EP0710301B1 - Spinning device and control or regulating device therefor - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a spinning device with a spool attached to a rotating spindle, as specified in the preamble of claim 1 is. The invention further relates to a control and a control device for such a spinning device.

Spinning devices of the type mentioned are known from DE-OS 41 03 369, which shows the closest state of the art. At a special embodiment provides that the thread is guided inside the spinning or twisting ring is so that it doubles as a balloon restrictor serves. In this case, the lower area Forehead provided an eyelet-like thread guide, the can be an inwardly projecting component. It will further specified a further embodiment in which the spinning or twisting ring moves to a larger axial Length of the coil extends and to stabilize it via two axially spaced magnetic bearings is kept floating, with both Magnetic bearings are radially active magnetic bearings.

In addition, DE-A-24 20 825 generally known magnetic bearings of rotors

With this known spinning device, part of the Problems are considered to be resolved in general occur in ring spinning. The problems arise essentially from the friction between the ring and the commonly used runners, the load of the Yarns due to short-term tension peaks and thread tension in the balloon (C.M. Bringer: "Rotating rings ring spinning "/ progress reports from VDI magazines, Row 3, No. 93; D'dorf: VDI publishing house 1984). For example, by using the magnetic mounted ring (of the rotationally symmetrical element) with thread guide the sliding friction between ring and Avoided runners. The training form with the double stored spinning or twisting ring prevents Tilting the ring, however, is complex and expensive.

It is an object of the invention to provide a spinning device create that inexpensive to manufacture and energy saving is in operation as well as a better thread or. Yarn quality enables. The object of the invention also relates to a control device and a regulating device, that allow to take advantage of Optimal use of the spinning device according to the invention.

• auf der dem ankommenden Faden zugewandten Stirnseite außerhalb des Bereichs der Spule mit einem nach innen gerichteten Kragen versehen ist, der eine zentrale, runde Aussparung zur Ausbildung des zentrischen Fadenführers aufweist, und
• Sensoren zur Erfassung der axialen Abweichungen des rotationssymmetrischen Elementes von seiner Soll-Lage als Maß für die sich verändernde Fadenzugkraft in Verbindung mit einer den Sensoren nachgeschalteten elektronischen Einrichtung , die die Signale der Sensoren aufnimmt, verstärkt und weiterleitet.

This object is achieved in that the rotationally symmetrical element

• is provided on the end face facing the incoming thread outside the area of the bobbin with an inwardly directed collar which has a central, round recess for forming the central thread guide, and
• Sensors for detecting the axial deviations of the rotationally symmetrical element from its target position as a measure of the changing thread tension in conjunction with an electronic device connected downstream of the sensors, which records, amplifies and transmits the signals from the sensors.

The radially active, axially passive magnetic bearing that rotationally symmetrical element on its lower part includes, for example, a magnetic bearing, the at least partially made of ferromagnetic material existing element in its axial direction by means of a axially magnetized permanent magnets surrounding it holds floating and in the radial direction by means of electromagnetic ring arranged around it Medium stabilized. These electromagnetic means can be excited by means of an electronic control device, which is connected to sensors, the radial deviations of the rotationally symmetrical element. Such magnetic bearings are mentioned in the above Publications described.

The radially stable, axially unstable magnetic bearing can on the other hand, from two ring-shaped, concentric to the axis the coil arranged permanent magnets consist of which one is attached to the collar and thus with rotates with the element and the other, opposite the first, is firmly attached from the outside.

The rotationally symmetrical element is thus axial Directionally suspended in the axially unstable magnetic bearing. The interplay gives it its axial stability of the two magnetic bearings.

The sensors for detecting the axial deviations of the rotationally symmetrical element serve in connection with the downstream electronic device Measurement of thread tension.

The collar at the top of the rotationally symmetrical Element serves on the one hand to attach the upper one Magnetic bearing, but also leads to one Calming the air circulation inside the element, which has an energy-saving effect.

