EP0715933B1 - Cutting rule - Google Patents

Cutting rule Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0715933B1
EP0715933B1 EP95117933A EP95117933A EP0715933B1 EP 0715933 B1 EP0715933 B1 EP 0715933B1 EP 95117933 A EP95117933 A EP 95117933A EP 95117933 A EP95117933 A EP 95117933A EP 0715933 B1 EP0715933 B1 EP 0715933B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting edge
punching
cutting
punch
knife
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP95117933A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0715933A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Prof. Dr. Grebe
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Karl Marbach GmbH and Co KG
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Karl Marbach GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/44—Cutters therefor; Dies therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0053—Cutting members therefor having a special cutting edge section or blade section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0086—Cutting members therefor having a radiussed blunt cutting edge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/384—Cutting-out; Stamping-out using rotating drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/40—Cutting-out; Stamping-out using a press, e.g. of the ram type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/44—Cutters therefor; Dies therefor
    • B26F2001/4472—Cutting edge section features
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/929—Tool or tool with support
    • Y10T83/9411—Cutting couple type
    • Y10T83/9423—Punching tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/929—Tool or tool with support
    • Y10T83/9411—Cutting couple type
    • Y10T83/9423—Punching tool
    • Y10T83/9428—Shear-type male tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/929—Tool or tool with support
    • Y10T83/9454—Reciprocable type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a punch knife for punching out Parts of any shape made of paper, cardboard, cardboard, plastic films, Leather, rubber and the like, the cutting edge being a, rounding with a radius.
  • Punch knives e.g. from DE-PS 33 17 777 C1 are known, are preferred in steel strip punching tools for Punching out parts of any shape from flat materials in particular folding box blanks used. she are also increasingly used in rotary punching tools for the same purposes.
  • the punch knives have three requirements: 1. that the material reliably and over the entire punching area must be completely separate so that in the subsequent work stages no production disruptions occur, 2. that the cut impeccably low in dust and fibers with smooth cut edges fails and 3. that the cutting edge wear is as low as possible should be what is expressed in the number of good die cuts. These three requirements are current Cutting inadequate to achieve.
  • the cutting edges of the well-known punch knives are usually by grinding, scraping partly generated by lapping, starting from the idea that the cutting edge is as sharp as possible should be.
  • Cutting edges are clearly below 0.010 mm, but an uneven microsaw-like contour own and the smallest whiskers due to the manufacturing process cling to. These cutting edges must first interact equalize with the material to be cut, smooth out, and then afterwards the best possible cut quality can be achieved. Depending on To do this, several thousand punching strokes are required.
  • the punching lines Due to the manufacturing process, the punching lines have height differences of +/- 0.02 mm. There are also additional height tolerances from the Punching machines, tool manufacturing and handling the punching processes.
  • the procedure is such that the punch is pressed drives until at least 50% of all interfaces are cut are. Then stick it with suitable tapes the remaining height differences of varying strength balanced.
  • the box cut are in a steel strip die up to 100 meters of punching lines, from which follows that the compensation of the height differences, in the technical language Called "dressing", a lot of care, experience and takes many hours to complete Punching machine stands. These dressing times are in some Cases longer than the subsequent actual production time. These machine dead times cause unproductive additional costs. This often leads to the punch being brought together so far to drive that the majority of the punching lines separate around the Price that most of the cutting edges are damaged up to gets destroyed. The cutting edge is undefined under the excess pressure deformed. This results in an unclean cut, in which dust and punch hair form increasingly, bursting Cardboard covers and cardboard backs. The service life of such Punching knife is significantly reduced, so the tools must be replaced prematurely, i.e. corresponding additional costs cause.
  • the cutting edges can increase the service life be coated to reduce wear and friction.
  • Such coatings have a generally ceramic character extremely high hardness, but are correspondingly brittle. Own Studies have shown that these reduce wear Layers due to cutting edge damage also be destroyed to ineffectiveness.
  • a cutting knife for cutting is known from US Pat. No. 2,349,336 a moving cardboard web known, the cutting edge a fillet with a radius of 0.05 to 0.1 mm and has a cutting edge angle of 55 ° to 80 °. Through this Cutting edge shape is to be achieved under tension standing cardboard web is cut before the The cutting edge has moved completely through the cardboard web. A Punching stroke is not carried out with this cutting knife.
