EP0727154B1 - Apparatus and method for removing long fibrous foreign materials from tobacco - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for removing long fibrous foreign materials from tobacco Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0727154B1 EP0727154B1 EP96102288A EP96102288A EP0727154B1 EP 0727154 B1 EP0727154 B1 EP 0727154B1 EP 96102288 A EP96102288 A EP 96102288A EP 96102288 A EP96102288 A EP 96102288A EP 0727154 B1 EP0727154 B1 EP 0727154B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rollers
- roller
- needles
- cleaning device
- knife
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B1/00—Preparation of tobacco on the plantation
- A24B1/04—Sifting, sorting, cleaning or removing impurities from tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
Definitions
- the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for Removing long-fiber foreign substances from tobacco before it Processing into cigarettes.
- the tobacco to be processed in a cigarette machine can despite the necessary care in harvesting and shipping contain foreign bodies and foreign substances by the producer, that must not get into the cigarette machine, damage to the machine and negative effects exclude the quality of the cigarettes. Grainy foreign bodies like metal parts, characterized by their shape and weight clearly distinguishable from tobacco can be separated by suitable Eliminate detectors relatively easily. On the other hand prepare fibrous components that have a similar consistency such as tobacco have significant problems. The especially applies to fibers that result from shipping occasionally loosen the jute sacks used and get into the tobacco. Such fibers differ from the tobacco particles practically only by their larger Length.
- a cleaning device is known from EP 046 63 49, with the pollutants and other substances removed from the tobacco become.
- This cleaning device has comb rollers on which the substance to be cleaned is given up.
- the comb rollers are provided with a layer with the small tick radially protrude outwards.
- This layer consists of the material known under the trade name "Velcro". To the protruding ticks of this layer get caught Pollutants that are present in tobacco, so that these foreign bodies circulate with the comb rollers.
- the comb rollers must therefore cleaned of foreign bodies at regular intervals become.
- the disadvantage of the device shown is the low Cleaning effect of the "Velcro" layer since the above Check marks are elastic, so that heavier foreign bodies are badly taken away from this layer. Further the cleaning layer has to be laboriously cleaned or replaced if it is clogged with foreign bodies.
- the invention has for its object a device create, with the help of long-fiber foreign matter from the Tobacco intended for processing in a cigarette machine can be removed.
- the degree of cleaning should be improved over known devices and a created an easy way to clean the detergent become.
- the device according to the invention has several in parallel juxtaposed rollers on their Outer periphery with a variety of radially outward facing Needles are provided and run in the same direction of rotation. Move the top peripheral surfaces of the rollers thereby moving and moving in essentially the same direction onto the rearmost roller in this direction of movement added tobacco one by one to the foremost roller. Small tobacco particles that fall between the rollers are caught underneath and added to the rest of the tobacco.
- All needles advantageously have the same length of 5 to 30 mm, preferably 10 mm, and a mutual Distance from 1.5 to 15 mm, preferably 3 mm.
- the between the tips of the needles of two adjacent rollers existing gap is 0.0 to 80 mm, preferably 50 mm wide, with an outside diameter of the rolls of 150 to 300 mm, preferably 200 mm.
- rollers can be arranged in an open housing be and lie next to each other at the same height. But it is also possible to arrange them inclined to the horizontal, so that there is a slight slope in the direction of the transported tobacco.
- rollers There are preferably two sets of rollers, alternately be loaded with the tobacco to be cleaned.
- the rollers provided with a scratch tape on its circumference are provided with a scratch tape on its circumference.
- a scratch tape is an elastic band from which is arranged obliquely Protruding steel needles. This scratch tape is easy to make, by putting a variety of staples through a tape with a textile layer and an elastic Plastic layer can be carried out. With the scratch tape the rollers with the needles protruding outwards easy and cheap to manufacture by putting the scraper tape on cylindrical rollers is wound.
- a cleaning device is provided, which between foreign substances attached to the needles are removed. This eliminates the tedious manual cleaning of the rollers so that none Rollers must be provided for replacement when the Rollers with foreign bodies are clogged. Such a cleaning device shortens the cleaning process, the Rolls are cleaned very thoroughly.
- the cleaning device preferably has at least one Cleaning roller, which is provided with knife disks.
- a simple and thorough cleaning can be achieved when the needles are arranged in rows and the knife disks engage between two rows of needles. In order to wear is also kept low, since the individual The needles are not damaged and the knife discs on the Comb soft roller surface.
- roller of the cleaning device in Is driven circumferentially, there is no separate Axial drive.
- the feed is rather from the rotating, spirally arranged needles that with friction against the side surfaces of the knife discs Device fit and the cleaning roller axially move forward.
- the device consists of a rectangular frame 1 with a support 2 arranged in the middle thereof, one Floor 3 bears.
- the bottom 3 is about the axis of the support 2 rotatable and also in the manner shown in Fig. 1 inclined towards the horizontal.
- On the floor 3 are next to each other two rectangular housing 4 arranged, consisting from a bottom and four side walls, while the top is open.
