EP0703956B1 - Method of filling horizontal coking ovens completely with coal without causing pollution - Google Patents
Method of filling horizontal coking ovens completely with coal without causing pollution Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0703956B1 EP0703956B1 EP94918873A EP94918873A EP0703956B1 EP 0703956 B1 EP0703956 B1 EP 0703956B1 EP 94918873 A EP94918873 A EP 94918873A EP 94918873 A EP94918873 A EP 94918873A EP 0703956 B1 EP0703956 B1 EP 0703956B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- filling
- coke
- chamber
- charging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B41/00—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
- C10B41/005—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke for charging coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B31/00—Charging devices
- C10B31/02—Charging devices for charging vertically
- C10B31/04—Charging devices for charging vertically coke ovens with horizontal chambers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B33/00—Discharging devices; Coke guides
- C10B33/08—Pushers, e.g. rams
- C10B33/10—Pushers, e.g. rams for horizontal chambers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the complete and emission-free filling of horizontal chamber coking ovens with bulk coal via filling holes arranged in the furnace chamber.
- the coking ovens are usually filled with charcoal through a number of four or five filling holes with the help of filling wagons or other transport devices that can be moved on the furnace ceiling.
- the emission gases generated during filling are sucked out of the gas collecting space located above the coal bed in the furnace chamber. This can be done via the risers and the template or via so-called transfer pipes into a neighboring chamber or also via other suction devices connected to the filling holes.
- the gas channel can become blocked, with the result that considerable overpressure is created in the furnace chamber and filling gas emissions occur. It was found that, in addition to different carbons with different bulk weights and changing filling speeds at the individual filling holes, the volumes of the different furnace chambers also often differ greatly from one another. The volume of an oven chamber can even change significantly from one oven to another, because e.g. B. the heating walls are exposed to significant movements.
- the invention has for its object to propose a method for optimal, variable volumetric filling of coke ovens, in which each oven chamber can be filled with coal as far as possible without causing emissions.
- the proposal of the invention provides for a measurement of the chamber side walls and possibly also of the furnace sole and the furnace roof, which is to be carried out whenever possible with each coke ejection process, and thus a determination of the volume of the furnace chambers. With this data recorded in a process station, the current filling volume is determined and used directly for optimal filling of these furnace chambers by adjusting the metering devices on the filling car. This guarantees an optimal filling volume while avoiding any filling gas emissions.
- the idea according to the invention also consists in using measuring methods known per se to calculate the respective volume of the furnace chamber to be filled. Since the coke push rod is equipped with a path detection, the width or height of the furnace chamber can be determined continuously over the entire length.
- the chamber widths and chamber heights are determined with the aid of measuring devices (10) attached to the coke extraction rod (8).
- measuring devices are arranged as evenly as possible over the chamber height, which determine the respective distance to the chamber walls, and possibly also to the furnace sole or furnace roof, during the entire pushing-out process depending on the travel path of the push rod.
- the measurement data from the distance measurement (10) and that from the path detection (9) are recorded in a process station (P) and transmitted to an evaluation unit (A) in which the furnace volume (V1, V2, to be filled into the furnace chambers (1, 2) Vn) and the resulting specifications for the dosing screws are calculated.
- This data is passed on to the control electronics (S), so that the dosing screws (6a - 6d) receive the required rotation speed and number of revolutions for each oven section (a - d).
- the required amount of coal is then poured into the furnace chambers (1, 2) via the individual filling holes (4a - 4d) arranged in the furnace roof (5), so that the individual sections are subsequently filled with the predetermined volumes (Va - Vd).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
- Electric Ovens (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum vollständigen und emissionsfreien Füllen von Horizontalkamnerverkokungsöfen mit Schüttkohle über in der Ofenkammer angeordnete Füllöcher.The invention relates to a method for the complete and emission-free filling of horizontal chamber coking ovens with bulk coal via filling holes arranged in the furnace chamber.
