EP0691706A1 - Elektrisches Verbindungsmodul mit Verbindungsteil als Kabelklemme mit isolationsverdräugenden Schlitz - Google Patents

Elektrisches Verbindungsmodul mit Verbindungsteil als Kabelklemme mit isolationsverdräugenden Schlitz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0691706A1
EP0691706A1 EP95401551A EP95401551A EP0691706A1 EP 0691706 A1 EP0691706 A1 EP 0691706A1 EP 95401551 A EP95401551 A EP 95401551A EP 95401551 A EP95401551 A EP 95401551A EP 0691706 A1 EP0691706 A1 EP 0691706A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
wire
auxiliary part
slot
connection module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95401551A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0691706B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Paul Heng
Ariel Ruiz
Luc Doutaz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB France SAS
Original Assignee
Entrelec SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Entrelec SAS filed Critical Entrelec SAS
Publication of EP0691706A1 publication Critical patent/EP0691706A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0691706B1 publication Critical patent/EP0691706B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
    • H01R4/2416—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type
    • H01R4/242—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members being plates having a single slot
    • H01R4/2425—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates
    • H01R4/2429—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates mounted in an insulating base
    • H01R4/2433—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates mounted in an insulating base one part of the base being movable to push the cable into the slot
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/01—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for connecting unstripped conductors to contact members having insulation cutting edges