- each housing 4 are adjacent and axially parallel seven rollers 5 stored, each by a common Drive 6 are driven in the same direction of rotation.
- the Direction of rotation is such that the tops of the side by side Roll against the direction of the slope turn, i.e. the rollers 5 indicated in FIG. 1 rotate clockwise.
- the rollers 5 have a diameter of about 200 mm and are equipped with a large number of short needles 7 on its outer circumference, which protrude radially outwards.
- the needles are all the same length with a length of approx. 10 mm and are tight side by side.
- the individual rollers are spaced from each other that between the peaks opposite each other There is a distance of about 50 mm between the needles.
- a feed opens on the right for the tobacco to be processed in the form of a slide 8, while a removal conveyor is provided on the right, which in the illustrated embodiment formed as a conveyor belt 9 is.
- a removal conveyor is provided on the right, which in the illustrated embodiment formed as a conveyor belt 9 is.
- the housing 4 can also be placed on a suitable one Guide can be arranged horizontally.
- the tobacco is continuously on the chute 8 on the rollers 5 abandoned, which rotate at high speed.
- the short-fibered Tobacco particles are thereby from the top of the rollers with the needles taken along and arrive this way from one roller to the adjacent.
- Smaller tobacco particles, that are more grain-shaped occur occasionally through the narrow gap between the rollers and fall due to their own weight and the centrifugal force of the rollers on the bottom of the housing 4. These particles are on Exit end of the housing 4 again with the fibrous tobacco particles united.
- the drive 6 is stopped briefly and the waiting housing 4 by turning the Bottom 3 or moving the housing under the slide 9. Operation can then be resumed immediately.
- the Foreign substances are removed by suitable means.
- FIG. 4 is another exemplary embodiment of the invention shown, in which a cleaning device 10 is provided is.
- the cleaning device 10 is located above a Roller 5 and has two cleaning rollers 11 through a belt 13 and a drive unit 12 are driven.
- the cleaning device 10 is on a guide rail 14 movably supported by two guides 15 so that them along the guide rail 14 in the axial direction can be moved.
- the scratch tape consists of a textile layer, the facing the roller 5 and an elastic plastic layer, which is attached to the textile layer.
- Both layers are made up of a variety of staples Steel carried out above the elastic Plastic layer are slightly inclined.
- the tops of the Staples form the needles 7.
- the staples are included arranged in rows so that individual grooves 17 between neighboring needles 7 arise, which are a distance of about Have 1.5 mm.
- the surface is at the end of the needle tips perpendicular to the radial direction when the scraper belt is on the Roller 5 is applied. By the inclination of the individual Needles 7 result on the surface of the end of the needles 7 different angles on the edge to this surface.
- the cleaning rollers 11 have the same direction of rotation as that Roller 5 so that the cleaning rollers 11th arranged knife disks 18 and the roller 5 on the contact surface move in the opposite direction. Due to the spiral arrangement of the scratching tape and that through the individual needles 7 formed grooves 17, the entire cleaning device 10 moved in the axial direction. A drive for the feed not necessary.
- the hardened knife disc 18 several knife teeth 19, the circumferential angle 15 ° on the cutter disc 18.
- Each knife tooth 19 has on its front a cutting surface 20.
- the knife disc 18 is guided in the groove 17 formed by needles 7, the knife teeth 19 the foreign matter from the groove 17 remove.
- the foreign bodies are caused by the rotary motion the cutter disc 18 in the direction of rotation of the cutter disc 18 taken and sucked through a suction pipe 21.
- the suction pipe 21 has an attachment on the cleaning device is firmly mounted and therefore follows every movement.
- the Diameter is about 80 mm.
- the knife disks 18 on the cleaning rollers 11 are against each other staggered so that the knife teeth 19 of the a knife disk 18 are then in contact with the roller 5, if in the adjacent knife disc 18 just by a There is a gap between the teeth and the roller 5. This ensures an uninterrupted support of the cleaning rollers 11 the roller 5.
- the cleaning device 10 As soon as the cleaning device 10 reaches the edge region of a Has reached roller 5, the cleaning device from the Lifted roller 5 and placed on the next roller 5. On the next roller 5 is the scraper belt in the opposite Direction coiled spirally so that the cleaning device 10 from one end of the roller 5 to the other end the roller 5 is guided and thereby a meandering Cleaning pattern is created ..
- the cleaning process is always carried out when none Tobacco is transported over the rollers 5.
- the control of the Cleaning device can be done automatically or manually.
- the speed of the roller 5 to about 15% of their normal rotation speed better grasp and separate the foreign bodies on the roller 5 to be able to.
- the rotation speed of the cleaning roller 11 is approximately the same as the speed of rotation of the rollers 5 during the cleaning process.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Entfernen von langfaserigen Fremdstoffen aus Tabak vor dessen Weiterverarbeitung zu Zigaretten.The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for Removing long-fiber foreign substances from tobacco before it Processing into cigarettes.