The energy saving effect is even more pronounced with one very advantageous embodiment of the spinning device, the one facing the incoming thread Front of the rotationally symmetrical element through the collar is closed except for the recess. At this pot-shaped design of the element the centrally arranged thread guide through the central one Cutout formed and therefore rotates with the element With. The friction of the thread on the thread guide, such as it occurs with a fixed thread guide, and the not only negatively affect the rewinding process, but also on the process of spinning (it arises disruptive torque on the thread), does not apply this version of the element according to the invention. It remains only that from the longitudinal movement of the thread resulting friction.

The twist of the thread resulting from the winding now plants itself unadulterated in the spinning zone away. This results in a high yarn tenacity in the spinning zone with a low thread tension level, higher Yarn stretch, less hairiness and finally also lower thread break counts.

In an expedient embodiment, this is rotationally symmetrical element, tapering upwards, conical. The aim is to To include the spindle with the smallest possible distance. Of the achieved smaller, mean diameter of the Element acts due to the lower moment of inertia energy saving.

A very advantageous embodiment of the spinning device is designed according to claim 4 such that the axial relative movement between rotationally symmetrical Element and spindle is made so that the spindle when winding the yarn into the rotationally symmetrical Element is inserted.

Usually the winding process starts at the bottom Part of the coil, and element and coil move in such a way that the winding process continues upwards. The growing coil is outside of the rotationally symmetrical element, which has the consequence that the aerodynamic losses increase with length and the diameter of the coil increases significantly.

In contrast, arises in the spinning device according to claim 4 the diameter and during the winding process Length growing coil within the rotationally symmetrical Element. Because the element and coil are in the same direction of rotation rotate at almost the same speed the aerodynamic losses of the coil - in comparison for the usual transport movement of coil and element during the winding process - kept small.

It is true that the thread on the inside of the rotationally symmetrical element is guided and the element acts as a balloon limited, the friction overall has been reduced since air friction at the Element outside is smaller than the friction of a pronounced thread balloons. In another embodiment the spinning device according to the invention, at which is the rotationally symmetrical element of a fixed one Protection tube is surrounded, the air friction losses however, further reduced.

It is appropriate that the protective tube is on the end face facing the incoming thread with is provided with an inward collar to which the radially stable, axially unstable magnetic bearing is attached is.

It is also expedient that the air gap between rotationally symmetrical Element and protective tube a width of no more than 2 - 10 mm.

Another serves to reduce air friction Version in which a connection piece for a suction device is attached. Through the Generation of negative pressure in the space between the element and protective tube are the air friction losses further lowered.

Since the thread is on the inside of the rotationally symmetrical element and at the same time on the Inner edge of the central recess acting as a thread guide is present, has an embodiment as Proven to be useful for recording the inside of the thread guided between the Thread guides extending, on the inner wall of the Element arranged tube is provided. This Embodiment allows the yarn end to be sucked through the tube to facilitate the piecing process. It goes without saying that the rotationally symmetrical Element that additionally has the tube, is to be balanced.

During the embodiment of the rotationally symmetrical Easy threading of the element with the inner tube of the thread allows for another alternative the process of piecing itself: is that Thread guide, which leads the thread to the bobbin, firmly on Element arranged and either only shows the element or just the coil of a drive, so it will other part pulled along when threading the thread and thus also brought to rotation. In this The piecing phase occurs an additional, undesirable Traction on the thread.

An embodiment can be used to avoid this thread load serve, in which the most rotationally symmetrical Element arranged and leading the thread to the bobbin Thread guide as the circumferential on the inner circumference of the element Runner is trained. This embodiment is particularly suitable for measuring the thread tension by means of the sensors and the downstream electronic device. A relative movement between Runner and rotationally symmetrical element occurs with this version only during the piecing phase. Because of its low inertia, the runner becomes the Follow rotation of the driven part very quickly but at the same rotational speed two parts relative to the rotationally symmetrical element don't move anymore. The situation after the piecing phase is thus the same as that of a fixed element Thread guide, so that during spinning no difference to the embodiment of the element results with a fixed thread guide.

The longitudinal extent of the rotationally symmetrical element allows this with an electric motor Drive. Its sole use - and not also the drive of the spindle - is included to the extent that the spindle is advantageous because of its smaller scope and weight a lower moment of inertia has as the rotationally symmetrical element, so that the thread tension in the piecing phase is lower is than with the sole drive of the spindle.

