EP3370574A1

EP3370574A1 - Lying and seating element

Info

Publication number: EP3370574A1
Application number: EP16810242.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hans-Peter Woeste
Original assignee: Woeste Hans Peter
Current assignee: Woeste Hans Peter
Priority date: 2015-11-03
Filing date: 2016-10-20
Publication date: 2018-09-12
Also published as: WO2017076487A1; DE112016005030A5; DE202015007604U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a lying and seating element consisting of one or more interactive spring elements, characterised in that one or more spring elements (1, 1'), fully or partially and by means of shapings (2, 2', 3, 3', 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 18, 19) and/or devices (10, 12, 13, 13', 13", 14, 15, 16, 17, 20), applies against exerted pressure A a counter pressure A' higher than is the case of pressure B, which is exerted from the other side and against which a lower resistance B' is set, and as a result pressure A builds counter pressure A" in the relevant adjoining region.

Description

description

Lying and sitting element

The invention relates to a reclining and seat pad with spring elements that interactively support the body ergonomically. This can be used for mattresses, seating, cushions, spring wood frames - in the edge area as a ledge storage or over the entire surface as individual springs - as well as basically where body or objects are to be supported in a pressure-distributing manner.

In this case, the support of the spine in a natural position is of particular importance - and thus in particular the support of the lordosis areas as well as shoulder and buttocks. Furthermore, the point elasticity as gleichverteilende support in the small body area to ensure good blood circulation.

Foam and spring cores are known, which support different parts of the body with different hard zones. Due to the ergonomic differences in humans, these zones can never be accurately aligned, often resulting in counterproductive support for spine and point elasticity.

There are also approaches with interactive systems. In this case, distribute the spring elements or fluids depending on the introduced pressure, so that should be done without zones proper body support.

In the case of water and air mattresses, the pressure is distributed in all directions and, as a rule, cooling occurs, so-called hammock effect, which bends the lordosis downwards. Hydraulic systems, especially as mattress springs, in which individual support elements are fitted with e.g. Oil or tape are supported interact interactively in one direction. But even here, the heavier

Parts of the body - shoulder and buttocks - due to the unregulated pressure distribution not sufficient pressure in the lordosis area to lead, so that here too, the spine can bend down.

The patent DE 19930215c2 shows spring elements in circular form,

which support each other and thus distribute the pressure equally.

The published patent application DE 102005026013 A1 describes for a

Spring wood frame x-shaped spring elements that move each other and thus also distribute the pressure.

EP 1737314B1 similarly shows spring elements which by means of

Pressure belts move the spring elements depending on each other.

These writings are representative of approaches that postulate a basis for a uniform pressure distribution through interactive spring elements. The effect is similar to the above-mentioned systems: A vertical pressure is opposed by a horizontal equal pressure of the adjacent spring element, whereby the pressure cancel each other and spreads flat in the outer areas, bringing the spine, especially in the lordosis area for lack of additional support down can bend. The spring elements have linear spring characteristics and thus do not support body differentiation from. In addition, the postulated point elasticity is not guaranteed. Therefore, as with foam and spiral spring documents would also have different here

Hardness zones are installed.

Homogeneous pressure distributing spring elements such as e.g. round circular or ring springs from DE 19930215c2 must have a high material thickness to the

to bear resting body without internal deformation (collapse). The spring element must also horizontally overcome the same high resistance of the adjacent spring element, so that a total of too hard

Support arises and it can then lead to pressure points - lacking point elasticity - on the resting body.

Technically, the required material thickness especially in the

Offenlegungsschrift DE 102005026013 AI and EP 1737314B1 problematic.

The problem and the task is to create a recliner and seat pad that is universally for ergonomically different body

Spine in natural position supports with simultaneous point elasticity.

This problem is solved by the features listed in claim 1.

Accordingly, it is provided that interactive spring elements are provided with characteristics and or with devices, so that when a pressure is introduced from one side, for example vertically, a higher backpressure is generated than at a pressure introduced from another side, for example horizontally. wherein in each adjacent area in one or both directions, in particular disproportionately, a back pressure builds up.

The advantages achieved by the invention are that specifically in the

Lordosebereichen a required to support the spine pressure is built up. To support different heavy body and depending on comfort requirements, the spring characteristic line or spring stiffness (force / displacement) of the spring elements in the vertical and horizontal directions can be determined progressively, linearly, degressively and combined. This related to the spring elements themselves and or their arrangement side by side with the same and or

different spring characteristics or hardnesses and characteristics, devices. An advantageous embodiment would be e.g. a combined spring characteristic initially progressively flat in the vertical direction, i. more compliant runs for light persons, then tends to be linear for supporting relevant percentiles and then progressively steep, i. relentless increases to support increasingly heavier bodies, parts. The horizontal spring characteristic to be tuned, preferably flat, i. more yielding, it accelerates the postulated pressure build-up. This pressure build-up can also take place or be assisted by spring elements which are arranged side by side with different spring durations. They can also be homogeneous in themselves - e.g. circular - and e.g. as an expression only in material or form such. Different thickness, height etc.

