EP0740046A2 - Dispositif d'orientation pour tête de forage - Google Patents

Dispositif d'orientation pour tête de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0740046A2
EP0740046A2 EP96103330A EP96103330A EP0740046A2 EP 0740046 A2 EP0740046 A2 EP 0740046A2 EP 96103330 A EP96103330 A EP 96103330A EP 96103330 A EP96103330 A EP 96103330A EP 0740046 A2 EP0740046 A2 EP 0740046A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
deflection
head
steering device
cam
drill
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96103330A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0740046A3 (fr
Inventor
Helmuth Römer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mtm-Technik Helmuth Romer GmbH
Original Assignee
Mtm-Technik Helmuth Romer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mtm-Technik Helmuth Romer GmbH filed Critical Mtm-Technik Helmuth Romer GmbH
Publication of EP0740046A2 publication Critical patent/EP0740046A2/fr
Publication of EP0740046A3 publication Critical patent/EP0740046A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/064—Deflecting the direction of boreholes specially adapted drill bits therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/067—Deflecting the direction of boreholes with means for locking sections of a pipe or of a guide for a shaft in angular relation, e.g. adjustable bent sub

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steering device for drill heads, with an oblique deflection surface, which is attached to a part of the drill head and can be adjusted by rotating this part or the entire drill head about its longitudinal axis to different azimuth angles in order to determine the deflection direction.
  • Drilling heads are used to create earth bores for lines of all ages, which are designed, for example, as bottom penetration hammers or as simple displacement heads and are driven into the ground by hydraulic or pneumatic blows, by continuous feeding or the like - optionally supported by flushing devices. So that the desired drilling route can be adhered to exactly, it is desirable to be able to steer the drilling head at least to the extent that slight directional corrections can be made during the advance.
  • a steerable drill head is known from US Pat. No. 3,794,128, in which the changes in direction are brought about by steering fins which are adjustable about axes running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the drill head.
  • the drill head In practice, it is often helpful to design the drill head asymmetrically and to provide it with an inclined deflecting surface which, during the advance, permanently deflects the drill head in the direction opposite the azimuth of the deflecting surface.
  • the drill head In order to advance the drilling in a straight line, the drill head is then continuously rotated about its longitudinal axis with the aid of the re-pressed or redrawn drill rod, so that the transverse deflections neutralize each other on average.
  • the position of the drill head is monitored with the aid of a transmitter installed in the drill head, which can also provide information about the current azimuth angle of the deflection surface.
  • a targeted direction correction or change of direction can then be achieved by extending the drill head over a longer period Holds time in a suitable angular position.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a steering device which enables a controlled influencing of the direction of advance even in inhomogeneous soils.
  • a steering device of the type mentioned in the introduction in which at least one further deflection surface is attached to a part rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the drill head, the angular position of which is controllable relative to the part carrying the first deflection surface.
  • the deflection surfaces With straight drilling, the deflection surfaces are adjusted so that their effects neutralize each other. If a change in direction is to be carried out, the deflection surfaces are rotated relative to one another in such a way that the resultant of the deflection forces generated by them is different from zero and points in the desired direction.
  • a major advantage of this solution is that the effects of the deflecting surfaces in the neutral position cancel each other out not only on average, but at any time, so that there is no strong directional deviation when hitting hard ground formations.
  • Another advantage is that the drill head does not have to be continuously rotated when driving straight ahead.
  • the drill head preferably has two parts which lie one behind the other in the axial direction, can be rotated relative to one another at least in a limited angular range and each have at least one deflection cam on which the oblique deflection surface is formed.
  • the two parts of the drill head each have only a single deflection cam, they are rotated by 180 ° in relation to one another in the neutral position. Then when the rear part is rotated 180 ° with the aid of the drill pipe, its deflection cam lies in the "shadow" of the front deflection cam and there is a transverse deflection in the direction determined by the position of the front deflection cam. In this position, the rotation of the rear part relative to the front part is limited by a stop, so that by turning the drill pipe further, both deflection cams can be rotated together. In this way, the desired deflection direction can be set.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that a maximum of two deflection cams are effective, so that there is little penetration resistance.
  • the front part of the drill head has two diametrically opposite deflection cams
  • the rear part has a further deflection cam which is in the neutral position in the shadow of one of the front deflection cams and, when corrected in a direction, is rotated by 90 ° to the front deflection cams brought.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that, due to the symmetrical structure of the front part, a more precise straight running is achieved in the neutral position.
  • the soil around the drill head is loosened by the two deflection cams of the front part, so that the rear part can be rotated more easily despite the radially projecting deflection cam.
  • a claw coupling can be placed between the front and rear part of the drill head be provided, which can be disengaged by withdrawing the rear part with the aid of the drill pipe, in order to twist the rear part, while the front part is fixed in the current angular position by his or her deflecting cams.
  • both parts of the drill head can be rotated together.
  • the drill head shown in FIG. 1 has a cylindrical base part 10 and a head part 12 rotatably connected to it, which has a conical striking tip 14 at the front end.
  • a radially projecting deflection cam 16 is formed on the cylindrical circumference of the head part 12 and has a deflection surface 18 at the front end that extends obliquely to the axis of the drill head. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the deflection cam 16 has slanted side flanks 20.
  • a deflection cam 22 of the same design with a deflection surface 24 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the base part 10 adjacent to its front end.
  • an axially projecting pin 26 is arranged on one of these parts, for example on the base part 10, which extends into a groove 28 of the head part 12 engages.
  • the ends of the groove 28 form stops 30, 32 for the pin 26 and thus limit the relative rotation between the base part and the head part to 180 °.
  • the base part 10 of the drill head is rotatably connected to a drill pipe, not shown. If the drill head has been deflected somewhat upwards in FIG. 1 due to stones or the like, the base part 10 is rotated by means of the drill pipe by 180 ° into the position shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In this position, the pin 26 rests on the stop 32, and the deflection cam 22 lies flush behind the front deflection cam 16 and is therefore largely ineffective. Thus, only the force generated by the deflection cam 16 acts, so that the directional deviation is corrected.
  • the head part 12 is carried along during the rotation.
  • the azimuth angle of the deflection cams 16, 22 about the longitudinal axis of the drill head can each be set so that the transverse deflection takes place in the desired direction.
  • the beveled flanks 20 of the deflection cams facilitate the rotation of the base part and, if appropriate, the head part against the resistance of the surrounding earth.
  • the head part 12 has two axis-symmetrically arranged deflection cams 16, 34, the effects of which neutralize each other.
  • the deflecting cam 22 of the base part 10 lies in the shadow of the deflecting cam 34, so that it remains largely ineffective and the drilling head is driven approximately in a straight line.
  • the deflection cam 22 is rotated by 90 ° with respect to the two front deflection cams 16 and 34. In this state, the deflecting cam 22 comes into effect because its deflecting surface hits the ground in question and its deflecting force is not compensated for by an opposing cam.
  • the base part 10 and the head part 12 are also axially movable relative to one another in a limited area, and a claw coupling, which is formed by claws 36 and associated catches 38, acts between them.
  • this claw coupling allows a relative rotation of the base part 10 and the head part 12 in angular steps of 90 °, so that when the claw coupling engages, the deflection cam 22 either aligns with one of the front deflection cams 16, 34 or is rotated by 90 °.
  • the base part 10 is withdrawn with the aid of the drill pipe and rotated into the desired position, while the head part 12 is held in place by the two deflection cams 16, 34. Since the base part can be rotated in any direction relative to the head part, the desired deflection direction can be set quickly. The fine adjustment is made by rotating the base part and head part together when the claw coupling is engaged.
  • the claw coupling can also be designed so that it enables a finer angular adjustment of the base part relative to the head part.
  • Such a claw coupling can also be used in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 4. In this case, it is possible to arrange the deflection cams 16 and 22 slightly rotated relative to one another on the same side, so that their deflection effect is added.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP96103330A 1995-03-04 1996-03-04 Dispositif d'orientation pour tête de forage Withdrawn EP0740046A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1995107581 DE19507581C2 (de) 1995-03-04 1995-03-04 Lenkvorrichtung für Bohrköpfe
DE19507581 1995-03-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0740046A2 true EP0740046A2 (fr) 1996-10-30
EP0740046A3 EP0740046A3 (fr) 1997-08-20

