EP0732452B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Stabilisierung van bindigen Böden mit ungenügender Tragfähigkeit - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Stabilisierung van bindigen Böden mit ungenügender Tragfähigkeit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0732452B1 EP0732452B1 EP96103299A EP96103299A EP0732452B1 EP 0732452 B1 EP0732452 B1 EP 0732452B1 EP 96103299 A EP96103299 A EP 96103299A EP 96103299 A EP96103299 A EP 96103299A EP 0732452 B1 EP0732452 B1 EP 0732452B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- worm
- piston
- soil
- displacement head
- loose material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 title claims 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 39
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 36
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 silicon oxide anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000226585 Antennaria plantaginifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009791 electrochemical migration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical class [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/08—Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a device according to the preamble of claim 5.
- Such a device is known from DE-GM 75 17 180. it consists of a screw conveyor in a tube that penetrates a hopper. At the lower end, the screw conveyor has a displacement head with which Help the surrounding soil is compacted. By simultaneously turning the screw conveyor lime should be pressed into the resulting cavity.
- This known device has the disadvantage that the pressed into the cavity Lime again when the displacement head is withdrawn from the cavity away can be. This does not form a lime column that solidifies the soil. Moreover the soil moisture penetrating into the guide tube provides a chemical Reaction of the quicklime so that it hardens and the screw conveyor this makes it unusable.
- the invention has for its object a method and an apparatus to create the type mentioned above, with the deep stabilizing piles with high Density can be produced.
- the creation of a stabilizing pile should take up little time and the device is easy to clean.
- stamped cavities prevent excessive air entrainment the bulk material.
- the finished bulk column therefore has a high density, and it is essentially free of air pockets.
- the screw conveyor also allows very quick introduction of the bulk material into the cavity. Contained in the bulk material Substances that initiate a solidification process in connection with water, can only with the Water from the surrounding floor area already react during the filling process. Only then does the chemical reaction of the bulk material with the soil begin in full.
- the stamp with the screw conveyor therefore remains clean, so that work breaks to clean the stamp are generally not carried out can.
- the screw conveyor can be manufactured in an open design. It is therefore particularly easy to clean if necessary.
- the bulk material already during pressing of the stamp into the floor in the resulting cavity saves Time and prevents soil material from entering the stamp or the aisles the screw conveyor.
- the screw conveyance is preferably carried out at a Speed of over 100 rpm. This is generally sufficient to remove the bulk material to press the stationary delivery channel. This is due to friction in the delivery channel Bulk material decelerated in the direction of rotation and under the influence of the incline of the screw conveyor promoted downwards.
- the screw conveyor with a To drive speed of over 250 U / min. In this case, it happens very quickly Conveying the bulk material, so that a chemical reaction between that in the soil contained water and the hydraulic material during the promotion largely is avoided.
- the application of the method steps according to claim 3 allows the creation very dense stabilizing piles.
- the substances specified in claim 4 are suitable in connection with the invention Procedure particularly good.
- An addition of hydraulic substances in the bulk material causes the surrounding soil area to be drained of water and Formation of a hard stabilizing pile with high inherent strength and thus high Load capacity.
- the use of quicklime in the creation of stabilizing piles works not only in the stake itself, but also in its immediate vicinity.
- the chemical reaction of quicklime with that present in the soil Water consumes large amounts of water and therefore dries the soil around it Stabilizing pile. This drying process is due to the strongly exothermic chemical reaction of the quicklime and the associated heat development reinforced.
- the floor reaches temperatures of over 200 ° C locally.
- the local in Divalent calcium ions present in the soil get through diffusion the extremely high ion concentration in the vicinity of the stabilizing pile.
- gypsum or cement as a hydraulic material enables education particularly strong and therefore extremely stable stabilizing piles. This is Particularly advantageous in cases where the stabilizing piles have higher inherent strengths be aimed for.
- the use of materials containing silicon oxide in the bulk material represents a very great challenge inexpensive yet effective implementation of stabilizing piles in simple soil conditions.