Knowledge of the dynamics gained by means of the sensors the thread tension during the operation of the spinning device enables the thread load to be minimized especially if, in addition to the drive the spindle, an electric motor drive for the rotationally symmetrical element is provided.

For a spinning device with magnetic bearings Spindle are controlled by a control device that technical means to carry out a program has, which usually during an operating cycle changes in thread tension occurring are taken into account, accordingly changing drive torques of rotationally symmetrical element and Spindle causes.

The control program contains the sensors Measurement of the thread tension gained knowledge of the usual during piecing and during the spinning phase (Here, for example, due to the changing torque the bobbin) changing thread tension, the by changing the drive torque accordingly Spindle and / or rotationally symmetrical element low can be held.

The control device is expediently the same as the control device used in a spinning device with magnetically mounted spindle, in which both the spindle as well as the element an electromotive Have drive. For the control device an electronic device is provided for Stabilization and, if necessary, change the thread tension Measuring signals from the sensors for measuring the thread tension as a reference variable and accordingly the drive torques of spindle and / or rotationally symmetrical Element changed.

Embodiments of the spinning device according to the invention are shown schematically in the drawing and explained in more detail below.

Figur 1

eine Spinnvorrichtung mit magnetisch gelagertem rotationssymmetrischen Element und mitrotierendem, zentrisch angeordneten Fadenführer;

Figur 2

eine Spinnvorrichtung gemäß Bild 1 mit Schutzrohr;

Figur 3

eine Spinnvorrichtung mit magnetisch gelagertem rotationssymmetrischen Element mit innerem Röhrchen;

Figur 4

eine Spinnvorrichtung mit an den Durchmesser der Spindel angepaßtem rotationssymmetrischem Element aus Stahl;

Figur 5

eine Spinnvorrichtung gemäß Bild 2 mit Schutzrohr und zusätzlichem elektromotorischem Antrieb des rotationssymmetrischen Elementes;

Figur 6

eine Spinnvorrichtung mit Meßeinrichtung zur Ermittlung der Fadenzugkraft (bestehend aus Sensoren und nachgeschalteter elektronischer Einrichtung);

Figur 7

eine Spinnvorrichtung gemäß Bild 1 mit elektromotorischem Antrieb von rotationssymmetrischem Element und Spindel sowie Schutzrohr und mit Regeleinrichtung;

Figur 8

eine Spinnvorrichtung gemäß Bild 1 mit zusätzlichem elektromotorischem Antrieb des rotationssymmetrischen Elementes durch das Elektromagnetsystem der Radialstabilisierungseinrichtung des radial aktiven Magnetlagers;

Figur 9

eine Spinnvorrichtung gemäß Bild 1, bei der die axiale Relativbewegung zwischen rotationssymmetrischem Element und Spindel derart erfolgt, daß die Spindel beim Aufwickeln des Garnes in das Element hineingeschoben wird.

Show it:

Figure 1

a spinning device with a magnetically mounted, rotationally symmetrical element and a co-rotating, centrally arranged thread guide;

Figure 2

a spinning device according to Figure 1 with protective tube;

Figure 3

a spinning device with a magnetically mounted rotationally symmetrical element with an inner tube;

Figure 4

a spinning device with a rotationally symmetrical steel element adapted to the diameter of the spindle;

Figure 5

a spinning device according to Figure 2 with protective tube and additional electromotive drive of the rotationally symmetrical element;

Figure 6

a spinning device with a measuring device for determining the thread tension (consisting of sensors and a downstream electronic device);

Figure 7

a spinning device according to Figure 1 with an electric motor drive of rotationally symmetrical element and spindle as well as protective tube and with control device;

Figure 8

a spinning device according to Figure 1 with additional electromotive drive of the rotationally symmetrical element by the electromagnetic system of the radial stabilization device of the radially active magnetic bearing;

Figure 9

a spinning device according to Figure 1, in which the axial relative movement between the rotationally symmetrical element and the spindle takes place such that the spindle is pushed into the element when winding the yarn.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, that on the spindle 1 attached coil 2 of the cup-shaped rotationally symmetrical element 3 surrounded concentrically. On the lower, open end of the pot 3 is the Thread guide 4 attached, the thread 5 to the bobbin 2 leads. This thread guide can be used as a deflection eyelet of a hook or be a hole. The upper Front of the pot 3 is up to the central one Recess 6, the centrally arranged thread guide forms, closed.

