EP0726974A1 - Process for manufacturing cellulose moulded bodies - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing cellulose moulded bodies

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Publication number
EP0726974A1
EP0726974A1 EP95928881A EP95928881A EP0726974A1 EP 0726974 A1 EP0726974 A1 EP 0726974A1 EP 95928881 A EP95928881 A EP 95928881A EP 95928881 A EP95928881 A EP 95928881A EP 0726974 A1 EP0726974 A1 EP 0726974A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
amine oxide
tertiary amine
cellulose
fibers
aqueous solvent
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Granted
Application number
EP95928881A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0726974B1 (en
Inventor
Hartmut Rüf
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Lenzing AG
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Lenzing AG
Chemiefaser Lenzing AG
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of cellulosic shaped articles, e.g. Fibers according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • NMMO N-methyl-moipholin-N-oxide
  • EP-A 553 070 Processes for producing cellulosic shaped articles from a solution of cellulose in a mixture of NMMO and water are e.g. in U.S. Patent 4,246,221. The fibers produced in this way are distinguished by a high fiber strength in the conditioned and in the wet state, a high wet modulus and a high loop strength.
  • a special property of these fibers is their high tendency to fibrillation, especially under stress when wet, e.g. during a washing process. While this property is desirable for certain applications of the fibers and gives interesting effects, the usability for other purposes, e.g. Textiles that are said to be wash-resistant are reduced.
  • REPLACEMENT BLA ⁇ (RULE 26) According to EP-A-538 977, the fibers, which can be freshly spun or have already been dried, are treated with an aqueous system which contains a chemical reagent with 2 to 6 functional groups which can react with cellulose.
  • cellulosic fibers are spun from a solution in a tertiary amine oxide into an aqueous coagulation bath.
  • SU-1 224362 A describes a process for the production of cellulose fibers with a spinning bath, which is characterized in that it has the aim of increasing the elongation at break, reducing the shrinkage at elevated temperatures and maintaining the elongation in the wet state contains, inter alia, isopropanol or isobutanol or mixtures of the two with 5-40% NMMO and 0.8-10% water.
  • isoamyl alcohol is also given in an example.
  • REPLACEMENT BLA ⁇ (RULE 26) Kuuchikhin VG, Khim. Volokna (1989) No. 4, p. 33 and Romanov VV and Sokira AN, Khim. Volokna (1988) No. 1, p. 27 describe the use of isopropanol and isobutanol in the spinning bath.
  • the fibrillation behavior of the spun fibers improves significantly if substances are used in the spinning bath which have a higher molecular weight than the amine oxide used.
  • the spinning bath essentially consists of these substances, i.e. that small amounts of additives may also be present in the spinning bath. It is also possible to add small amounts of up to 10% of tertiary amine oxide or water to the spin bath without restricting the effect according to the invention of using non-aqueous solvents for the amine oxide.
  • glycols, glycol ethers, polyglycols and polyglycol ethers are outstandingly suitable as substances used for the process according to the invention.
  • the process according to the invention can be used in a particularly advantageous manner if the tertiary amine oxide used is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide.
  • REPLACEMENT BLA ⁇ (RULE 26) All known compositions are suitable as spinning solutions for the process according to the invention.
  • the pulp concentration in the dope can vary between 5 and 25. However, cellulose contents between 10 and 18% are preferred.
  • the device consists of a heated, temperature-controlled cylinder into which the spinning mass is filled. By means of a piston, the propulsion of which is controlled by a motor, the spinning mass is extruded through the spinneret attached to the underside of the cylinder.
  • a dry-wet spinning process that is to say the filament is immersed in a spinning bath (20 cm bath length in water) after the air gap given in the examples and is drawn off using a godet .
  • the friction of the fibers against one another during washing processes or during finishing processes in the wet state was simulated by the following text: 8 fibers were placed in a 20 ml sample vial with 4 ml water and in a laboratory shaker type RO-1 from Gerhardt for 9 hours, Bonn (FRG) shaken at level 12. The fibrillation behavior of the fibers was then assessed under the microscope by counting the number of fibrils per 0.276 mm fiber length and is given in a splice rating from 0 (no fibrils) to 6 (strong fibrillation).
