EP0737470A1 - Wundpflegemittel - Google Patents

Wundpflegemittel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0737470A1
EP0737470A1 EP96200945A EP96200945A EP0737470A1 EP 0737470 A1 EP0737470 A1 EP 0737470A1 EP 96200945 A EP96200945 A EP 96200945A EP 96200945 A EP96200945 A EP 96200945A EP 0737470 A1 EP0737470 A1 EP 0737470A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plaque
bacterial
colloidal
coated
zinc oxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96200945A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stuart W. Unilever Port Sunlight Res. Lab. Carr
Karen M. Unilever Port Sunlight Res. Lab. Pickup
Philippa M. Unilever Port Sunlight Res. Lab Smith
Kurt M. Unilever Port Sunlight Res.Lab. Schilling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Givaudan Nederland Services BV
Original Assignee
Quest International BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Quest International BV filed Critical Quest International BV
Priority to EP96200945A priority Critical patent/EP0737470A1/de
Publication of EP0737470A1 publication Critical patent/EP0737470A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/11—Encapsulated compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/27—Zinc; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/64—Proteins; Peptides; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/41—Particular ingredients further characterized by their size
    • A61K2800/412—Microsized, i.e. having sizes between 0.1 and 100 microns

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the delivery of colloidal anti-plaque agents to dental plaque by the use of
  • plaque a microbial community embedded in polymers of salivary and bacterial origin
  • microbial colonisation is enhanced by stereospecific interactions between cell surface proteins referred to as 'adhesions' and cognate binding sites present for example on other bacteria or on host tissue (Tsivion Y and Sharon N(1981) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 642 ,336; Kawai Y and Yano I(1983) Eur. J. Biochem.
  • anti-plaque agents covers antimicrobial agents which kill certain oral bacteria such as S. sanguis or S. mutants , as well as agents that prevent or reduce plaque formation in another way, e.g. by influencing plaque pH or by forming antimicrobial agents in situ.
  • antimicrobial agents are antimicrobial metals and metal oxides, such as silver, copper, zinc, iron, tin, mercury, lanthanum, yttrium, indium, gold.
  • a preferred antimicrobial agent is zinc oxide, and the invention will be further discussed and illustrated on the basis of zinc oxide, it being understood, however, that the invention is not limited thereto.
  • anti-plaque agents examples include plaque-pH buffering agents such as chalk, and agents that form antimicrobial agents in situ , e.g. oxidoreductases, which are adsorbed onto a colloidal carrier material such as colloidal silica.
  • Colloidal zinc oxide is potentially a dual functional agent where the release of zinc ions at acidic pH results in (i)inhibition of microbial glycolysis and (ii) a buffering effect.
  • An additional advantage of using colloidal zinc oxide is its small particulate size (ca. 10nm), which enhances its diffusion through plaque and as a consequence its efficacy.
  • Particulate zinc oxide can be targeted to a specific site by e.g. (i) polymers, particularly glycoproteins and other saccharide or oligosaccharide containing adducts, and (ii) antibodies.
  • Complexes can be formed between colloidal zinc oxide and the targeting system: eg antibodies, polymers.
  • Compounds can be targeted to the tooth surface to control the development of bacteria associated with carries. Targeting and thus substantivity leads to a reduced amount of 'active' required.
  • the targeting groups can be generated by synthetic chemistry (eg polymers, antibodies), purification or extraction from natural sources (eg. milk proteins) or through the tools of molecular biology (eg. antibodies and fragments).
  • the purpose of the present invention is to use specific targeting systems (eg. polymers, antibodies) for the substantive delivery of colloidal anti plaque agents, more particularly zinc oxide, to plaque bacteria.
  • specific targeting systems eg. polymers, antibodies
  • polymers which contain structures specifically recognised by bacterial adhesions are used to deliver zinc oxide. This is achieved by coating zinc oxide particles with the polymer.
  • polymer targeting systems include natural or synthetic polymers containing saccharide or peptide structures specifically recognised by bacterial adhesions.