Preference is given here spring elements with the same spring hardness, in order to without

Hardness zones, ie at every point of the pad a variety of body in to be able to support the natural position. This is also a prerequisite for a point-elastic support ie circulation-promoting pressure distribution in a small space. This is enclosed person and attending person

(Support of pelvic lordosis) desired and required. The

Pressure distribution or hardness of the lying and seat pad can whole or partial area depending on individual ergonomics claim with e.g. Bands are set. The principle can be applied to different systems: circular springs (detailed here), foam, metal spring cores, interactive systems, etc. This should be described as comprehensively as possible below. The example (see Fig. 1) or in particular based on circular springs shows: A preferably oval-shaped spring element has as expression above and below outwardly and centrally inwardly directed material projections, which vary in arrangement and size as needed to let. At vertical pressure, the projections increasingly press against each other, thus increasing the back pressure. If horizontal pressure is introduced in this same spring element, the projections open so that a small back pressure is created. So if two identical or unequal spring elements lie side by side, then the most loaded spring element pushes the adjacent,

counter pressure weaker spring element largely without pressure loss together and to the side. The introduced pressure is largely transmitted in the lateral direction of the adjacent spring element.

Proposed here as an expression of an oval shape of the spring element, i. the height is greater than the width. This supports the carrying capacity of the

Spring element static as a Torspitzbogen (or three-dimensional: egg) at vertical pressure. If the pressure comes from a horizontal direction, the ogive reverses and increases the spring element. This and the projections lead to a more load-bearing statics or increase the back pressure at vertically introduced pressure. That When a spring element is compressed vertically, the adjacent spring element requires significantly more vertical pressure to produce height compensation.

Basically, these functional features are required according to the test for a functional and comfortable body support.

Spring elements, which are burdened by the heavier shoulder and buttocks slide through their characteristics and devices that

intermediate spring elements in the lordosis region (see Fig. 2). Here are thus more spring elements with strong, perpendicular acting support the lordosis opposite. The characteristics and devices can also be aligned only on parts or one side of the spring element, whereby the vertical pressure is increasingly guided in only one direction of the horizontal plane. That the weight pressure of shoulder and buttocks thus builds up the support in the lordosis area from two directions and is held here. The projections can be modified or tuned for different body weights and comfort requirements in their spring characteristic or spring hardness.

The spring elements can also be called rhombus, honeycomb, accordion or

Combinations, etc. be pronounced, which can also distribute pressure points area and the hub can be changed. Instead of the projections described, it is also possible, for example, to use as progressions progressively extending material thicknesses and hardnesses for targeted back pressure. The same applies to material recesses or individual, additional projections or plates. The latter can partially direct the pressure upwards like a seesaw. Backing lamellae can be arranged outside the spring elements or within. These, as well as all other forms and devices, depending on the one- or two-sided arrangement direct the pressure in one direction, for example, in the lumbar region. The displacement of the pressure within the spring element is also possible, so that the pressure over parts of the spring element is distributed so as to minimize non-directional deformations or collapse (see above).

The spring elements may be unidirectional or multi-directional - e.g. crosswise or diagonally - be arranged. The lateral support of the body adds to the longitudinal direction, thereby lifting heavier parts of the body and optimizing the point elasticity in the transverse direction.

Basically, the support offers only in the transverse direction of

Benefits: The buttocks, shoulder and lordosis are separated longitudinally, but are interactively supported in the transverse direction, so that pressure A is not distributed in the head and foot area.

Also advantageous are differently sized and high spring elements, which in particular also generate a two-phase support or fine support. In addition to materials such as metal, plastic, etc., the operation can also be with e.g. Foam elements such as e.g. with the illustrated in Fig. 10, oval-shaped spring element. Also, containers with fluids, e.g. in the case of air containers inflate automatically by the restoring force of the foam to be embedded.

The foam itself has individual cells as spring elements, which can be aligned in the sense of the invention. Thus, the foam in the so-called Crashen (cell refraction) can be modified in the desired manner. So far, this method is used for better air conditioning by vertical walking of the foam. Here is proposed as an innovation a horizontal Crashen in the longitudinal and / or transverse / diagonal direction. The individual cells or the foam as a whole thus have a higher, vertical backpressure and can be pushed together as intended in the horizontal direction with little back pressure. Also here are as described characteristics and

Applicable devices.

As a device for the desired pressure distribution connecting, (un) elastic bands or strips can be used. These displace the horizontal pressure of a spring element on one or more spring elements, depending on the arrangement of fixable stoppers (= expansion-limiting

Device) on the belt. So can the expansion of all or individual

Spring elements are limited in one or both horizontal directions, i. the counter-pressure to the body pressure increases analogously to the protrusions of FIG. 1. Thus, the hardness of the underlay can be individually determined individually on the one hand by pressure, i.