  • the output has no significant influence on the fibrillation behavior of the fibers.
  • this makes it possible to produce low-fibrillation fibers even at higher ejection rates (e.g. 0.1 g / hole / min), which enables a more economical process.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

In a process for manufacturing cellulose moulded bodies, cellulose is dissolved in a mixture of a tertiary amine oxide and a non-solvent for cellulose, for example water, the solution is extruded through a shaping tool and the thus obtained filaments are drawn through an air gap into a regenerating bath. The process is characterised in that the regenerating bath essentially consists of a non-aqueous solvent for tertiary amine oxide having a molecular weight higher than that of the tertiary amine oxide. Solvent-spun fibres with hardly any fibrillation tendency may thus be obtained. Polyethylene glycols are preferably used.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung cellulosischer FormkörperProcess for the production of cellulosic moldings
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von cellulosischen Formkörpern, z.B. Fasern gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a process for the production of cellulosic shaped articles, e.g. Fibers according to the preamble of claim 1.
In den letzten Jahrzehnten wurden bedingt durch die Umweltproblematik des bekannten Viskose¬ verfahrens zur Herstellung cellulosischer Fasern intensive Anstrengungen unternommen, alterna¬ tive, umweltfreundlichere Verfahren zur Verfugung zu stellen. Als eine besonders interessante Möglichkeit hat sich dabei in den letzten Jahren herauskristallisiert, Cellulose ohne Ausbildung eines Derivates in einem organischen Lösungsmittel aufzulösen und aus dieser Lösung Formkör¬ per zu extrudieren. Solcherart ersponnene Fasern erhielten von der BISFA (The International Bureau for the Standardization of man made fibers) den Gattungsnamen Lyocell zugeteilt, wobei unter einem organischen Lösungsmittel ein Gemisch aus einer organischen Chemikalie und Wasser verstanden wird.In recent decades, due to the environmental problems of the known viscose process for the production of cellulosic fibers, intensive efforts have been made to provide alternative, more environmentally friendly processes. A particularly interesting possibility has emerged in recent years to dissolve cellulose in an organic solvent without the formation of a derivative and to extrude moldings from this solution. Such spun fibers were given the generic name Lyocell by BISFA (The International Bureau for the Standardization of man made fibers), whereby an organic solvent means a mixture of an organic chemical and water.
Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß sich als organisches Lösungsmittel insbesondere ein Gemisch aus einem tertiären Aminoxid und Wasser hervorragend zur Herstellung von Lyocell-Fasem eignet. Als Aminoxid wird dabei vorwiegend N-methyl-moipholin-N-oxid (NMMO) verwendet. Andere geeignete Aminoxide sind in der EP-A 553 070 geoflfenbart. Verfahren zur Herstellung cellulosi¬ scher Formkörper aus einer Lösung der Cellulose in einem Gemisch aus NMMO und Wasser sind z.B. in der US-PS 4,246,221 geoffenbart. Die solcherart hergestellten Fasern zeichnen sich durch eine hohe Faserfestigkeit im konditionierten sowie im nassen Zustand, einen hohen Naßmodul und eine hohe Schiingenfestigkeit aus.It has been found that a mixture of a tertiary amine oxide and water is particularly suitable as an organic solvent for the production of Lyocell fibers. N-methyl-moipholin-N-oxide (NMMO) is predominantly used as the amine oxide. Other suitable amine oxides are disclosed in EP-A 553 070. Processes for producing cellulosic shaped articles from a solution of cellulose in a mixture of NMMO and water are e.g. in U.S. Patent 4,246,221. The fibers produced in this way are distinguished by a high fiber strength in the conditioned and in the wet state, a high wet modulus and a high loop strength.