  • Synthetic polymers include polyanionic, polycationic, or amphoteric adducts with: i) specific saccharides or oligosaccharides residues such as lactobionamide, maltobionamide, and other sugar structures; or ii) peptide structures.
  • Natural polymers include dextrans, starches, bovine glycoproteins, plant glycoproteins and polysaccharides, and other natural macromolecules with sugar groups recognised by plaque bacteria.
  • Suitable polymers include eg. dextrans (mentioned above), fetuin, food grade glycoprotein from bovine milk such as ⁇ -casein, asialo- ⁇ -casein, sweet whey, and asialofetuin.
  • Antibody targeting systems include whole antibodies or monovalent or polyvalent fragments of antibodies which are derived synthetically or using molecular biology and natural production systems such as fermentation. Complexes may be formed through chemical complexation between anti-bacterial antibodies (fragments) and colloidal zinc oxide. Alternatively, a fusion can be made which consists of the antibody fragment binding region and colloidal zinc oxide. Antibody fragment fusions with peptide structures which adsorb efficiently to colloidal metal oxide complexes can also be used.
  • self assembly systems can be utilised to target colloidal metal oxides, whereby a primary plaque-specific antibody or fragment is utilised to target plaque structures, and secondary antibodies (or fragments) specific for the first antibody (or fragment) are used to coat the metal oxide complex.
  • the dual antibody systems assemble in situ to target the complex to specific structures in dental plaque.
  • Another object of this invention is to use polymers which contain carbohydrate residues, specifically recognised by bacterial lectins, to target colloidal zinc oxide to a specific site and release zinc ions at an acidic pH.
  • Another object of this invention is to use antibodies which recognise plaque bacteria to target colloidal zinc oxide to a specific site and release zinc ions at acidic pH.
  • Targeted colloidal zinc oxide described herein can be formulated into dentrifices, mouthrinses, gels, dental flosses and other oral care products.
  • the oral care products can be in the form of toothpastes, gels, mouthwashes, powders, gargles, lozenges, chewing gum and the like.
  • the oral composition may furthermore comprise conventional ingredients, such as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers like starch, sucrose, polyols, surfactants, water or water/alcohol systems etc.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carriers like starch, sucrose, polyols, surfactants, water or water/alcohol systems etc.
  • such formulation may contain all the usual dentifrice ingredients.
  • they may comprise particulate abrasive materials such as silicas, aluminas, calcium carbonates, dicalciumphosphates, hydroxyapatites, calcium pyrophosphates, trimetaphosphates, insoluble hexametaphosphates and so on, usually in amounts between 5 and 60% by weight.
  • the dentifrice formulations may comprise humectants such as glycerol, sorbitol, propyleneglycol, latitol and so on.
  • Surface-active agents may also be included such as anionic, nonionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic synthetic detergents. Examples thereof are sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate, sodium mono- and dioctylphosphate, sodiumlauroylsarcosinate, cocamidopropylbetain.
  • Binders and thickeners such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum, gum arabic etc., may also be included, as well as synthetic polymers such as polyacrylates and carboxyvinyl polymers such as Carbopol®.
  • Flavours such as peppermint and spearmint oils may also be included, as well as preservatives, opacifying agents, colouring agents, pH-adjusting agents, sweetening agents and so on.
  • Additional anti-bacterial agents may also be included such as Triclosan, chlorhexidine, copper, zinc- and stannous salts, such as copper sulphate, zinc citrate and stannous pyrophosphate, sanguinarine extract, metronidazole.
  • additional anti-bacterial agents are quaternary ammonium compounds such as cetylpyridinium chloride; bis-guanides such as chlorhexidine digluconate, hexetidine, octenidine, alexidine, halogenated bisphenolic compounds such as 2.2'methylenebis-(4-chloro-6-bromophenol).
  • Polymeric compounds which can enhance the delivery of active ingredients such as the anti-bacterial agents can also be included.