- the silicon oxide especially in powder form like quartz dust, works mainly due to its high specific surface and the associated greater solubility, especially in basic Milieu. It causes a through a long-term solidification process steady increase in inherent strength.
- the solubility of silicon oxides is below Normal conditions very low.
- silicate anions and solubility rises sharply.
- the application of a mixture of micro-silicon oxide and Quicklime as bulk material therefore leads to a surprisingly high solubility of Silicate anions and thus a particularly high strengthening of the stabilizing pile.
- the stabilization piles In order to achieve optimal soil stabilization, it is beneficial to use the stabilization piles to be arranged at approximately the same intervals.
- the stabilizing piles in this case create a spatial support system (pincushion).
- the stabilizing piles are formed in a grid pattern for solidification.
- several stabilizing piles are created at the same time, so that the time required for creation is reduced accordingly.
- the device according to claim 5 has been used to implement the invention Proven procedure.
- a frame on which a linear guide is supported is, the device gives the stability required for precise pressing to ensure the stamp in the ground. The result is a very safe one Alignment of the device so that an additional operator in the event of an accident Area omitted.
- the frame is preferably supported on locking bolts. This results in a particularly firm locking of the device on the floor. Horizontal swiveling movements of the device are reliably prevented. This is particularly important on slopes.
- An angle measuring device can be attached to the frame be provided. This enables the operator to easily Way to read the angle of inclination of the frame. Especially on uneven terrain can still ensure that the stabilizing piles are parallel to each other be ensured.
- the required pressure of the movable stamp is applied by means of an actuator.
- One provided at the free end of the stamp Displacement head makes it easier to press the stamp into the ground.
- the displacement head is designed to expand upwards because it hereby has a low injection resistance.
- the displacement head is preferred pointed at the bottom.
- the displacement head has a larger one Diameter than the screw conveyor provided on the punch. This has the special one Advantage that when the stamp is pressed into the bottom of the displacement head by displacing a cavity with a slightly larger diameter than the diameter of the screw conveyor.
- the screw conveyor is therefore for harder soils slightly spaced and caused by the cavity wall therefore only a low frictional resistance.
- the device according to the invention has the advantage that with a Stamp both the cavity can be created and filled without the stamp to pull out of the cavity beforehand. This enables a very time-saving creation of the stabilization piles.
- the cavity walls supported by the screw conveyor which increases in the case of very soft soils Meaning is. A flow of the surrounding soil material into the generated Cavity is therefore reliably prevented by the screw conveyor. Due to the rotationally symmetrical shape of the displacement head and thus the generated one Cavity this is favorably adapted to the symmetry of the screw. This ensures optimal transport of the bulk material into the cavity.
- the displacement head enlarged compared to the screw conveyor, ensures generation a cavity slightly larger in diameter than that Diameter of the screw conveyor. Since the cavity for the screw conveyor is one Conveyor channel, this allows a relatively low-friction rotation of the screw conveyor, which is particularly important for harder soils. For softer floors, the The diameter of the displacement head is generally even larger, to compensate for a flow of the surrounding material.
- the displacement head is essentially conical, so that when pressed in has a particularly low resistance in the ground.
- the opening angle the cone is preferably less than 120 °.
- the lower part of the displacement head from a central tip to its maximum Diameter conical.
- the application of the features of claim 6 is advantageous.
- This training of the stamp allows a maximum throughput of the bulk material through the Displacement head.
- the screw conveyor is pressed in after bottom direction turned.
- the displacement head preferably closes in the feed hopper downwards from the starting position of the screw conveyor. This allows easy transport of the device to the next location without that larger quantities of bulk goods that are still in the hopper get lost.
- a slot in the displacement head adapted to the pitch of the screw conveyor according to claim 7 allows when filling the cavity with the bulk material, this to guide particularly quickly through the displacement head.
- the bulk material can therefore be filled into the cavity with a relatively high compression pressure.
- At least one of the substances into the cavity via a central hollow shaft of the screw conveyor bring in.
- a substance for example water, an acid or another liquid, reaction-supporting component, through the central hollow shaft the screw conveyor is inserted into the cavity.