Pushing together the spring elements on the other hand by train, i.

Pulling apart the spring elements interconnected in this case. This also applies to partial surfaces that can be controlled physically, for example also in the sense that spring elements do not expand over a large area

(Pressure loss in outdoor area), but the neighboring spring elements to attract and thus specifically lift heavy body parts.

The bands can also be seen as a sole device for the connection of the otherwise separated spring elements. This is what the

Spring elements increased clearance in the vertical direction or pull the band partially down and shorten it, creating train on the adjacent spring elements, so that pressure B comes from the side and pressure A 'increases.

Advantageous are additional supports that act on the band and thus generate train. If this band or strip is pressure-resistant and preferably arched, the supports can analogously raise the adjacent supports without putting the spring elements under tension.

The bands or strips can also be used above and below the spring elements. The practiced pressure is the adjacent

Pull spring elements depending on fixation points to him and here increase the back pressure upwards. This applies to the different types of springs. In the case of e.g. Foam can be a strip flat or curved, fixed in whole or in part, so distribute the pressure or even compress the foam itself or pull apart. Is it around a e.g. oval-shaped foam element, this is itself an independent, pressure-distributing spring element.

The latter can also be achieved with a compressive elastic strip, e.g. is formed as a circular arc or segment and can react depending on the compressive stiffness without supporting foam. · Above the spring elements used bands or strips will also level pressure points below it will reduce the sinking in the Schaumabdeckurig and depending on the fixations of the individual spring elements to minimize sliding on the surface. This is advantageous to counteract the pressure shift in the outer regions of the lying and sitting element and thus the hammock effect.

The preferred slip resistance of the spring elements in the horizontal direction can be realized either on the entire base or on partial surfaces, whereby also anti-slip materials such. Foam, foils, textiles etc.

are to be used. In principle, it is advantageous to allow the spring element to rotate on the adjacent support, but less to the horizontal displacement of the same. On the other hand, if the spring elements are aligned in such a way that they only move in one direction, then there is a sliding one

Underlay advantageous. Functionally, a shift in the lumbar region would be desirable. This should be arranged so that no counterproductive zoning occurs.

The spring elements can also be arranged in two or more layers one above the other. The vertical pressure points are distributed in a smaller space, which increases the point elasticity. In the horizontal direction, the pressure is distributed to two or more spring elements, so that here also a favorable, because stabilizing distribution takes place. Preferably, the spring elements are fixed at all adjacent points, which according to the above embodiments is pressure distributing and stabilizing. The

Fixations of the spring elements act similar to a band as described above, so that additional supports can also be used here.

The spring elements can also be arranged offset, whereby the stability can be increased and the fixations z.T. can be omitted, so that the

Spring elements in the desired direction can generate pressure and train. Here too, additional support elements could be used which shift the pressure point downwards (see above) and can specifically generate tension. The spring elements themselves may e.g. in conjunction with tape act as a support.

In principle, the described modes of operation can be transferred to different spring elements. So these can be e.g. be arranged as one or more superposed circle segments or as a spiral, which is vertically and horizontally applicable and in which also offers the use of bands described above.

Furthermore, if the described circular shape according to FIGS. 1/21 is opened, then e.g. provided with projections flexible strips that allow self-supporting, pressure-distributing slats.

Basically, a simple production of the above-described basic shape (see Fig. 1) as extruded profile based on one or more, contiguous

Spring elements realized in the extrusion process. As with a foam block with downstream cuts, the spring elements could be completely or partially separated and formed. For complex, especially three-dimensional shapes (see Fig. 8, 9) ^! also offers an injection molding process.

The device strip (13, see Fig. 12) may be disposed within the spring elements or simplistic outside. Thus, the spring elements with a would ⁱ rod connected as a stopper. A hereon, attached single band can then control several spring elements simultaneously. For squeezing or

Pulling apart the spring elements lends itself to the use of commercially available fittings such as ratchets, the outside of the lying and sitting element, for. supported by a board to fix. It is expedient u.a. also a threaded rod that shortened or extended a threaded tube - attached to the spring element.

Overall, the spring elements can be used as a direct spring base such. Mattress core, cushion or seat cushion. But you can also indirectly as

Springback for e.g. Slats of a slatted frame or seat and back of a chair are used. The described embodiments,

Values and devices are not exhaustive. But they should clarify the principle.

The following drawings and descriptions of the invention include this. The figures show three-dimensional spring elements with exemplary

Characteristics and devices. Figures 2, 11, 12 and 21 are off

Clarity reasons shown as a cross section.

In Figures 1 -1 1 show the principle and some characteristics and devices based on the individual spring element. Figures 12-14 in detail, as a device in particular, include bands and strips for displacing the pressure B and increasing the pressure A ', respectively.

Figures 15-16 show possible arrangements by means of fixations of

Spring elements support the principle.

Figures 17-21 illustrate modifications.

