GB2121453A - Stabilizer/housing assembly and method for the directional drilling of boreholes - Google Patents

Stabilizer/housing assembly and method for the directional drilling of boreholes Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2121453A
GB2121453A GB08214485A GB8214485A GB2121453A GB 2121453 A GB2121453 A GB 2121453A GB 08214485 A GB08214485 A GB 08214485A GB 8214485 A GB8214485 A GB 8214485A GB 2121453 A GB2121453 A GB 2121453A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
stabilizer
housing
drill string
housing assembly
assembly according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB08214485A
Inventor
Anthony Willem Kamp
Robert Nicholas Worrall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority to GB08214485A priority Critical patent/GB2121453A/en
Publication of GB2121453A publication Critical patent/GB2121453A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/068Deflecting the direction of boreholes drilled by a down-hole drilling motor
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1014Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The stabilizer/housing assembly for directional drilling of boreholes, includes a stabilizer 20 mounted either on the housing 11 of a downhole motor or on a pipe section (that is to be coupled to a downhole motor). The stabilizer 20 can rotate relative to the housing 11 between a first end position wherein the stabilizer and the housing are eccentric and a second end position wherein they are concentric. Directional drilling of boreholes is carried out by actuating a drill bit by means of the downhole motor, and simultaneously therewith rotating the drill string over periods that are preceded and succeeded by periods over which the drill string is not rotated. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Stabilizer/housing assembly and method for the directional drilling of boreholes The invention relates to the drilling of boreholes in underground formations in the search for valuable materials such as hydrocarbons. More in particular, the invention relates to a stabilizer/housing assembly and a method for the directional drilling of boreholes by using this assembly.
The expression "directional drilling of a borehole" is used in the specification and in the claims to refer to drilling a borehole that departs at will from the vertical or from any other direction.
A means known in the art suitable for the directional drilling of a borehole is the "variable bent sub". The variable bent sub is a pipe section, the deflection of which can be controlled by means of a remotely controlled servo system. The pipe section can be positioned between the upper end of a down-hole motor and the lower end of a drill string. When the pipe section is in the stretched position, a vertical borehole section is drilled. When it is required to drill a section that departs from the vertical or from any other direction, the deflection of the bent sub is adjusted in such a way that the central axis of the downhole motor intersects the central axis of the lower end of the drill string at a small angle. The variable bent sub is described in detail in French patent application 2,175,620 (filed: 16th March, 1972: inventor: Russell, M. K.).
A major disadvantage of the variable bent sub resides in the complexity of the remotely controlled servo system that is responsible for adjusting the deflection of the bent sub.
An object of the invention is to provide a stabilizer/housing assembly that forms a simple and reliable means for the directional drilling of a borehole, and which means does not include a complex control or adjusting system. A further object of the invention is to provide a simple method for directionally drilling of boreholes by using the stabilizer/housing assembly.
The stabilizer/housing assembly according to the invention includes a housing and a stabilizer, the stabilizer comprising a sleeve and a plurality of blades that project outwards from the sleeve, the sleeve being mounted on the housing in such a way that the stabilizer can be rotated relative to the housing between a first end position wherein the stabilizer is eccentric to the housing, and a second end position wherein the stabilizer is concentric to the housing, and vice versa.
The housing of the assembly may be formed either bya pipe section (sub) provided with connector means for including the pipe section in a drill string, or by the housing of a downhole motor, which motor is provided with an output shaft and with connector means for connecting the motor to the lower end of a drill string.
The method according to the invention for directional drilling of a borehole by means of the stabilizer/housing assembly according to the invention consists of lowering a drill string assembly including a drill string, a drill bit and the stabilizer/housing assembly in the borehole, rotating the axially loaded drill bit relative to the drill string by means of a downhole motor, and simultaneously therewith rotating the drill string over periods that are preceded and succeeded by selected periods during which the drill string is not rotated.
The expression "central axis of a stabilizer" as used in the specification refers to the central axis of a surface of revolution that envelops the blades of the stabilizer.
The invention will now be explained by way of example in more detail with reference to the drawings, wherein: Figure 1 shows a side-view of a stabilizer/housing assembly according to the invention, wherein the stabilizer is in a position that is eccentric to the housing; Figure 2 shows a cross-section of Figure 1 over the line Il-li, drawn to a scale larger than the scale of Figure 1; Figure 3 shows the cross-section of Figure 2, but wherein the stabilizer is shifted to a position that is concentric to the housing; Figure 4 shows a side-view of an alternative embodiment of the invention; and Figure 5 shows a cross-section of Figure 4 over the line V-V, drawn to a scale larger than the scale of Figure 4.
