EP0724271B1 - Procédé et installation pour le traitement des résidus radioactifs par un liant hydraulique - Google Patents

Procédé et installation pour le traitement des résidus radioactifs par un liant hydraulique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0724271B1
EP0724271B1 EP19950440088 EP95440088A EP0724271B1 EP 0724271 B1 EP0724271 B1 EP 0724271B1 EP 19950440088 EP19950440088 EP 19950440088 EP 95440088 A EP95440088 A EP 95440088A EP 0724271 B1 EP0724271 B1 EP 0724271B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
sludge
sludges
barrels
mixer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19950440088
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0724271A1 (fr
Inventor
Philippe Grandsire
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rtc Realisations Techniques Et Commerciales
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Rtc Realisations Techniques Et Commerciales
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Publication of EP0724271A1 publication Critical patent/EP0724271A1/fr
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/008—Apparatus specially adapted for mixing or disposing radioactively contamined material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06—Processing
    • G21F9/16—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
    • G21F9/162—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in an inorganic matrix, e.g. clays, zeolites
    • G21F9/165—Cement or cement-like matrix

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an installation for the treatment of residues.
  • radioactive in the form of sludge, ash, concentrates, corundum and various detritus consisting in immobilizing them by means of a hydraulic binder in order to obtain a block solid of defined mechanical resistance.
  • This invention will therefore find its application in the context of the reprocessing of radioactive waste.
  • radioactive sludge this are stored in metal drums or tanks which are themselves stored in hangars or, simply, in the open, knowing that in no case such barrels may be buried due to the significant risk of contamination posed their content. Indeed, such metal drums have a limited lifespan so that it it is necessary, periodically, to transfer their contents into new barrels. It is thus understood that these sludges are considered to be particularly cumbersome, so much so that in some countries, including either regulations not favoring the environment, that is to say insufficient means of control, this sludge radioactive yet dangerous in every way, are simply dumped into nature.
  • the glass particles can themselves be previously heated before being mixed with the sludge.
  • this mud thus mixed to the glass and dried particles are transported towards the unit of vitrification in the form of a fluidized bed by means of an inert gas.
  • Document DE-A-4,023,118 also discloses a method for processing construction waste slightly contaminated with radioactivity.
  • the waste likely to be in fine particles.
  • a container whose material constitutes a barrier to radioactive emissions, larger sized wastes that do not can be ground.
  • One of the objects of the invention is a sludge treatment process consisting of immobilize in such a way that it is possible to store them without risk of contamination precisely thanks to the stability of the solid block resulting from this process immobilization of sludge.
  • the invention relates to a process for the treatment of radioactive residues under form of sludge, ash, concentrates, corundum and various detritus, consisting of immobilize by means of a hydraulic binder, characterized in that one mixes several types of radioactive residues which are distinguished by different water contents so as to obtain a sludge to be treated comprising an optimal water content corresponding, substantially, to the amount of water necessary for the hydration of components of the hydraulic binder to ensure the hardening of the mixture.
  • the sludge and then the mixture hydraulic mud-binder are kept under agitation in order to obtain and then maintain a certain level of homogeneity.
  • the present invention through the method and the installation allowing its implementation, allows to consider a real treatment of this waste radioactive.
  • the present invention consists of a method for treating radioactive residues such as chemical co-precipitation sludge or evaporator concentrate, ash, sand and other spray treatment products that are found, whether in a nuclear power plant or at a waste reprocessing plant nuclear and generally all producers of radioactive waste.
  • radioactive residues such as chemical co-precipitation sludge or evaporator concentrate, ash, sand and other spray treatment products that are found, whether in a nuclear power plant or at a waste reprocessing plant nuclear and generally all producers of radioactive waste.
  • the invention also relates, to an installation allowing the implementation of this treatment process.
  • the residues which are in the form of fine particles must be distributed homogeneously in a liquid medium, essentially, by water. So, in the case of sludge treatment, this is all first homogenized by stirring because, as will appear further in the description, this homogenization will depend on the stability of the product finally obtained.
  • a water supply can be necessary in proportions, which, again, are further defined in the description.
  • such dry residues are, according to a feature of the invention, mixed with sludge to be treated in order to obtain a water content in the proportions desired.
  • the method is applied systematically to the treatment of sludge, whether sludge such as recovered through a settling tank or other or obtained by water supply or corresponding to a mixture of sludge and residues dry.
  • This radioactive sludge - hydraulic binder mixture is again made homogeneous by agitation, precisely so that we obtain this homogeneity in this block solid, after setting of said hydraulic binder.
  • the present invention through the process, aims to reach an optimum in terms of yield: quantity of sludge treated - final volume of sludge immobilized, and, at the same time, the amount of wasted hydraulic binder.
  • the solution according to the invention consists in carrying out one or more mixtures of different types of residues which are distinguished, precisely, by their water content to obtain a sludge whose water content is that necessary for the hydration of the quantity of binder hydraulic which must be added to this sludge to immobilize it in the form of a block meeting, from the point of view of mechanical strength, the required requirements.
  • sludges with a high water content could, for example, be mixed sludge with low water content or, simply, "dry" residues of the sand or ash type, be added to it.