Eine spezielle Eigenschaft dieser Fasern ist ihre hohe Neigung zur Fibrillation, insbesondere unter Beanspruchung im nassen Zustand, wie z.B. während eines Waschvorganges. Während diese Eigenschaft für bestimmte Anwendungen der Fasern durchaus erwünscht ist und interessante Effekte ergibt, wird hingegen die Brauchbarkeit für andere Zwecke, wie z.B. Textilien, die Waschbeständigkeit aufweisen sollen, vermindert.A special property of these fibers is their high tendency to fibrillation, especially under stress when wet, e.g. during a washing process. While this property is desirable for certain applications of the fibers and gives interesting effects, the usability for other purposes, e.g. Textiles that are said to be wash-resistant are reduced.
Es hat daher nicht an Anstrengungen gefehlt, mit bestimmten Maßnahmen das Fibrillationsver- halten zu reduzieren.There has been no shortage of efforts to reduce fibrillation behavior with certain measures.
So wird in der PCT-WO 92/07124 vorgeschlagen, eine frisch gesponnene, noch nicht getrocknete Faser mit einer Lösung eines Polymers, welches mehrere kationische Stellen enthält, zu behan¬ deln.It is proposed in PCT-WO 92/07124 to treat a freshly spun, not yet dried fiber with a solution of a polymer which contains several cationic sites.
ERSATZBLAπ (REGEL 26) Gemäß der EP-A- 538 977 werden die Fasern, welche frisch versponnen oder bereits getrocknet sein können,' mit einem wäßrigen System behandelt, welches ein chemisches Reagenz mit 2 bis 6 fünktionellen Gruppen, welche mit Cellulose reagieren können, enthält.REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) According to EP-A-538 977, the fibers, which can be freshly spun or have already been dried, are treated with an aqueous system which contains a chemical reagent with 2 to 6 functional groups which can react with cellulose.
In der PCT-WO 94/09191 wird vorgeschlagen, daß die fünktionellen Gruppen eines chemischen Reagenz, mit welchem die Fasern behandelt werden, elektrophile C=C-Doppelbindungen und andere Reaktivgruppen für Cellulose sind.PCT-WO 94/09191 proposes that the functional groups of a chemical reagent with which the fibers are treated are electrophilic C = C double bonds and other reactive groups for cellulose.
Diesen Vorschlägen ist gemeinsam, daß die Verringerung der Fibrillationstendenz der Fasern durch eine chemische Modifizierung der Faser einerseits durch die Anlagerung von kationischen Verbindungen an die ein negatives Potential aufweisenden Hydroxylgruppen, andererseits durch die Ausbildung kovalenter Bindungen der Cellulose mit den Reaktivgruppen der Verbindungen mit daraus resultierender Vernetzung der Fibrillen, erreicht wird.These proposals have in common that the reduction in the fibrillation tendency of the fibers by chemical modification of the fibers on the one hand by the addition of cationic compounds to the hydroxyl groups which have a negative potential, on the other hand by the formation of covalent bonds of the cellulose with the reactive groups of the compounds with the resulting crosslinking the fibrils.
Andere Arbeiten, wie z.B. die anhängige AT 1348/93 der Anmelderin beschäftigen sich mit der Möglichkeit, durch eine gezielte Variation der Spinnparameter, wie z.B. Ausstoß, Länge des Luftspaltes, Verzug, Luftfeuchte im Luftspalt, ebenfalls eine Reduzierung der Fibrillationsneigun zu erreichen.Other work, such as the pending AT 1348/93 of the applicant are concerned with the possibility of a specific variation of the spinning parameters, such as Ejection, length of the air gap, warpage, air humidity in the air gap, also to reduce the tendency to fibrillation.
