EP0721308A1 - Pneumatic sprung surface bearing and its uses - Google Patents
Pneumatic sprung surface bearing and its usesInfo
- Publication number
- EP0721308A1 EP0721308A1 EP94926213A EP94926213A EP0721308A1 EP 0721308 A1 EP0721308 A1 EP 0721308A1 EP 94926213 A EP94926213 A EP 94926213A EP 94926213 A EP94926213 A EP 94926213A EP 0721308 A1 EP0721308 A1 EP 0721308A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- container
- pneumatic
- surface bearing
- resilient surface
- bearing according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000001217 buttock Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010033892 Paraplegia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C23/00—Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases
- A47C23/06—Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases using wooden springs, e.g. of slat type ; Slatted bed bases
- A47C23/062—Slat supports
- A47C23/065—Slat supports by fluid means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pneumatic, resilient surface bearing with the following decisive properties:
- HI has a negative and positive displacement of the support elements with a total stroke h of at least the unloaded container height H and up to 3/4 H g ⁇ , the total height of the area storage .
- the pneumatic, resilient surface bearing is particularly advantageously used as a subframe for beds, couches or armchairs, where it enables optimal surface contour adjustment and pressure-compensating, slightly resilient storage in all lying and sitting positions of the human or animal body.
- the bed underframe or slatted frame many mechanical, aero- and hydropneumatic, resilient single-bearing constructions are known.
- Non-conventional bed subframes that are based on other functional principles, but pursue a similar goal as the area storage.
- a crossbar frame construction in which the crossbar ends each rest on a single piston-cylinder arrangement.
- the individual cylinder displacements are hydraulically or pneumatically connected to one another and provided with overflow channels (WO 89/01749).
- a multi-chamber construction with counter pressure springs which works on the principle of communicating vessels with a pneumatically displaceable bellows and on which individual crossbars rest on support rods.
- a bellows construction under single or double crossbars which are connected to each other via flow channels for pressure equalization and damping.
- vertical guidance and a forced coupling of the lifting movement of both crossbar ends are provided in order to avoid the kick-out effect (US 3,210,889). All these constructions have in common that they are much more complex than surface storage, have a significantly lower stroke / height ratio and only partially achieve properties I to III, but in no way achieve the sum.
- DE OS 3232123 specifies a slatted frame which consists of U-shaped side rails with a compressible tubular body, on which several crossbars are individually placed directly and fixed in welded-on pockets and can deflect into incisions in the U-rails.
- a very similar construction is described in the patent US 5038429, Fig. 1 (see also EP 0 378469), but here the tube body is still divided into individual "comparments" with overflow channels per crossbar placed (column 6, line 14f).
- the hose body is "compressible", i.e. if it is made of an expandable material and / or contains a gas filling.
- An aero bed consists of two air-filled, self-supporting longitudinal tubes on which crossbars rest.
- US 5038429 (practically identical to EP O 378469) also describes a tubular body divided into “compartments” in a hollow profile spar on which individual pistons with rectangular supports rest over the entire width of the tube (see FIG. 4 and column 6, claim 1 , Lines 15f and 19f). The subdivision into “compartments”, connected with overflow channels or membranes is necessary for a technically sensible functioning in stroke and damping.
- EP 0 489374 describes a slatted frame in which tubular chambers receive a fully adjacent, inflatable bellows, on which the supporting shafts of the crossbars resiliently rest. According to the invention, the bellows must be filled with gas.
- the displacement of the slats causes the hose to flatten transversely to the lifting movement and, in the case of an elastic wall, increases the volume of the hose body;
- the resilient storage is based on the change in volume of the container, the wall of which is advantageously chosen from an elastic material, and / or is brought about by introducing and compressing a delimited small gas volume.
- Medium-filled hose-like container is made by small-area support elements, the width b «1/6 B to 1/2 B of the hose width B and the length 1 « b to 3 b.
- the container height is H «1 B to 3 B.
- the indentation is created by rolling in the tube wall.
- the flexing work which is practically constant over the indentation process is negligible; the same applies to the medium transport work with slow adaptation predecessors, since this is proportional to the square of the flow velocity.
- the stretching work to extend the wall on the container surface in the V-shaped indentation only becomes decisive for h> H in the final phase of the contour adjustment and is highly material-dependent.
- the work W A to be taken into account must be carried out by changing the mass (height) distribution, transporting the container medium (advantageously water with a gelling agent) from the indentation into the bulge against gravity,
- the mass of the liquid medium may well be more than an order of magnitude smaller than that of the body to be stored, as a result of which the total weight of the surface bearing is kept within limits.