Family

ID=7755627

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96103330A Withdrawn EP0740046A3 (fr) 1995-03-04 1996-03-04 Dispositif d'orientation pour tête de forage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0740046A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE19507581C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10122299C2 (de) * 2001-05-08 2003-11-13 Tracto Technik Verfahren zum Felsbohren

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3561549A (en) * 1968-06-07 1971-02-09 Smith Ind International Inc Slant drilling tools for oil wells
US3888319A (en) * 1973-11-26 1975-06-10 Continental Oil Co Control system for a drilling apparatus
US4040495A (en) * 1975-12-22 1977-08-09 Smith International, Inc. Drilling apparatus
GB2121453A (en) * 1982-05-18 1983-12-21 Shell Int Research Stabilizer/housing assembly and method for the directional drilling of boreholes
US5094304A (en) * 1990-09-24 1992-03-10 Drilex Systems, Inc. Double bend positive positioning directional drilling system

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3794128A (en) * 1972-11-29 1974-02-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Subterranean penetrator steering system utilizing fixed and rotatable fins
US5255749A (en) * 1992-03-16 1993-10-26 Steer-Rite, Ltd. Steerable burrowing mole

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3561549A (en) * 1968-06-07 1971-02-09 Smith Ind International Inc Slant drilling tools for oil wells
US3888319A (en) * 1973-11-26 1975-06-10 Continental Oil Co Control system for a drilling apparatus
US4040495A (en) * 1975-12-22 1977-08-09 Smith International, Inc. Drilling apparatus
GB2121453A (en) * 1982-05-18 1983-12-21 Shell Int Research Stabilizer/housing assembly and method for the directional drilling of boreholes
US5094304A (en) * 1990-09-24 1992-03-10 Drilex Systems, Inc. Double bend positive positioning directional drilling system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19507581A1 (de) 1995-09-07
DE19507581C2 (de) 1996-09-26
EP0740046A3 (fr) 1997-08-20

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