Definitions

  • the invention provides an electrical connection module with a contact piece of the wire retaining slot type provided with a stripped mouth.
  • a known technique for connecting an electric wire to an electrically conductive contact piece consists in providing a wire core retaining slot opening at an edge of this piece to allow the insertion of the wire transversely into the slot. where the core of this wire gets stuck after being locally stripped of its sheath by the edges of the mouth via which the slot opens at the edge of the part.
  • An auxiliary operating part is provided for carrying out the operations of stripping the core of the wire and driving the core and the wire respectively into the slot and into the second opening part up to a position where the retainers of the 'soul and wire by its sheath are provided by this slot and by this opening part.
  • the operating part slides for this purpose along the slot and the second opening part and allows a wire to be pushed therein. from a first position allowing appropriate placement of the wire in front of the stripped mouth of the slot before insertion, to a second position where the wire is held by jamming of its core and its sheath.
  • the auxiliary part can be operated from the outside of the housing thanks to an opening which allows it to be pushed in by pressure by means of a tool rod, such as a screwdriver, it must rise elastically to the insertion position after have been pushed in to ensure an insert wire connection.
  • a tool rod such as a screwdriver
  • connection method employed implies that the arrangement is at least laid and preferably fixed on a support capable of withstanding the connection pressure, such an arrangement is therefore well suited when it is provided as part of a terminal block fixed to a rigid support.
  • connection module for example intended to be housed in a container inside of which it is not fixed, for example for economic reasons. It is therefore important to be able to connect wires and possibly disconnect them, with the most common tools, for example of the screwdriver and / or universal pliers type, without requiring the presence of a fixed support.
  • connection module comprising an insulating housing in which is immobilized a conductive connecting piece with stripping and retaining slot provided with a stripping mouth for at least one conductive core of electric wire.
  • the housing has a wire opening, a first part of which allows penetration of a wire to be connected in the insertion position relative to the stripped mouth of the slot, before the core of this wire is inserted transversely into the slot, and a second part of which allows sheath retention by wedging for any suitable wire whose core is retained by jamming in the slot where it was pushed.
  • the module also includes an auxiliary part provided with a thread pusher element sliding in the housing along the slot and / or the opening between a first position for which it is possible to insert a thread between pusher element and mouthpiece. stripping of the slot, and a second position of the pusher element for which a core of wire pushed into the slot and the corresponding sheath of wire pushed into the opening are held there by wedging.
  • connection module comprises an auxiliary part which is provided with an operating element protruding from the housing, which is held in at least the second of the positions by cooperation between holding means which it door and complementary means for holding the housing, and which comprises external operating means arranged on the operating element to act on at least some of the holding means, in order to release said auxiliary part when it is in the second position d immobilization to allow it to be brought back to first position.
  • Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective of an example of a connection module according to the invention, in association with a portion of wire to be connected.
  • FIG. 2 shows a median cross-section of the connection module according to FIG. 1, with an auxiliary operating part in a first position.
  • Figures 3 and 4 respectively show sections along III-III and according to IV-IV of the connection module according to Figure 1.
  • FIG. 5 shows a median cross-section of the connection module according to FIG. 1, with an auxiliary operating part in a second position.
  • the electrical connection module of the contact type with stripping and wire retention slot which is presented in FIG. 1 comprises an insulating housing 1 in which is immobilized at least one conductive connection part 2, with wire retention slot provided with a stripped mouth, which is shown in dotted lines inside the housing in FIG. 1 and in more detail in FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • connection piece 1 is for example made in a manner corresponding to that described in particular in document FR-A-2611406, already mentioned above. It comprises a slot 3 for retaining the core of wire with stripped mouth for suitable electrical wires, that is to say having physical and in particular dimensional characteristics contained in a given range, generally quite limited, for a part model. given, as known.
  • the connecting piece 2 proposed here comprises a stripping slot 3, essentially rectilinear, formed along a profiled part obtained by cutting and folding from a metal strip.
  • the profiled part of the connection piece 2 here has a hollow cross section, approximately in a U, the ends of which have been obliquely and also folded back towards each other so that two folds 4 are formed which border the slot 3, as seen in Figure 4.
  • This slot has a stripped mouth responsible for cutting the sheath of the wires introduced into the slot through it, such as the sheath 6 of the cable C1 in Figure 1.
  • This mouth is for example obtained by oblique cutting parts intended to form the folds 4, it is assumed at the upper part of the part as seen in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5.
  • the housing 1 which is shown here equipped with a single connection part 2 is capable of being designed to receive several of these parts, for example in pairs, the connection parts being interconnected or not between them as needed.
