EP0702129B1 - Axialdurchströmte Gasturbine - Google Patents
Axialdurchströmte Gasturbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0702129B1 EP0702129B1 EP95810542A EP95810542A EP0702129B1 EP 0702129 B1 EP0702129 B1 EP 0702129B1 EP 95810542 A EP95810542 A EP 95810542A EP 95810542 A EP95810542 A EP 95810542A EP 0702129 B1 EP0702129 B1 EP 0702129B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- turbine
- rotor
- cooling air
- compressor
- drum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
- F01D5/081—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
- F01D5/081—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades
- F01D5/084—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades the fluid circulating at the periphery of a multistage rotor, e.g. of drum type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/60—Shafts
- F05D2240/63—Glands for admission or removal of fluids from shafts
Definitions
- the invention relates to an axially flow-through gas turbine according to Preamble of claim 1, consisting essentially from a multi-stage turbine, which one on drives a common shaft arranged compressor, wherein the shaft part between the turbine and the compressor is a drum.
- Cooling air is z. B. removed from the compressor end. The the majority of it flows through separate lines and via a swirl grid, which is usually on the same Radius like the rotor cooling channels on the front of the Turbine rotor is located and e.g. known from GB 2 189 845 is in these rotor cooling channels. The smaller part of Cooling air is used to cool the last compressor disc, the Drum and the first turbine disc.
- EP 0 447 886 describes everything required for rotor cooling Cooling air after the last run of the compressor removed from its hub and immediately with the twist attached to it in the between the rotor drum and drum cover located ring channel passed. It flows up to that Drum labyrinth. The inevitable flows through the labyrinth Leakage amount while the main part of the rotor cooling air in one Swirl grid is guided. There is an acceleration the cooling air while redirecting in the direction of rotation of the rotor. The outflow from the swirl grille takes place almost tangential. The leakage mass flow through the drum labyrinth mixes under the swirl grille in the area of the turbine disc with the cooling air after the swirl grille.
- the invention tries to avoid all of these disadvantages. It is based on the task of an axially flow Gas turbine of the type mentioned at the beginning to reduce the axial thrust, the effectiveness of blade and disc cooling to improve and even temperature distribution to reach.
- this is the case of an axially flow-through gas turbine achieved according to the preamble of claim 1, that at least one suction device in the area of the drum labyrinth for the leakage air and part of the cooling air is arranged.
- the advantages of the invention include that the turbine disk and part of the rotor drum only still be swept by the cooling air. This results in a deeper and above all more even temperature distribution, which has a positive effect on the strength in the rotor-disc transition effect. As with the suction of the leakage air Mixing with the cooling air is also avoided Cooling air is not heated and the swirl of the cooling air remains undisturbed.
- suction device is off a line exists, which on one side with the Collecting space for the leakage or cooling air and on the other Side with the cooling air extraction annulus in the compressor housing connected is.
- suction device with the Cooling air devices in connection for the rear turbine stages brought, because by this the extracted air of the cooling air is added for the rear turbine stages and thus is meaningfully used for the process.
- At least one supply is arranged to the ring channel, which at their respective End has at least one swirl nozzle. This can cooling air is also added to the hot leakage air, so that in this area the air temperature to the allowable Mass is reduced.
- the cooling air pressure after the Swirl grid chosen so that the usual Labyrinth seal between the turbine disc and the disc cover can be dispensed with, so that the pressure near the window determined by the pressure of the main turbine flow in the gas duct becomes. If the rotor drum labyrinth is damaged will be replaced by the disc labyrinth and through the extraction of the enlarged leakage air a large one Pressure increase on the turbine disc prevented, so that the rotor axial thrust changes only slightly. Even the drum and Disc temperatures remain in the case of a labyrinth clearance increase relatively stable.
- Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing a single-shaft axially flow-through gas turbine.
- FIG. 1 that the turbine 1 through which there is an axial flow can be seen essentially from the rotor equipped with blades 2 3 and the blade carrier 5 equipped with guide blades 4.
- Fig. 1 is only the first axially flow Stage of the turbine 1 shown.
- the blade carrier 5 is in the Turbine housing 6 suspended.
- the turbine housing 6 comprises also the collecting space 7 for the compressed combustion air.
- the combustion air passes from the collecting space 7 into the annular combustion chamber 8, which opens into the turbine inlet.
- the collecting room 7 flows the compressed air from the diffuser 9 of the Compressor 10.
- compressor 10 Of compressor 10, only the last one is shown in FIG Stage with the rotor blades 11 and the guide blades 12 shown.
- the blades of the compressor 10 and the turbine 1 sit on a common shaft 13, the part located between turbine 1 and compressor 10 is designed as a drum 14.
