Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
  • F24F1/0003—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station characterised by a split arrangement, wherein parts of the air-conditioning system, e.g. evaporator and condenser, are in separately located units

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method and a
• the devices able to allow air conditioning and heating of dwellings are of four types differentiating by the external energy source,
• the first type of device consists of air / water systems generally consisting of a centralized installation composed of an outdoor group 15 installed on the terrace, and fan coil units arranged in the rooms to be heated and cooled and supplied from the group outside by means of insulated hydraulic lines.
• the second type of device consists of water / air systems consisting of heat pumps arranged in the housings, and supplied by means of a constant temperature water loop, maintained at the desired temperature by a loop heater and a cooling tower using the evaporation of 15% of the water in the circuit to cool it down.
• This system overcomes some of the disadvantages of the air / water systems described above. Indeed, it is possible to heat or air condition at the same time different dwellings of the building. In addition, apart from a failure of one of the elements of the cooling tower, any malfunction concerns only one dwelling and not the entire building. However, this system also has drawbacks. Firstly, the noise level in the dwellings is high because the compressors are arranged inside the heat pumps installed in these dwellings. In addition, although the pre-equipment is less expensive than in the case of an air / water system (cooling tower cheaper than the external group of this air / water system, and non-insulated pipes) the overall cost of the installation is greater than that of air / water systems.
• the third type of device consists of water / water systems consisting of fan coil units arranged in the housings, and supplied by means of a water loop provided with a cooling tower. Such a system can be compared to air / water systems with the disadvantage of not allowing cycle reversal.
• the fourth type of device consists of air / air systems produced by means of split systems, that is to say devices comprising the condenser part and the evaporator part, and consisting of an outdoor unit and a unit indoor unit connected by a "Freon" pipe, the outdoor unit comprising a fan, a compressor and an exchanger, and the indoor unit comprising a fan and an exchanger.
• Such system splits can be designed to treat an entire home.
• the indoor unit is then connected to a network of ducts allowing the air to be distributed in the different rooms of this accommodation.
• the advantage of such a system is that it is less expensive than the three systems mentioned above.
• the different dwellings are treated completely independently.
• the cost price of the installation is still relatively high.
• the noise level at the intake air of the indoor unit is high.
• the temperature regulation in the different rooms is very random.
• the present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the various air conditioning and heating devices for dwellings, and has for
• the invention relates to a method of air conditioning and / or heating of dwellings, in particular of collective buildings, of the type consisting:
• the outdoor unit comprising a compressor, ventilation means and an exchanger
• the indoor unit comprising ventilation means and an exchanger
• this process is characterized in that it consists:
• the air conditioning of a housing comprising several rooms is ensured by means of an indoor unit / outdoor unit assembly originally designed to treat a single room (blowing mouth open due to the low pressure of the device interior).
• This air conditioning is, moreover, ensured by means of an installation comprising no blowing duct, and the noise level of which is very low due, on the one hand, to the low pressure of the indoor unit, and d on the other hand, the relaxation chamber phenomenon given by the plenum.
• the originality of the technique used according to the invention therefore lies in its extreme simplicity which makes it possible to achieve air conditioning in a dwelling by means of an installation whose cost is very much lower than that of current installations.
• the purpose of this process is to allow air conditioning and heating of the dwellings, and an outdoor unit provided with cycle reversing means is used for this purpose, and an indoor unit equipped with an additional electric battery. controlled by an external thermostat.
• one uses, for one of the rooms of the housing, said master room, a blowing grid having air flow characteristics capable of authorizing fluctuations in the flow rate of said grid compared to its nominal flow rate, and for the other rooms of the housing, said annexes , supply air grilles fitted with adjustment registers capable of making it possible to vary the flow rate of said grids relative to their nominal flow rate, in a range such that the supply air grid of the master piece can absorb these variations in flow rate,
• the temperature is regulated in the different annex rooms of the accommodation by modifying, by means of adjustment registers, the air flow delivered in said annex rooms.
• the regulation of the temperature in an annex room can be refined very simply by modifying by means of the adjustment register the flow rate of air blown into said room.
• the variation in flow rate generated by the closing or opening of one or more blowing grilles of one or more ancillary parts is reflected in the master piece through the blowing grate thereof, which on the one hand does not have an adjustment register, and on the other hand is designed so as to be able to absorb these flow fluctuations.
• the operation of the compressor is advantageously controlled by means of a temperature control member arranged so as to raise the temperature of the air taken up by the ventilation means of the indoor unit.
• the temperature control device is thus arranged so as to raise the temperature of the overall return air which corresponds to the average temperature of the housing, and the latter then reacts to fluctuations in the flow rate of the different blowing grids so as to readjust the temperatures in the housing.
• control registers for the supply air grilles of the annexed parts are preferably piloted by means of thermostatic control members.
• the upper face of the false ceiling is covered by means of a layer of sound and heat insulating material.
• the essential function of such a material is to avoid any condensation resulting from a temperature difference between the interior of the plenum and the ambient air. It also has the function of attenuating the acoustic level, on the one hand of the indoor unit, and on the other hand between rooms.
• the indoor unit is advantageously integrated into the false ceiling, and said false ceiling is divided into two parts by forming a return plenum, provided with a return grid capable of serving as a trap door, and the blowing plenum.
• This arrangement of the indoor unit in the false ceiling with the installation of a panel separating this false ceiling into a return plenum and a supply plenum, constitutes a very advantageous embodiment, on the one hand, by with regard to the cost price of the installation and, on the other hand, from the maintenance point of view.