Im Schüttbetrieb werden die Verkokungsöfen üblicherweise mit Hilfe von auf der Ofendecke verfahrbaren Füllwagen oder sonstigen Transporteinrichtungen im wesentlichen gleichzeitig durch eine Anzahl von vier oder fünf Füllöchern mit Kohle gefüllt. Die beim Füllen entstehenden Emissionsgase werden dabei aus dem oberhalb der Kohleschüttung in der Ofenkammer angeordneten Gassammelraum abgesaugt. Das kann über die Steigrohre und die Vorlage oder über sogenannte Überleitrohre in eine Nachbarkammer oder auch über an die Füllöcher angeschlossene sonstige Absaugeeinrichtungen geschehen.In bulk operation, the coking ovens are usually filled with charcoal through a number of four or five filling holes with the help of filling wagons or other transport devices that can be moved on the furnace ceiling. The emission gases generated during filling are sucked out of the gas collecting space located above the coal bed in the furnace chamber. This can be done via the risers and the template or via so-called transfer pipes into a neighboring chamber or also via other suction devices connected to the filling holes.
Damit die Füllgase zu den vorhandenen Absaugstellen transportiert werden können, ist es erforderlich, daß über der eingefüllten Kohleschüttung immer ein ausreichender Gasabzugsraum sowohl zwischen den einzelnen Füllöchern als auch im Bereich der Füllöcher verbleibt.So that the filling gases can be transported to the existing suction points, it is necessary that there is always a sufficient gas extraction space both between the individual filling holes and in the area of the filling holes above the filled coal bed.
Es wird bei modernen Füllverfahren davon ausgegangen, daß die komplette Kamnerfüllung ohne zwischenzeitliches Planieren eingefüllt wird und daß immer auch unter den Füllöchern im Bereich des Schüttkegels ein Gaskanal mit einer Höhe von mindestens 150 mm beibehalten werden muß. Erst nach Einfüllen der gesamten Kohlemenge werden dann durch nach Möglichkeit einen einzigen Planierhub die Schüttkegel einplaniert.It is assumed in modern filling processes that the entire chamber filling is filled without intermediate leveling and that a gas channel with a height of at least 150 mm must always be maintained under the filling holes in the region of the cone of filling. Only after the entire amount of coal has been filled in are the filler cones leveled in, if possible, with a single leveling stroke.
Bei einem derartigen Füllverfahren kann es zu einer Blockade des Gaskanales kommen mit der Folge, daß in der Ofenkammer erheblicher Überdruck entsteht und es zu Füllgasemissionen kommt. Es wurde festgestellt, daß neben unterschiedlichen Einsatzkohlen mit unterschiedlichen Schüttgewichten sowie wechselnden Füllgeschwindigkeiten an den einzelnen Füllöchern auch die Volumina der verschiedenen Ofenkammern häufig stark voneinander abweichen. Es kann sogar von einem Ofengang zum anderen sich das Volumen einer Ofenkammer erheblich ändern, weil z. B. die Heizwände erheblichen Bewegungen ausgesetzt sind.In such a filling process, the gas channel can become blocked, with the result that considerable overpressure is created in the furnace chamber and filling gas emissions occur. It was found that, in addition to different carbons with different bulk weights and changing filling speeds at the individual filling holes, the volumes of the different furnace chambers also often differ greatly from one another. The volume of an oven chamber can even change significantly from one oven to another, because e.g. B. the heating walls are exposed to significant movements.
Es hat sich nun gezeigt, daß es bei einer einmal eingestellten, möglichst hohen Kohlenfüllmenge aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Kammerabmessungen, insbesondere in der letzten Phase des Füllvorganges zu einer Blockade des Gaskanales an einer oder mehreren Stellen kommen kann mit der Folge von starken Emissionen.It has now been shown that if the amount of coal is set as high as possible due to the different chamber dimensions, in particular in the last phase of the filling process, the gas channel can be blocked at one or more points with the result of strong emissions.
In der Praxis mußte man deshalb dazu übergehen, bei nicht bekanntem Kammervolumen, um in jedem Fall ein Überfüllen und damit Emissionen zu vermeiden, eine Füllmenge einzustellen, die dem kleinstmöglichen Kammervolumen entspricht. Es ergibt sich dadurch nur eine reduzierte Koksproduktion der gesamten Batterie.In practice, it was therefore necessary to set a filling quantity that corresponds to the smallest possible chamber volume if the chamber volume was not known, in order to avoid overfilling and thus emissions in any case. This results in only a reduced coke production of the entire battery.