- Hose height H to about half.
- Liquid volume ⁇ V proportional to the opening radius R 4 and inversely proportional to the
- the surface of the support element can also be varied to adapt to the mass distribution of the human body.
- the behavior described in points I and I 'and the properties of the hose container according to the invention were obtained in many experiments with different types of containers and support elements in an experimental setup, one side wall of which was made of plexiglass for observation. Complex multi-chamber or multi-tube systems could thus be reduced to the simple, inversible and self-damping single-tube system with gelatin-like, incompressible filling, especially in the case of small-area support elements.
- the wall of the container is advantageously selected from an elastic material and / or a smaller part of the container volume, e.g. filled with a separate gas buffer volume in the foot area of the subframe.
- Support elements an elastic component, i.e. a progressive stroke pressure force
- Support elements a uniform, distributed and thus low punctual strain on the container wall; this also applies to the indentation area for support elements with rounded corners and edges and the above. Dimensional limits.
- the stroke h el due to the elastic volume change is significantly smaller h el «h / 5 to h / 10 compared to the shape change stroke h.
- the elastic lifting component h e! can advantageously be increased to h el «h / 3 to h / 2 by
- the elastic deflection for example the double cross bars, each connecting a support element in both side rails of the frame (see Fig. 3) and -
- the volume elasticity of the frame support the height of which can preferably be chosen to be about 1/3 H g ⁇ lower than that of normal mattresses.
- the support must also be designed so that it takes over the large possible frame stroke and does not hinder.
- the pneumatic, resilient surface bearing comes very close to the ideal lying and sleeping comfort. This is achieved as the mean of the floating or floating state of a body in a liquid, e.g. Sea water, with the same contact pressure everywhere and the state in which the supporting pressure forces correspond everywhere to the mass distribution. It is precisely this middle course that is used in the area storage system due to the low support pressure - building rough stroke adjustment and the mass-dependent, spring-loaded final storage, the contact pressure of which is averaged out by setting an average pressure in the container medium.
- the pneumatic, resilient surface bearing offers a similar sleeping comfort as the water bed, without having its disadvantages:
- Figures 1 to 4 illustrate the most important parts and functions of the invention, particularly for the main application, the pneumatic, resilient bed frame. They show the basic structure in a schematic manner and each represent only one of several possible designs and uses.
- Fig. 1 Schematic section of a pneumatic, resilient surface bearing consisting of a hose-shaped, shape and advantageously also volume-variable container 1, which is shown in the two extreme changes in shape of the negative indentation 8 and the positive bulge 9.
- Fig. 2 a) Cross section through a side structure of a pneumatic, resilient bed frame frame bearing with an asymmetrical U-profile-shaped side member 4 and a flexible central side wall 24 for receiving the hose container 1 with b) support elements 26 designed as an annular spring to increase the elastic stroke h ' e "and mattress topper 10.
- Fig. 3 Cross-section through a pneumatic, resilient bed, couch or armchair subframe with a low overall height H with two separate tubular containers 1 and 1 'in the two square profile side rails 34 and 34' and a lowered, inner mattress pad 10 '.
- Fig. 4 Cross section through a pneumatic, resilient bed frame with a stationary L-profile side member 44 and a lowerable inner wall 44 ', which is connected to an elastic rubber band 34 via an anchor-shaped support element 36 causes the deformation of the hose container 1.
- Fig. 1 shows a detail of a pneumatic, resilient surface bearing with a tube-like, changeable container 1, which is not filled with an incompressible medium 3 and is located in the U-shaped spar 4 with asymmetrical legs, and the movable side walls 4 ' and 4 ", which are advantageously guided in grooves or rails (not shown).
- the support pressure forces - F p and -F ' p are exerted on the container 1 via the preferably anchor-shaped support elements 6, 6', which are connected to the upper side walls 4 ". They can be used for the two strong, special deformations of the Guide container 1, the indentation 8 in the negative stroke direction and the positive bulge 9 beyond the equilibrium height H of the unloaded container, until the pressure p in the medium 2 is the same everywhere.
- the support elements 6, 6 ' are advantageously designed in the form of a T or an anchor and then result in an optimal design and shape of the indentation 8 with:
- Fig. 2 shows a cross section of the technically functional side part structure of a bed frame with mattress support 10 on the basis of the pneumatic, resilient surface bearing.