Der in einer Zigarettenmaschine zu verarbeitende Tabak kann trotz der erforderlichen Sorgfalt bei der Ernte und dem Versand durch den Produzenten Fremdkörper und Fremdstoffe enthalten, die nicht in die Zigarettenmaschine gelangen dürfen, um Beschädigungen der Maschine und negative Auswirkungen auf die Qualität der Zigaretten auszuschließen. Körnige Fremdkörper wie Metallteile, die sich durch ihre Form und ihr Gewicht deutlich von dem Tabak unterscheiden, lassen sich durch geeignete Detektoren verhältnismäßig leicht ausscheiden. Dagegen bereiten faserige Bestandteile, die eine ähnliche Konsistenz wie der Tabak aufweisen, beträchtliche Probleme. Das gilt insbesondere für Fasern, die sich aus den für den Versand des Tabaks verwendeten Jutesäcken gelegentlich lösen und in den Tabak gelangen. Solche Fasern unterscheiden sich von dem Tabakpartikeln praktisch lediglich durch ihre größere Länge. The tobacco to be processed in a cigarette machine can despite the necessary care in harvesting and shipping contain foreign bodies and foreign substances by the producer, that must not get into the cigarette machine, damage to the machine and negative effects exclude the quality of the cigarettes. Grainy foreign bodies like metal parts, characterized by their shape and weight clearly distinguishable from tobacco can be separated by suitable Eliminate detectors relatively easily. On the other hand prepare fibrous components that have a similar consistency such as tobacco have significant problems. The especially applies to fibers that result from shipping occasionally loosen the jute sacks used and get into the tobacco. Such fibers differ from the tobacco particles practically only by their larger Length.
Aus der EP 046 63 49 ist eine Reinigungsvorrichtung bekannt, mit der Schadstoffe und andere Stoffe aus dem Tabak entfernt werden. Diese Reinigungsvorrichtung besitzt Kammwalzen, auf die der zu reinigende Stoff aufgegeben wird. Die Kammwalzen sind mit einer Schicht versehen, bei der kleine Häkchen radial nach außen hervorstehen. Diese Schicht besteht aus dem unter dem Handelsnamen bekannten Material "Velcro". An den vorstehenden Häkchen dieser Schicht verfangen sich Schadstoffe, die im Tabak vorhanden sind, so daß diese Fremdkörper mit den Kammwalzen umlaufen. Die Kammwalzen müssen daher in regelmäßigen Abständen von den Fremdkörpern gereinigt werden. Nachteilig an der gezeigten Vorrichtung ist die geringe Reinigungswirkung der "Velcro"-Schicht, da die vorstehenden Häkchen elastisch sind, so daß schwerere Fremdkörper nur schlecht von dieser Schicht mitgenommen werden. Ferner muß die Reinigungsschicht mühsam gereinigt oder ausgewechselt werden, wenn sie mit Fremdkörpern zugesetzt ist.A cleaning device is known from EP 046 63 49, with the pollutants and other substances removed from the tobacco become. This cleaning device has comb rollers on which the substance to be cleaned is given up. The comb rollers are provided with a layer with the small tick radially protrude outwards. This layer consists of the material known under the trade name "Velcro". To the protruding ticks of this layer get caught Pollutants that are present in tobacco, so that these foreign bodies circulate with the comb rollers. The comb rollers must therefore cleaned of foreign bodies at regular intervals become. The disadvantage of the device shown is the low Cleaning effect of the "Velcro" layer since the above Check marks are elastic, so that heavier foreign bodies are badly taken away from this layer. Further the cleaning layer has to be laboriously cleaned or replaced if it is clogged with foreign bodies.
Aus US 2,246,851 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Separieren von Nußschalen und Stücken des Nußinneren aus einem Gemenge derselben bekannt.From US 2,246,851 a device for separating Nut shells and pieces of the nut inside from one Batches of the same known.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit deren Hilfe langfaserige Fremdstoffe aus dem zur Verarbeitung in einer Zigarettenmaschine bestimmten Tabak entfernt werden können. Dabei soll der Reinigungsgrad gegenüber bekannten Vorrichtungen verbessert werden und eine einfache Möglichkeit zur Reinigung der Reinigungsmittel geschaffen werden.The invention has for its object a device create, with the help of long-fiber foreign matter from the Tobacco intended for processing in a cigarette machine can be removed. The degree of cleaning should be improved over known devices and a created an easy way to clean the detergent become.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 29.To solve the problem is accomplished by the features of the claims 1 and 29.
Hiernach weist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mehrere parallel nebeneinander angeordnete Walzen auf, die an ihrem Außenumfang mit einer Vielzahl von radial nach außen gerichteten Nadeln versehen sind und in gleicher Drehrichtung umlaufen. Die obenliegenden Umfangsflächen der Walzen bewegen sich dadurch im wesentlichen in derselben Richtung und bewegen den auf die in dieser Bewegungsrichtung hintersten Walze aufgegebenen Tabak nacheinander bis zu der vordersten Walze. Kleine Tabakteilchen, die zwischen den Walzen durchfallen, werden darunter aufgefangen und dem übrigen Tabak wieder beigemischt.According to this, the device according to the invention has several in parallel juxtaposed rollers on their Outer periphery with a variety of radially outward facing Needles are provided and run in the same direction of rotation. Move the top peripheral surfaces of the rollers thereby moving and moving in essentially the same direction onto the rearmost roller in this direction of movement added tobacco one by one to the foremost roller. Small tobacco particles that fall between the rollers are caught underneath and added to the rest of the tobacco.