  • the method it is also provided, before spoiling the hydraulic binder and after homogenization of the sludge, to carry out physico-chemical analyzes of it.
  • a measurement of the pH is carried out as well as a measurement of the content in water.
  • homogenized sludge is taken from one or more samples of an imposed volume, to which is added a prefixed quantity of binder hydraulic. This mixture based on a sample of mud is contained in a mold which, after immobilization of this sludge, allows easy demolding.
  • This immobilized mud sample (s) is then analyzed. On the basis of the results of the latter, we proceed to the necessary readjustment, whether from a point of view the water content of the sludge or the quantity or nature of the hydraulic binder there is place to implement. Such tests on samples are repeated as many times as necessary.
  • these tests on samples are followed by a full-scale test.
  • adjusted and homogenized sludge the quantity of sludge is taken corresponding to the volume of the solid block that one wishes to achieve.
  • the hydraulic binder is added the hydraulic binder in proportions as determined in through the test previously conducted on a sample. Note that at this stage, it can still be readjusted the water content, especially if it is less than the desired water content.
  • a batch of mud corresponds to the quantity of mud prepared in a container of a specific volume.
  • a first embodiment from such a batch of mud it is possible to design a given number of blocks of mud immobilized with a predetermined volume. More precisely, the following operations are repeated a number of times: a defined quantity of mud from the batch prepared for introduction into a mixer in which also pours the hydraulic binder. After homogenization, the mixture is poured into a recyclable container: at this time, we also introduce a hook handling in this hydraulic mud-binder mixture; after checking the socket, the block immobilized is removed from the recyclable container and placed in a container of storage which can contain several of these blocks.
  • the batch of prepared and homogenized sludge is mixed using a hydraulic binder whose characteristics and quantities have been determined through tests on samples, this in order to come fill almost a container specific containment, especially in fiber concrete meeting the characteristics physical and mechanical nuclear storage.
  • this container constitutes, in in this case, a lost formwork and its internal wall is lined with a sheet of material compressible, for example in polystyrene capable of showing variations dimensions of the block being solidified.
  • the present invention also relates to an installation allowing the implementation of the process which has just been described.
  • This installation comprises, essentially, stirring means 1 for homogenizing the sludge previously contained in drums 2.
  • This installation is also provided with a container 3 into which the sludge contained is poured, after homogenization in several drums 2 and corresponding to a batch 4 of sludge to be treated.
  • stirring means 5 which, again have the function of homogenizing the batch of sludge introduced into this container 3.
  • This installation is further provided with a kneading unit 6 in which is introduced, according to a discontinuous cycle, a given quantity of sludge from the container 3, as well as the volume of hydraulic binder allowing, ultimately, to immobilize this defined quantity of mud.
  • a molding unit 7 under this kneading unit 6 is disposed a molding unit 7 at the level of which there is at least one container 24 able to contain said immobilized hydraulic binder-binder mixture.
  • this installation also includes pumping means 9, 10, allowing, respectively, to take the contents of the barrels 2 with a view to introducing it into container 3, then take a determined quantity of homogenized sludge contained in this container 3 in order to transfer it to the mixing unit 6.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 schematically illustrate the entire installation. So we notes that this installation comprises, first of all, an intermediate airlock 11 in which are arranged the drums 2, defining a batch of sludge to be treated 4 and coming from a storage room 12. Downstream of this intermediate airlock 11 is the airlock opening barrels 13 in which the barrels 2 will be opened successively in order to to homogenize their content which will then be sampled by means of pumping 9 in order to transfer it to the container 3 located at an airlock 14 in downstream.
  • this installation comprises, first of all, an intermediate airlock 11 in which are arranged the drums 2, defining a batch of sludge to be treated 4 and coming from a storage room 12. Downstream of this intermediate airlock 11 is the airlock opening barrels 13 in which the barrels 2 will be opened successively in order to to homogenize their content which will then be sampled by means of pumping 9 in order to transfer it to the container 3 located at an airlock 14 in downstream.
  • the movements of the container 24 are facilitated by a raceway 29 on which it rests by means of suitable rolling means.
  • this container 24 is filled, it is closed by means of a cover, while the space preserved between this cover and the said solid block (s) is filled with a suitable filling mortar.
  • the hydraulic binder used in the context of treatment method according to the invention is preferably a mortar without ready-to-use removal according to the characteristics of the waste.
  • To this mortar will be able be added a number of additives necessary for the chemical stability of the sludge immobilized.
  • container 24 it is preferably fiber concrete containers metallic capable of ensuring, at least partially, the function of confinement.
  • the conditioning and / or treatment of solid waste taken from drums 2 or further conditioning and decontamination of these once emptied will carried out according to traditional methods in the field considered. These operations are likely to be carried out in airlocks adjacent to those previously mentioned. Of more, this installation will be completed, preferably, by a specific room containing the radiological control apparatus.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
EP19950440088 1994-12-22 1995-12-21 Procédé et installation pour le traitement des résidus radioactifs par un liant hydraulique Expired - Lifetime EP0724271B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9415683A FR2728719A1 (fr) 1994-12-22 1994-12-22 Procede et installation pour le traitement des residus radioactifs sous forme de boues
FR9415683 1994-12-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0724271A1 EP0724271A1 (fr) 1996-07-31
EP0724271B1 true EP0724271B1 (fr) 1999-04-07