  • examples of such polymers are copolymers of polyvinylmethylether with maleic anhydride and other similar delivery enhancing polymners, e.g. those described in DE-A-3,942,643 (Colgate).
  • anti-inflammatory agents such as ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, aspirin, indomethacin etc., may also be included.
  • Anti-caries agents such as sodium- and stannous fluoride, aminefluorides, sodium monofluorophosphate, calcium lactate and/or calcium glycerophosphates, strontium salts and strontium polyacrylates, casein and casein digests and phosphoproteins may also be included.
  • vitamins such as Vitamin C, plant extract, potassium salts such as potassium citrate, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate.
  • enzymes such as dextranase and/or mutanase, amyloglucosidase, glucose-oxidase with lactoperoxidase, neuraminidases, and hydrogen peroxide generating compounds such as potassium peroxydiphosphate.
  • the oral compositions may comprise anti-calculus agents such as alkali metal pyrophosphates, hypophosphite-containing polymers, organic phosphonates, phosphocitrates, etc.
  • anti-calculus agents such as alkali metal pyrophosphates, hypophosphite-containing polymers, organic phosphonates, phosphocitrates, etc.
  • bacteriocins e.g. bacteriocins, bacteriophages, tissue respiratory factors, antibodies, bleaching agents such as peroxy compounds, effervescing systems such as sodium bicarbonate/citric acid systems, colour change systems, and so on.
  • bleaching agents such as peroxy compounds
  • effervescing systems such as sodium bicarbonate/citric acid systems, colour change systems, and so on.
  • Example 1 only confirms binding studies of various micro-organisms to various polymers reported in the literature.
  • agglutination assays (1.1.1.2) were used to study well documented lectin-receptor interactions of Actinomyces naeslundii , Streptococcus sobrinus and Streptococcus sanguis (as illustrated in table 1). Essentially,these assays monitor optical density (OD) over time where a reduction in OD correlates with an increase in bacterial agglutination, indicative of a lectin-receptor interaction.
  • OD optical density
  • This assay was used to study surface binding of A . naeslundii and S. sanguis to polymer coated beads.
  • A. naeslundii PK 29, S. sanguis G9B and S. sobrinus 6715 were grown up overnight at 37°C in brain heart infusion supplemented media (brain heart infusion 47g/l; yeast extract 5g/l; cysteine HCL 0.1g/l; haemin 500ml/l; vitamin K 5mg/l; sterile horse blood 50ml/l). Bacterial cultures were then centrifuged (2000g;10 minutes), washed twice in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and resuspended in PBS to an appropriate absorbance at 600 nm.
  • PBS phosphate buffered saline
  • the sample was incubated at 37°C for 1 hour on a rotary mixer (60 rpm, Heidolph) and then washed and centrifuged three times in TGS buffer + 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA). Finally, the deposit was resuspended in 10 ml of 0.1% BSA/TGS buffer.
  • Disposable polystyrene cuvettes with sealable plastic caps (Sigma Aldrich Techware) containing a total sample volume of 2.0 ml were used.
  • 1.0 ml of latex treated (asialofetuin or fetuin) beads were placed in the cuvette followed by an appropriate amount of TGS.
  • 0.1 ml of the bacterial suspension * ( A. naeslundii or S. sanguis ) was added to initiate agglutination.
  • the cuvettes were sealed and agitated prior to an initial absorbance reading. * Final OD (600nm) of bacterial suspensions was 1.0.
  • Control samples contained latex beads which were coated with the non-carbohydrate protein BSA which would not be recognisd by the bacterial lectin. Specificity of the reaction was determined by incorporating lactose, a ⁇ -galactoside, which competes for the bacterial lectin site on A.naeslundii and inhibits agglutination.
  • Glucose which does not compete for the lectin site had little or no effect on bacterial agglutination.
  • S. sanguis was added to fetuin coated latex beads there was little/no bacterial agglutination.
  • S. sanguis has a well documented lectin for sialic acid residues, in this instance purported to be present in fetuin.
  • the lack of agglutination is most likely attributed to the manufacturing process of fetuin where a large proportion of the terminal sugar ie sialic acid may have been cleaved off and lost in the process.
  • This assay was used to study glucan binding of S. sobrinus where bacterial agglutination would be expected to occur if recognition ocurred between ⁇ -1,6 linked glucose residues in dextrans of greater than 70KDa and the lectin of S. sobrinus .