Spindle 1 is arranged concentrically to the central axis Foot bearing 7 stored and with an electric motor Provide drive 8.

The pot (or the rotationally symmetrical element) 3 Floating magnetically supported without drive: The lower one, comprising the rotationally symmetrical element, radially stable, axially unstable magnetic bearings 9 consists of rings arranged around the element electromagnetic means. These are by means of a electronic control device (not in the drawing shown) excitable, which are connected to sensors, the radial deviations of the rotationally symmetrical Capture element. The rotationally symmetrical element consists in its lower part 10 of ferromagnetic Material. The bearing stator unit is on the Pot bank 11 attached. This magnetic bearing corresponds the storage described in DE-PS 24 20 825.

Foot bearing 7 or pot bench 11 (and thus the one with the pot bench firmly connected parts) are in the vertical direction movable.

The upper magnetic bearing consists of the concentric Combination of an annular, on the collar of the pot 3 attached permanent magnet 12, a fixed, also annular permanent magnets 13 and one Damping element 14 made of non-ferromagnetic, electrical good conductive material, which works on the principle of Eddy current damping radial movements of the pot end dampens. Damping element 14 is in the air gap between the preferably magnetized in the axial direction Magnets 12 and 13 arranged and fixed with the latter connected. Both (permanent magnet 13 and damping element 14) are about one - not in the drawing shown - mechanical connection with the lower Magnetic bearing 9 or the pot bank 11 connected.

When spinning the yarn, the so-called fuse 15 is used as the starting material of the spinning process from drafting system 16 with constant delivery speed to the spinning zone 17 transported. In previous steps the spun material (e.g. cotton) cleaned and one Sliver of constant cross section with preferably parallel fibers, the fuse, have been prepared. In the spinning zone 17 this causes the rotating Pot 3 exerted on the yarn 5 (indicated by the arrow ) Torque the desired twisting of the fibers to a solid yarn 5. This yarn is made with the the pot with rotating thread guide 6 on the Axis of rotation guided and moves in the interior of the Pot to the deflection eyelet 4 (thread guide 4). This directs that Yarn tangential from the circular path around the central axis on the bobbin 2, on which the yarn is wound , the winding speed averaging the same amount as the delivery speed. The Spindle is - as is common practice - during the Winding the thread from the rotationally symmetrical Element pulled out.

The pot 3 is driven by thread forces which from the thread between the bobbin 2 and thread guide 4 the pot will be transferred. The speed of the pot sets itself automatically relative to the speed of the coil and is smaller than due to the yarn transport the speed of the coil or spindle. The speed difference increases with increasing delivery speed and decreases with increasing coil diameter.

The yarn 5 is controlled on the bobbin by axial Relative movement between the coil and pot stored in layers. This movement can be done either axially Move the foot bearing 7 with the pot 3 stationary or by moving the pot bench 11 axially stationary foot rest 7. Also an overlay of both Transport movements are possible. The first variant is preferred because here the thread length between the co-rotating thread guide 6 and the fixed drafting system 16 remains constant. The other two Variants this thread length changes periodically what unwanted periodic fluctuations in the quality of the thread has the consequence.

Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the Spinning device, which is opposite to that in FIG represented only by the additional Protective tube 18 differs.

The protective tube 18 is closed, the pot outside surrounding housing designed. In addition to the Protective function a reduction in noise level and Air friction on the rotating pot. It can also be found in a variant not shown in the drawing Inclusion of emergency bearings for the Topt 3 can be used.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 3 is on the inner wall of the rotationally symmetrical Element 3 attached a tube 19 in which the Thread from thread guide 6 to the end of the tube, the corresponds to the thread guide 4 according to FIG. 1 or 2, and from this is guided tangentially to the coil 2. The Spindle 1 is like that shown in Figure 1 Embodiment driven by the electric motor 8, with the thread in the tube 19 the Takes pot 3.