  • US-A-2,361,288 discloses a punch knife whose cutting edge a fillet with a radius of 1/1000 inch (0.0254 mm) or more.
  • the cutting angle is at the Cutting edge 85 ° and then looks at a cutting angle of 60 ° about.
  • a cutting edge angle of 85 ° requires a portion of the Punching force due to friction at cutting line lengths of up to 100 meters and approx. 80 meters grooved line the punching force Limits the punching machines. A cut with this mener also shows strong cuts.
  • the invention has for its object to a punch knife create, the cutting edge of which is optimal from the start Cut quality generated.
  • the punch knife an optimal cut quality right from the start.
  • the punch knife can also be used for dressing and Stamping can be subjected to high loads without getting under the punching pressure Plastically defective when hitting the steel punching plate to deform.
  • the preparation time is short.
  • a wear-reducing cutting edge coating to increase the service life.
  • the rounded cutting edge is preferably additional hardened or surface finished.
  • the cutting edge meets the punching plate during the punching process. With this line contact, a mutual flattening takes place in the plane of contact, which can be estimated using Hertz's equations and thus the resulting stresses in the cutting edge.
  • the punching knife is subject to a swelling continuous pressure load and has a limit load of approx. 1160 N / mm 2 for a typical steel strip, e.g. Ck 55.
  • Ideal cutting conditions for example with a folding boxboard of 300 g / m 2, stress the steel in the cutting edge with a cutting edge radius of 0.010 mm with only approx. 350 N / mm 2 .
  • the Cutting edge at least 0.015 mm and in the event of an overload the cutting edge becomes 0.050 to 0.060 mm wide by 0.200 mm and flattened unevenly over the cutting length, i.e. not rounded. The cut quality is severely affected.
  • An embodiment of the invention is based on the attached Figure showing the cross section of the cutting area shows a punch knife, explained in more detail.
  • the punch knife 1 shown in the figure essentially corresponds a punch knife such as that in DE 39 28 916 C1 is shown.
  • a number of such punch knives are used in usually together with crease lines at the bottom of one Carrier plate of a punching tool attached to a punching machine.
  • the punching knives are used for punching out, for example of folding boxes from one lying on a counter punching plate Carton.
  • the carrier plate pressurized and towards the counter-punching plate moves until the punching knife touches the counter punching plate and the box is cut. Then the carrier plate moved away from the counter punch plate.
  • the punch knife 1 is elongated and has on its the counter-punching plate (not shown) facing end a symmetrical, in its longitudinal direction running cutting edge 2.
  • the cutting edge 2 has two symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane 10 of the punching knife 1 extending oblique flanks 5, 6 on that at an angle of preferably 30 to 60 ° to each other run and into the side flanks 7, 8 of the punch knife 1 pass over.
  • At the outer end of the punch knife 1 go Sloping flanks 5, 6 into a rounding 9 connecting them, which is also symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane 10 of the punch knife 1 is.
  • the fillet 9 has a radius of 0.005 to 0.020 mm.
  • the rounded cutting edge 2 can additionally be hardened or be surface finished.
  • the rounded die cutters with the increased surface area reduce the fact that the cutting edge when punching does not dig the impression so deeply into the stamping plate, so that the print on the impression is not so big. This is more sensitive The surface to be cut is gentle.
  • the reduced footprint due to the increased contact area between the cutting edge and stamping plate reduces the notch stresses in the area of Burial and thus the premature occurrence of fatigue fractures in the punching plate.
  • the punch knives lose in connection with wear Height. There can therefore be a compromise between increased resilience the cutting edge and wear.
  • a cutting radius of 0.020 mm is considered special viewed favorably.
  • the rounding of the cutting edge can be created mechanically, by remelting e.g. using a laser with the appropriate Heat conduction on normal and cutting-hardened punch knives, the as strip steel lines or from the full machined punching lines as flat flat tools or as curved ones for rotary tools attack.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Nonmetal Cutting Devices (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The punch cutter (1) has a blade whose cutting edge (2) has a rounded area with radius (3) of 0.005 to 0.040 mm. The rounded edge is additionally hardened with a refined surface finish. The cutting angle (4) for the cutting edges is 30 to 60 deg. The cutting edge of the punch cutter may have straight edges. these taper toward a tip which can be rounded by laser melting.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Stanzmesser zum Ausstanzen von Teilen beliebiger Form aus Papier, Karton, Pappe, Kunststoffolien, Leder, Gummi und dgl., wobei die Schneidenkannte eine, Verrundung mit einem Radius aufweist.The invention relates to a punch knife for punching out Parts of any shape made of paper, cardboard, cardboard, plastic films, Leather, rubber and the like, the cutting edge being a, rounding with a radius.