Fig. 1 shows schematically the principle as follows: on an oval spring element 1, 1 '(body) pressure A is exerted. The statics of the upper / lower ogive creates backpressure A '. At the same time press the preferably progressively formed projections 2, 3 increasingly, against each other and thus increase the

Back pressure A '. As the pressure A increases, the spring element 1 deforms and generates the pressure B, which acts horizontally on the spring element 1 '. In this case, only a small counterpressure B 'will arise, since the pointed arch reduces its radius and the projections 2', 3 'open. The dimensions of the

Spring element decreases horizontally and increases vertically. Both lead to a high build up of the pressure A. "All or part

Design of the projections 2, 3 determines the progressive, linear, degressive or combined spring characteristic or spring hardness. Rejuvenate e.g. the

Projections 2 to the center and the projections 3 to the outside, so the runs

Spring characteristic progressive, i. the pressure A is initially lower and

increasingly higher pressure A 'opposite. In direction B, the lower back pressure B 'remains. This principle can be varied in many ways by omitting the addition, size, opposition, etc. of the projections 2, 3. The printing direction B can be correspondingly forced by e.g. on one side differently pronounced projections 2, 3 or replacement of the projections 3 by projections 2 (see, inter alia.

Execution Fig.3, Fig. 17) or spring elements 1, with a total of

different spring hardness, in which case the harder spring element pushes the softer in the direction B, as this generates lower back pressure B '.

2 illustrates the principle on the overlying body in the longitudinal direction:

The shoulder zone and the gluteal zone cause pressure A on the spring elements 1 and push with pressure B horizontal spring elements in the lumbar region. Due to the compression of the spring element 1 'here, which also has a higher

Have supporting force, since the ogive decreases in radius, the lordosis is efficiently supported with pressure A ''.

The same applies to the neck lordosis and leg area. Of the

Body pressure is distributed over a small area in the sense of point elasticity and over a large area to support the spine in a straight, natural position. In this case it is advantageous for supporting heavy bodies, parts, the spring elements 1, 1 'with progressive spring characteristic, i. equip with increasing sinking depth with higher back pressure A '. The support can also be done by

Spring elements 1, 1 'with different spring characteristics or - hardening. So would be e.g. in the lordosis softer spring elements 1 'can be used, which are supported by the adjacent harder spring elements 1, which support reinforced heavy body parts, or vice versa harder spring elements 1', which reinforces the lordosis reinforced independently. The spring elements 1,

1 'interact within the zones. Between the zones or spring elements 1, can approach pressure B and back pressure (Β ') to the point of reversal. The spring characteristics may vary from spring element to spring element successively or be arranged in zones. Zoning is not preferred here, but may be technically useful or supportive.

Preferably, the spring elements 1, 1 'are limited to the edge in their extension by fixations such. Foam 15 or ribbon (see ff). The

Spring elements 1, 1 'can be arranged instead of in the longitudinal direction in the transverse / diagonal direction to the overlying body. Also here are heavy

Body parts raised by the interactive support. It is advantageous that the pressure is not displaced from the Lordosebereich. Accordingly, a combination of longitudinally and transversely directed spring elements 1, offers (see Fig.8, 9, 19).

The spring elements 1, 1 'should form a core similar to the commercial spring cores made of metal. Thus, they are bordered with foams and references. If the spring elements 1, 1 'used as a warehouse for strips, so they can also form a slatted frame. Expanded is a segment spring frame feasible, in which a plurality of spring elements 1, 1 'are used, which preferably act in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

Fig. 3 shows the spring element 1 as an alternative to the projections 2, 3, Fig. L with laterally progressively increased material thickness 4, the increasing pressure A 'generates or minimizes pressure B'. Different material thicknesses 4, 4 '(see Fig. 17) cause pressure B strengthened in the direction of the weaker material thickness 4' is transferred, which increases the pressure build-up in the lumbar region with a corresponding arrangement. The advantage here is that the material strength 4 '

stronger than the thickness of the pointed arch. An alternative or

Supplement is the lamella 9, which also allows a body-dependent placement easy. At pressure A, it increases the back pressure A '. At pressure B, it produces ^' little back pressure B'.

FIG. 4 shows material recesses 5 which specifically counteract the pressure A / B by the counterpressure A7B '. This also allows forms to be modified.

In Fig. 5, a plate 6 is shown, which the pressure A increasingly pressure A 'opposes supported by fold 7. This also allows the pressure point in the ogive be leveled. In addition, the plate 6 acts as a rocker, which displaces the pressure A "into the edge region-usefully into the region of the lordosis.] Form 8 is attached to the spring element 1 and likewise generates counterpressure

A '. The band 13 with stoppers 14 increases, for example, in elastic form the back pressure A 'and minimizes the back pressure B'. In an inelastic form, a pressure distribution takes place within the spring element 1. Pressure A on the left increases pressure A "on the right side (see Figures 1, 12, and 21).

Here it offers u u. optimizing production - instead of the belt 13 e.g. to use a folded (accordion) strip that reacts elastically.