  • Disposable cuvettes were used for this assay. 0.2 ml of 5% BSA in PBS was dispensed into a cuvette followed by the addition of 1.6 ml of bacterial suspension*. The agglutinin (dextrans > 70 KDa, in this instance 79 KDa and 2000 KDa) was then added to the suspension which was brought to a total volume of 2.0 ml by the addition of PBS. The cuvettes were sealed and agitated prior to an initial absorbance reading. Subsequent readings were taken at two minute intervals for a twenty minute period (OD 600nm).Cuvettes were rotated at 25 rpm between readings. Controls included (a) bacteria without dextran and (b) bacteria with dextrans of ⁇ 70 KDa where bacterial agglutination would not be expected. * Final OD (600nm) of bacterial suspensions was 1.0.
  • a coordination precursor complex to zinc oxide was synthesised by refluxing a 0.1M solution of Zn(0Ac) 2 2H 2 0 in ethanol for 3 hours. The solution was cooled to 0°C prior to the addition of an ethanolic solution of NaOH which made the final concentration of base 0.1M. The solution was stirred for 1 hour and then evaporated to dryness. The resulting white solid was washed with distilled water, freeze dried and calcined at 160°C to remove any loosely bound organics, particularly acetic acid.
  • Asialofetuin (0.02%) was added to a 0.03% solution of zinc oxide in distilled water and shaken on a roller mixer (Denley, Spiramix 5) overnight (RT).
  • Polystyrene cuvettes containing a total sample volume of 2.0 ml were used.1.0 ml of asialofetuin coated zinc oxide was placed in the cuvette followed by an appropriate amount of TGS buffer. The bacterial suspension* (0.1 ml of A. naeslundii or S. sanguis ) was then added to initiate agglutination. The cuvettes were sealed and agitated prior to an initial absorbance reading.Subsequent readings were taken at two minute intervals for a twenty minute period (OD 600nm). Cuvettes were rotated at 25 rpm between readings. *Final OD (600nm) of bacterial suspensions was 1.0.
  • Control samples contained zinc oxide which was coated with the non-carbohydrate BSA which would not be recognised by the above bacterial lectins.
  • TEM was used to visualise the association of zinc with A. naeslundii within bacterial aggregates.Samples of test (asialofetuin coated zinc oxide + A.naeslundii ) and controls (BSA coated zinc oxide + A.naeslundii ; asialofetuin + lactose + A. naeslundii ) were dispensed onto transmission electron microscopy grids prior to viewing on a JEOL 200CX TEM at 80keV.
  • Results illustrated the ability of ⁇ -galactose residues, present on asialofetuin, to target colloidal zinc oxide to a specific site on A. naeslundii .
  • Figure 3/6 shows ⁇ -galactose specific agglutination of A . naeslundii by asialofetuin coated zinc oxide.
  • S. mutans an organism which produces acid from the metabolism of carbohydrates and has been associated with caries
  • BHI BHI (15% CO 2 ,37°C)
  • an inoculum of this culture made into fresh BHI (diluted 1/3) containing 4% sucrose.
  • Cultures were incubated (15% CO 2 ,37 0 C) and samples taken at time 0 and then at hourly intervals (up to 9 hours).
  • An equal volume of the bacterial aggregate ie asialofetuin coated zinc oxide and A. naeslundii ) containing 2mM of zinc oxide was added to the S. mutans suspension prior to incubation for up to 1 hour at 37°C. After this period samples were taken for pH determination and viable counts (CFU/ml).
  • Colloidal zinc oxide (0.03%) was added to a 0.25 mg/ml solution of antibacterial antibody (i.e. anti Streptococcus sanguis IgG) in Tris/HCl buffer, pH 9.1.
  • antibacterial antibody i.e. anti Streptococcus sanguis IgG
  • Tris/HCl buffer pH 9.1.
  • This suspension was mildly sonicated prior to end mixing on a rotary shaker (60rpm, Heidolph) for 5 hours. The suspension was then washed and centrifuged (10,000 rpm: 20 seconds, Eppendorf centrifuge) three times in Tris/HCl buffer to remove any excess antibody. Finally the pellet was resuspended in 1ml of buffer and stored at 4°C.
  • S.mutans was grown up overnight in BHI (15%CO 2 ,37°C) and an inoculum of this culture made into fresh BHI (diluted 1/3) containing 4% sucrose. Cultures were incubated (15%CO 2 ,37°C) and samples taken at time 0 and then at hourly intervals (up to 9 hours). An equal volume of antigen ( S. sanguis : see 1.1 (i) for preparation) was added to the bacterial suspension followed by the antibody coated zinc oxide containing 2 mM of zinc oxide. Samples were then incubated for up to 1 hour at 37°C. After this period samples were taken for pH determination and viable counts (CFU/ml).