Reference is made to Figure 1 showing a sideview of a stabilizer/housing assembly for directional drilling of boreholes and to Figure 2, showing a cross-section of Figure 1 over the line Il-Il and drawn to a scale larger than the scale of Figure 1. In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2, the housing of the stabilizer/housing assembly is formed by the housing 11 of the hydraulic turbine 10. The turbine further includes a rotor 12, and an output shaft 1 3 connected to the rotor 12.The upper end of the housing 11 is provided with upper connector means in the form of an external tapered thread 1 4 for connecting the turbine 10 to the lower end of a drill string (not shown) and the output shaft 1 3 is provided with an internal tapered thread 1 6 for connecting a drill bit (not shown) to the output shaft. The rotor 1 2 is provided with rotor blades 17 and the turbine housing 11 is provided with stator blades 1 8. As this type of turbine is known per se, no constructional details thereof (such as seals and bearings) are shown.
The stabilizer/housing assembly further includes'a stabilizer 20 carried by the housing 11 of the hydraulic turbine 10. The stabilizer 20 consists of a sleeve 21 and four blades 20A, 20B, 20C and 20D that are arranged eccentrically on the sleeve 21. Thus the central axis 22 of the stabilizer is arranged eccentric to the central axis 23 of the sleeve 21. This latter axis, however, coincides with the central axis of the cylindrical body 24 that is eccentrically mounted on the housing 11 (with the central axis 25). The sleeve 21 of the stabilizer is rotatably mounted on the cylindrical body 24.
The cylindrical body 24 is provided with a groove 27 that extends between a first shoulder 28 and a second shoulder 29 over an arc that is somewhat largerthan 1800. The sleeve 21 carries a spline 30 that co-operates with the groove 27 in such a way that the sleeve 21 together with the blades 20A, 20B, 20C and 20D can rotate relative to the body 24 and to the housing 11 over an arc of 1800 between the shoulders 28 and 29. Axial displacement of the sleeve 21 is prevented by rings 31 and 32 that are connected to the housing 11 of the turbine 10.
Figures 1 and 2 show the stabilizer 20 in the eccentric position thereof relative to the housing 11 of the turbine 10. In this end position of the stabilizer 20, the central axis 22 of the stabilizer is parallel to the central axis 25 of the turbine housing 11, and the central axis 23 of the cylindrical body 24 is positioned halfway between the central axis 25 of the turbine housing 11 and the central axis 22 of the stabilizer 20. By rotating the stabilizer 20 about the cylindrical body 24, the central axis 22 of the stabilizer will revolve round the central axis 23 of the cylindrical body 24 until the rotation is stopped by the spline 30 contacting the second shoulder 29 of the groove 27. In this end position of the stabilizer (see Figure 3), the axes 22 and 25 coincide, and the stabilizer 20 is in the concentric position relative to the housing 11 of the turbine 10.
For drilling a section of a borehole with the stabilizer/housing assembly shown in Figures 13 of the drawings, a drill bit (not shown) is connected to the output shaft 13 and the turbine carrying the stabilizer is connected to the lower end of a drill string (not shown). Thereupon, the drill string assembly, including the drill string and the turbine is lowered in the borehole until the drill bit rests on the bottom of the borehole.
Drilling fluid is then pumped through the interior of the drill string to drive the turbine 10 to rotate the drill bit and a predetermined amount of weight on bit is applied.
Depending on the position of the stabilizer with respect to the housing of the turbine, the section that is subsequently being drilled (which section forms an extension of the existing borehole) will either be in the direction of the borehole, or deviate therefrom. It will be appreciated that by "the direction of the borehole" is meant the direction of the central axis of the lower end of the borehole (that is at the location where the drill bit is on the bottom of the hole).
It will be appreciated that the stabilizer will be brought into the concentric position thereof (and also stay in this position) by rotating the drill string in the direction wherein the second shoulder 29 of the groove 27 is in contact with the spline 30 of the stabilizer sleeve 21 (see Figure 3). Thjs concentric position will also be maintained when-simultaneously with the rotation of the drill string-the rotary bit (not shown) is activated by the turbine 10.
The rotation of the drill string (which rotation originates from the rotation of the rotary table of the drilling rig) is transferred to the stabilizer 20 (see Figures 1 and 3) via the external tapered thread 14, the turbine housing 11, the cylindrical body 24, the second shoulder 29 and the spline 30.
When the stabilizer 20 is operated in the borehole in its concentric position (see Figure 3), the blades 20A-D thereof centralize the turbine in the borehole. The drill bit will then be guided in the direction of the borehole and thus the section that forms the extension of the borehole will be drilled in the direction of the borehole.
When the drill string is not rotated over the periods that the drill bit is activated by the turbine, the reaction torque exerted on the housing of the turbine will rotate the housing in a direction such that the first shoulder 28 of the groove 27 will make contact with the spline 30 of the sleeve 21 of the stabilizer 20. The stabilizer 20 will then be in its eccentric position (see Figure 2) as a result whereof the central axis of the drill bit will be inclined relative to the central axis of the borehole, and drilling of the extension of the hole by the action of the turbine whilst the drill string is not rotated will result in a borehole section having a direction that deviates from the direction of the borehole.During drilling, the inclination of the axis of the bit with respect to the axis of the borehole extension increases, and as a result thereof a curved section is being drilled.