Es ist bereits bekannt, während des Koksausdrückvorganges mit Hilfe von an der Koksausdrückstange angebrachten Meßeinrichtungen den Zustand, insbesondere die Temperatur, der beiden Kammerwände zu erfassen. Es gibt auch bereits Überlegungen, eventuelle Unebenheiten und insbesondere Schäden an den Kannerwänden auf diese Weise aufzunehmen (vgl. Vortrag von Herrn Dr. Huhn unter dem Stichwort "Lasertriangulation" auf der Vortragsveranstaltung "Kokereitechnik" im Haus der Technik am 29.04.1993).It is already known to measure the state, in particular the temperature, of the two chamber walls during the coke-pushing out process using measuring devices attached to the coke push-out rod. There are already considerations to pick up any unevenness and in particular damage to the walls of the scanner in this way (cf. lecture by Dr. Huhn under the keyword "laser triangulation" at the lecture event "Kokereitechnik" in the Haus der Technik on April 29, 1993).
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren für eine optimale, variable volumetrische Befüllung von Koksöfen vorzuschlagen, bei dem jede Ofenkammer soweit wie möglich mit Kohle befüllt werden kann, ohne daß es zu Emissionen kommt.The invention has for its object to propose a method for optimal, variable volumetric filling of coke ovens, in which each oven chamber can be filled with coal as far as possible without causing emissions.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist im Kennzeichen des Anspruches 1 angegeben. Die Ansprüche 2 bis 4 enthalten weitere erfinderische Maßnahmen dazu.The solution to this problem is specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.
Der Erfindungsvorschlag sieht eine möglichst bei jedem Koksausdrückvorgang vorzunehmende Vermessung der Kammerseitenwände und gegebenenfalls auch der Ofensohle und der Ofendecke und damit eine Volumenermittlung der Ofenkammern vor. Mit diesen in einer Prozeßstation erfaßten Daten wird das aktuelle Füllvolumen ermittelt und unmittelbar zur optimalen Befüllung dieser Ofenkammern durch Verstellung der Dosiereinrichtungen auf dem Füllwagen genutzt. Dadurch wird ein optimales Füllvolumen garantiert bei gleichzeitiger Vermeidung von jeglichen Füllgasemissionen.The proposal of the invention provides for a measurement of the chamber side walls and possibly also of the furnace sole and the furnace roof, which is to be carried out whenever possible with each coke ejection process, and thus a determination of the volume of the furnace chambers. With this data recorded in a process station, the current filling volume is determined and used directly for optimal filling of these furnace chambers by adjusting the metering devices on the filling car. This guarantees an optimal filling volume while avoiding any filling gas emissions.
Zur Bestimmung des Nutzvolumens hat es sich als günstig erwiesen, während des Koksausdrückvorganges mit Hilfe von an der Koksausdrückstange angebrachten Meßgeräten die Breite und/oder Höhe der Ofenkammer, vorzugsweise über der gesamten Länge, zu messen.To determine the useful volume, it has proven to be advantageous to measure the width and / or height of the furnace chamber, preferably over the entire length, during the coke extraction process using measuring devices attached to the coke extraction rod.
Die erfindungsgemäße Idee besteht weiterhin darin, an sich bekannte Meßverfahren auszunutzen, um das jeweilige Volumen der zu füllenden Ofenkammer zu berechnen. Da die Koksausdrückstange mit einer Wegerfassung ausgerüstet ist, kann die Breite bzw. Höhe der Ofenkammer kontinuierlich über der gesamten Länge bestimmt werden.The idea according to the invention also consists in using measuring methods known per se to calculate the respective volume of the furnace chamber to be filled. Since the coke push rod is equipped with a path detection, the width or height of the furnace chamber can be determined continuously over the entire length.
Damit ist es auch möglich, das jeweilige Füllvolumen in den Sektionen unter jedem einzelnen Fülloch zu bestimmen und die Kohlefüllmenge dort individuell zu regeln. Das kann an jedem Fülloch über Dosierschnecken am Auslauf jedes einzelnen Fülltrichters mit variabler Drehzahl erreicht werden.It is also possible to determine the respective filling volume in the sections under each individual filling hole and to regulate the amount of coal there individually. This can be achieved at each filling hole via dosing screws at the outlet of each individual filling funnel with variable speed.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der beigefügten Figuren 1 bis 3 beispielsweise näher erläutert.
- Figur 1
- zeigt schematisch mit unterschiedliche Kammervolumina V1, V2 .... Vn.
Figur 2- zeigt schematisch einen Füllwagen oberhalb einer Ofenkammer. In
Figur 3- ist das Verfahren zur Kammerbreitenmessung als Blockschaltbild dargestellt.
- Figure 1
- shows schematically with different chamber volumes V1, V2 .... Vn.