- the other substances are from the Conveyor screw transported.
- the reaction of these substances among themselves could be similar a combination of hardener and binder of a two-component adhesive his. Since these substances are only mixed in the cavity, there is a chemical reaction excluded in the area of the screw conveyor.
- the application of these process steps therefore allows the use of an extremely wide range of substances, from which the stabilizing piles can be built. This makes it possible method according to the invention optimally to the given conditions, such as soil properties, Adjust the desired load and maximum permissible settlement.
- a design of the actuator as a hydraulic motor enables particularly simple Way a power supply of the actuator from the on-board hydraulics of the operator Excavators or loaders.
- the rotary drive is preferably also a hydraulic motor educated. Hydraulic motors are very simple and robust at the same time, so that they are up to the rough field use.
- a cable or chain drive for power transmission according to claim 9 between the actuator and the sliding carriage is advantageous because it allow very large forces to be transmitted in a simple manner.
- a rope or a chain on both sides in the frame.
- the actuator works via a pulley or a take-up drum on the rope or chain.
- the Actuator can be fixed either in the frame or in the sliding carriage.
- the rope or chain is deflected several times like a pulley, so that the Movement of the actuator is reduced by the rope or chain drive.
- the achievable press-in force increases, whereby the rope or chain only with a fraction of the press-in force is loaded.
- the actuator and the rotary drive are preferably provided with a control device in operative connection, the rotational speed and the relationship between the Rotation speed and the pulling speed of the screw conveyor to predeterminable Regulates setpoints.
- This enables precise adjustment of the filling density in the cavity.
- the density of the resulting stabilizing pile can therefore be very precise the needs caused by the soil conditions, the desired load as well the maximum permitted settlement are specified, be adjusted. Because of the engagement from control devices the operator becomes sensitive by speed corrections of the actuator or rotary actuator. In particular with heterogeneous soils always achieved the same quality of the stabilizing piles.
- the features of claim 10 allow the device to be transported very easily to the place where the next stabilization pile is to be created.
- the excavator or loader is able to hold the device against the ground press to absorb the press-in force of the punch.
- the device can therefore have a lower overall weight.
- the manufacturing time of the Stabilizing piles according to the number of screw conveyors provided reduced. This is particularly advantageous if a larger area stabilizes or if there are many stabilization piles per surface. This means that several stabilization piles can be created at the same time.
- a common one Actuator and a common rotary drive are provided.
- a device 1 according to Figure 1 consists of a frame 2 in which a linear Guide 3 is supported.
- the device 1 is shown in section in the lower area.
- the frame 2 is designed as a frame 4 and gives the device 1 the Stability required for power transmission.
- the frame 2 is on a natural, soft bottom 5 fixed by means of locking bolts 6.
- the locking bolts 6 have Pads 7 on, so that the frame 2 in both horizontal and vertical Direction is fixed.
- Preferably three or four locking bolts 6 are provided.
- Above the center of gravity 8 of the device 1 there are connecting lugs 9 for connection provided with a boom of an excavator or a loader. These connection tabs 9 allow the device 1 to be simply moved to that position the next stabilizing pile is to be created, the device 1 at Transport remains in a stable position.
- a sliding carriage 10, on which an actuator 11 is provided, slides in the guide 3 is that the sliding carriage 10 both up and down under the action can move with a tensile or compressive force.
- the actuator 11 is preferably designed as a hydraulic motor. In this case, he can benefit from the hydraulic system of the excavator or loader. To enlarge the Power transmission 11 can have a gearbox.
- the chain drives 39 are provided for power transmission between the actuator 11 and the sliding carriage 10 .
- Two chain drives 39 are located in FIG. 1 immediately one after the other.
- the chain drives 39 are each of a chain 38 and deflecting gears 36, 36a, 37, 37a formed.
- the free ends of the chain 38 are defined at the top and bottom of frame 2.
- a gear 36a of each chain drive 39 is driven by the actuator 11.