Since the position of the stabilizer with respect to the housing can be controlled by rotating the drill string or keeping it immobile, the central axis of the bit can be manoeuvred either in a position wherein it coincides with the central axis of the borehole, or in a position wherein it is inclined to the central axis of the borehole, respectively. Thus the stabilizer/housing assembly allows directional drilling of the borehole by rotating the axially loaded drill bit by means of the turbine, and actuating the drill string to rotate the string over periods that are preceded and followed by selected periods over which the drill string is not rotated.
It will be appreciated that the direction of the planes in which curved sections of the borehole are being drilled can be monitored by logging equipment that is carried by the lower end of the drill string. Such equipment that is applied for measuring inclination and azimuth of the borehole is known per se and does not require any detailed description. The desired azimuth of the borehole section that is being drilled is controlled by adjusting the angular position of the upper end of the non-rotating drill string.Such adjustment is obtained by a rotational displacement-of the rotary table over an angle that results in a position of the body 24 (see Figure 2) on the turbine housing 11 , wherein the plane of symmetry of the blades 20A and 20C of the stabilizer coincides with the plane wherein the central axis of the curved borehole section to be drilled should be situated.
The invention is not restricted to the construction described with reference to Figures 2 and 3, wherein the shoulders 28 and 29 are positioned such that the stabilizer 20 can rotate over 1 800 with respect to the housing 11. If desired, the cylindrical body may be constructed such that the shoulders limit the stabilizer rotation to a suitable angle other than 1800.
Reference is now made to Figure 4, showing a side-view of a stabilizer/housing assembly according to the present invention, wherein the stabilizer construction differs from the stabilizer design shown in Figures 1-3 of the drawings.
Figure 5 shows a cross-section of Figure 4 over the line V-V. The scale of Figure 5 is larger than the scale of Figure 4.
Those elements of the assembly shown in Figures 4 and 5 that are equivalent to the elements shown in Figures 1-3 are indicated by the same reference numerals.
The stabilizer 35 has four blades 36A, 36B, 36C and 36D mounted on a sleeve 37. The stabilizer is rotatably arranged on the cylindrical body 24 that is mounted on the turbine housing 11 in such a manner that the central axis 23 of this body is halfway between the central axis 25 of the housing 11 and the central axis 22 of the stabilizer 35 when the latter is in the eccentric position thereof (as shown in the drawings).
Axial displacement of the stabilizer 35 with respect to the housing 11 of the turbine 10 is prevented by the rings 32 and 38 that are mounted on the housing 11. The upper ring 38 is provided with two stops 39 and 40 arranged to co-operate alternately with the two sides of the upper end of the blade 36A. The blades 36B,36C and 36D are shorter in length and allow rotation of the sleeve about the body 24. It will be appreciated that when the stabilizer 35 is rotated in anti-clockwise direction from the eccentric position thereof shown in Figures 4 and 5, this rotation will be stopped by the stop 40 when the stabilizer is in the concentric position (which position corresponds with the stabilizer position of the assembly shown in Figure 3 of the drawings).
The assembly shown in Figures 4 and 5 is operated in the same manner as described with reference to the assembly shown in Figures 1-3 of the drawings.
The invention is not restricted to a stabilizer/housing assembly wherein the housing is formed by the housing of a turbine as shown in Figures 1-3 and in Figures 4 and 5. If desired, the housing may be formed by a pipe section that is provided with a first connector means to connect the pipe section to the upper connector means of a turbine and with a second connector means to connect the pipe section to the lower end of a drill string. For directional drilling of a borehole a drill string assembly including a drill string, the stabilizer/pipe section assembly, a turbine and a drill bit is lowered in the borehole.
To drill a borehole, the axially loaded drill bit is rotated relative to the drill string by means of the turbine, and simultaneously therewith the drill string is rotated over periods that are preceded and succeeded by periods during which the drill string is not rotated. In this manner the successive sections of the hole that is being drilled, will alternately be curved and straight, and this allows the operator to direct the borehole to a desired target area in the subsurface formation.
If desired, the stabiiizer/housing assembly shown in Figures 1-3 as well as the stabilizer/housing assembly shown in Figures 4 and 5 may be used in combination with a drill string that carries a concentric stabilizer on or near the lower end thereof at some distance above the turbine. When applying a relatively long turbine housing in the assembly, it is sometimes advisable to mount the concentric stabilizer near the upper end of the turbine housing and to arrange the stabilizer of the assembly at some distance therebelow.
The invention is not restricted to stabilizers having four straight blades. The blades may be helically shaped in clockwise or counterclockwise direction and the number of blades should be such that the stabilizer can guide the sleeve in a borehole. In addition thereto, the outer surface of the blades may be provided with wear resistant inserts to reduce the wear of the blades.
Further the invention is not restricted to the use of a particular type of down-holamotor in the assembly. Any type of down-hole motor known in the art such as a vane motor, or a Moineau motor (also referred to as Mono-motor) or an electric motor may be used.