This variant allows the suction of the End of yarn through the tube 19 to facilitate Piecing process.

The collar at the top of element 3 is up directed and forms the top with the centrally arranged thread guide 6. The execution of the upper magnetic bearing corresponds to the version Figure 2.

Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the Spinning device in which the rotationally symmetrical Element 3, as in Figure 3, in diameter to the diameter of Spindle 2 is approximated. Element 3 also exists made of steel, so that the separate permanent magnet 12 (the is replaced by the upper part of element 3) not applicable.

The variant shown in Figure 5 goes from the embodiment variants shown in FIG Spinning device. In addition, is also for the rotationally symmetrical Element 3, for this reason entirely consists of ferromagnetic material, an electromagnetic Drive provided. The rotationally symmetrical Element 3 is also a rotor for an electromagnetic Drive stator 20. Both drives are common Generator 21 operated.

Such a magnetic bearing variant is in "K. Boden: "Wide-gap, electro-permanent magnetic bearing system with Radial Transmission of Radial and Axial Forces "in "Magnetic Bearings", Proc. of the First Boarding School. Symp., ETH Zurich, 6-8. June 1988, ed. G. Schweitzer, pp. 41-52, Springer Verlag Berlin - Heidelberg 1989 " described.

One of the motors is a synchronous drive, the other an asynchronous drive, so that the to wind up the Thread 5 required on the bobbin 2 Can set the speed difference casually.

In an embodiment not shown in the drawing can the drive motor for the spindle 1 also dropped. The sole drive of the pot as Rotor of the drive stator 20, which can be designed can that with a hysteresis motor asynchronous start-up is sufficient to carry out the Spinning process. The pot then rotates with it constant speed. The yarn experiences this correspondingly smooth rotation. The coil 2 will dragged through the yarn and hurries towards it Pot 3 in front. The thread forces are in this variant relatively small when piecing due to the relative small moment of inertia of spindle and empty Kitchen sink.

In the embodiment variants shown in FIG. 5 is on the protective tube 18, a pipe socket 22 for connection shown a pump. Through this facility the air pressure in the annular gap between element 3 and Protective tube 18 and thus the air friction losses be lowered.

Figure 6 shows the spinning device with a measuring device to determine the thread tension. This measuring device consists of sensors 23 for detection the axial deviations of the rotationally symmetrical Element from its target position and the connected one electronic device 24. The sensors 23 are on an edge of the ferromagnetic material Part 10 of the rotationally symmetrical element appropriate.

In the present case is the electronic device Part of the electronics of the magnetic bearing also serves the signals of the sensors 23. The In this case, the bearing sensor system has one Dual function.

Figure 7 shows the embodiment of the spinning device 5 additionally with the measuring device according to FIG Figure 6. The signals supplied by the sensors 23 are in an electronic device 25, the part the measuring device, but also the control device, as Reference variable used for the control and serves the thread tension by changing the drive torque of the drives 8 and / or 20 and thus from Spindle 1 and / or rotationally symmetrical element 3 minimize.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the spinning device, which - apart from the missing protective tube 18 - differs from the variant shown in FIG. 5 in that that instead of the separate electromotive Drive the magnetic bearing system forms the drive system.

Figure 9 shows an embodiment of the Spinning device, which differs from that in FIG represented variant by another Relative movement of rotationally symmetrical element 3 and spindle 1 during the winding process differs. The yarn is on the spindle, at the starting the upper part, wound up and the spindle pushed into the rotationally symmetrical element.