Stanzmesser, wie sie z.B. aus der DE-PS 33 17 777 C1 bekannt sind, werden bevorzugt in Bandgtahlstanzwerkzeugen zum Ausstanzen von Teilen beliebiger Form aus flächigen Materialien insbesondere Faltschachtelzuschnitten verwendet. Sie finden vermehrt auch Anwendung in Rotationsstanzwerkzeugen für die gleichen Zwecke.Punch knives, e.g. from DE-PS 33 17 777 C1 are known, are preferred in steel strip punching tools for Punching out parts of any shape from flat materials in particular folding box blanks used. she are also increasingly used in rotary punching tools for the same purposes.

Die Stanzmesser haben drei Voraussetzungen zu erfüllen: 1. daß über die gesamte Stanzfläche das Material zuverlässig und völlig getrennt sein muß, damit bei den nachfolgenden Arbeitstufen keine Produktionsstörungen auftreten, 2. daß der Schnitt einwandfrei staub- und faserarm mit glatten Schnittkanten ausfällt und 3. daß der Schneidenverschleiß möglichst gering sein soll, was sich in der Anzahl der guten Stanzungen ausdrückt. Diese drei Forderungen sind mit den derzeitigen Schneiden nur unzulänglich zu erreichen.The punch knives have three requirements: 1. that the material reliably and over the entire punching area must be completely separate so that in the subsequent work stages no production disruptions occur, 2. that the cut impeccably low in dust and fibers with smooth cut edges fails and 3. that the cutting edge wear is as low as possible should be what is expressed in the number of good die cuts. These three requirements are current Cutting inadequate to achieve.

Die Schneiden der bekannten Stanzmesser werden in der Regel durch Schleifen, Schaben z.T. durch Läppen erzeugt, ausgehend von der Vorstellung, daß die Schneidenkante möglichst scharf sein sollte. Man erreicht Schneidenkanten deutlich unter 0,010 mm, die aber eine ungleichmäßige mikrosägeähnliche Kontur besitzen und denen herstellungsbedingt kleinste Schleifbärte anhaften. Diese Schneidenkanten müssen sich erst in Wechselwirkung mit dem Schneidgut egalisieren, glätten, damit danach die bestmögliche Schnittgüte erreicht werden kann. Je nach Schneidgut sind dazu mehrere Tausend Stanzhübe erforderlich.The cutting edges of the well-known punch knives are usually by grinding, scraping partly generated by lapping, starting from the idea that the cutting edge is as sharp as possible should be. Cutting edges are clearly below 0.010 mm, but an uneven microsaw-like contour own and the smallest whiskers due to the manufacturing process cling to. These cutting edges must first interact equalize with the material to be cut, smooth out, and then afterwards the best possible cut quality can be achieved. Depending on To do this, several thousand punching strokes are required.

Diese sehr schmalen Schneidenkanten sind äußerst empfindlich gegen mechanische Belastungen, insbesondere gegen Druck. Dem kommt eine besondere Bedeutung zu, weil die übliche Arbeitsweise mit dieser gattungsgemäßen Stanztechnik die von Stahl gegen Stahl ist, d.h. die Messerschneiden arbeiten gegen eine gehärtete Stanzplatte.These very narrow cutting edges are extremely sensitive against mechanical loads, especially against pressure. The is of particular importance because of the usual way of working with this generic punching technique that of steel against steel, i.e. the knife edges work against one hardened stamping plate.

Die Stanzlinien haben herstellungsbedingt Höhendifferenzen von +/-0.02 mm. Hinzu kommen weitere Höhentoleranzen aus den Stanzmaschinen, der Werkzeugherstellung und bei der Handhabung der Stanzvorgänge.Due to the manufacturing process, the punching lines have height differences of +/- 0.02 mm. There are also additional height tolerances from the Punching machines, tool manufacturing and handling the punching processes.