- An asymmetrical U-profile spar 4 encloses the container 1 with a width W 1/2 to 2/3 of its cross-sectional circumference.
- the container wall part extending over the short inner leg 14 of the U-spar 4 is surrounded by a flexible, thin-walled side wall 24 and largely prevented from bulging into the bed frame space transversely to the stroke displacement h.
- the flexible, preferably in the longitudinal direction of the spar 4 elastic side wall 24 is fastened, for example by a simple clip device 28 and 27, to the short inner leg 14 or the lower part of the support element 26, about which it is advantageously additionally looped.
- the flexible side wall 24 can consist of a single rubber band over the side rail lengths of, for example, 200 cm, with a wall thickness of approximately 1 to 2 mm. Since a rubber band that is subjected to tensile stress in the longitudinal direction shows a transverse contraction, it is more resistant to stretching transverse to the tensile direction.
- the upper movable side wall 24 ' is connected to the support element 26 and to a cap 23 made of commercially available soft plastic material for accommodating, for example, double crossbars 18, 18' made of spring wood strips on which the mattress support 10 lies.
- the movable upper side wall 24 'with the crossbars 18, 18' are guided vertically through a groove 15 in the long U outer leg 14 ', in which a roller 17 runs, the axis 25 of which is displaceable in the horizontal upper part 24 "of the side wall 24'
- the movable side wall 24 ′ When pressure is exerted by body support, the movable side wall 24 ′ can be lowered past the flexible wall 24 by turning the container 1 in to the base of the U-spar 4.
- the flexible side wall 24 takes part in the insertion process and compensates for height differences from the adjacent support elements by longitudinal expansion.
- an additional flexible, non-stretchable reinforcement tape e.g. made of fabric, with B / 2 to B width attached to the spar leg 14 and the ring spring 26, are stretched over the elastic side wall 24 attached.
- the flexible side wall 24 can also consist of individual longitudinal lamellae as a continuation of the ho .itenwand 14 without connection to the support elements 26, which can flip over to the container 1, but resist the bulge in the space between the bars.
- This laminated side wall must be segmented in the double cross bar spacing.
- This height is quite comparable to the overall height of a conventional subframe with a mattress.
- the pure surface storage stroke h tot «14 cm thus reaches almost 60% of the bed height including the mattress topper, without including the deflection of the crossbars 18, 18 'or the volume-elastic indentation of the support 10, which again contributes 4 to 6 cm of the stroke.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a further technically functional example of a solution for a bed surface storage subframe with a lowered, inner mattress support 10 '.
- Fig. 4 shows in cross section a bed frame with L-shaped stationary spar 44 and vice versa L-shaped, lowerable inner wall 44 '.
- the band of width B / 2 to 3 B / 2 runs past the side wall of the container 1 and is fastened to the lower part of the side wall 44.
- Rollers 27 can be used to guide and deflect the belt. The deflection of the band for attachment to the inner wall is advantageous in order to be able to place the outer part of the spar base on the side bolster supports of the bed frame.
- the additional elastic stroke component h ' el is provided by the elastic band, for example made of rubber.
- the container wall 2 partly rolls and partly slides on the side wall 44 '.
- the sliding can be promoted by the choice of the sidewall (surface) material and / or by e.g. Talc, are supported.
- the remaining static friction represents another damping factor.
- All described examples of the pneumatic, resilient subframe with support can be used in any conventional bed frame. Since these generally have sufficient ground clearance, a deflection of the transverse strips 18, 18 'and the mattress overlay 10 under the lower edge of the side rail is possible, as in conventional versions, in the example of FIG. 4 also the lowering of the inner side wall 44'. An angle adjustment of the head and leg section of the pneumatic subframe by at least + 30 ° or + 10 ° is possible.
- additional resilient elements telescopic spring bars, elastic crossbars and mattresses
- the use of two separate, symmetrical, tubular containers 1, 1 'in the two side rails of the lower frame results in a uniform load reaction and avoids the kick-out effect when boarding or when the bed is loaded from one side.
- the number of support elements 6, 6 ', etc., each connected to double crossbars, is advantageously 14 pieces arranged on a 200 cm bed beam at 14 cm intervals. Arrangements other than those described by way of example and combinations with known or modified sub-mattress elements and mattress pads are of course also possible.
- the extraordinarily high contour adaptability according to the invention with a very even contact pressure distribution without pressure peaks was checked and proven in many tests in the shoulder and buttocks area with three different prototypes with the Ergocheck® pressure mattress computer system.