Fig. 6 shows lamellae 9,9 'fixed here eg below and are freely movable above. At pressure A, you create pressure B in the lower area of the spring element 1 or upper area. In both cases, the preferred direction of compression, for example, can be forced into the lordosis area. The lamellae 9,9 'can even be spring elements, for example in the form of an accordion or coil spring, in order to additionally support and counteract a possible loss of height under continuous load. Support element 10 is arranged as a counter-pressure element by way of example on the ground and can be realized for example as a foam cut.

Fig. 7 shows two blades 1 1, 1 1 ', which are arranged crosswise in the spring element 1 and optionally one or two sides are displaceable depending on

Arrangement of stoppers 14. As a result, pressure B is displaced by minimizing pressure losses due to deformations of the spring element 1 in the bottom area. The horizontal stroke increases.

The slats 1 1, 1 Γ are covered with a one-sided fixed plate 6 or z. B. a, interposed body, which moves at pressure A in the direction of the cross and pushes it apart.

In FIG. 8, the spring elements 1, 1 'are arranged crosswise so that they can generate pressure B in the longitudinal direction and add pressure B in the transverse direction. Heavier bodies such as the buttocks would be additionally supported in this way, as well as the lordosis area, in which case the pressure B can not or only indirectly distribute in the longitudinal direction. Depending on the shape, an additional point elasticity in the transverse direction would be generated. As mutually equal expression, e.g. Spherical, preferably arranged offset, is the

Extension also possible in diagonal direction. In closed form, these may also include fluids, optionally individually or together to fill. The spring elements 1, 1 'can be wholly or partially connected to one another or arranged one above the other or freely slidable into one another to allow desired pressure distributions. Advantageously, an independent, i.

staggered arrangement of the spring elements 1, 1 'be to avoid possible opposing pressure releases. The transverse spring elements are thus located between the longitudinally directed spring elements 1 (see Fig. 16). In conjunction with adjustable bands 13 (see below), an additional transverse arrangement of the same would be advantageous in order to be able to support reinforced body parts reinforced. Fig. 9 shows a transverse spring element 1 'with reduced height. Thus, two-phase support would be possible, i. first spring element 1 then reacts with increasing pressure A spring element. This is advantageous for different body weights. Spring element 1 'may also be parallel, i. be arranged longitudinally and also represent another type of spring such as foam.

Fig. 10 shows a spring element 1 made of foam according to the above principle. how spring element 1 in Fig. 3 works. Supporting may be centrally integrated with an open spring element 12 made of plastic or a closed container 12 with fluids. In the latter case, in the case of trapped air, the foam can fill the container 12 by suction.

In the use of foam as a spring element 1 different cuts / shapes in conjunction with the described characteristics and devices are possible. This should not be carried out here.

11 shows, as described above, the foam with individual cells, which can each be seen as spring elements 1, 1 '.

By horizontal crashing (longitudinal and or transverse), the irregular cells are transferred into elongated cells, which oppose the high pressure A 'at pressure A. In the case of pressure B, only a slight pressure B 'is present, since the cells are increasingly broken in the vertical direction, ie in the upper and lower regions, with which they react in a manner similar to spring element 1 in FIG. With integrated strips 13 ', 13 "or foils, the pressure conditions can be regulated with foam: The curved strip 13" and the straight strip 13' form with adjustable stoppers 14 a circle segment, which itself represents a spring element Γ ". thus, pressure A "in the adjacent area increases as the radius here decreases, which also reduces backpressure B '. In principle, the mode of operation is comparable to that of several spring elements as described in FIG. 1 (see also FIGS. 12 and 21).

The segment of the circle can be used to support foam or other types of spring and also as a stand-alone spring element 1. It is advisable to use this for a limited length, for example in the lordosis region.

The strips 13 ', 13 "can also regulate separately: hardness-regulating

Merging or pulling apart of the spring elements 1, analogous to FIG. 12.

Advantageous here would be interlocking (foam) recesses. Overall, a bond with the spring elements 1, 1 'be supportive.

In principle, the strips 13 ', 13 "can be arranged centrally, under or above the spring elements 1, 1. Depending on the compressive rigidity, the strips 13', 13" also react without supporting foam (compare also FIG.

FIG. 12 shows, analogously to FIG. 2, a belt 13 guided by the spring elements Ι as a device for increasing the counterpressure A 'or the displacement of the pressure B by stoppers 14, shown on the right edge of the drawing: the stopper 14 is on the belt 13 fixes and limits the extent of the

Spring element 1 'beyond this point. When pressure A on spring element 1 so its vertical sides are hardened by counterpressure or train B ", ie the back pressure A 'increases.Positive at the top and bottom stopper 14, 14', so to the extent of all spring element With the freely fixable stoppers 14, 14 ', the band 13 can be shortened so that the spring elements as a whole harden together or increase the counterpressure A' over the entire surface

People set. Basically, a bias also enforces the

Pressure build-up A "with less loaded spring elements 1". If the stopper 14 "is located, for example, in the center on the left side of the gluteal zone, then a partial surface can be hardened with stoppers 14, 14" so as to support special, especially heavy parts of the body - here buttocks.