Es hat sich nun überraschenderweise gezeigt, daß ein wirkungsvolle Reduzierung der Fibrillationstendenz dadurch erreicht werden kann, daß das Fällbad, in welches die Faser nach de Extrusion unter Verzug über einen Luftspalt geführt wird, im wesentlichen aus einem nicht¬ wäßrigen Lösungsmittel für das tertiäre Aminoxid, insbesondere NMMO, besteht, wobei das Molekulargewicht des nichtwäßrigen Lösungsmittel größer als das des tertiären Aminoxides ist.It has now surprisingly been found that an effective reduction in the fibrillation tendency can be achieved in that the precipitation bath, into which the fiber is led after de-extrusion with delay through an air gap, essentially from a non-aqueous solvent for the tertiary amine oxide, in particular NMMO, where the molecular weight of the non-aqueous solvent is greater than that of the tertiary amine oxide.
Üblicherweise werden cellulosische Fasern aus einer Lösung in einem tertiären Aminoxid in ein wäßriges Fällbad versponnen.Usually, cellulosic fibers are spun from a solution in a tertiary amine oxide into an aqueous coagulation bath.
Die SU- 1 224362 A beschreibt hingegen ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Cellulosefasern mit einem Spinnbad, das sich dadurch auszeichnet, daß es mit dem Ziel der Erhöhung der Bruch¬ dehnung, der Senkung des Schrumpfes bei erhöhten Temperaturen und der Beibehaltung der Dehnung im nassen Zustand unter anderem Isopropanol oder Isobutanol oder Mischungen der beiden mit 5-40% NMMO und 0,8-10% Wasser enthält. Auch die Verwendung von Isoamyl¬ alkohol ist in einem Beispiel angegeben.SU-1 224362 A, on the other hand, describes a process for the production of cellulose fibers with a spinning bath, which is characterized in that it has the aim of increasing the elongation at break, reducing the shrinkage at elevated temperatures and maintaining the elongation in the wet state contains, inter alia, isopropanol or isobutanol or mixtures of the two with 5-40% NMMO and 0.8-10% water. The use of isoamyl alcohol is also given in an example.
Auch die Publikationen Romanov V.V., Lunina O.B., Mü'kova L.P. und Kuüchikhin V.G., Khi Volokna (1989) Nr. 1, S. 29, Romanov V.V., Lunina O.B., Mil'kova L.P., Brusentsova V.G. unThe publications Romanov V.V., Lunina O.B., Mü'kova L.P. and Kuüchikhin V.G., Khi Volokna (1989) No. 1, p. 29, Romanov V.V., Lunina O.B., Mil'kova L.P., Brusentsova V.G. U.N
ERSATZBLAπ (REGEL 26) Kuüchikhin V.G., Khim. Volokna (1989) Nr. 4, S. 33 und Romanov V.V. und Sokira A.N., Khim. Volokna (1988) Nr. 1, S. 27 beschreiben den Einsatz von Isopropanol und Isobutanol im Spinn¬ bad.REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) Kuuchikhin VG, Khim. Volokna (1989) No. 4, p. 33 and Romanov VV and Sokira AN, Khim. Volokna (1988) No. 1, p. 27 describe the use of isopropanol and isobutanol in the spinning bath.
Die Publikationen I. Quenin, "Precipitation de la cellulose a partir de Solutions dans les oxydes d'amines tertiaires: application au filage" Dissertation Grenoble 1985 sowie M. Dube und R.H. Blackwell, "Precipitation and crystallization of cellulose from amine oxide Solutions" TAPPI Proceedings, International Dissolving and Specialty Pulps, Boston 1983 untersuchen das Ausmaß der CellulosekristaUisation beim Spinnen in Methanol.The publications I. Quenin, "Precipitation de la cellulose a partir de Solutions dans les oxydes d'amines tertiaires: application au filage" dissertation Grenoble 1985 and M. Dube and R.H. Blackwell, "Precipitation and crystallization of cellulose from amine oxide Solutions" TAPPI Proceedings, International Dissolving and Specialty Pulps, Boston 1983 investigate the extent of cellulose crystallization when spinning in methanol.