- an adaptation to the weight of the body lying on it and the stress can optionally be carried out by one or more of the following constructive and functional measures:
- Area storage also for couches and armchair upholstery, e.g. for longer bedridden, spinal disc damaged and paraplegic people, as well as contour-adaptable area storage in (large animal) veterinary medicine.
Landscapes
- Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4331240A DE4331240A1 (en) | 1993-09-15 | 1993-09-15 | Pneumatic, resilient surface bearing and its uses |
DE4331240 | 1993-09-15 | ||
PCT/EP1994/002772 WO1995007644A1 (en) | 1993-09-15 | 1994-08-20 | Pneumatic sprung surface bearing and its uses |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0721308A1 true EP0721308A1 (en) | 1996-07-17 |
EP0721308B1 EP0721308B1 (en) | 1997-12-10 |
Family
ID=6497723
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94926213A Expired - Lifetime EP0721308B1 (en) | 1993-09-15 | 1994-08-20 | Pneumatic sprung surface bearing and its uses |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5784731A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0721308B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE160922T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4331240A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995007644A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001011999A1 (en) | 1999-08-14 | 2001-02-22 | Erhard Weber | Spherical object gel surface bearing |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4441476A1 (en) * | 1994-11-22 | 1996-05-23 | Erhard Dr Weber | Triflex three-point bridge suspension repository for crossbars in bed subframes with uses |
BE1012330A3 (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2000-09-05 | Complete Investments Ltd | Sprung structure for supporting the slats of a slatted base in relation to a frame |
EP1104660A1 (en) | 1999-12-01 | 2001-06-06 | Pendo Ergonomic Systems Ag | Bed |
DE20000477U1 (en) | 2000-01-13 | 2000-03-23 | Weber Erhard | Coupled wave band suspension for bed frames and mattresses |
US6401282B1 (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2002-06-11 | Hai Shum | Modular mattress system |
DE102007030667A1 (en) | 2007-07-02 | 2009-01-08 | Recticel Schlafkomfort Gmbh | Support structure for a mattress |
DE202008002110U1 (en) | 2008-01-11 | 2009-06-25 | Recticel Schlafkomfort Gmbh | Support structure for a mattress |
JP2022538727A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2022-09-06 | スリープ スマート ソリューションズ ゲーエムベーハー | furniture equipment for furniture |
DE102020005886B4 (en) | 2019-09-28 | 2022-03-17 | Manfred Tödter | alternating pressure bed |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1260092B (en) * | 1963-12-23 | 1968-02-01 | Dr Med Ludwig Zwehl | Seating and reclining furniture |
DE2832584C2 (en) * | 1978-07-25 | 1983-09-29 | Ludwig Dr.med. 3000 Hannover Zwehl | Furniture for sunbathing, in particular hospital beds |
EP0038155B1 (en) * | 1980-04-11 | 1984-07-25 | Gordon Douglas Griffin | An improved bed or the like |
DE3232123A1 (en) * | 1982-08-28 | 1984-03-01 | Rummel & Co KG, 8530 Neustadt | Slatted frame as a base for a mattress |
FR2641454A1 (en) * | 1989-01-09 | 1990-07-13 | Pierre Elmalek | SOMMIER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SOMMIER |
FR2650163B1 (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1991-11-22 | Chene Expansion Sarl Vieux | FIXING SYSTEM WITH VARIABLE SUSPENSION AND ARTICULATION, PARTICULARLY FOR BEDDING OR SEATS |
EP0489374A1 (en) * | 1990-12-06 | 1992-06-10 | Reinhard Hörburger | Slat support for mattresses and the like |
-
1993
- 1993-09-15 DE DE4331240A patent/DE4331240A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1994
- 1994-08-20 EP EP94926213A patent/EP0721308B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-20 US US08/612,831 patent/US5784731A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-08-20 DE DE59404788T patent/DE59404788D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-08-20 AT AT94926213T patent/ATE160922T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-08-20 WO PCT/EP1994/002772 patent/WO1995007644A1/en active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9507644A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001011999A1 (en) | 1999-08-14 | 2001-02-22 | Erhard Weber | Spherical object gel surface bearing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4331240A1 (en) | 1995-03-16 |
EP0721308B1 (en) | 1997-12-10 |
ATE160922T1 (en) | 1997-12-15 |
US5784731A (en) | 1998-07-28 |
WO1995007644A1 (en) | 1995-03-23 |
DE59404788D1 (en) | 1998-01-22 |
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