Claims (12)

Claims
1. Stabilizer/housing assembly for use in directional drilling of boreholes in subsurface formations, which assembly includes a housing and a stabilizer, the stabilizer comprising a sleeve and a plurality of blades that project outwards from the sleeve, the sleeve being mounted on the housing in such a way that the stabilizer can be rotated relative to the housing between a first end position wherein the stabilizer is eccentric to the housing, and a second end position wherein the stabilizer is concentric to the housing, and vice versa.
2. Stabilizer/housing assembly according to claim 1, wherein the housing is formed by the housing of a downhole motor that is provided with an output shaft and with connector means for connecting the motor to the lower end of a drill string.
3. Stabilizer/housing assembly according to claim 1, wherein the housing is formed by a pipe section that is provided with connector means for including the pipe section in a drill string assembly.
4. Stabilizer/housing assembly according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein the stabilizer is rotatably mounted on a cylindrical body that is eccentrically mounted on the housing.
5. Stabilizer/housing assembly according to claim 4, including a spline cooperating with a groove extending between two shoulders, the spline being in contact with a shoulder in each of the two end positions of the stabilizer.
6. Stabilizer/housing assembly according to claim 5, wherein the groove extends over part of the outer surface of the cylindrical body, and wherein the spline is connected to the interior of the sleeve.
7. Stabilizer/housing assembly according to claim 5, wherein the groove extends over part of the interior of the sleeve and wherein the spline is mounted on the cylindrical body.
8. Stabilizer/housing assembly according to any one of the claims 1-4, wherein the housing is provided with two stops that cooperate with at least one of the blades of the stabilizer, the blade being in contact with a stop in each of the two end positions of the stabilizer.
9. Stabilizer/housing assembly according to any one of the claims 1-8, wherein the stabilizer can be rotated between the two end positions over an angle of 1800.
10. Stabilizer/housing assembly for directional drilling of boreholes in subsurface formations substantially as described with reference to Figures 1-3, and Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings.
11. Method for directional drilling of a borehole wherein a drill string assembly including a drill string, a drill bit and the stabilizer/housing assembly according to claim 1 is lowered in the borehole, and the axially loaded drill bit is rotated relative to the drill string by means of a downhole motor, and wherein simultaneously with the rotation of the axially loaded drill bit the drill string is rotated over periods that are preceded and succeeded by selected periods over which the drill string is not rotated.
12. Method for directional drilling of boreholes substantially as described with reference to Figures 1-3 of the drawings.
GB08214485A 1982-05-18 1982-05-18 Stabilizer/housing assembly and method for the directional drilling of boreholes Withdrawn GB2121453A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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GB08214485A GB2121453A (en) 1982-05-18 1982-05-18 Stabilizer/housing assembly and method for the directional drilling of boreholes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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GB08214485A GB2121453A (en) 1982-05-18 1982-05-18 Stabilizer/housing assembly and method for the directional drilling of boreholes