- the drum 14 is surrounded by a drum cover 15 which connected to the diffuser outer housing 17 via ribs 16 is.
- the drum cover 15 bounds together on the turbine side with the end face 18 of the turbine rotor 3 a radially extending Wheel side compartment 19.
- the wheel side space 19 forms the end of an annular channel 20, which runs between the drum 14 and the drum cover 15.
- This ring channel 20 is one against the drum cover 15 sealing labyrinth seal 21 arranged.
- swirl nozzles 23 are arranged at its end.
- the swirl nozzle 23 for the main turbine rotor cooling air is preferably on arranged the same radius as the rotor cooling channels 24 or the inlet opening of the rotor cooling channels 24 while one or more further swirl nozzles 23 in a smaller radial Distance from the main turbine axis are arranged and for admixing cooling air for the front side 18 of the turbine rotor 3 serve.
- Fig. 2 shows in detail a possible embodiment of the Suction device 25.
- the ring channel 20 is in the area of the suction devices 25 expanded to two collection rooms 26.
- the two suction devices 25 here are lines which on the one hand with the collecting spaces 26 of the leakage air and on the other hand with the cooling air extraction annuli 28 in the compressor housing are connected. From the cooling air extraction annulus 28 leads 22a to the cooling system of the rear turbine stages.
- the arrangement of the collecting rooms 26 in the drum labyrinth 21 is chosen so that the resulting pressure drop between rooms 26 and 28 and the cross sections of the lines 25 result in the required suction air quantities.
- the suction device 25 can also be trained differently.
- the compressor-side part of the rotor drum 14 for a small part of the cooling air Feed 27 to the annular channel 20 may be arranged, which at its at least the end facing the annular channel 20 has a swirl nozzle 23.
- the swirl nozzles 23 are acceleration grids with little curvature of the skeleton line. The admixture of the cooling air in the hot leakage air mass flow leads to that in the compressor-side part the rotor drum 14 the air temperature to an allowable Mass is reduced.
- FIG 3 shows that only one suction device 25 or more than two suction devices 25 for the leakage or Cooling air can be arranged.
- the cooling air required for rotor cooling is at the end of the compressor taken.
- the main part of the rotor cooling air flows via the line 22 and the swirl nozzle 23 into the wheel side space 19.
- Most of this swirling cooling air flows over the inlet openings located at the same height into the cooling channels 24 of the rotor 3, while a small Share between the turbine disc and the disc cover flows into the gas channel of the turbine 1.
- Another one Swirl nozzle 23, which is at a smaller radial distance from the main turbine axis as the above Swirl nozzle 23 arranged is, further cooling air is guided into the wheel side space 19.
- the mixing also takes place the cooling air after the swirl nozzle 23 avoided.
- the swirl of the Cooling air after the swirl nozzle 23 is no longer through Leakage air affects and there is no heating the cooling air is held by the hotter leakage air; thereby the entry conditions into the rotor cooling system are almost constant, the performance of the cooling air is better and the entry losses in the rotor cooling system are minimized.
- the cooling air pressure after the swirl grille can now be selected in this way that on the normally between turbine disc and the disk cover arranged labyrinth seal can be. This will reduce the pressure near the window Pressure of the main turbine flow in the gas duct determined.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen Teillängsschnitt der Gasturbine;
- Fig. 2
- einen vergrösserten Teillängsschnitt im Bereich des Trommellabyrinths und der Absaugvorrichtung;
- Fig. 3a-c
- drei verschiedene Anordnungsmöglichkeiten der Absaugvorrichtung.