- Figure 2
- shows schematically a filling car above an oven chamber. In
- Figure 3
- the method for chamber width measurement is shown as a block diagram.
Während des Koksausdrückvorganges werden mit Hilfe von an der Koksausdrückstange (8) angebrachten Meßeinrichtungen (10) die Kammerbreiten und Kammerhöhen ermittelt. Dabei sind möglichst gleichmäßig über der Kammerhöhe verteilt Meßeinrichtungen angeordnet, die den jeweiligen Abstand zu den Kammerwänden, und gegebenenfalls auch zur Ofensohle bzw. Ofendekke, während des gesamten Ausdrückvorganges in Abhängigkeit vom Verfahrweg der Drückstange bestimmen. Die Meßdaten aus der Abstandsmessung (10) und die der Wegerfassung (9) werden in einer Prozeßstation (P) erfaßt und an eine Auswerteeinheit (A) übertragen, in der das in die Ofenkammern (1, 2) einzufüllende Ofenvolumen (V1, V2, Vn) und die daraus resultierenden Vorgaben für die Dosierschnecken berechnet werden. Diese Daten werden an die Steuerelektronik (S) weitergegeben, so daß die Dosierschnecken (6a - 6d) die benötigte Drehgeschwindigkeit und Anzahl der Umdrehungen für jede Ofensektion (a - d) erhalten. Über die einzelnen in der Ofendecke (5) angeordneten Füllöcher (4a - 4d) wird dann die erforderliche Kohlemenge in die Ofenkammern (1, 2) eingefüllt, so daß nachher die einzelnen Sektionen mit den vorgegebenen Volumina (Va - Vd) gefüllt sind.During the coke extraction process, the chamber widths and chamber heights are determined with the aid of measuring devices (10) attached to the coke extraction rod (8). Here, measuring devices are arranged as evenly as possible over the chamber height, which determine the respective distance to the chamber walls, and possibly also to the furnace sole or furnace roof, during the entire pushing-out process depending on the travel path of the push rod. The measurement data from the distance measurement (10) and that from the path detection (9) are recorded in a process station (P) and transmitted to an evaluation unit (A) in which the furnace volume (V1, V2, to be filled into the furnace chambers (1, 2) Vn) and the resulting specifications for the dosing screws are calculated. This data is passed on to the control electronics (S), so that the dosing screws (6a - 6d) receive the required rotation speed and number of revolutions for each oven section (a - d). The required amount of coal is then poured into the furnace chambers (1, 2) via the individual filling holes (4a - 4d) arranged in the furnace roof (5), so that the individual sections are subsequently filled with the predetermined volumes (Va - Vd).
Entscheidend ist dabei, daß auch in der letzten Phase des Füllvorganges oberhalb des Schüttkegels in den einzelnen Sektionen jeweils ein freier Gaskanal (3) verbleibt, durch den sämtliche Füllgase abgezogen werden können. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist es möglich, für jede zu füllende Ofenkammer (1, 2) das entsprechende Einzelvolumen Va - Vd) zu bestimmen, das dann aus den Fülltrichtern (7) über die Dosierschnecken (6a - 6d) eingefüllt wird, ohne daß es zu Überfüllungen und damit zu einer Blockade des Gassammelraumes (3) kommt.It is crucial that a free gas channel (3) remains in the individual sections in the last phase of the filling process above the pouring cone, through which all filling gases can be drawn off. With the method according to the invention, it is possible to determine the corresponding individual volume Va - Vd) for each furnace chamber (1, 2) to be filled, which is then filled from the filling funnels (7) via the metering screws (6a - 6d) without it overfilling and thus blockage of the gas collecting space (3) occurs.
- (1), (2)(1), (2)
- OfenkammernFurnace chambers
- (3)(3)
- GaskanalGas channel
- (4a) - (4d)(4a) - (4d)
- FüllöcherFilling holes
- (5)(5)
- OfendeckeFurnace roof
- (6a) - (6d)(6a) - (6d)
- DosierschneckenDosing screws
- (7)(7)
- FülltrichterHopper
- (8)(8th)
- KoksausdrückmaschineCoke press machine
- (9)(9)
- WegerfassungPath detection
- (10)(10)
- Meßeinrichtungen zur Bestimmung der Kammerabmessungen nach dem Verfahren der LasertriangulationMeasuring devices for determining the chamber dimensions using the laser triangulation method
- (Va) - Vd)(Va) - Vd)
- Volumen der Sektionen a bis dVolume of sections a to d
- (V1), (V2), ... (Vn)(V1), (V2), ... (Vn)
- Volumen der Kammern (1), (2), ... (n)Volume of the chambers (1), (2), ... (n)
- (P)(P)
- ProzeßstationProcess station
- (S)(S)
- SteuerelektronikControl electronics
- (A)(A)
- AuswerteeinheitEvaluation unit
Claims (4)
- Method of filling horizontal coking ovens completely with coal without causing pollution, charging the coal through charging holes located in the coke oven top, characterized in that the useful volume of the coke oven chamber to be filled is determined during and/or after each coke pushing cycle and that the coal charging quantity is regulated automatically depending on the useful volume.