  • Dispositions advantageous can in particular be obtained by arranging two connection pieces so that their respective retaining slots are located on either side of the assembly formed by these two pieces, or even by arranging two connection pieces side by side with their retaining slots on the same side of the assembly that they form.
  • the mouths of these slots may be arranged opposite one another if the two parts are mounted head to tail, or one next to the other if they are mounted side by side. side.
  • two preferably identical housings are capable of being associated mechanically and / or electrically, according to a large number of variants both for these housings and for the connection parts housed therein.
  • it is a case supposed to contain a single piece which will be more particularly described here, therefore knowing that it is within the reach of the skilled person to deduce without difficulty a certain number variants.
  • the housing 1 can be produced by various methods and in particular by assembling and possibly welding of elements which are for example produced by molding an insulating material, these elements forming and / or comprising cavities and forms of housing and / or immobilization of connection piece (s).
  • the housing is assumed to be closed at its lower part by a bottom element 5, molded with the rest of the otherwise one-piece housing and for example folded down and secured after insertion and positioning of the connecting piece 2.
  • the housing has an opening extending in particular opposite the retaining slot 3 of the connection piece 2, as seen in FIG. 1.
  • This opening comprises a first part 7 allowing the penetration of a suitable wire to be connected into the housing in position insertion relative to the stripped mouth of the retaining slot 3, such as one of the wires C1 or C2 shown in dotted lines in FIG. 5.
  • the opening extends beyond the part 7, here of circular appearance, by a second part 8, here with parallel edges, extending along the slot 3 in order to allow a retention of a wire. , as C1 by its sheath 6, when the core 6 ′ of this wire has been pushed into the slot 3 beyond the stripped mouth of this slot.
  • connection module also includes an auxiliary part 9 which includes a wire pusher element 10 sliding in the housing along the slot and / or the opening between two positions. For a first of these two positions which is presented in FIGS. 2 and 3, it is possible to introduce a wire into the housing 1 between the sliding pusher element 10 and the stripping mouth of the slot 3 before stripping the sheath of this wire through this mouth and insertion of the wire into the slot transverse to it, as indicated for one or the other of the wires C1 or C2 in FIG. 5.
  • the sinking of the pusher element 10 by sliding drives in the slot the core of the wire previously inserted between this pusher element and the stripped mouth of this slot, it also causes the sheath of this wire in the second opening part 8 of the housing and this up to a second position which corresponds to a push-in limit of the pusher element.
  • the pusher element 10 is subjected to a strong pressure tending to push it into the housing by driving the cut through the stripped mouth of the sheath of the wire to be connected and subsequently the simultaneous insertion of this sheath in the second opening part 8 against the two edges of which it rubs and of the core of the wire in the slot against the edges of which this core rubs also.
  • the pusher element 10 of the auxiliary part 9 is extended by an operating element 11 which is provided projecting out of the housing regardless of the position taken by the pusher element when it slides in the housing, so to allow this pusher element to be moved from outside this casing, whatever position it has reached by sliding both in one direction and in the other.
  • the pusher element 10 is shaped at the end to correctly position a wire to be connected against which it is applied by sliding in order to drive it.
  • the pusher element comprises two parts 12 and 13 making it possible to push the wire, along and on either side of the slot, the part 12 being inserted between the slot and the housing opposite the opening.
  • the pushing end of the element 10 and therefore here of each part 12, 13 is shaped to allow guiding and centering of the wire to be connected with respect to the slit mouth and the second part of opening where this wire will penetrate when it is inserted.
  • This end is for example of at least approximately hollow semi-cylindrical shape, as seen in FIG. 3.
  • auxiliary part 9 Insofar as the effort required to connect a wire is high, provision is made to be able to press at the projecting end of the operating element 11 of an auxiliary part by means of a jaw tightening tool mobile moving more or less parallel to each other, for example using a clamp called universal.
  • the auxiliary part 9 then slides in the housing due to the pinching forces created by the support of the two tool jaws when clamping, one on the end, projecting out of the housing 1, the operating element 11, the other on the bottom of this housing and opposite to this element 11.
  • the bottom of the housing and the projecting end of the operating element are arranged to facilitate the grip of the tool jaws on themselves, by arrangements known to those skilled in the art, for example by external grooving of the bottom, as in particular shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the auxiliary part is kept pressed, in its second position, when the connection of the wires to the connection module has been made.
  • Means are therefore provided for holding the auxiliary part 9 in position when the pusher element 10 which it comprises has slid to its second position which constitutes its limit of insertion into the housing. This position is fixed, as is known, so that is retained by the slot 3 and by the second opening portion 8 any suitable wire whose core has been pushed into this slot and whose sheath has been simultaneously pushed into this part by the pusher element 10.
  • the means for maintaining the position of the auxiliary part 9 are carried by the latter, for example by the pusher element 10 and they cooperate with complementary means of maintenance carried by the housing.
