Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/90—Betaines

Definitions

• the invention relates to a storage-stable, concentrated surfactant composition consisting of betaines and alkyl glucosides.
• Alkyl glucosides correspond to the general formula RO- [G] p in which R is derived from a fatty alcohol residue and G stands for the glucose residue.
• R is derived from a fatty alcohol residue
• G stands for the glucose residue.
• One or more glucose residues can be bound to a fatty alcohol residue, which results in an average degree of oligomerization p via the glucose units.
• alkyl polyglucoside and alkyl oligoglucoside are therefore used for this product group.
• Alkyl glucosides are important non-ionic surfactants, which have found their way into detergents, dishwashing detergents and cleaning agents due to their good detergent properties and high environmental compatibility.
• alkyl glucosides available for a certain period of time, for example as aqueous solutions or pastes, until they are finished.
• aqueous alkyl glucosides show a strong tendency to crystallize, agglomerates containing water of crystallization form over time when stored under ambient conditions, which greatly reduce the pumpability of the products.
• alkyl glucosides are therefore not stored at room temperature, but at temperatures of at least 35 ° C. In this way, crystallization of the preparations can be largely prevented, but storage at elevated temperature is associated with additional effort and can also severely impair the color quality of the products.
• Crystallization moderators “proposed, such as alkyl oligoglycosides based on short-chain alcohols, polyethylene glycol or iron (III) ions, but which have the disadvantage that they impair the surfactant properties or the color.
• the object of the invention was therefore to find a concentrated surfactant composition based on alkyl glucosides, in which the glucosides can be stored at temperatures below 35 ° C. without the pumpability of the products being impaired by the formation of crystalline agglomerates.
• the mixing ratio between betaine and alkyl glucoside can be varied over a wide range from 9: 1 to 1: 9; the range from 7: 3 to 3: 7 is preferred, the total surfactant content should be between 25 and 50%, calculated as the solids content.
• a preferred alkyl residue distribution in the alkyl glucoside is C 8 ⁇ 3% C 10 ⁇ 3% C 12 50 to 100% C 14 10 to 40% C 16 0 to 15% C 18 0 to 10%
• low-temperature stability means the stability of a surfactant solution with 15% surfactant content at 5 ° C.
• Alkyl glycosides are known substances that can be obtained from fatty alcohols and reducing sugars (see, for example, EP-A1-0 301 298 and WO 90/3977).
• the alkyl glycosides can be derived from aldoses or ketoses with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose. Only the alkyl glucosides have gained technical importance.
• the index number p in the general formula (I) indicates the degree of oligomerization, i.e. H. the distribution of mono- and oligoglucosides, and stands for a number between 1 and 3. While p must always be an integer in a given compound, the value p for a certain alkyl glucoside is an analytically determined arithmetic quantity, which usually represents a fractional number . Alkyl glucosides with an average degree of oligomerization p of 1.1 to 3.0 are preferably used. From an application point of view, those alkyl glucosides are preferred whose degree of oligomerization is less than 1.7 and in particular between 1.2 and 1.6.
• the alkyl radical R 1 can be derived from primary alcohols having 4 to 22, preferably 12 to 14, carbon atoms. They are typically available as technical mixtures.
• Suitable betaines are described, for example, in the patents DE 29 26 479 and DE 42 07 386.
• the betaines generally have a fatty acid distribution that can be derived from natural or hardened fats.
• the fatty acid distributions derived from coconut fat or palm kernel fat should be mentioned here in particular.
• betaines that do not have the full spectrum of coconut fat. Examples are betaines with greatly reduced proportions of caprylic and capric residues or betaine which is derived exclusively from lauric acid.
• the mixtures according to the invention can be prepared by simply mixing commercially available alkyl glucoside and betaine solutions. Mixing can take place at room temperature or, in order to achieve a lower viscosity, at a slightly elevated temperature of 30 to 80 ° C. During the mixing process, other substances, e.g. B. needed to adjust a certain pH value, are added. Organic or inorganic acids and alkalis will be used for this purpose. A is preferred weakly acidic pH is adjusted using hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide solution.
• the mixtures can of course also be prepared from solid starting materials by dissolving them in water.
• the surfactant compositions according to the invention are stable on storage and show no tendency towards crystallization. They have an excellent surfactant effect and have excellent dirt-removing and skin-friendly properties. They are suitable for the production of detergents, dishwashing detergents and cleaning products, as well as hair and body care products, in which they are usually used in amounts of 3 to 30% (based on the aqueous preparation).
• customary ingredients such as cosurfactants, builders, dyes, viscosity regulators and fragrances can be added.
• Aqueous solutions are prepared from alkyl glucosides (APG) and coconut fatty acid amidopropyl betaines (CAPB).
• APG alkyl glucosides
• CAPB coconut fatty acid amidopropyl betaines
• solutions of the alkyl glucosides are characterized by the concentration, the distribution of the alkyl residues and the degree of oligomerization:
• the coconut fatty acid amidopropyl betaines are characterized by the concentration of betaine, fatty acid and sodium chloride as well as the distribution of the fatty acid residues of betaine and the fatty acid:
• aqueous solutions of the alkyl glucosides A or B are mixed with the coconut fatty acid amidopropyl betaine solutions C or D, so that the solutions listed in the table (Examples 1 to 6) are formed. This is done by placing the solution of coconut fatty acid amidopropylbetaine in a suitable glass vessel, heating to 50 to 55 ° C. and slowly adding the solution of the alkyl glucoside with stirring.
• the solutions are stored at 20 ° C for 3 months, and some are also stored at -5 ° C and +10 ° C for 2 weeks.
• the solutions of the pure alkyl glucosides are no longer flowable after storage for less than 2 weeks at 20 ° C due to the formation of crystalline fractions, while all solutions according to the invention which contain both alkyl glucoside and coconut fatty acid amidopropyl betaine remain unchanged even after 6 weeks of storage are liquid.
• compositions described in Examples 3 and 4 become milky and solid when stored at -5 ° C .; after heating to 20 ° C they have a stable condition that has not changed from the previous state. These compositions are also stable during a 2-week storage at +10 ° C, the viscosity at this temperature is expected to be higher than at 20 ° C, so that the solutions should preferably be handled at 20 ° C.

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• 1995
  • 1995-02-23 DE DE19506207A patent/DE19506207A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1995-11-09 EP EP95117675A patent/EP0728836A3/fr not_active Withdrawn

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