Langfaserige Teile dagegen, wie Jutefasern und Bindfäden, werden von den Nadeln mitgenommen und um eine der Walzen gewickelt, so daß sie sich nicht mehr ohne Fremdeinwirkung von dieser lösen können. Wenn sich nach längerer Betriebszeit eine größere Menge von Fäden und Fasern in den Walzen festgesetzt hat, werden die Walzen angehalten, um ihre Oberflächen von diesen Fremdstoffe zu befreien. Sofern der Betrieb kontinuierlich fortgesetzt werden soll, wird ein zweiter Satz von Walzen bereitgehalten, der abwechselnd mit dem ersten Walzensatz betrieben wird. Der verunreinigte Walzensatz wird dann durch Auskämmer der Fasern wieder gesäubert oder durch den Einsatz einer Reinigungsvorrichtung gereinigt.Long-fiber parts, however, such as jute fibers and twine, are picked up by the needles and wrapped around one of the rollers, so that they can no longer do without external influence can solve this. If after a long period of operation a larger amount of threads and fibers are set in the rollers the rollers are stopped to their surfaces rid of these foreign substances. Provided the operation is continuous to be continued, a second sentence of Rolls kept ready, alternating with the first set of rolls is operated. The contaminated roller set is then cleaned by combing out the fibers or by Use of a cleaning device cleaned.
Es haben vorteilhaft sämtliche Nadeln eine gleiche Länge von 5 bis 30 mm, vorzugsweise 10 mm, und einen gegenseitigen Abstand von 1,5 bis 15 mm, vorzugsweise 3 mm. Der zwischen den Spitzen der Nadeln zweier nebeneinanderliegender Walzen vorhandene Spalt ist 0,0 bis 80 mm, vorzugsweise 50 mm breit, bei einem Außendurchmesser der Walzen von 150 bis 300 mm, vorzugsweise 200 mm.All needles advantageously have the same length of 5 to 30 mm, preferably 10 mm, and a mutual Distance from 1.5 to 15 mm, preferably 3 mm. The between the tips of the needles of two adjacent rollers existing gap is 0.0 to 80 mm, preferably 50 mm wide, with an outside diameter of the rolls of 150 to 300 mm, preferably 200 mm.
Die Walzen können in einem oben offenen Gehäuse angeordnet sein und in gleicher Höhe nebeneinanderliegen. Es ist aber auch möglich, sie gegenüber der Waagerechten geneigt anzuordnen, so daß sich ein leichtes Gefälle in der Richtung des transportierten Tabaks ergibt.The rollers can be arranged in an open housing be and lie next to each other at the same height. But it is also possible to arrange them inclined to the horizontal, so that there is a slight slope in the direction of the transported tobacco.
Vorzugsweise sind zwei Sätze von Walzen vorhanden, die abwechselnd mit dem zu reinigenden Tabak beschickt werden.There are preferably two sets of rollers, alternately be loaded with the tobacco to be cleaned.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Walzen an ihrem Umfang mit einem Kratzenband versehen. Ein Kratzenband ist ein elastisches Band, aus dem schräg angeordnete Stahlnadeln hervorstehen. Dieses Kratzenband ist einfach herstellbar, indem eine Vielzahl von Heftklammern durch ein Band mit einer Textilschicht und einer elastischen Kunststoffschicht durchgeführt werden. Mit dem Kratzenband lassen sich die Walzen mit den nach außen abstehenden Nadeln einfach und billig herstellen, indem das Kratzenband auf zylinderförmige Walzen aufgewickelt wird.In a further embodiment of the invention, the rollers provided with a scratch tape on its circumference. A scratch tape is an elastic band from which is arranged obliquely Protruding steel needles. This scratch tape is easy to make, by putting a variety of staples through a tape with a textile layer and an elastic Plastic layer can be carried out. With the scratch tape the rollers with the needles protruding outwards easy and cheap to manufacture by putting the scraper tape on cylindrical rollers is wound.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist eine Reinigungsvorrichtung vorgesehen, die die zwischen den Nadeln angelagerten Fremdstoffe entfernt. Dadurch entfällt das mühsame manuelle Reinigen der Walzen, so daß keine Walzen zum Auswechseln vorgesehen werden müssen, wenn die Walzen mit Fremdkörpern zugesetzt sind. Eine solche Reinigungsvorrichtung verkürzt den Reinigungsvorgang, wobei die Walzen sehr gründlich gereinigt werden.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention a cleaning device is provided, which between foreign substances attached to the needles are removed. This eliminates the tedious manual cleaning of the rollers so that none Rollers must be provided for replacement when the Rollers with foreign bodies are clogged. Such a cleaning device shortens the cleaning process, the Rolls are cleaned very thoroughly.