- the gears 36a of the four chain drives 39 are thereby positively connected to one another, so that a single one for all chain drives 39 Actuator 11 is sufficient.
- the gears 36, 36a are rotatably mounted in the frame 2. They act on the chain 38 like fixed rollers.
- the gears 37, 37a are in Sliding carriage 10 rotatably mounted.
- the chain 38 forms 38 loose rollers for the chain, so that there is a pulley-like structure for the chain drive 39.
- the chain drive 39 therefore acts for the actuator 11 as a step-down gear, so that the achievable displacement force for the sliding carriage 10 increased accordingly.
- the chain 38 is only subjected to a fraction of the sliding carriage load.
- the chain 38 can therefore be made correspondingly weaker.
- the chain 38 could also be wholly or partially designed as a rope.
- the sliding carriage 10 is connected to a rotary drive 13 via a holder 12.
- the rotary drive 13 is also preferably a hydraulic motor. He is with one Stamp 14 connected, which is mounted in the sliding carriage 10 such that pressure or pulling forces directly absorbed by the sliding carriage 10 and by the rotary drive 13 be kept away.
- the stamp 14 has a central hollow shaft 15, which with a screw conveyor 16 is occupied. At the free end 17 of the stamp 14, this is with equipped with a displacement head 18.
- the displacement head 18 has a central tip 19, from which the displacement head 18 expands conically in the direction of the screw conveyor 16. In the upper region of the displacement head 18, the latter is cylindrical with a diameter D 1 of preferably over 100 mm.
- the displacement head 18 has a diameter D 1 , which is a little larger than the diameter D 2 of the screw conveyor 16.
- the displacement head 18 has one or two slots 20 which completely penetrate the displacement head 18.
- the slots 20 connect the space around the screw conveyor 16 with the space below the displacement head 18.
- the slots 20 penetrate the displacement head 18 at the angle of the pitch of the screw conveyor 16.
- the free end 21 of the hollow shaft 15 is open to the slots 20 of the displacement head 18.
- the shape of the slots 20 can be seen in particular from Figure 2, which is a view of the displacement head 18 shows from below.
- the slots 20 are pointed and inward designed to expand outwards.
- the slots 20 are curved. This allows optimal throughput of the bulk material 23 through the slots 20.
- a hopper 22 which can be filled with a bulk material 23.
- the bulk material 23 consists of one or more hydraulic substances, to which other substances can also be added if necessary.
- the filling funnel 22 has at its lower end 24 a pipe extension 25 which is penetrated by the screw conveyor 16.
- the tube extension 25 has an inner diameter D 3 which is slightly larger than the diameter D 2 of the screw conveyor 16, but smaller than the diameter D 1 of the displacement head 18. This allows a simple and low-friction displacement or rotation of the screw conveyor 16 in the tube extension 25, the displacement head 18 closing the filling funnel 22 on the underside in the starting position shown in FIG. 1. In this position of the stamp 14, the device 1 can therefore be transported very easily by an excavator or loader and placed at the next desired location without the bulk material 23 escaping through the tube extension 25 of the funnel 22.
- solder 27 is provided, which is around a point 28 is rotatably mounted.
- the inclination of the solder 27 relative to the frame 2 can be with Read off an angle measuring device 29 fixed in frame 2 on a scale 30.
- the device 1 has a plurality of stamps 14. These can advantageously be the same Carriage should be provided so that only one actuator 11 must be present.
- the method according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 8.
- the Device 1 is gripped on the connecting straps 9 by an excavator or loader and transported to the place where a stabilization pile is to be created. Then the device 1 is lowered onto the floor 5 so that the locking bolts 6 penetrate into the floor 5 according to FIG. 3, and the supports 7 on the surface 31 of the floor 5.
- the frame 2 is from the excavator or loader aligned so that the punch 14 in the desired direction of the stabilizing pile shows.
- the excavator operator can adjust the inclination of the frame 2 to the vertical easy to read from the relative position of the solder 27 to the scale 30.
- the stabilizing piles are created vertically. In special cases, preferably at stabilizing slopes, but are also deviating from the vertical direction Stabilization piles required.