In ungünstigen Fällen addieren sich alle Fehler, so daß Höhendifferenzen von bis 0.2 mm nicht auszuschließen sind.In unfavorable cases, all errors add up, so that height differences of up to 0.2 mm cannot be excluded.

Um das gesicherte Durchtrennen des Stanzgutes zu garantieren, müssen die Höhendifferenzen so ausgeglichen werden, daß die sehr empfindlichen Schneiden nicht durch Überbelastung geschädigt werden.In order to guarantee the secure cutting of the material to be cut, the height differences must be compensated so that the very sensitive cutting edges not damaged by overload become.

In der Praxis wird so verfahren, daß man die Stanze auf Druck fährt, bis mindestens 50% aller Schnittstellen durchgetrennt sind. Danach werden durch Hinterkleben mit geeigneten Bändern unterschiedlicher Stärke die noch verbleibenden Höhendifferenzen ausgeglichen. Je nach Schachtelzuschnitt befinden sich in einer Bandstahlstanzform bis zu 100 Meter Stanzlinien, woraus folgt, daß das Ausgleichen der Höhendifferenzen, in der Fachsprache "Zurichten" genannt, sehr viel Sorgfalt, Erfahrung verlangt und viele Stunden in Anspruch nimmt, während der die Stanzmaschine steht. Diese Zurichtezeiten sind in manchen Fällen länger als die nachfolgende eigentliche Produktionszeit. Diese Maschinentotzeiten verursachen unproduktive Zusatzkosten. Häufig führt das dazu, die Stanze soweit zusammen zu fahren, daß der größte Teil der Stanzlinien trennt um den Preis, daß dabei ein GroBteil der Schneiden beschädigt bis zerstört wird. Unter den Überdruck wird die Schneide undefiniert verformt. Dies hat einen unsauberen Schnitt zurfolge, bei dem sich vermehrt Staub und Stanzhaare bilden, platzende Kartondecken und Kartonrückseiten. Die Standzeit solcher Stanzmesser ist wesentlich reduziert, sodaß die Werkzeuge vorzeitig ersetzt werden müssen, also entsprechende Mehrkosten verursachen.In practice, the procedure is such that the punch is pressed drives until at least 50% of all interfaces are cut are. Then stick it with suitable tapes the remaining height differences of varying strength balanced. Depending on the box cut, are in a steel strip die up to 100 meters of punching lines, from which follows that the compensation of the height differences, in the technical language Called "dressing", a lot of care, experience and takes many hours to complete Punching machine stands. These dressing times are in some Cases longer than the subsequent actual production time. These machine dead times cause unproductive additional costs. This often leads to the punch being brought together so far to drive that the majority of the punching lines separate around the Price that most of the cutting edges are damaged up to gets destroyed. The cutting edge is undefined under the excess pressure deformed. This results in an unclean cut, in which dust and punch hair form increasingly, bursting Cardboard covers and cardboard backs. The service life of such Punching knife is significantly reduced, so the tools must be replaced prematurely, i.e. corresponding additional costs cause.

Es sind vielerlei Anstrengungen gemacht worden, das Zurichten zu vereinfachen bzw. ganz ersetzen zu können. Aus der DE 31 35 980 C1 ist ein gattungsgemäßes Bandstahlstanzwerkzeug bekannt, in dem Stanzlinien mit verformungsfähigen Messerrücken zum selbstätigen Höhenausgleich Verwendung finden.Various efforts have been made to prepare to simplify or completely replace. From DE 31 35 980 C1 a generic steel strip punching tool is known, in the punching lines with deformable knife back for automatic height compensation are used.

Diese Lösung scheitert an den technologischen Möglichkeiten bei der Herstellung der Soll-Verformungsstellen an diesen Stanzlinien.This solution fails due to the technological possibilities in the production of the target deformation points at these Punching lines.