Vorzugsweise weist die Reinigungsvorrichtung mindestens eine Reinigungswalze auf, die mit Messerscheiben versehen ist. Eine einfache und gründliche Reinigung läßt sich erzielen, wenn die Nadeln reihenförmig angeordnet sind und die Messerscheiben jeweils zwischen zwei Nadelreihen eingreifen. Damit wird auch der Verschleiß gering gehalten, da die einzelnen Nadeln nicht beschädigt werden und die Messerscheiben auf der weichen Walzenoberfläche kämmen.The cleaning device preferably has at least one Cleaning roller, which is provided with knife disks. A simple and thorough cleaning can be achieved when the needles are arranged in rows and the knife disks engage between two rows of needles. In order to wear is also kept low, since the individual The needles are not damaged and the knife discs on the Comb soft roller surface.
Während die Walze der Reinigungsvorrichtung in Umfangsrichtung angetrieben ist, erfolgt kein gesonderter Antrieb in Axialrichtung. Der Vorschub wird vielmehr von den rotierenden, spiralförmig angeordneten Nadeln bewirkt, die unter Reibung gegen die Seitenflächen der Messerscheiben der Vorrichtung anliegen und die Reinigungswalze axial vorwärtsbewegen.While the roller of the cleaning device in Is driven circumferentially, there is no separate Axial drive. The feed is rather from the rotating, spirally arranged needles that with friction against the side surfaces of the knife discs Device fit and the cleaning roller axially move forward.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet. Advantageous embodiments are in the further claims characterized.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in einem Schnitt entlang der Linie I-I von Fig. 2,
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3
- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Walze,
- Fig. 4
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Walze mit einer Reinigungsvorrichtung, und
- Fig. 5
- eine vergrößerte geschnittene Teilansicht einer Messerscheibe der Reinigungsvorrichtung auf einer Walze.
- Fig. 1
- 2 shows a device according to the invention in a section along the line II of FIG. 2,
- Fig. 2
- 2 shows a plan view of the device according to FIG. 1,
- Fig. 3
- a perspective view of a roller,
- Fig. 4
- a cross section through a roller with a cleaning device, and
- Fig. 5
- an enlarged sectional partial view of a knife disc of the cleaning device on a roller.
Die Vorrichtung besteht aus einem rechteckigen Gestell 1 mit
einer in dessen Mitte angeordneten Abstützung 2, die einen
Boden 3 trägt. Der Boden 3 ist um die Achse der Abstützung 2
drehbar und außerdem in der aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen Weise
gegenüber der Waagerechten geneigt. Auf dem Boden 3 sind nebeneinander
zwei rechteckige Gehäuse 4 angeordnet, bestehend
aus einem Boden und vier Seitenwänden, während die Oberseite
offen ist.The device consists of a rectangular frame 1 with
a support 2 arranged in the middle thereof, one
In jedem Gehäuse 4 sind nebeneinanderliegend und achsparallel
sieben Walzen 5 gelagert, die jeweils durch einen gemeinsamen
Antrieb 6 in derselben Drehrichtung angetrieben werden. Die
Drehrichtung ist dabei derart, daß die Oberseiten der nebeneinanderliegenden
Walzen sich gegen die Richtung des Gefälles
drehen, d.h. die in Fig. 1 angedeuteten Walzen 5 drehen sich
in Uhrzeigerrichtung.In each
Die Walzen 5 haben einen Durchmesser von etwa 200 mm und sind
auf ihrem Außenumfang mit einer Vielzahl kurzer Nadeln 7 bestückt,
die radial nach außen abstehen. Die Nadeln sind alle
gleich lang mit einer Länge von ca. 10 mm und stehen dicht
nebeneinander. Die einzelnen Walzen sind so voneinander beabstandet,
daß zwischen den Spitzen einander gegenüberliegender
Nadeln ein Abstand von etwa 50 mm vorhanden ist.The
In das in Fig. 1 sichtbare Gehäuse 4 mündet rechts eine Zufuhr
für den aufzubereitenden Tabak in Form einer Rutsche 8,
während rechts ein Abfuhrförderer vorgesehen ist, der in dem
dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als Förderband 9 ausgebildet
ist. Wie die Zeichnung erkennen läßt, können durch Drehen
des Bodens 3 um die Achse der Abstützung 2 die beiden Gehäuse
4 wechselweise an die Rutsche 8 und das Förderband 9 angeschlossen
werden.In the
Alternativ können die Gehäuse 4 auch auf einer geeigneten
Führung waagerecht verschiebbar angeordnet werden.Alternatively, the
Der Tabak wird kontinuierlich über die Rutsche 8 auf die Walzen
5 aufgegeben, die mit hoher Drehzahl umlaufen. Die kurzfaserigen
Tabakpartikel werden dabei von der Oberseite der
mit den Nadeln besetzten Walzen mitgenommen und gelangen auf
diese Weise von einer Walze zu der angrenzenden. Kleinere Tabakpartikel,
die eher kornförmig sind, treten gelegentlich
durch den schmalen Spalt zwischen den Walzen und fallen aufgrund
ihres Eigengewichtes und der Zentrifugalkraft der Walzen
auf den Boden des Gehäuses 4. Diese Partikel werden am
Austrittsende des Gehäuses 4 wieder mit den faserigen Tabakpartikeln
vereinigt.The tobacco is continuously on the chute 8 on the
Längere, aus Fremdstoffen bestehende Fasern wie etwa Jutefasern
oder Bindfäden, werden von den Nadeln 7 einer Walze erfaßt
und um die Walze gewickelt. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß
solche Fasern fest an den Walzen haften und sich während des
Betriebes nicht mehr von ihnen lösen. Sie werden auf diese
Weise zuverlässig und vollständig aus dem Tabak ausgesondert. Longer fibers made of foreign substances such as jute fibers
or twine, are gripped by the
Wenn eine oder mehrere der Walzen 5 mit faserigen Fremdstoffen
zugesetzt sind, wird der Antrieb 6 kurz angehalten und
das in Wartestellung befindliche Gehäuse 4 durch Drehen des
Bodens 3 oder Verschieben der Gehäuse unter die Rutsche 9 gebracht.