- the sliding carriage 10 is moved downward in the direction of arrow 35 under the action of the actuator 11.
- the plunger 14 penetrates into the base 5 with its displacement head 18.
- the resulting counterforce is absorbed by the excavator or loader via the connecting plate 9.
- the displacement head 18 displaces the surrounding soil material and compresses it in its surroundings. This creates a cavity 40 which can be removed from FIG. 4. It has approximately the shape of a column, the diameter of the cavity 40 being determined by the diameter D 1 of the displacement head 18.
- the screw conveyor 16 provided above the displacement head 18 supports the cavity wall 41 as the die 14 advances. It stands still during the pressing in of the displacement head 18 or is driven in a downward conveying direction.
- the screw conveyor 16 is rotated in the direction of arrow 42. At the same time is fed to the hopper 22 bulk 23, and from the screw conveyor 16 transported in the direction of the displacement head 18.
- the bulk material 23 is thereby passed through the slots 20 in the displacement head 18. That way the space 43 below the displacement head 18 is filled with bulk material 23.
- a component of the bulk material 23 through the interior of the hollow shaft 15 in the room 43 are promoted. This is particularly useful if this Component reacts very quickly with the surrounding soil 5.
- a component of the bulk material 23 could also be conveyed into the space 43, which reacts chemically with another component of the bulk material 23.
- the stamp 14 is, as shown in Figure 6, in the direction of the arrow 44 pulled out of the cavity 40.
- the pulling speed of the Stamp 14 and the speed of rotation of the screw conveyor 16 are thus one on the other matched that the bulk material 23 under predetermined compression pressure is filled into the cavity 40.
- a powder column 45 shown in Figure 7 through the wall 41 to the bottom 5th is limited.
- the powder column 45 is formed by the filled bulk 23. in the The area of the wall 41 withdraws the hydraulic fluid present in the powder column 45 Fabric the surrounding soil 5 water 46, which in the direction of arrows 47 on the powder column 45 diffuses. In this way, the base 5 becomes around the powder column 45 dried out. At the same time, the water 46 reacts with the hydraulic substance in the Powder column 45 chemically, which leads to hardening of the powder column 45.
- the stabilizing pile 50 shown in FIG. 8 results. It has no defined interface to the surrounding soil 5. In the border area 51 between the stabilizing pile 50 and the floor 5 are positioned towards the center 52 of the Stabilizing pile 50 gradually increasing concentration of those ions were introduced with the bulk material 23. As a result of the ion migration and the irregular soil properties result in the depth of the stabilization pile 50 seen an irregular concentration profile of the ions.
- the stabilizing pile 50 therefore has a very intimate connection with the surrounding floor 5, so that he the floor 5 in the area around the stabilizing pile 50 solidified.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- eine Ansicht der Vorrichtung, die im unteren Bereich geschnitten dargestellt ist,
- Figur 2
- eine Ansicht des Verdrängungskopfes von unten,
- Figur 3
- die Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 1 schematisiert und in der Ausgangsstellung,
- Figur 4
- die Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 3 beim Erstellen eines Hohlraums durch Verdrängen,
- Figur 5
- die Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 3 mit voll ausgefahrenem Stempel,
- Figur 6
- die Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 3 beim Füllen des Hohlraums mit dem Schüttgut,
- Figur 7
- einen mit Schüttgut gefüllten Hohlraum und
- Figur 8
- einen fertig erstellten Stabilisierungspfahl.