Family

ID=9470269

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19950440088 Expired - Lifetime EP0724271B1 (fr) 1994-12-22 1995-12-21 Procédé et installation pour le traitement des résidus radioactifs par un liant hydraulique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0724271B1 (es)
DE (1) DE69508910T2 (es)
ES (1) ES2129786T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2728719A1 (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2302642A1 (fr) 2009-09-23 2011-03-30 Baltymore Procédé de traitement de matériaux solides radioactifs

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110648777B (zh) * 2019-06-20 2022-07-29 中国辐射防护研究院 一种低pH值放射性废液的高效水泥固化处理方法
CN110600158B (zh) * 2019-10-18 2024-03-29 中核四川环保工程有限责任公司 残留泥浆回取装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2024498B (en) * 1978-07-01 1982-10-13 B & R Eng Ltd Method of treating radiactive waste material
DE2951375A1 (de) * 1979-12-20 1981-07-02 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe Einrichtung zum einbetonieren von radioaktiven abfaellen in abfallfaessern
DE3343422A1 (de) * 1983-12-01 1985-06-20 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Verfahren zum konditionieren kontaminierten abfalls durch zementieren
DE3815082A1 (de) * 1988-05-04 1989-11-16 Wiederaufarbeitung Von Kernbre Verfahren und vorrichtung zum behandeln und zum foerdern von feedklaerschlamm zu einer verglasungseinrichtung
DE4023118A1 (de) * 1990-07-20 1992-01-30 Kernforschungsz Karlsruhe Verfahren zum endlagern von schwach kontaminiertem bauschutt aus dem abriss kerntechnischer anlagen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
JPH04221799A (ja) * 1990-12-25 1992-08-12 Toshiba Corp 放射性スラッジの処理方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2302642A1 (fr) 2009-09-23 2011-03-30 Baltymore Procédé de traitement de matériaux solides radioactifs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0724271A1 (fr) 1996-07-31
DE69508910T2 (de) 1999-09-30
FR2728719B1 (es) 1997-02-21
ES2129786T3 (es) 1999-06-16
DE69508910D1 (de) 1999-05-12
FR2728719A1 (fr) 1996-06-28

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