Der Betrieb kann dann sofort wieder aufgenommen werden.
Von den in Wartestellung befindlichen Walzen werden die
Fremdstoffe durch geeignete Mittel entfernt.If one or more of the
In Fig. 4 ist ein weiteres Auführungsbeispiel der Erfindung
gezeigt, bei dem eine Reinigungsvorrichtung 10 vorgesehen
ist. Die Reinigungsvorrichtung 10 befindet sich oberhalb einer
Walze 5 und weist zwei Reinigungswalzen 11 auf, die durch
einen Riemen 13 und eine Antriebseinheit 12 angetrieben werden.
Die Reinigungsvorrichtung 10 ist auf einer Führungsschiene
14 durch zwei Führungen 15 beweglich gelagert, so daß
sie entlang der Führungsschiene 14 in axialer Richtung
verschoben werden kann.4 is another exemplary embodiment of the invention
shown, in which a cleaning device 10 is provided
is. The cleaning device 10 is located above a
Auf der Walze 5 ist ein Kratzenband spiralförmig aufgewickelt.
Das Kratzenband besteht aus einer Textilschicht, die
der Walze 5 zugewandt ist, und einer elastischen Kunststoffschicht,
die auf der Textilschicht befestigt ist. Durch diese
beiden Schichten sind eine Vielzahl von Heftklammern aus
Stahl durchgeführt, die oberhalb der elastischen
Kunststoffschicht leicht geneigt sind. Die Spitzen der
Heftklammern bilden die Nadeln 7. Die Heftklammern sind dabei
reihenförmig angeordnet, so daß einzelne Rillen 17 zwischen
benachbarten Nadeln 7 entstehen, die einen Abstand von etwa
1,5 mm haben. Die Oberfläche am Ende der Nadelnspitzen ist
senkrecht zur radialen Richtung, wenn das Kratzenband auf die
Walze 5 aufgebracht ist. Durch die Neigung der einzelnen
Nadeln 7 ergeben sich an der Oberfläche des Endes der Nadeln
7 unterschiedliche Winkel an der Kante zu dieser Oberfläche.
In Neigungsrichtung läßt sich ein Gegenstand bequem über das
Kratzenband führen, da die Vorderkante dann einen
Kantenwinkel von ca. 120° besitzt. Gegen die Neigungsrichtung
der Nadeln 7 ergibt sich durch die Anordnung ein großer
Reibungswiderstand, wobei auch ein Verhaken der Nadeln 7 mit
dem Gegenstand möglich ist, da die Vorderkante an den
Nadelspitzen einen Winkel von etwa 60° aufweist.On the
Die Reinigungswalzen 11 weisen dieselbe Drehrichtung wie die
Walze 5 auf, so daß sich auf den Reinigungswalzen 11
angeordnete Messerscheiben 18 und die Walze 5 an der Kontaktfläche
in Gegenrichtung bewegen. Durch die spiralförmige Anordnung
des Kratzenbandes und der durch die einzelnen Nadeln
7 gebildeten Rillen 17 wird die gesamte Reinigungsvorrichtung
10 in axialer Richtung bewegt. Ein Antrieb für den Vorschub
ist nicht erforderlich.The cleaning
Wie aus Fig. 5 ersichtlich ist, weist die gehärtete Messerscheibe
18 mehrere Messerzähne 19 auf, deren Umfangswinkel
15° auf der Messerscheibe 18 beträgt. Jeder Messerzähn 19 hat
an seiner Vorderseite eine Schneidfläche 20. Die Messerscheibe
18 wird in der von Nadeln 7 gebildeten Rille 17 geführt,
wobei die Messerzähne 19 die Fremdkörper aus der Rille
17 entfernen. Die Fremdkörper werden durch die Drehbewegung
der Messerscheibe 18 in Drehrichtung der Messerscheibe 18
mitgenommen und durch ein Saugrohr 21 abgesaugt. Das Saugrohr
21 hat dabei einen Aufsatz, der an der Reinigungsvorrichtung
fest montiert ist und somit jede Bewegung mitmacht. Der
Durchmesser beträgt etwa 80 mm.As can be seen from Fig. 5, the
Die Messerscheiben 18 auf den Reinigungswalzen 11 sind gegeneinander
versetzt angeordnet, so daß die Messerzähne 19 der
einen Messerscheibe 18 dann mit der Walze 5 in Kontakt sind,
wenn bei der benachbarten Messerscheibe 18 gerade durch eine
Zahnlücke ein Abstand zu der Walze 5 besteht. Dies gewährleistet
eine ununterbrochene Auflage der Reinigungswalzen 11 auf
der Walze 5.The
Sobald die Reinigungsvorrichtung 10 den Randbereich einer
Walze 5 erreicht hat, wird die Reinigungsvorrichtung von der
Walze 5 abgehoben und auf die nächste Walze 5 aufgesetzt. Auf
der nächsten Walze 5 ist das Kratzenband in entgegengesetzter
Richtung spiralförmig aufgewickelt, so daß die Reinigungsvorrichtung
10 von dem einen Ende der Walze 5 zum anderen Ende
der Walze 5 geführt wird und dadurch ein meanderförmiges
Reinigungsmuster ensteht..As soon as the cleaning device 10 reaches the edge region of a
Has reached
Der Reinigungsvorgang wird immer dann durchgeführt, wenn kein
Tabak über die Walzen 5 transportiert wird. Die Steuerung der
Reinigungsvorrichtung kann automatisch oder manuell erfolgen.The cleaning process is always carried out when none