- 1
- Vorrichtung
- 2
- Gestell
- 3
- Führung
- 4
- Rahmen
- 5
- Boden
- 6
- Arretierbolzen
- 7
- Auflage
- 8
- Schwerpunkt
- 9
- Anschlußlasche
- 10
- Schiebeschlitten
- 11
- Stellantrieb
- 12
- Halterung
- 13
- Drehantrieb
- 14
- Stempel
- 15
- Hohlwelle
- 16
- Förderschnecke
- 17
- freies Ende
- 18
- Verdrängungskopf
- 19
- Spitze
- 20
- Durchdringung
- 21
- freies Ende
- 22
- Einfülltrichter
- 23
- Schüttgut
- 24
- unteres Ende
- 25
- Rohransatz
- 26
- oberes Ende
- 27
- Lot
- 28
- Punkt17
- 29
- Winkelmeßvorrichtung
- 30
- Skala
- 31
- Oberfläche
- 35
- Pfeil
- 36,36a
- Zahnrad
- 37, 37a
- Zahnrad
- 38
- Kette
- 39
- Seil- oder Kettentrieb
- 40
- Hohlraum
- 41
- Wandung
- 42
- Pfeil
- 43
- Raum
- 44
- Pfeil
- 45
- Pulversäule
- 46
- Wasser
- 47
- Pfeil
- 50
- Stabilisierungspfahl
- 51
- Grenzbereich
- 52
- Zentrum
- D1
- Durchmesser des Verdrängungskopfs
- D2
- Durchmesser der Förderschnecke
- D3
- Innendurchmesser des Rohransatzes
- T
- Tiefe
Claims (12)
- Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von bindigen Böden (5) mit Stabilisierungspfählen (50), bei dem durch Einpressen eines mit der Förderschnecke (16) belegten Stempels (14) in den Boden (5) unter Verdrängung des umliegenden Bodenmaterials säulenförmige Hohlräume (40) hergestellt und mit einem Schüttgut (23) mittels Schneckenförderung durch Drehen (42) und gleichzeitiges axiales Bewegen (44) der Förderschnecke (16) gefüllt werden, wobei beim Einpressen des Stempels (14) in den Boden (5) das Schüttgut (23) in den entstehenden Raum (40) eingebracht wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der mit der Förderschnecke (16) belegte Stempel (14) zumindest beim Zurückziehen in Drehung versetzt und das Schüttgut (23) entgegen der Stempelbewegung (44) in den Hohlraum (40) gefördert wird, wobei die Wandung (41) des Hohlraums (40) bei der Schneckenförderung des Schüttguts (23) als Förderkanal verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Förderschnecke (16) während des Einpressens des Stempels in den Boden in Drehung (42) versetzt und das Schüttgut (23) in Richtung der Stempelbewegung (35) gefördert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei der Schneckenförderung des Schüttguts die Drehzahl und axiale Geschwindigkeit der Förderschnecke derart aufeinander abgestimmt werden, daß das Schüttgut unter Verdichtungsdruck in die Hohlräume gepreßt wird.
- Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hohlräume im wesentlichen mit Branntkalk und/oder Gips und/oder Zement und/oder mindestens einem hydraulischen Stoff und/oder siliziumoxidhaltigen Mineralien, vorzugsweise in Pulverform, gefüllt werden.
- Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Stabilisierungspfählen (50) in weichen Böden (5), bestehend aus mindestens einem Einfülltrichter (22) für ein Schüttgut (23) und mindestens einer diesen durchdringenden mit einer Förderschnecke (16) belegten Stempel (14), welcher mittels eines Drehantriebs (13) in Drehung versetzbar und mittels eines Stellantriebs (11) entlang einer an einem Gestell (2) der Vorrichtung (1) vorgesehenen linearen Führung (3) in den Boden eindrückbar ist, und am freien Ende (17) des Stempels (14) einen sich nach oben erweiternder Verdrängungskopf (18) trägt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verdrängungskopf (18) im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet ist, an seiner breitesten Stelle einen größeren Durchmesser (D1) als die Förderschnecke (16) aufweist und mindestens eine Durchdringung (20) aufweist, die den Raum an der Förderschnecke (16) mit dem Raum (43) unterhalb des Verdrängungskopfes (18) verbindet.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verdrängungskopf (18) von einem verstärkten Ende der Förderschnecke (16) gebildet ist, der zumindest im Bereich des freien Endes (17) mit mindestens zwei Wendeln ausgestattet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchdringung (20) des Verdrängungskopfes (18) im wesentlichen im Winkel der Steigung der Förderschnecke (16) gerichtet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Förderschnecke (16) eine über ihre gesamte Länge verlaufende Hohlwelle (15) aufweist, die zur Durchdringung (20) des Verdrängungskopfes (18) mindestens eine Öffnung bildet.
- Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stellantrieb (11) mit dem Schiebeschlitten (10) über mindestens einen Seil- und/oder Kettentrieb (39) in Wirkverbindung steht.
- Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Gestell (2) eine Halterung (9) zur Verbindung mit einem Bagger oder Lader vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gestell (2) mindestens zwei Förderschnecken (16) mit je einem Einfülltrichter (22) aufweist, die vorzugsweise von einem gemeinsamen Dreh- und Stellantrieb (13, 11) angetrieben sind.
- Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Gestell (2) Räder oder Ketten mit einem Antriebsmotor vorgesehen sind, und die Vorrichtung (1) als selbstfahrendes Gerät ausgebildet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19509053 | 1995-03-14 | ||
| DE1995109054 DE19509054C2 (de) | 1995-03-14 | 1995-03-14 | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Stabilisierungspfählen in bindigen Böden mit ungenügender Tragfähigkeit |
| DE19509054 | 1995-03-14 | ||
| DE1995109053 DE19509053A1 (de) | 1995-03-14 | 1995-03-14 | Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von bindigen Böden mit ungenügender Tragfähigkeit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0732452A1 EP0732452A1 (de) | 1996-09-18 |
| EP0732452B1 true EP0732452B1 (de) | 2000-01-05 |
Family
ID=26013327
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96103299A Expired - Lifetime EP0732452B1 (de) | 1995-03-14 | 1996-03-04 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Stabilisierung van bindigen Böden mit ungenügender Tragfähigkeit |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0732452B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3258227B2 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE188528T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE59604074D1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10219862B4 (de) * | 2002-05-03 | 2005-07-14 | Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh | Verfahren und Tiefbauvorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Gründungssäule in einem Boden |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1010918A3 (nl) * | 1997-02-12 | 1999-03-02 | Coelus Gaspar Jozef | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het inbrengen van korrelig materiaal in de grond. |
| ES2308095T3 (es) * | 2004-12-14 | 2008-12-01 | Bauer Maschinen Gmbh | Dispositivo y metodo para la produccion de un elemento de cimentacion. |
| JP2007056605A (ja) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-03-08 | Asahi Kasei Construction Materials Co Ltd | 液状化防止工法 |
| JP4709073B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-05 | 2011-06-22 | 旭化成建材株式会社 | 地盤改良工法 |
| JP5158555B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-11 | 2013-03-06 | 忠平 直哉 | 地盤改良工法 |
| KR101388099B1 (ko) * | 2013-07-23 | 2014-04-23 | 주식회사 언딘 | 진동억제 및 인양편의 구조를 가지는 스파이럴 파일 시공장치 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3604214A (en) * | 1968-08-16 | 1971-09-14 | Lee A Turzillo | Means and method of making columnar structures in situ |
| NL171608C (nl) * | 1973-06-15 | 1983-04-18 | Bos Kalis Westminster | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een zandpaal met een schroeftransporteur, welke het gat maakt en dit vult met zand. |
| JPS5850220A (ja) * | 1981-09-22 | 1983-03-24 | Asuku Kenkyusho:Kk | 地盤への杭の築造方法 |
-
1996
- 1996-03-04 EP EP96103299A patent/EP0732452B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-04 AT AT96103299T patent/ATE188528T1/de active
- 1996-03-04 DE DE59604074T patent/DE59604074D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-14 JP JP05767296A patent/JP3258227B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10219862B4 (de) * | 2002-05-03 | 2005-07-14 | Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh | Verfahren und Tiefbauvorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Gründungssäule in einem Boden |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0732452A1 (de) | 1996-09-18 |
| DE59604074D1 (de) | 2000-02-10 |
| JP3258227B2 (ja) | 2002-02-18 |
| JPH08291517A (ja) | 1996-11-05 |
| ATE188528T1 (de) | 2000-01-15 |
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