The spring element 1 "can not be displaced to the left via the stopper 14", but the spring element "to the right" (see Fig. 17) .This is pressure-compensating when the shoulder is loaded in a lateral position. 'analogue, ie used on the left and right sides, then pressure A' 'will build up in the middle of the lordosis area.' The reverse path (hammock effect) is prevented by stoppers 14 ", 14" '.

With a plurality of shortenable bands 13, 13 "', the pressure A" is additionally increased, for example with stoppers 14 ", 14". This can also be simplified with only one band 13 can be realized by contracting the stopper 14 ", 14" 'deflecting. So also cable pull effects can be realized.

Through various use of stoppers 14 so the lying and sitting element can be adjusted body-specific. The tape can also be used as the sole fixation of the otherwise separated

Spring elements 1 can be seen. The sides of the spring element 1 pull the band 13, which is limited in length from stoppers 14, 14 ', between the adjacent spring elements 1 "downwards and thus shorten it., Pull or pressure B" arises from the opposite direction and thus supports counterpressure A'. (see.

Fig. 13).

However, the basic fixing 15 of all spring elements 1 to each other is also advantageous - independently of the belt 13. On the one hand, the stability increases, on the other hand pressure A is displaced by rotation of a spring element 1

Counterpressure A 'and train B "in the adjacent spring element 1 (see also FIG.

15). In addition, then all spring elements 1, 1 'instead of pushing together also pull apart, so as to increase the hardness spectrum.

If the spring elements 1, instead of arranged in the longitudinal direction in the transverse direction to the resting body, then bands 13 and strips 13 'are used analogously.

With the use of an elastic band 13, the pressure shift can be specified. In addition, a possible loss of height is compensated for continuous load. With inelastic band 13 a manual contraction is possible in this regard. In addition, the height stability can be generated by using additional spring elements such as spirals, foam, torsion springs etc. or by material mix.

The band 13 'may be formed as a band, strip or blanket, etc. and be mounted above the spring elements 1, where there are pressure peaks of the

Spring elements 1 leveled or below 13 ", whereby it can increase the z.T. desired vertical freedom of movement of the spring elements 1, the

Sinking it in e.g. Foam pad minimized and, depending on the version, the displaceability of the spring elements 1, 1 'controls. In addition, the bands 13 'or ceilings such as e.g. flat textiles, preferably elastic here, the spring elements 1 under certain circumstances by gluing.

Analogous to Fig. 1 1, the strip 13 'here in the field of

Spring elements 1 "shown as a pressure-resistant, curved element. It forms with fixations on the spring elements or on the band 13 a circular segment which increases the pressure A" in the lordosis region supportive.

Overall, the bands 13 and strips 13 'optimize the principle. But they also optimize conventional systems such as foam, spring cores, interactive systems, by compressing the spring elements over the entire surface or in body zones hardening or pull apart softening.

The spring elements 1 may be supported on non-slip materials, e.g. easier to be pushed into the lumbar region - useful in one-sided pressure alignment (see Fig. 17). Advantageous but is the anti-skid

Storage of the spring elements 1, 1 'so that the pressure A' not from the

Lordosebereichen pressure B is shifted, which is the well-known

Hammock effect or bending of the spine in this area can lead. Slip-enhancing materials would be specific as partial surfaces

Use lumbar areas. Overall, a rotation of the spring elements 1, 1 'around fixings 15 is advantageous in a rather stationary state (see FIG

Support element 10). Fig. 13 shows the belt 13 as a pressure-shifting device. The support 16 with plate 6 leaves at pressure A, the supports 16 of the adjacent

Spring elements 1 'increase the pressure A "At the same time pulls the tape

pressure increasing the spring elements 1, together. Depending on the length of the

Supports 16, the spring element 1 in addition to the pressure on the

Increase adjacent spring elements.

Especially with directional characteristics and devices (see Fig. 17, 18), the effective pressure build-up in the lordosis area is possible. The pages of

Spring elements 1, can act as a support 16 'itself.

14 shows analogously to FIG. 7 two lamellas 11, 11 'which shift the pressure A downwards onto the band 13, as a result of which tension B "can build up, analogously to FIG. 13. The spring element 1 will build up low back pressure B'. The louvers 1 1, 1 1 '(cover, body analogous to FIG. 7) can also be used to increase the stroke to the side Instead of the lamellae 1 1, 1 Γ, other inserts, such as foam, can be used, thus providing additional support in relation to the band

13 takes place. If the insert is inelastic, it can increase the tension B "by shortening the length of the strap 13.

In Fig. 15, the spring elements 1, 1 'are smaller and one above the other and preferably arranged at all adjacencies with fixings 15, whereby stability is achieved and the trained pressure A divided into two places in pressure B, so that inefficient deformations is counteracted.