- Method pursuant to Claim 1, characterized in that the width and/or height of the coke oven chamber is measured during the coke pushing cycle, preferably over its entire length, by the aid of measuring instruments mounted at the coke pusher ram bar in order to determine the useful volume.
- Method pursuant to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the coal charging quantity is regulated at each charging hole individually depending on the pertaining chamber dimensions.
- Method pursuant to Claim 3, characterized in that the coal charging quantity is regulated at each charging hole through metering screws operating at variable speed.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4320082A DE4320082C1 (en) | 1993-06-17 | 1993-06-17 | Process for the complete and emission-free filling of horizontal chamber coking ovens with coal |
| DE4320082 | 1993-06-17 | ||
| PCT/EP1994/001950 WO1995000601A1 (en) | 1993-06-17 | 1994-06-15 | Method of filling horizontal coking ovens completely with coal without causing pollution |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0703956A1 EP0703956A1 (en) | 1996-04-03 |
| EP0703956B1 true EP0703956B1 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
Family
ID=6490544
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94918873A Expired - Lifetime EP0703956B1 (en) | 1993-06-17 | 1994-06-15 | Method of filling horizontal coking ovens completely with coal without causing pollution |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0703956B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE147425T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2165429A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4320082C1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2098962T3 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW379249B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995000601A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE373067T1 (en) * | 2000-08-23 | 2007-09-15 | Dmt Gmbh | METHOD FOR FILLING COKE OVEN CHAMBERS OF A COKE OVEN BATTERY |
| DE102005010114A1 (en) * | 2005-02-16 | 2006-08-17 | Schalker Eisenhütte Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Method and system for the experience-based control and / or regulation of an operating process of a coke oven operating device |
| DE102008058922B4 (en) | 2008-11-25 | 2013-02-21 | Kbs Kokereibetriebsgesellschaft Schwelgern Gmbh | Method and filling car for filling coke oven chambers |
| CN108300493B (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2024-02-02 | 大连华锐重工焦炉车辆设备有限公司 | Automatic alignment system and alignment method for double reading heads of SCP (service control point) machine |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU386975A1 (en) * | 1972-06-19 | 1973-06-21 | Днепропетровский металлургический институт, Базова опытно конструкторска изотопна лаборатори , Днепродзержннский коксохимический завод | METHOD OF CONTROL OF WORK OF COKE OVENS |
| JPS5670406A (en) * | 1979-11-13 | 1981-06-12 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Measuring method for shape of surface of baked coke cake in coke oven |
| JPS63110284A (en) * | 1986-10-28 | 1988-05-14 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Measuring of amount of charged coal in coke oven |
| JPH03269209A (en) * | 1990-03-19 | 1991-11-29 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for measuring side wall profile of cabonizing chamber of coke oven |
| JPH05179249A (en) * | 1992-01-06 | 1993-07-20 | Nkk Corp | Method for controlling coal charge of coke oven |
-
1993
- 1993-06-17 DE DE4320082A patent/DE4320082C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-06-15 WO PCT/EP1994/001950 patent/WO1995000601A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-06-15 DE DE59401554T patent/DE59401554D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-06-15 ES ES94918873T patent/ES2098962T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-15 AT AT94918873T patent/ATE147425T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-15 EP EP94918873A patent/EP0703956B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-15 CA CA002165429A patent/CA2165429A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-09-08 TW TW083108288A patent/TW379249B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0703956A1 (en) | 1996-04-03 |
| DE4320082C1 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
| CA2165429A1 (en) | 1994-12-18 |
| ATE147425T1 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
| DE59401554D1 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
| WO1995000601A1 (en) | 1995-01-05 |
| ES2098962T3 (en) | 1997-05-01 |
| TW379249B (en) | 2000-01-11 |
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