Die DE 39 28 916 C1 beschreibt ein Verfahren, bei dem die zu hohen Schneidmesser nach hinten gegen eine weiche Metallplatte ausweichen können. Dabei wird die Platte im Druckbereich der Messerrücken kaltverfestigt, so daß sich ein stabilisierter Gleichgewichtszustand einstellt. Dieses Verfahren scheitert an den konstruktiven Gegebenheiten der den Markt beherrschenden Stanzmaschinen. DE 39 28 916 C1 describes a method in which the high cutting knife towards the back against a soft metal plate can dodge. The plate is in the printing area Knife-back hardened so that a stabilized Sets equilibrium state. This procedure fails the constructive conditions of those who dominate the market Punching machines.

Bei einem aus der DE 33 17 777 C1 bekannten Bandstahlstanzwerkzeug sind die Rücken der Messer als gehärtete Schneiden ausgebildet und sitzen auf einer weicheren Metallplatte, in die sie unter der Einwirkung des Stanzdruckes entsprechend der Höhendifferenz ausweichen können. Die Herstellung dieser Linien ist kostspielig und zeigt in der Anwendung, daß die weichen Platten durch das Eingraben der gehärteten Rückenschneiden infolge Ermüdungsbrüche vorzeitig unbrauchbar werden. Sie müssen deshalb relativ schnell ausgewechselt werden, wodurch kostenseitig die technischen Vorteile wieder aufgehoben weren.In a steel punching tool known from DE 33 17 777 C1 are the backs of the knives as hardened blades trained and sit on a softer metal plate, in which under the influence of the punching pressure corresponding to the Dodge height difference. The making of this Lines is expensive and shows in use that the soft plates by digging in the hardened back blades become prematurely unusable due to fatigue fractures. They have to be replaced relatively quickly, thereby canceling the technical advantages in terms of costs weren.

In neuerer Zeit können die Schneiden zur Erhöhung der Standzeiten verschleiß- und reibungsvermindernd beschichtet werden. Solche Beschichtungen haben im allg. keramischen Charakter mit extrem hohen Härten, sind aber entsprechend spröde. Eigene Untersuchungen haben nachgewiesen, daß diese verschleißmindernden Schichten durch die Schneidkantenbeschädigung ebenfalls bis zur Wirkungslosigkeit zerstört werden.In more recent times, the cutting edges can increase the service life be coated to reduce wear and friction. Such coatings have a generally ceramic character extremely high hardness, but are correspondingly brittle. Own Studies have shown that these reduce wear Layers due to cutting edge damage also be destroyed to ineffectiveness.

Aus der US-PS 2 349 336 ist ein Schneidmesser zum Schneiden einer sich bewegenden Kartonbahn bekannt, dessen Schneidenkante eine Verrundung mit einem Radius von 0,05 bis 0,1 mm und einen Schneidenwinkel von 55° bis 80° aufweist. Durch diese Schneidenform soll erreicht werden, daß die unter einer Zugspannung stehende Kartonbahn durchtrennt wird, bevor sich die Schneidenkante ganz durch die Kartonbahn bewegt hat. Ein Stanzhub wird mit diesem Schneidmesser jedoch nicht durchgeführt.A cutting knife for cutting is known from US Pat. No. 2,349,336 a moving cardboard web known, the cutting edge a fillet with a radius of 0.05 to 0.1 mm and has a cutting edge angle of 55 ° to 80 °. Through this Cutting edge shape is to be achieved under tension standing cardboard web is cut before the The cutting edge has moved completely through the cardboard web. A Punching stroke is not carried out with this cutting knife.

US-A-2,361,288 offenbart ein Stanzmesser, dessen Schneidkannte eine Verrundung mit einem Radius von 1/1000 inch (0,0254 mm) oder mehr aufweist. Der Schneidenwinkel beträgt an der Schneidkannte 85° und seht dann in einen Schneidwinkel von 60° über. Ein Schneidkantenwinkel von 85° erfordert einen Anteil der Stanzkraft durch Reibung, der bei Schneidlinienlänge von bis zu 100 metern und ca. 80 meter Rillienlinier die Stanzkraft zur Grenzbelastung der Stanzmaschinen anbringt. Ein Schnitt mit diesem mener zeigt auberden starke Austzarsungen.US-A-2,361,288 discloses a punch knife whose cutting edge a fillet with a radius of 1/1000 inch (0.0254 mm) or more. The cutting angle is at the Cutting edge 85 ° and then looks at a cutting angle of 60 ° about. A cutting edge angle of 85 ° requires a portion of the Punching force due to friction at cutting line lengths of up to 100 meters and approx. 80 meters grooved line the punching force Limits the punching machines. A cut with this mener also shows strong cuts.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Stanzmesser zu schaffen, dessen Schneidenkante von Beginn an eine optimale Schnittqualität erzeugt. The invention has for its object to a punch knife create, the cutting edge of which is optimal from the start Cut quality generated.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Stanzmesser mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This task is done by a punch knife solved with the features of claim 1.

Aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Verrundung der Schneidenkanteerzeugt das Stanzmesser von Beginn an eine optimale Schnittqualität. Außerdem kann das Stanzmesser beim Zurichten und Stanzen hoch belastet werden, ohne sich unter dem Stanzdruck beim Auftreffen auf die stählerne Stanzplatte plastisch schadhaft zu verformen. Darüber hinaus ist die Zurichtezeit gering. Schließlich kann eine verschleißmindernde Schneidenbeschichtung zur Erhöhung der Standzeit vorgesehen werden.Created due to the rounding of the cutting edge according to the invention the punch knife an optimal cut quality right from the start. The punch knife can also be used for dressing and Stamping can be subjected to high loads without getting under the punching pressure Plastically defective when hitting the steel punching plate to deform. In addition, the preparation time is short. Finally, a wear-reducing cutting edge coating to increase the service life.

Vorzugweise ist die verrundete Schneidenkante zusätzlich gehärtet oder oberflächenveredelt.The rounded cutting edge is preferably additional hardened or surface finished.

Die Schneidenkante trifft bei dem Stanzvorgang auf die Stanzplatte. Bei dieser Linienberührung findet in der Berührungsebene eine gegenseitige Abplattung statt, die man mit den Hertz'schen Gleichungen abschätzen kann und damit die entstehenden Spannungen in der Schneide. Beim Stanzen unterliegt das Stanzmesser einer schwellenden Dauerdruckbelastung und hat für einen typischen Bandstahlstahl z.B. Ck 55 eine Grenzbelastbarkeit von ca. 1160 N/mm2. Ideale Schnittbedingungen z.B. bei einem Faltschachtelkarton von 300 g/m2 belasten den Stahl in der Schneide mit einem Schneidenradius von 0.010 mm mit nur ca. 350 N/mm2. Bei der handelsüblichen Schneidenausbildung liegt dieser Wert höher, da weder ein definierter Radius noch eine hinreichend genaue, gleichmäßige Schneidkantenbreite von 0,010 mm Breite vorliegt. Mit zunehmendem Schneidenradius nimmt die Schneidenbelastung des Stahls ab und beträgt z.B. bei einem Schneidenradius von 0,030 mm rechnerisch ca. 180 N/mm2. Die Rechnung zeigt weiter, daß eine Verrundung der Schneidenkantemit 0.010 mm durch das Stanzen eine Überlastung bis zur Erreichung der kritischen Spannung von 1160 N/mm2 von ca. 100 N/cm Stanzlinienlänge verträgt, ein Schneidenradius von 0,030 mm, der aber nicht unter den Schutzumfang der Ansprüche fällt, eine von ca. 330 N/cm.The cutting edge meets the punching plate during the punching process. With this line contact, a mutual flattening takes place in the plane of contact, which can be estimated using Hertz's equations and thus the resulting stresses in the cutting edge. When punching, the punching knife is subject to a swelling continuous pressure load and has a limit load of approx. 1160 N / mm 2 for a typical steel strip, e.g. Ck 55. Ideal cutting conditions, for example with a folding boxboard of 300 g / m 2, stress the steel in the cutting edge with a cutting edge radius of 0.010 mm with only approx. 350 N / mm 2 . This value is higher for commercially available cutting edges, since there is neither a defined radius nor a sufficiently precise, uniform cutting edge width of 0.010 mm. With increasing cutting edge radius, the cutting edge load of the steel decreases and, for example with a cutting edge radius of 0.030 mm, is approximately 180 N / mm 2 . The calculation further shows that a rounding of the cutting edge with 0.010 mm by punching can withstand an overload until the critical tension of 1160 N / mm 2 of approx. 100 N / cm punching line length is reached, a cutting radius of 0.030 mm, but not below the The scope of protection of the claims falls to approximately 330 N / cm.