Das Fibrillationsverhalten von aus Aminoxid ersponnenen Fasern wird in P. Weigel, J. Gensrich und HP. Fink "Challenges in Cellulosic Man-Made Fibres" Viscose Chemistry Seminar, Stockholm 1994 erwähnt: Das Spinnen in Isopropanol soll demnach eine deutliche Verbesserung erbringen.The fibrillation behavior of fibers spun from amine oxide is described in P. Weigel, J. Gensrich and HP. Fink "Challenges in Cellulosic Man-Made Fibers" Viscose Chemistry Seminar, Stockholm 1994 mentioned: Spinning in isopropanol is said to bring about a significant improvement.
Allen diesen Publikationen ist gemeinsam, daß als Fällungsmittel für das Spinnbad niedermole¬ kulare Substanzen mit einem Molekulargewicht eingesetzt werden, das deutlich kleiner als das Molekulargewicht des eingesetzten Aminoxides ist. Die Molmasse von NMMO beträgt 117 g/mol.All of these publications have in common that low molecular weight substances with a molecular weight which are significantly smaller than the molecular weight of the amine oxide used are used as precipitants for the spin bath. The molecular weight of NMMO is 117 g / mol.
Überraschenderweise verbessert sich das Fibrillationsverhalten der ersponnenen Fasern jedoch deutlich, wenn man im Spinnbad Substanzen einsetzt, die ein höheres Molekulargewicht als das verwendete Aminoxid aufweisen.Surprisingly, however, the fibrillation behavior of the spun fibers improves significantly if substances are used in the spinning bath which have a higher molecular weight than the amine oxide used.
Das Spinnbad besteht gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren im wesentlichen aus diesen Substanzen, d.h., daß zusätzlich kleine Mengen an Zusatzstoffen im Spinnbad enthalten sein können. Es ist auch möglich, kleine Mengen bis zu 10% an tertiärem Aminoxid oder Wasser zum Spinnbad zuzugeben, ohne den erfindungsgemäßen Effekt des Einsatzes von nichtwäßrigen Lösungsmittel für das Aminoxid einzuschränken.According to the process according to the invention, the spinning bath essentially consists of these substances, i.e. that small amounts of additives may also be present in the spinning bath. It is also possible to add small amounts of up to 10% of tertiary amine oxide or water to the spin bath without restricting the effect according to the invention of using non-aqueous solvents for the amine oxide.
Als eingesetzte Substanzen für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignen sich in hervorragender Weise bestimmte Glykole, Glykolether, Polyglykole und Polyglykolether.Certain glycols, glycol ethers, polyglycols and polyglycol ethers are outstandingly suitable as substances used for the process according to the invention.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß insbesondere mit dem Einsatz von Polyethylenglykolen ein sehr gutes Fibrillationsverhalten der Fasern erreicht werden kann.It has been shown that very good fibrillation behavior of the fibers can be achieved in particular with the use of polyethylene glycols.
In besonders günstiger Weise kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eingesetzt werden, wenn das verwendete tertiäre Aminoxid N-methyl-morpholin-N-oxid ist.The process according to the invention can be used in a particularly advantageous manner if the tertiary amine oxide used is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide.
ERSATZBLAπ (REGEL 26) Als Spinnlösungen kommen für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren alle bekannten Zusammen¬ setzungen in Betracht. Als Ausgangsstoffe kommen die gängigen Zellstoffe, aber auch Zellstoff¬ mischungen in Betracht. Die Zellstoffkonzentration in der Spinnmasse kann zwischen 5 und 25 variieren. Bevorzugt sind jedoch Cellulosegehalte zwischen 10 und 18%.REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) All known compositions are suitable as spinning solutions for the process according to the invention. The usual cellulose, but also cellulose mixtures, come into consideration as starting materials. The pulp concentration in the dope can vary between 5 and 25. However, cellulose contents between 10 and 18% are preferred.