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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  • Epidemiology (AREA)
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  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
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EP96200945A 1995-04-12 1996-04-11 Wundpflegemittel Withdrawn EP0737470A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96200945A EP0737470A1 (de) 1995-04-12 1996-04-11 Wundpflegemittel

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95302471 1995-04-12
EP95302471 1995-04-12
EP96200945A EP0737470A1 (de) 1995-04-12 1996-04-11 Wundpflegemittel

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007059438A1 (en) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-24 Colgate-Palmolive Company Particles that inhibit or reduce bacterial adhesion on an oral surface, related compositions and methods
US8106152B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2012-01-31 Dairy Australia Limited Antimicrobial composition
WO2012064319A1 (en) * 2010-11-08 2012-05-18 Colgate-Palmolive Company Oral compositions containing microaggregates
EP2630944A1 (de) 2012-02-23 2013-08-28 Edmund Herzog Teilchenzusammensetzung auf Siliciumbasis
WO2021064608A1 (en) * 2019-09-30 2021-04-08 Centitvc - Centro De Nanotecnologia E Materiais Técnicos Funcionais E Inteligentes Capsule for functionalizing a product, method and uses thereof

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0481701A1 (de) * 1990-10-15 1992-04-22 Unilever Plc Behandlungsmittel
WO1994026245A1 (en) * 1993-05-19 1994-11-24 Church & Dwight Co., Inc. Oral care compositions containing zinc oxide particles

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0481701A1 (de) * 1990-10-15 1992-04-22 Unilever Plc Behandlungsmittel
WO1994026245A1 (en) * 1993-05-19 1994-11-24 Church & Dwight Co., Inc. Oral care compositions containing zinc oxide particles

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8106152B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2012-01-31 Dairy Australia Limited Antimicrobial composition
WO2007059438A1 (en) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-24 Colgate-Palmolive Company Particles that inhibit or reduce bacterial adhesion on an oral surface, related compositions and methods
AU2006315194B2 (en) * 2005-11-10 2010-06-24 Colgate-Palmolive Company Particles that inhibit or reduce bacterial adhesion on an oral surface, related compositions and methods
AU2010224400B2 (en) * 2005-11-10 2011-06-23 Colgate-Palmolive Company Particles that inhibit or reduce bacterial adhesion on an oral surface, related compositions and methods
US8119162B2 (en) 2005-11-10 2012-02-21 Colgate-Palmolive Company Particles that disrupt or impede bacterial adhesion, related compositions and methods
US8211452B2 (en) 2005-11-10 2012-07-03 Colgate-Palmolive Company Particles that disrupt or impede bacterial adhesion, related compositions and methods
EP2561854A1 (de) * 2005-11-10 2013-02-27 Colgate-Palmolive Company Partikel zur Unterbrechung oder Verhinderung der Bakterienanhaftung, zugehörige Zusammensetzungen und Verfahren
WO2012064319A1 (en) * 2010-11-08 2012-05-18 Colgate-Palmolive Company Oral compositions containing microaggregates
CN103189037A (zh) * 2010-11-08 2013-07-03 高露洁-棕榄公司 含有微聚集体的口腔组合物
US9271906B2 (en) 2010-11-08 2016-03-01 Colgate-Palmolive Company Oral compositions containing microaggregates
EP2630944A1 (de) 2012-02-23 2013-08-28 Edmund Herzog Teilchenzusammensetzung auf Siliciumbasis
WO2021064608A1 (en) * 2019-09-30 2021-04-08 Centitvc - Centro De Nanotecnologia E Materiais Técnicos Funcionais E Inteligentes Capsule for functionalizing a product, method and uses thereof

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