• the invention extends to an air conditioning and / or heating device for dwellings, in particular collective buildings of the type comprising:
• a temperature control unit inside the housing capable of controlling the operation of the compressor of the outdoor unit.
• this device is characterized in that:
• the indoor unit is a low pressure unit capable of delivering air under a pressure at most equal to 8 mm
• the blowing means comprise a false ceiling forming a sealed plenum capable of serving as an expansion chamber, said plenum comprising blowing grids for each of the rooms in the housing.
• FIG. 1 is a plan view of a housing with a terrace equipped with a device according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a schematic elevational view through a vertical plane of this apartment.
• the installation according to the invention comprises an indoor unit 1 and an outdoor unit 2 with direct expansion connected together by refrigeration pipes and electric lines such as 3 protected by an ICT and embedded in the floor screed.
• refrigeration pipes and electric lines such as 3 protected by an ICT and embedded in the floor screed.
• the outdoor unit 2 consists of a direct expansion heat pump with a cooling capacity of 3600 W and a heating capacity of 3800 W.
• the refrigeration circuit typically includes a hermetic compressor fitted with a crankcase heater, a direct expansion heat exchanger in copper with aluminum fins, a refrigeration circuit and a low speed axial fan.
• the refrigeration circuit also comprises, essentially, a pressure reducer, a four-way cycle reversing valve, an anti-blow liquid bottle, and a dehydrator.
• This outdoor unit 2 further comprises a defrosting system capable of controlling the temperature on the exchanger and of periodically controlling cycle reversals when this temperature is below a predetermined threshold.
• the indoor unit 1 consists, for its part, of an unshielded fan coil with a nominal flow rate of 650 m J / h with a pressure of less than 6 mm and of the order of 5 mm. It includes a three-speed ventilation unit, a copper / aluminum direct expansion heat exchanger, and a 2 KW electric battery. This electric heater is slaved to an external thermostat which authorizes its activation below a predetermined set point.
• This indoor unit 1 is connected to a pre-wired control unit comprising a thermostat, arranged in the apartment so that said thermostat reads the temperature of the air taken up by said unit.
• This control unit 4 further comprises an on / off button, a ventilation speed selector, a winter / summer cycle reverser.
• the refrigeration connections connecting the two indoor 1 and outdoor 2 units comprise a gas tube and a liquid tube sheathed with a sleeve made of an insulating material.
• the electrical connections connecting these two units 1, 2 comprise, for their part, electric cables bringing the power delivered to the circuit breaker to the outdoor unit 2, and making it possible to deliver to this outdoor unit 2 the thermostat control signal.
• the outdoor unit 2 is installed on the terrace of the apartment near the railing of this terrace, and has an outdoor grid 5 integrated in this railing. It should be noted that, given the shallow depth (of the order of 25 cm) of this outdoor unit 2, it is easy to design an architectural solution allowing it to be integrated directly into the railing.
• the indoor unit 1 is, for its part, placed above a false ceiling 6 consisting of a plasterboard plate BA 13, extending in the circulation of the apartment, and adapted to form a plenum blowing 7 for distributing air in all rooms to be heated or cooled. With a view to evacuating the condensates, this indoor unit 1 is connected to an evacuation pipe 8 connected by a siphon 9 to a waste water pipe.
• the volume delimited by the false ceiling 6 is, moreover, separated into two by a vertical flange 10 arranged in line with the indoor unit 1, so as to form two separate volumes constituting the blowing plenum 7 extending to the front of the indoor unit 1, and a return plenum 11 extending to the rear of this indoor unit 1.
• this false ceiling 6 is provided with a grid 12 arranged at the right of the indoor unit 1 so as to communicate with the return plenum 11.
• This grid 12 for example fixed by means of screws, advantageously has dimensions (for example 600 mm x 600 mm) which, thanks to its positioning at right of the indoor unit 1, allow maintenance or troubleshooting of this indoor unit.
• the access doors to these rooms are detachable so as to provide a light 13 under said doors.
• the false ceiling 6 is covered, in its part delimiting the blowing plenum 7, with a layer
• This supply plenum 7 is also equipped with supply grilles for air distribution in the different rooms:
• the blowing grille 15 supplying the main room, generally the living room, being adapted to have aeraulic characteristics capable of authorizing fluctuations in the flow rate of said grid of plus or minus 40% relative to its nominal flow rate,
• the supply grilles 16, 17 supplying the other parts being provided with adjustment registers capable of making it possible to vary the flow rate of said grids by more or less 30% relative to their nominal flow rate.
• the registers for adjusting the supply grilles 16, 17 are controlled by a thermostatic control member (not shown) allowing the temperature of these parts to be regulated independently.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
• Duct Arrangements (AREA)
• Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
• Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
• Catalysts (AREA)
• Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9445876

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Families Citing this family (12)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1993
  • 1993-04-06 FR FR9304160A patent/FR2703761B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1994
  • 1994-03-31 ES ES94912575T patent/ES2098134T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-03-31 AU AU65066/94A patent/AU6506694A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1994-03-31 AT AT94912575T patent/ATE148214T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-03-31 WO PCT/FR1994/000363 patent/WO1994023249A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1994-03-31 EP EP94912575A patent/EP0692085B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-03-31 DE DE69401579T patent/DE69401579T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-03-31 CN CN94192137A patent/CN1123568A/zh active Pending
  • 1994-03-31 US US08/532,682 patent/US5913723A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-03-31 SG SG9604163A patent/SG81193A1/en unknown
• 1997
  • 1997-04-21 GR GR970400840T patent/GR3023180T3/el unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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