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GB2121453A true GB2121453A (en) 1983-12-21

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987003329A1 (en) * 1985-12-02 1987-06-04 Drilex Uk Limited Improvements in directional drilling of a drill string
EP0335609A2 (en) * 1988-03-28 1989-10-04 KAYES, Allan G. Soil displacement hammer
USRE33751E (en) * 1985-10-11 1991-11-26 Smith International, Inc. System and method for controlled directional drilling
US5094304A (en) * 1990-09-24 1992-03-10 Drilex Systems, Inc. Double bend positive positioning directional drilling system
WO1993011334A1 (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-10 Charles Abernethy Anderson Downhole stabiliser
US5343967A (en) * 1984-05-12 1994-09-06 Baker Hughes Incorporated Apparatus for optional straight or directional drilling underground formations
EP0740046A2 (en) * 1995-03-04 1996-10-30 MTM-Technik Helmuth Römer GmbH Steering device for drilling heads
US6622803B2 (en) * 2000-03-22 2003-09-23 Rotary Drilling Technology, Llc Stabilizer for use in a drill string
GB2476595A (en) * 2009-03-20 2011-06-29 Turbopower Drilling Sal Downhole drill motor stabiliser
CN104389522A (en) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-04 夏本玉 Half-cycle self-correction anti-bending drilling tool
WO2015127345A3 (en) * 2014-02-24 2016-03-10 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Eccentric stabilizer for synchronous rotary steerable system

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1483789A (en) * 1974-11-07 1977-08-24 Amoco Prod Co Drilling tool for the directional drilling of boreholes in the earth

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1483789A (en) * 1974-11-07 1977-08-24 Amoco Prod Co Drilling tool for the directional drilling of boreholes in the earth

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5343967A (en) * 1984-05-12 1994-09-06 Baker Hughes Incorporated Apparatus for optional straight or directional drilling underground formations
USRE33751E (en) * 1985-10-11 1991-11-26 Smith International, Inc. System and method for controlled directional drilling
US4807708A (en) * 1985-12-02 1989-02-28 Drilex Uk Limited And Eastman Christensen Company Directional drilling of a drill string
WO1987003329A1 (en) * 1985-12-02 1987-06-04 Drilex Uk Limited Improvements in directional drilling of a drill string
EP0335609A2 (en) * 1988-03-28 1989-10-04 KAYES, Allan G. Soil displacement hammer
EP0335609A3 (en) * 1988-03-28 1990-03-07 Allan G. Kayes Soil displacement hammer
US4974687A (en) * 1988-03-28 1990-12-04 Kayes Allan G Soil displacement hammer
US5094304A (en) * 1990-09-24 1992-03-10 Drilex Systems, Inc. Double bend positive positioning directional drilling system
GB2275487B (en) * 1991-12-04 1995-03-08 Charles Abernethy Anderson Downhole stabiliser
GB2275487A (en) * 1991-12-04 1994-08-31 Charles Abernethy Anderson Downhole stabilizer
WO1993011334A1 (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-10 Charles Abernethy Anderson Downhole stabiliser
US5511627A (en) * 1991-12-04 1996-04-30 Anderson; Charles A. Downhole stabiliser
EP0740046A2 (en) * 1995-03-04 1996-10-30 MTM-Technik Helmuth Römer GmbH Steering device for drilling heads
EP0740046A3 (en) * 1995-03-04 1997-08-20 Mtm Technik Helmuth Roemer Gmb Steering device for drilling heads
US6622803B2 (en) * 2000-03-22 2003-09-23 Rotary Drilling Technology, Llc Stabilizer for use in a drill string
GB2476595A (en) * 2009-03-20 2011-06-29 Turbopower Drilling Sal Downhole drill motor stabiliser
GB2476595B (en) * 2009-03-20 2012-05-23 Halliburton Energy Serv Inc Downhole drilling assembly
US9249630B2 (en) 2009-03-20 2016-02-02 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Downhole drilling assembly
US9714543B2 (en) 2009-03-20 2017-07-25 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Downhole drilling assembly
US10119336B2 (en) 2009-03-20 2018-11-06 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Downhole drilling assembly
WO2015127345A3 (en) * 2014-02-24 2016-03-10 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Eccentric stabilizer for synchronous rotary steerable system
CN104389522A (en) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-04 夏本玉 Half-cycle self-correction anti-bending drilling tool
CN104389522B (en) * 2014-11-20 2016-04-06 夏本玉 The anti-bending drilling tool of half period self-correction

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