Beispiele:Examples:
Versuchsapparatur:Experimental equipment:
Es handelt sich um ein in der Plastikverarbertung gebräuchliches Schmelzindexgerät der Fa. Davenport. Das Gerät besteht aus einem beheizten temperaturregelbaren Zylinder, in den die Spinnmasse eingefüllt wird. Mittels eines Kolbens, dessen Vortrieb über einen Motor gesteuert wird, wird die Spinnmasse durch die an der Unterseite des Zylinders angebrachte Spinndüse extrudiert. Es handelt sich, wie in den der Lyocell-Technologie zugrundeliegenden Patenten beschrieben, um ein Trocken-Naß-Spinnverfahren, d.h.das Filament taucht nach der in den Beispielen angegebenen Luftstrecke in ein Spinnbad (20 cm Badstrecke inWasser) ein und wird über eine Galette abgezogen.It is a melt index device from Davenport that is commonly used in plastic processing. The device consists of a heated, temperature-controlled cylinder into which the spinning mass is filled. By means of a piston, the propulsion of which is controlled by a motor, the spinning mass is extruded through the spinneret attached to the underside of the cylinder. As described in the patents on which Lyocell technology is based, it is a dry-wet spinning process, that is to say the filament is immersed in a spinning bath (20 cm bath length in water) after the air gap given in the examples and is drawn off using a godet .
Bedingungen:Conditions:
Spinnmasse 12% Zellstoff/ 76% NMMO / 12% WasserSpinning mass 12% pulp / 76% NMMO / 12% water
Spinntemperatur 110°CSpinning temperature 110 ° C
Düsenlochdurchmesser 100 μmNozzle hole diameter 100 μm
Klima im Luftspalt: 22-27°C / 12-16% Relative FeuchtigkeitClimate in the air gap: 22-27 ° C / 12-16% relative humidity
Diese Parameter wurden für die Versuche konstant gehalten. Es wurde in Spinnbäder aus 13 ve schiedenen nichtwäßrigen Lösungsmitteln versponnen und anschließend das Fibrillationsverhalt der Fasern gemessen.These parameters were kept constant for the tests. It was spun in spinning baths from 13 different non-aqueous solvents and then the fibrillation behavior of the fibers was measured.
Messung des Fibrillationsverhaltens:Measurement of fibrillation behavior:
Die Reibung der Fasern aneinander bei Waschvorgängen bzw. bei Ausrüstvorgängen im nassen Zustand wurde durch folgenden Text simuliert: 8 Fasern wurden mit 4 ml Wasser in ein 20 ml Probenfläschchen gegeben und während 9 Stunden in einem Laborschüttelgerät der Type RO-1 der Fa. Gerhardt, Bonn (BRD) auf Stufe 12 geschüttelt. Das Fibrillationsverhalten der Fasern wurde danach unter dem Mikroskop mittels Auszählen der Anzahl der Fibrillen pro 0,276 mm Faserlänge beurteilt und wird in einer Spleißnote von 0 (keine Fibrillen) bis 6 (starke Fibrillation angegeben.The friction of the fibers against one another during washing processes or during finishing processes in the wet state was simulated by the following text: 8 fibers were placed in a 20 ml sample vial with 4 ml water and in a laboratory shaker type RO-1 from Gerhardt for 9 hours, Bonn (FRG) shaken at level 12. The fibrillation behavior of the fibers was then assessed under the microscope by counting the number of fibrils per 0.276 mm fiber length and is given in a splice rating from 0 (no fibrils) to 6 (strong fibrillation).
ERSATZBLAπ (REGEL 26) Tabelle 1:REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) Table 1:
ERSATZBLAπ (REGEL 26) Fortsetzung Tabelle 1:REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26) Continuation of table 1:
Legende: Nicht ausgefüllte Spalten bedeuten "Wert der letzten Eintragung". Die zweifachen Werte bei der Splei߬ note bedeuten jeweils die Durchschnittswerte zweier unabhängiger Meßreihen an 8 Einzelfasern.Legend: Columns not filled in mean "value of the last entry". The double values for the splice note each mean the average values of two independent measurement series on 8 individual fibers.