- 1
- Turbine
- 2
- Laufschaufel der Turbine
- 3
- Rotor
- 4
- Leitschaufel der Turbine
- 5
- Schaufelträger
- 6
- Turbinengehäuse
- 7
- Sammelraum
- 8
- Ringbrennkammer
- 9
- Diffusor
- 10
- Verdichter
- 11
- Laufschaufel des Verdichters
- 12
- Leitschaufel des Verdichters
- 13
- Welle
- 14
- Trommel
- 15
- Trommelabdeckung
- 16
- Rippen
- 17
- Diffusoraussengehäuse
- 18
- Stirnseite des Turbinenrotors
- 19
- Radseitenraum
- 20
- Ringkanal
- 21
- Labyrinthdichtung
- 22
- Leitungen für Turbinenrotorkühlluft
- 22a
- Leitungen zum Kühlluftsystem der hinteren Turbinenstufen
- 23
- Dralldüse
- 24
- Rotorkühlkanäle
- 25
- Absaugvorrichtung
- 26
- Sammelraum
- 27
- Zuführung für geringen Kühlluftteil
- 28
- Kühlluftentnahmeringraum
Claims (6)
- Axialdurchströmte Gasturbine, im wesentlichen bestehend aus einer mehrstufigen Turbine (1), welche einen auf einer gemeinsamen Welle (13) angeordneten Verdichter (10) antreibt,dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich des Trommellabyrinths (21) mindestens eine Absaugvorrichtung (25) für die Leckageluft und einen Teil der Kühlluft aus dem Radseitenraum (19) angeordnet ist.bei welcher der zwischen der Turbine (1) und dem Verdichter (10) liegende Wellenteil eine Trommel (14) ist, die von einer Trommelabdeckung (15) unter Bildung eines Ringkanals (20) umgeben ist, wobei im Ringkanal (20) eine gegen die Trommelabdeckung (15) dichtende Labyrinthdichtung (21) angeordnet ist, und die Trommelabdeckung (15) zusammen mit der Stirnseite (18) des Turbinenrotors (3) einen radial verlaufenden Radseitenraum (19) begrenzt,bei der mindestens eine separate Leitung (22) zur Führung der Turbinenrotorkühlluft vom Verdichter (10) zur Stirnseite (18) des Turbinenrotors (3) angeordnet ist und die Verbindung zwischen dieser Leitung (22) und dem Radseitenraum (19) über mindestens zwei Dralldüsen (23) erfolgt,bei der Kühleinrichtungen (24) für den Turbinenrotor (3) und seine Laufschaufelkränze vorhanden sind unddie gesamte rotorseitige Kühlluft für die Turbine (1) dem Verdichter (10) im Bereich des Verdichteraustritts entnommen wird,
- Axialdurchströmte Gasturbine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ringkanal (20) im Bereich der Absaugvorrichtung (25) zu einem Sammelraum (26) für die Leckage- bzw. Kühlluft erweitert ist.
- Axialdurchströmte Gasturbine nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Absaugvorrichtung (25) aus einer Leitung besteht, welche auf der einen Seite mit dem Sammelraum (26) für die Leckage- bzw. Kühlluft und auf der anderen Seite mit dem Kühlluftentnahmeringraum (28) im Verdichtergehäuse verbunden ist.
- Axialdurchströmte Gasturbine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Absaugvorrichtung (25) mit den Kühleinrichtungen (24) der hinteren Turbinenstufen in Verbindung steht.
- Axialdurchströmte Gasturbine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im verdichterseitigen Teil der Rotortrommel (14) für einen Teil der Kühlluft mindestens eine Zuführung (27) zum Ringkanal (20) angeordnet ist, welche an ihrem jeweiligen Ende mindestens eine Dralldüse (23) aufweist.
- Axialdurchströmte Gasturbine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlluftdruck nach dem Drallgitter (23) im Radseitenraum (19) so gewählt wird, dass auf eine Labyrinthdichtung zwischen Turbinenscheibe und Scheibenabdeckung verzichtet werden kann.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4433289 | 1994-09-19 | ||
| DE4433289A DE4433289A1 (de) | 1994-09-19 | 1994-09-19 | Axialdurchströmte Gasturbine |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0702129A2 EP0702129A2 (de) | 1996-03-20 |
| EP0702129A3 EP0702129A3 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
| EP0702129B1 true EP0702129B1 (de) | 2002-06-05 |
Family
ID=6528562
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95810542A Expired - Lifetime EP0702129B1 (de) | 1994-09-19 | 1995-09-01 | Axialdurchströmte Gasturbine |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5575617A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0702129B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH08105330A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1056909C (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4433289A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19632038A1 (de) * | 1996-08-08 | 1998-02-12 | Asea Brown Boveri | Vorrichtung zur Abscheidung von Staubpartikeln |
| US5738488A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-04-14 | General Electric Co. | Gland for transferring cooling medium to the rotor of a gas turbine |
| JP3310907B2 (ja) * | 1997-06-12 | 2002-08-05 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ガスタービンフランジ接合面のシール構造 |
| JP3567065B2 (ja) * | 1997-07-31 | 2004-09-15 | 株式会社東芝 | ガスタービン |
| US6968696B2 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-11-29 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Part load blade tip clearance control |
| US7096673B2 (en) * | 2003-10-08 | 2006-08-29 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Blade tip clearance control |
| US7743613B2 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2010-06-29 | General Electric Company | Compound turbine cooled engine |