The fixings 15 rotate at pressure A and thus shift it partially into

Print A "or obliquely directed train (see Figure 12, fixation 15).

This two-layered variant increases the point elasticity and can also be implemented optimally in three or multi-layered as well as longitudinal and / or transversal embodiments, wherein the described characteristics and devices can be used here *. In this regard, e.g. a support 16 shown in the lower spring element pressure B and in the upper spring element 1 train B "generated, whereby the spring elements 1, pressure A" build with reduced displacement on the ground. Analog would be a band 13 through the upper and or lower

Spring elements appropriate.

With several superimposed spring elements 1, 1 'ff, it is advisable to provide the lower and middle spring elements with increased spring hardness in order to produce a progressive support. Lightweight persons are supported so well in the upper area, heavier persons in the middle area, whereby the upper area promotes the point elasticity. It would be advantageous in this case to design the upper spring elements 1 to be smaller, preferably in the ratio 2: 1 in each case. The spring hardness can also be different horizontally in order to support body zones in a targeted manner.

Fig. 16 shows an offset arrangement of the spring elements 1, 1, '. This is stabilizing and allows fixings 15 in the desired manner, i. with additional range of motion, to use.

In the example, the pressure A shifts downwards and thus activated intensively activates the lower spring elements in pressure B. When using a band 13, eliminating the fixations 15 spring element 1 "raise the spring element 1 and increase the pressure A" or train B " generate (see Fig. 13). Fig. 17 illustrates in detail the displacement of the pressure A in only one direction of pressure B, as intended in the lordosis region (see Fig. 3 ff).

In the direction B, travel with respect to adjacent spring elements 1, P or within the spring element 1, P itself, etc.

a) Lower material thickness 4. b) Larger radius 4 or height leads to larger stroke. c) support 16 presses against the lower curvature of the spring element 1, whereby this moves in the direction B, d) plate 6- fixed to spring element 1 - pushes spring element P in direction B. e) support 10 - fixed to the base - pushes spring elements , P in direction B. f) Band 13 with stoppers 14 allow expansion only in direction B. g) If one or more spring elements 1, P are not vertical, but inclined, they tilt to the side and thus shift the pressure A in the direction B, wherein the tilting movement by the cited

Expressions and devices can be forced.

An opposing, ie from the outside to the center running arrangement - optionally with increasing, falling spring hardness - the characteristics and devices allows buttocks and shoulder so to build pressure in the lordosis area. If the characteristics and devices are arranged inversely from the center to the outside, the lordosis region, preferably with higher spring stiffness, displaces the pressure B in the direction of the shoulder and buttocks. This can also be designed to stretch the spine according to orthopedic requirements. Special shapes and combinations are possible in a variety of ways.

In Fig. 18, the spring elements 1, P are halved and thus appear as

Waveform that realizes big stroke and stabilizing effect. The pressure A is laid down and develops here by moving the horizontal pressure B. Fixations 15 can control the pressure distribution as well as open

Guides 17, which allow a partial displacement. Again, multilayer and opposite arrangements are possible and

production technology u.U. to favor. So can the wave mountains

be arranged opposite, possible also in offset by one

To force pressure direction.

The drawn plates 6 can be seen as a supplement to the embodiments Fig. 17. They overlap one another and allow the free, vertical stroke in only one direction: preferably lordosis area. This function is generally applicable to spring elements and systems.

In Fig. 19, the crosswise (vertical, horizontal) arrangement (see Figure 8, 9) of the spring elements 1, P is given, and these should be connected to each other. At pressure A, counterpressure A 'is generated by the spring element P, which draws adjacent, further spring elements by pressure B "in order to increase the counterpressure A' even more.This shape also has the advantage that the upper part of the spring element 1 offers softer comfort.

Fig. 20 shows the principle by means of a spiral, wherein a spiral winding as a spring element 1, P can be seen or a closed mold connected to a spiral arm 18 as shown here. The pressure A on the spring element 1 is guided firstly in the longitudinal direction with pressure B, and secondly in the transverse direction through the spiral arm 18 with pressure B '", which leads the back pressure A' into the spring element 1 '(see FIG. Overall, the spiral extends in the direction B "'. For example, a plastic jacket of spiral windings, as in ventilation pipes, the spiral will be, similar to the bands 13, on the other hand

contract. The principle works even if the spiral is arranged vertically, as in commercial spring cores made of metal. The spiral arms 18 press in the low-material region of the spiral winding (spring element 1, 1 '), where this pronounces the pointed arch, which in turn to the adjacent

Spring element 1, 1 'hardening and simultaneously generates height generating.