Aus der Tabelle geht hervor, daß bei vergleichbaren Versuchsbedingungen organische Lösemittel mit einem Molekulargewicht, das deutlich unter dem von NMMO liegt, keinerlei wesentliche Verbesserung der Fibrillationstendenz der ersponnenen Fasern bewirken. Insbesondere ist im Gegensatz zur Literatur eine solche Verbesserung auch bei Isopropanol nicht zu beobachten.The table shows that, under comparable test conditions, organic solvents with a molecular weight which is clearly below that of NMMO do not bring about any significant improvement in the fibrillation tendency of the spun fibers. In particular, in contrast to the literature, such an improvement cannot be observed even with isopropanol.
Ab einem Molekulargewicht, das dem von NMMO entspricht oder höher ist, ist eine deutliche Verbesserung der Fibrillationstendenz festzustellen. Diese Verbesserung ist besonders ab einem Molekulargewicht von 200 g mol ausgeprägt. Mit Polyethylenglykolen höheren Molekular¬ gewichts lassen sich sogar Fasern mit Spleißnoten von 0 oder 0,5 herstellen, das bedeutet, daß keine oder praktisch keine Fibrillenabspaltung mehr stattfindet. Der Einsatz von Polyethylen¬ glykolen mit sehr hohem Molekulargewicht (ab etwa 3000) ist lediglich dadurch begrenzt, daß diese Stoffe für eine Verwendung im Spinnbad auf höhere Temperaturen z.B. ca. 50°C gebracht werden müssen.From a molecular weight that is equal to or higher than that of NMMO, there is a clear improvement in the tendency to fibrillation. This improvement is particularly pronounced from a molecular weight of 200 g mol. With polyethylene glycols of higher molecular weight it is even possible to produce fibers with splice marks of 0 or 0.5, which means that there is no or practically no fibril elimination. The use of polyethylene glycols with a very high molecular weight (from about 3000) is only limited by the fact that these substances are suitable for use in the spin bath at higher temperatures, e.g. must be brought to approx. 50 ° C.
Wie aus der Tabelle ersichtlich ist, hat der Ausstoß keinerlei wesentlichen Einfluß auf das Fibrilla tionsverhalten der Fasern. Insbesondere ist keine merkliche Verschlechterung der Fibrillationsten denz beim Übergang zu höheren Ausstoßraten festzustellen. Es wird dadurch im Unterschied zu bisher bekannten Verfahren möglich, auch mit höheren Ausstoßraten (z.B. 0,1 g/Loch/min) fibrillationsarme Fasern herzustellen, wodurch eine wirtschaftlichere Verfahrensweise ermöglicht wird.As can be seen from the table, the output has no significant influence on the fibrillation behavior of the fibers. In particular, there is no noticeable deterioration in the fibrillation tendency when switching to higher ejection rates. In contrast to previously known processes, this makes it possible to produce low-fibrillation fibers even at higher ejection rates (e.g. 0.1 g / hole / min), which enables a more economical process.
ERSATZBLAπ (REGEL 26) REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26)

Claims

Patentansprüche:Claims:
1) Verfahren zur Herstellung von cellulosischen Formkörpern, indem Cellulose in einem Gemisch aus einem tertiären Aminoxid und einem Nichtlösungsmittel für Cellulose, z.B. Wasser, aufgelöst wird, die Lösung durch ein Formgebungswerkzeug extrudiert und die erhaltenen Filamente unter Verzug über einen Luftspalt in ein Fällbad geführt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fäll¬ bad im wesentlichen aus einem nichtwäßrigen Lösungsmittel für das tertiäre Aminoxid besteht, wobei das Molekulargewicht des nichtwäßrigen Lösungsmittel größer als das des tertiären Amin¬ oxides ist.1) Process for the production of cellulosic moldings by using cellulose in a mixture of a tertiary amine oxide and a non-solvent for cellulose, e.g. Water, is dissolved, the solution is extruded through a shaping tool and the filaments obtained are passed with delay through an air gap into a precipitation bath, characterized in that the precipitation bath consists essentially of a non-aqueous solvent for the tertiary amine oxide, the molecular weight of the non-aqueous solvent is larger than that of the tertiary amine oxide.
2) Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das nichtwäßrige Lösungsmittel aus der Gruppe der Glykole, Glykolether, Polyglykole und Polyglykolether stammt.2) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-aqueous solvent comes from the group of glycols, glycol ethers, polyglycols and polyglycol ethers.
3) Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das nichtwäßrige Lösungs¬ mittel Polyethylenglykol ist.3) Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the non-aqueous solvent is polyethylene glycol.
4) Verfahren nach zumindest einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das tertiäre Aminoxid N-methyl-mo holin-N-oxid ist.4) Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tertiary amine oxide is N-methyl-mo holin-N-oxide.
ERSATZBLAπ (REGEL 26) REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26)
EP95928881A 1994-09-05 1995-09-04 Process for manufacturing cellulose moulded bodies Expired - Lifetime EP0726974B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1695/94 1994-09-05
AT0169594A AT401063B (en) 1994-09-05 1994-09-05 METHOD FOR PRODUCING CELLULOSIC SHAPED BODIES
PCT/AT1995/000174 WO1996007779A1 (en) 1994-09-05 1995-09-04 Process for manufacturing cellulose moulded bodies

Publications (2)

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EP0726974A1 true EP0726974A1 (en) 1996-08-21
EP0726974B1 EP0726974B1 (en) 1998-06-17

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US (1) US5827463A (en)
EP (1) EP0726974B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH09505120A (en)
CN (1) CN1135242A (en)
AT (2) AT401063B (en)
AU (1) AU693589B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9506355A (en)
CA (1) CA2175462A1 (en)
DE (1) DE59502591D1 (en)
FI (1) FI961903A (en)
NO (1) NO961782D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1996007779A1 (en)

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AT404032B (en) * 1996-03-04 1998-07-27 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag METHOD FOR PRODUCING CELLULOSIC FIBERS
SE509894C2 (en) 1996-08-27 1999-03-15 Akzo Nobel Surface Chem Use of a Linear Synthetic Polymer to Improve the Properties of a Cellulose Form Body Made by a Tertiary Amine Oxide Process
EP0853146A3 (en) * 1997-01-09 1999-03-24 Akzo Nobel N.V. Method of producing cellulosic fibres and cellulosic fibres
DE10019660B4 (en) * 2000-04-20 2004-04-29 Zimmer Ag Process for spinning a spinning solution and spinning head
AT410319B (en) * 2001-07-25 2003-03-25 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag CELLULOSE SPONGE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DE10137171A1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-13 Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh Preparation of celluosic shaped bodies having superabsorber properties useful for production of disposable diapers, tampons, bandages, incontinence articles, moisture absorbers, clothing, filters, and packaging materials
AT502743B1 (en) * 2005-08-26 2008-06-15 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag CELLULOSIC FORM BODY, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND THE USE THEREOF
DE102006022009B3 (en) * 2006-05-10 2007-12-06 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung e.V. Process for producing cellulosic multicomponent fibers
TWI667378B (en) 2014-01-03 2019-08-01 奧地利商蘭精股份有限公司 Cellulosic fibre

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BR9506355A (en) 1997-09-16
EP0726974B1 (en) 1998-06-17
NO961782L (en) 1996-05-02
FI961903A0 (en) 1996-05-03
FI961903A (en) 1996-05-03
WO1996007779A1 (en) 1996-03-14
US5827463A (en) 1998-10-27
AT401063B (en) 1996-06-25
CA2175462A1 (en) 1996-03-14
JPH09505120A (en) 1997-05-20
DE59502591D1 (en) 1998-07-23
CN1135242A (en) 1996-11-06
ATE167533T1 (en) 1998-07-15
NO961782D0 (en) 1996-05-02
ATA169594A (en) 1995-10-15
AU3246295A (en) 1996-03-27
AU693589B2 (en) 1998-07-02

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