Tobacco is transported over the
Während des Reinigungsvorgangs wird die Drehzahl der Walze 5
auf etwa 15 % ihrer normalen Drehgeschwindigkeit gesenkt, um
die Fremdkörper auf der Walze 5 besser greifen und absondern
zu können. Die Drehgeschwindigkeit der Reinigungswalze 11 ist
etwa genauso groß wie die Drehgeschwindigkeit der Walzen 5
beim Reinigungsvorgang.During the cleaning process, the speed of the
Der Einsatz einer Vielzahl von Messerscheiben 18 auf einer
Reinigungswalze 11 führt zu einer gleichmäßigen Verteilung
des Gewichts der Reinigungswalzen 11, so daß ein Verschleiß
des auf den Walzen 5 angeordneten Kratzenbandes gering ist.The use of a large number of
Claims (30)
- Apparatus for removing long fibrous foreign material from tobacco before it is processed into cigarettes in which a plurality of rollers arranged adjacent one another are provided, onto the upper surface of which the tobacco may be supplied, characterised in that the rollers (5) are provided on their outer periphery with a plurality of radially outwardly directed needles (7) for receiving long fibrous foreign materials and rotate in the same direction.
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the needles (7) have the same length of between 5 and 30 mm.
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the needles (7) have a mutual spacing of 1.5 to 15 mm.
- Apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that between the tips of the needles (7) of two adjacent rollers (5) there is a gap with a width of 0.0 to 80 mm.
- Apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the rollers (5) have an outer diameter of 150 to 300 mm.
- Apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that four to eight rollers (5) are arranged next to one another.
- Apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the rollers (5) are arranged in an upwardly open housing (4).
- Apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the axes of the rollers (5) lie in a plane.
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 8, characterised in that the plane including the axes of the rollers (5) is inclined with respect to the horizontal such that the transport direction determined by the direction of rotation at the side of the rollers is directed downwardly.
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 9, characterised in that the inclination is adjustable.
- Apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that a plurality of sets of adjacent rollers (5) are provided for alternating operation.
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 11, characterised in that two sets of rollers (5) are provided.
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 12, characterised in that the sets of rollers (5) are arranged next to one another and may be moved by lateral displacement or rotation through 180° selectively under a supply device (8) for the tobacco to be treated.
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 12, characterised in that the sets of rollers (5) are arranged next to one another and may be moved by rotation about a substantially vertical axis selectively beneath a supply device (8) for the tobacco to be treated.
- Apparatus as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rollers (5) are provided on their periphery with a rake band.
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 15, characterised in that the rake band his steel needles (7) arranged obliquely to the radial direction.
- Apparatus as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the needles (7) are arranged in rows on the roller (5).
- Apparatus as claimed in at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a cleaning device (10) is provided which removes the foreign material accumulated between the needles (7).
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 18, characterised in that the cleaning device (10) has at least one cleaning roller (11) which is provided with a plurality of knife discs (18).
- Apparatus as claimed in Claims 17 and 19, characterised in that the knife discs (18) each engage between two rows of needles.
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 19 or 20, characterised in that the knife discs (18) are driven in the same direction of rotation as the rollers (5).
- Apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 19 to 21, characterised in that the knife discs (18) have approximately the same number of knife teeth (19) as gaps between the teeth distributed over the periphery.
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 22, characterised in that the knife discs (18) are arranged offset from one another so that looking in the axial direction at a tooth gap a knife tooth (19) follows on the adjacent knife disc(s) (18) and at a knife tooth (19) a tooth gap follows on the adjacent knife disc(s) (18).
- Apparatus as claimed in at least one of Claims 17 to 23, characterised in that the rake band is wound spirally onto the rollers (5) and the cleaning device (10) is driven by the rotation of the spirally extending rows of needles.
- Apparatus as claimed in Claim 24, characterised in that the rake bands of two adjacent rollers (5) are wound in different directions on the respective roller (5) so that the cleaning device is guided in respective opposed axial directions with the same direction of rotation of the rollers (5).
- Apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 17 to 25, characterised in that a drive unit (12) is provided for the cleaning rollers (11).
- Apparatus as claimed in at least one of Claims 17 to 25, characterised in that provided behind the cleaning device (10) there is a suction pipe (21) which sucks away the foreign materials removed from the rollers (5).
- Apparatus as claimed in at least one of Claims 17 to 26, characterised in that means are provided with which the cleaning device (10) is lifted away from the roller (5) and the cleaning device (10) is guided in a serpentine path over the adjacently arranged rollers (5).
- Method of cleaning a roller (5) on whose outer periphery a plurality of outwardly directed needles (7) are provided, wherein the needles (7) are arranged spirally and in rows, characterised by:placing a cleaning device (10) on the roller (5) to be cleaned;moving the cleaning device (10) in a first axial direction by rotating the roller (5);lifting the cleaning device (10) away from the roller (5) in the axial end region;placing the cleaning device (10) on an adjacent roller (5) in the axial end region;axially moving the cleaning device (10) in the direction opposite to the first axial direction.
- Method of cleaning a roller as claimed in Claim 29, characterised in that before placing the cleaning device (10) on the roller (5) the rotational speed of the roller (5) is reduced.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19505259 | 1995-02-16 | ||
DE19505259A DE19505259A1 (en) | 1995-02-16 | 1995-02-16 | Device for removing long-fiber foreign matter from tobacco |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0727154A2 EP0727154A2 (en) | 1996-08-21 |
EP0727154A3 EP0727154A3 (en) | 1998-11-25 |
EP0727154B1 true EP0727154B1 (en) | 2001-05-16 |
Family
ID=7754166
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96102288A Expired - Lifetime EP0727154B1 (en) | 1995-02-16 | 1996-02-15 | Apparatus and method for removing long fibrous foreign materials from tobacco |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0727154B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19505259A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104522870A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-22 | 袁红星 | Hemp thread removing device for tobacco and telescopic needle brush thereof |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1462014B1 (en) * | 2003-03-22 | 2005-12-07 | Hauni Maschinenbau AG | Device to remove foreign materials from tobacco |
DE102004008642A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-08 | Hauni Primary Gmbh | Method and device for removing foreign substances from tobacco to be processed |
EP1886587A1 (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2008-02-13 | V.I.T. S.A. | Tobacco leave cleaning rollers from scrap and foreign materials |
CN102835730A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2012-12-26 | 秦皇岛烟草机械有限责任公司 | Quick-release hemp thread removing device |
CN103340475B (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 厦门烟草工业有限责任公司 | A kind of tobacco edulcoration machine foreign material that improve reject the device of efficiency |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE173322C (en) * | ||||
US2246851A (en) * | 1939-03-10 | 1941-06-24 | Harvey A Jordan | Separating device |
US2942607A (en) * | 1957-07-08 | 1960-06-28 | W I Skinner And Company | Machines for cleaning tobacco scrap |
US3024903A (en) * | 1960-09-14 | 1962-03-13 | Union Carbide Corp | Metal cleaning apparatus |
US4809716A (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-07 | Caudill Charles R | Tobacco leaf cleaning machine |
DE3919764C1 (en) * | 1989-06-16 | 1990-10-11 | Waeschle Maschinenfabrik Gmbh, 7980 Ravensburg, De | |
DE3940669C1 (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1990-10-11 | Waeschle Maschinenfabrik Gmbh, 7980 Ravensburg, De | |
US5211187A (en) * | 1990-07-09 | 1993-05-18 | Philip Morris Incorporated | String doffer mechanism |
-
1995
- 1995-02-16 DE DE19505259A patent/DE19505259A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-02-15 DE DE59606889T patent/DE59606889D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-15 EP EP96102288A patent/EP0727154B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104522870A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-22 | 袁红星 | Hemp thread removing device for tobacco and telescopic needle brush thereof |
CN104522870B (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-08-24 | 袁红星 | Nicotiana tabacum L. hemp thread removing device and telescopic pin brush thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19505259A1 (en) | 1996-08-22 |
DE59606889D1 (en) | 2001-06-21 |
EP0727154A2 (en) | 1996-08-21 |
EP0727154A3 (en) | 1998-11-25 |
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