| US7934901B2 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2011-05-03 | General Electric Company | Air directing assembly and method of assembling the same |
| US8092150B2 (en) * | 2007-07-04 | 2012-01-10 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Gas turbine with axial thrust balance |
| US8277170B2 (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2012-10-02 | General Electric Company | Cooling circuit for use in turbine bucket cooling |
| US8192151B2 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2012-06-05 | General Electric Company | Turbine engine having cooling gland |
| US9593590B2 (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2017-03-14 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Active bypass flow control for a seal in a gas turbine engine |
| EP3006668A1 (de) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gasturbine mit zwei Drallzuleitungen zur Kühlung des Rotors |
| JP6554736B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-23 | 2019-08-07 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | ガスタービンロータ、ガスタービン、及びガスタービン設備 |
| WO2018165455A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2018-09-13 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Back to back bearing sealing systems |
| US10669893B2 (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2020-06-02 | General Electric Company | Air bearing and thermal management nozzle arrangement for interdigitated turbine engine |
| US10941664B2 (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2021-03-09 | General Electric Company | Turbine engine component and method of cooling |
| US11428160B2 (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2022-08-30 | General Electric Company | Gas turbine engine with interdigitated turbine and gear assembly |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE585101C (de) * | 1930-07-25 | 1933-09-28 | Wilhelm Beyer Dipl Ing | Labyrinthdichtung gegen unter UEberdruck stehenden Sattdampf, insbesondere bei Hochdruckdampfanlagen |
| DE974790C (de) * | 1952-11-19 | 1961-04-27 | Kuehnle Ag | Mit einem Geblaese zusammenarbeitende Gasturbine |
| NL105688C (de) * | 1958-10-01 | |||
| CH443821A (de) * | 1966-01-14 | 1967-09-15 | Escher Wyss Ag | Vorrichtung zur Abdichtung der Welle einer Turbomaschine für Wärmekraftanlagen, deren gasförmiges Arbeitsmittel in einem Atomkern-Reaktor erhitzt wird |
| AT290927B (de) * | 1968-10-28 | 1971-06-25 | Elin Union Ag | Kühlung des Trommelrotors von Gasturbinen |
| US3602605A (en) * | 1969-09-29 | 1971-08-31 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Cooling system for a gas turbine |
| CA939521A (en) * | 1970-04-28 | 1974-01-08 | Bruce R. Branstrom | Turbine coolant flow system |
| US3826084A (en) * | 1970-04-28 | 1974-07-30 | United Aircraft Corp | Turbine coolant flow system |
| US4296599A (en) * | 1979-03-30 | 1981-10-27 | General Electric Company | Turbine cooling air modulation apparatus |
| JPS5951109A (ja) * | 1982-09-17 | 1984-03-24 | Hitachi Ltd | 蒸気原動所の復水器真空保持装置 |
| US4645415A (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1987-02-24 | United Technologies Corporation | Air cooler for providing buffer air to a bearing compartment |
| US4574584A (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1986-03-11 | United Technologies Corporation | Method of operation for a gas turbine engine |
| DE3627306A1 (de) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-09-03 | Mtu Muenchen Gmbh | Einrichtung zur belueftung von rotorbauteilen fuer verdichter von gasturbinentriebwerken |
| GB2189845B (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 1991-01-23 | Gen Electric | Turbine cooling air transferring apparatus |
| US4666368A (en) * | 1986-05-01 | 1987-05-19 | General Electric Company | Swirl nozzle for a cooling system in gas turbine engines |
| CA1309873C (en) * | 1987-04-01 | 1992-11-10 | Graham P. Butt | Gas turbine combustor transition duct forced convection cooling |
| EP0447886B1 (de) * | 1990-03-23 | 1994-07-13 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Axialdurchströmte Gasturbine |
| FR2690482B1 (fr) * | 1992-04-23 | 1994-06-03 | Snecma | Circuit de ventilation des disques de compresseurs et de turbines. |
| DE4225625A1 (de) * | 1992-08-03 | 1994-02-10 | Asea Brown Boveri | Abgasturbolader |
-
1994
- 1994-09-19 DE DE4433289A patent/DE4433289A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-08-02 US US08/510,504 patent/US5575617A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-01 EP EP95810542A patent/EP0702129B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-01 DE DE59510224T patent/DE59510224D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-19 CN CN95109559A patent/CN1056909C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-19 JP JP7240126A patent/JPH08105330A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1056909C (zh) | 2000-09-27 |
| EP0702129A2 (de) | 1996-03-20 |
| CN1129278A (zh) | 1996-08-21 |
| EP0702129A3 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
| JPH08105330A (ja) | 1996-04-23 |
| DE59510224D1 (de) | 2002-07-11 |
| DE4433289A1 (de) | 1996-03-21 |
| US5575617A (en) | 1996-11-19 |
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