When using z. B. metal - preferably flat steel - winding sections could be immersed in a material adhering here to achieve the desired compressive strengths in a simple manner. For spirals - also commercially available - it is advisable to use bands 13 and strips 13 'in the manner described. In this case, the spiral turns hardening can be drawn into each other. FIG. 21 shows an analogy to FIG. The oval-shaped spring element 1 (Figure 1) is open and as a horizontal e.g. cantilever spring element 1 shown. Projections 2 are in this case on a flexible element, e.g. Strip 13 'or bar 19 arranged. At pressure A, these compress together and realize the back pressure A '. The pressure B generates in the adjacent area a supporting pointed arc in that the projections 2 'open here (low pressure B') and thus generate pressure A " Ends limited by eg frame or band 13, 13 'in their extension.

With fixations 15 or adjustable stoppers 14 is an additional

Hardening of the spring element 1 allows. Between strip 13 or strip 13 'provided here and strip 19, a deposit 20 of e.g. Foam, preferably as described in Figure 1 1, which supports the desired deformation. The same applies to additional strips 13 ".

This spring element 1 could be used in the transverse direction as a base in the form of a slatted base and lift heavy body parts with simultaneous point elasticity. Similarly, the use is wholly or partly in

Longitudinal possible.

Claims

claims

Couch and seat element characterized by one or more interactive Federelementei, characterized

that one or more spring elements (1, 1 ') in whole or in part by forms (2,2', 3,3 ', 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1 1, 18, 19) and or devices (10, 12, 13, 13 '13 ", 14, 15, 16, 17, 20) oppose an applied pressure A higher back pressure A' than a pressure applied from the other side B, in which lower resistance B 'is opposed, so that pressure A builds up in at least one adjacent area back pressure A ".

Couch and seat element according to claim 1

characterized,

that the one or more spring elements (1, 1 ') by Ausprägungen (2,

2 ', 3,

3 ',

4,

5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 18, 19) and or devices (10, 12, 13, 13 '13 ", 14, 15, 16, 17, 20) have a linear, progressive or declining spring characteristic in FIG

have vertical and or horizontal direction.

Lounger and seat element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

that the one or more spring elements (1,) of material plastic, metal, foam, wood or combinations and of different types of springs such as ring, plate, leaf, thigh, bar springs, spirals or

Combinations exist and preferably have a greater height than width as preferred here is an oval-shaped expression.

in that devices such as strips (13), strips (13 ^' ) and / or shapes such as projections (2, 2', 3, 3 ', 8) reinforce material (4, 4 ^' ) and lengths, radii, material recesses (5), Plates (6), lamellae (9, 9 ', 1 1, 1 1') in one direction by, for example, pressing against each other or clamping back pressure A 'build in the other direction by pushing apart or

Relax counterpressure B 'minimize, being different

counterpressure generating parts and / or inclination of the or

Spring elements (1,) can determine the pressure direction and strength B.

that the one or more spring elements (1, P, 1 ", Γ") are provided individually or in combination with one or more elastic or inelastic, length-adjustable bands (13) or strips (13 ', 13 ") for increasing,

Reduction or displacement of the resistors Α ', B or Β', B ", wherein band (13) and strips (13, 13 ') are used individually or in combination as e.g.

Circle segment itself can form a spring element (1).

6. deck and seat element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the spring element or elements (1, 1) have a preferably limited and / or directed freedom of movement due to devices such as strip (13), strips (13 ', 13 "), support element (10), plates (6), stoppers (14, 14'). , 14 "), fixations (15), guide (17) or by adjacent

Material such as foam pads, films, textiles, etc., which also allow either a sliding of the spring elements (1, Γ).

7. deck and seat element according to one of the preceding claims

characterized,

that the one or more spring elements (1,) by their arrangement, fixings (15), bands (13), strips (13 '), supports (16, 16'), lamellae (9, 9 '1 1, 1 Γ) u.a.m. transmit the pressure A in pressure B or train B "and so build up the pressure A ''.

8. deck and seat element according to one of the preceding claims

characterized,

that the one or more spring elements (1, 1 ') are arranged longitudinally and or transversely, one or more layers in the same or different

Height characteristic and spring hardness and are completely or partially connected.

9. deck and seat element according to one of the preceding claims

characterized,

that the one or more spring elements (1,) are three-dimensionally pronounced in orderly or disorderly arrangement such as foam, which can build or reduce the resistors A7B 'also by targeted refractions of the spring elements (1, Γ) or cells.

10. deck and seat element according to one of the preceding claims

characterized,

that the one or more spring elements (1, 1 ') form a spiral whose open turns as spring elements (1, P) can be defined or its closed spring elements (1, Γ) with additional spiral arm (18) are connected and that the spirals vertically , horizontally or in combination can be arranged.

1 1. deck and seat element according to one of the preceding claims

characterized,

that the one or more spring elements (1,) form a circular arc, e.g. as a curved, self-supporting bar (19), preferably supported by band (13) or strip (13 ', 13 ") and or additional support member such as foam insert (20), wherein on the bar (19) projections (2) at pressure A itself squeeze and so create the back pressure A 'and in the adjacent area the projections (2') at a reduced pressure B 'spread apart and so build back pressure A ".