Überlastet man eine handelsübliche neue Schneide entsprechend einer Höhendifferenz von 0.035 mm, dann verbreitert sich die Schneidenkanteauf mindestens 0,015 mm und bei einer Überlastung um 0,200 mm wird die Schneide 0,050 bis 0,060 mm breit und über die Schneidenlänge ungleichmäßig abgeplattet, d.h. nicht verrundet. Die Schnittqualität wird dadurch stark beeinträchtigt.If you overload a commercially available new cutting edge accordingly a height difference of 0.035 mm, then the Cutting edge at least 0.015 mm and in the event of an overload the cutting edge becomes 0.050 to 0.060 mm wide by 0.200 mm and flattened unevenly over the cutting length, i.e. not rounded. The cut quality is severely affected.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der beigefügten Figur, die den Querschnitt des Schneidenbereichs eines Stanzmesser zeigt, näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is based on the attached Figure showing the cross section of the cutting area shows a punch knife, explained in more detail.

Das in der Figur gezeigte Stanzmesser 1 entspricht im wesentlichem einem Stanzmesser wie es beispielsweise in der DE 39 28 916 C1 gezeigt ist. Eine Anzahl solcher Stanzmesser wird in der Regel zusammen mit Rillinien an der Unterseite einer Trägerplatte eines Stanzwerkzeuges einer Stanzmaschine angebracht. Die Stanzmesser dienen beispielsweise zum Ausstanzen von Falzschachteln aus einem auf einer Gegenstanzplatte liegenden Karton. Während des Stanzvorgangs wird die Trägerplatte mit Druck beaufschlagt und in Richtung der Gegenstanzplatte bewegt bis die Stanzmesser die Gegenstanzplatte berühren und der Karton durchtrennt ist. Anschließend wird die Trägerplatte von der Gegenstanzplatte wegbewegt.The punch knife 1 shown in the figure essentially corresponds a punch knife such as that in DE 39 28 916 C1 is shown. A number of such punch knives are used in usually together with crease lines at the bottom of one Carrier plate of a punching tool attached to a punching machine. The punching knives are used for punching out, for example of folding boxes from one lying on a counter punching plate Carton. During the punching process, the carrier plate pressurized and towards the counter-punching plate moves until the punching knife touches the counter punching plate and the box is cut. Then the carrier plate moved away from the counter punch plate.

Das erfindungsgemäße Stanzmesser 1 ist länglich ausgebildet und weist an seinem der Gegenstanzplatte (nicht gezeigt) zugewandten Ende eine symetrische, in seiner Längsrichtung verlaufende Schneidenkante 2 auf.The punch knife 1 according to the invention is elongated and has on its the counter-punching plate (not shown) facing end a symmetrical, in its longitudinal direction running cutting edge 2.

Die Schneidenkante 2 weist zwei symetrisch zur Längsmittelebene 10 des Stanzmessers 1 verlaufende Schrägflanken 5, 6 auf, die in einem Winkel von vorzugsweise 30 bis 60° zueinander verlaufen und in die Seitenflanken 7, 8 des Stanzmessers 1 übergehen. An dem äußeren Ende des Stanzmessers 1 gehen die Schrägflanken 5, 6 in eine sie verbindende Verrundung 9 über, die ebenfalls symetrisch zur Längsmittelebene 10 des Stanzmessers 1 ist. Die Verrundung 9 hat einen Radius von 0,005 bis 0,020 mm.The cutting edge 2 has two symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane 10 of the punching knife 1 extending oblique flanks 5, 6 on that at an angle of preferably 30 to 60 ° to each other run and into the side flanks 7, 8 of the punch knife 1 pass over. At the outer end of the punch knife 1 go Sloping flanks 5, 6 into a rounding 9 connecting them, which is also symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane 10 of the punch knife 1 is. The fillet 9 has a radius of 0.005 to 0.020 mm.

Die verrundete Schneidenkante 2 kann zusätzlich gehärtet oder oberflächenveredelt sein.The rounded cutting edge 2 can additionally be hardened or be surface finished.