Claims (13)

1. A spinning apparatus having a bobbin (2) fixed to a rotatable spindle (1) for receiving the thread (5), having a thread guide (6) which is disposed centrally in relation to the bobbin and which grasps the arriving thread, having a free-floating, magnetically mounted, tubular, rotationally symmetrical element (3) which concentrically surrounds the bobbin, and having a second thread guide (4) which rotates with the element and which is disposed on the rotationally symmetrical element (3) so that it grasps the thread (5), which is seated against the inside of the element during rotation, from inside the rotationally symmetrical element, guides it to the bobbin (2) and winds it on to the latter due to the relative movement between the bobbin and the element, wherein the rotationally symmetrical element (3) is held at its part which surrounds the bobbin (2) by means of a radially active, axially passive magnetic bearing (9) which surrounds the element, and is held at the collar of its end face facing the arriving thread (5) by means of a radially stable, axially unstable magnetic bearing (12, 13, 14),
   characterised in that
   the rotationally symmetrical element (3) is provided on its end face facing the arriving thread (5), outside the region of the bobbin (2), with an inwardly oriented collar which has a central, round aperture (6) for forming the central thread guide, and is provided with sensors (23) for detecting the axial deviation of the rotationally symmetrical element (3) from its scheduled position as a measure of the varying tensile force on the thread, in combination with an electronic device (24, 25) connected downstream of the sensors, which receives, amplifies and transmits the signals from the sensors.
2. A spinning apparatus according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the end face of the rotationally symmetrical element (3) facing the arriving threads (5) is closed by the collar except for the aperture (6).
3. A spinning apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that
   the rotationally symmetrical element (3) has an upwardly diminishing, conical shape.
4. A spinning apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that
   the axial relative movement between the rotationally symmetrical element (3) and the spindle (1) is executed in such a way that when the yarn is wound up the spindle is pushed into the rotationally symmetrical element.
5. A spinning apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4,
   characterised in that
   the rotationally symmetrical element (3) is surrounded by a fixed protective tube (18).
6. A spinning apparatus according to claim 5,
   characterised in that
   the protective tube (18) is provided on its end face facing the arriving thread (5) with an inwardly directed collar to which the radially stable, axially unstable magnetic bearing (12, 13, 14) is fixed.
7. A spinning apparatus according to claim 5 or 6,
   characterised in that
   an air gap with a width of 2 - 10 mm is located between the rotationally symmetrical element (3) and the protective tube (18).
8. A spinning apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
   characterised in that
   a connection piece (22) for a suction device is mounted on the protective tube (18).
9. A spinning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
   characterised in that
   a small tube (19), which is disposed on the internal wall of the element and which extends between the thread guides (4 and 6), is provided for receiving the thread (5) which is guided inside the element (3).
10. A spinning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterised in that
    the thread guide (6) which is disposed on the rotationally symmetrical element (3) and which directs the thread (5) towards the bobbin (2) is constructed as a runner which rotates on the internal periphery of the element.
11. A spinning apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    an electric motor-operated drive (20) is provided for the rotationally symmetrical element (3).
12. A controlling device for a spinning apparatus, having a rotatable spindle (1) which is driven by an electric motor and carries a bobbin (2) for receiving the thread (5), having a tubular, free-floating, magnetically mounted element (3) which surrounds the bobbin and which has a second thread guide (6) for directing the thread towards the bobbin (2),
    characterised in that
    the element (3) is driven in rotation, at a speed of rotation different from that of the spindle (1), by a further electric motor-operated drive (20), and that technical means are provided for implementing a program which takes into account the usual variation of the tensile force on the thread during an operating cycle from the axial deviation of the rotationally symmetrical element from its scheduled position and accordingly brings about varying driving torques of the rotationally symmetrical element (3) and of the spindle (2).
13. A regulating device for a spinning apparatus, having a rotatable spindle (1) which is driven by an electric motor and carries a bobbin (2) for receiving the thread (5), having a tubular, free-floating, magnetically mounted element (3) which surrounds the bobbin and which has a second thread guide (6) for directing the thread towards the bobbin (2),
    characterised in that
    the element (3) is driven in rotation, at a speed of rotation different from that of the spindle (1), by a further electric motor-operated drive (20), and that an electronic device (25) is provided, which in order to stabilise and optionally to vary the tensile force on the thread uses the measured signals from the sensors to measure the tensile force on the thread (22 and 24) as a control input and accordingly varies the driving torques of the spindle (2) and/or of the rotationally symmetrical element (3).

Images