Die verrundeten Stanzmesser mit der vergrößerten Flächenauflage reduzieren dadurch, daß sich die Schneide beim Stanzen nicht so tief in das Stanzblech eingräbt den Abdruck, so daß der Aufwurf am Abdruck nicht so groß wird. Dies ist bei empfindlicher Stanzgutoberfläche schonend. Der verringerte Abdruck durch die vergrößerte Kontaktfläche zwischen Schneide und Stanzblech verringert die Kerbspannungen im Bereich der Eingrabung und damit die vorzeitige Entstehung von Ermüdungsbrüchen im Stanzblech. The rounded die cutters with the increased surface area reduce the fact that the cutting edge when punching does not dig the impression so deeply into the stamping plate, so that the print on the impression is not so big. This is more sensitive The surface to be cut is gentle. The reduced footprint due to the increased contact area between the cutting edge and stamping plate reduces the notch stresses in the area of Burial and thus the premature occurrence of fatigue fractures in the punching plate.

Die Stanzmesser verlieren in Verbindung mit dem Verschleiß an Höhe. Es kann daher ein Kompromiß zwischen erhöhter Belastbarkeit der Schneide und dem Verschleiß eingegangen werden. Ein Schneidenradius von 0,020 mm wird hierzu als besonders günstig angesehen.The punch knives lose in connection with wear Height. There can therefore be a compromise between increased resilience the cutting edge and wear. A cutting radius of 0.020 mm is considered special viewed favorably.

Die Verrundung der Schneide kann mechanisch erzeugt werden, durch Umschmelzen z.B. mittels Laser unter entsprechender Wärmeführung an Normal- und schneidengehärteten Stanzmessern, die als Bandstahllinien oder aus dem vollen gearbeitete Stanzlinien als ebene Flachwerkzeuge oder als gebogene für Rotationswerkzeuge anfallen.The rounding of the cutting edge can be created mechanically, by remelting e.g. using a laser with the appropriate Heat conduction on normal and cutting-hardened punch knives, the as strip steel lines or from the full machined punching lines as flat flat tools or as curved ones for rotary tools attack.

Claims (3)

  1. A punch blade for punching out parts of any shape from paper, cardboard, paperboard, plastics sheets, leather, rubber and the like, wherein the cutting edge has a rounded portion with a radius, characterised by a cutting edge (2) which has a rounded portion (9) with a radius (3) of 0.005 to 0.020 mm, wherein the cutting angle (4) of the cutting edge (2) is 30 to 60°.
  2. A punch blade according to Claim 1, characterised in that the rounded cutting edge (2) is additionally hardened.
  3. A punch blade according to Claim 1, characterised in that the rounded cutting edge (2) is surface-finished.
EP95117933A 1994-12-07 1995-11-14 Cutting rule Expired - Lifetime EP0715933B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4443613A DE4443613C1 (en) 1994-12-07 1994-12-07 Punch cutter for punching paper, cardboard, plastics foil, leather, rubber etc.
DE4443613 1994-12-07

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EP0715933A1 EP0715933A1 (en) 1996-06-12
EP0715933B1 true EP0715933B1 (en) 1999-06-16

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US (1) US5967015A (en)
EP (1) EP0715933B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08216098A (en)
CN (1) CN1129631A (en)
AT (1) ATE181274T1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ322095A3 (en)
DE (2) DE4443613C1 (en)

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DE102010061991B4 (en) * 2010-11-25 2016-06-09 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for punching a fiber mat consisting of fiber material

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DE102011014858A1 (en) 2010-04-20 2011-10-20 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Punching and/or embossing station for flat bed-sheet punching and/or -coining machines for e.g. punching paper sheet to pack product, has thin adjusting sheet held between punching and additional plates and comprising tissue paper
DE102010061991B4 (en) * 2010-11-25 2016-06-09 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for punching a fiber mat consisting of fiber material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59506228D1 (en) 1999-07-22
CN1129631A (en) 1996-08-28
JPH08216098A (en) 1996-08-27
US5967015A (en) 1999-10-19
DE4443613C1 (en) 1996-04-25
CZ322095A3 (en) 1996-06-12
EP0715933A1 (en) 1996-06-12
ATE181274T1 (en) 1999-07-15

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