  • These means are for example constituted by lugs 14 arranged on either side of the part 12 of the pusher element 10 in a zone of this element which is in the housing 1, when the latter has slid into its second position for which it is pushed as far as possible into the housing. They retract for example elastically when the auxiliary part is pushed in and come to be fixed in housings 15, for example holes, which are provided for them in the housing and which prevent any withdrawal of the auxiliary part 9 and particularly of its pusher element 10, as long as the cooperation between these complementary holding means 14 and 15 is not voluntarily eliminated.
  • This therefore allows the pusher element 10 to contribute to the retention of the wire or wires which it has pushed into the slot 3 and into the first opening part 8.
  • the auxiliary part 9 is likely to include holding means of the same kind allowing it to be kept in the first position where it allows the penetration of a wire to be connected.
  • the lugs 14 which constitute the holding means comprised by the auxiliary part 9, can be moved from outside the connection module so as to be able to be separated from the complementary holding means carried by the housing and at allow the pushing element 10 to be withdrawn by sliding.
  • the auxiliary part comprises operating means which are preferably constituted by parts 16 of the operating element 11, here two in number; these parts 16 carry the lugs 14, they are arranged to be elastically deformable under the action of forces exerted from the outside on the operating element and to allow the lugs 14 to come out of the housings 15, when these lugs are there find.
  • the two parts 16 of an auxiliary part are formed by partial division of the operating element 11 which comprises them. This division creates a median interval which opens at the end of this maneuvering element projecting from the housing and which allows these two parts to be brought together by a pinching carried out at their respective projecting ends, due to their relative elasticity. .
  • each extension 18 is resiliently biased towards the part 16 which carries it, which makes it possible to maintain the auxiliary part in its first position for which it allows the introduction of a wire into the housing, the end each extension then abuts on the housing near an orifice 19 of the housing - see Figure 1 -, through which passes the auxiliary part.
  • the pinching of the operating element at the respective projecting ends of the parts 16 then ensures a spacing of the extensions which allows their passage along the housing outside of the latter.
  • the holding means which allow the pusher element 10 to be retained pressed into the housing in the second position are formed internally at the respective ends of the extensions 18 in the areas of these extensions which slide on the outside of the housing.
  • the latter then comprises external complementary housings, for example in the form of holes which are complementary to those carried by the extensions 18. These housings are arranged so as to securing the auxiliary part with its pusher element pressed into the housing in second position and they allow dissociation of the complementary holding means coupled when a pinching is carried out at the operating element in a manner similar to that indicated above.
  • connection of a wire in a connection module as described above is carried out by introduction into the housing of a wire end, such C1, not stripped of its sheath, via the first opening part 7 , until the wire stops at the bottom of the housing 1.
  • the housing includes a light 20, possibly concealable allowing the penetration of the wire to be checked relative to the stripped mouth of the slot 3, the wire from further abutting against a wall 21 of the housing which overhangs the bottom wall 22 of the connection piece 2.
  • the insertion of the auxiliary part into the housing, after introduction of the wire is carried out using a clamping tool, such as for example a universal pliers as indicated above, possibly after the auxiliary part has been released upon insertion.
  • This release can be obtained by pinching, in the case of the variant mentioned above; it can optionally be obtained by applying a sufficiently high insertion pressure, if the auxiliary part comprises means for holding in the first position which are, for example, of the retractable protuberance type under high lateral pressure as usual in this field.
  • This or these protrusions are for example formed on the auxiliary part so as to be flush with the orifice 19, outside the housing, when the pusher element is in its first position.
  • Pinching carried out at the parts 16 of the operating element also makes it possible to reassemble the auxiliary part in the first position to extract the wire or wires connected, for example under the pressure of a tool blade, such as a blade of screwdriver inserted into the slot 3 against the wire introduced first and through the second opening part 8, so as to bring it up towards the stripped mouth of this slot and to be able to extract it via the first part of opening 7 of the housing.
  • a tool blade such as a blade of screwdriver inserted into the slot 3 against the wire introduced first and through the second opening part 8

Landscapes

  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)
  • Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
  • Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
EP95401551A 1994-07-04 1995-06-28 Elektrisches Verbindungsmodul mit Verbindungsteil als Kabelklemme mit abisolierendem Schlitz Expired - Lifetime EP0691706B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9408210 1994-07-04
FR9408210A FR2722033B1 (fr) 1994-07-04 1994-07-04 Module de raccordement electrique a piece de connexion du type a fente de retenue de fil dotee d'une embouchure denudante

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0691706A1 true EP0691706A1 (de) 1996-01-10
EP0691706B1 EP0691706B1 (de) 1998-05-20

Family

ID=9464950

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95401551A Expired - Lifetime EP0691706B1 (de) 1994-07-04 1995-06-28 Elektrisches Verbindungsmodul mit Verbindungsteil als Kabelklemme mit abisolierendem Schlitz

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5622517A (de)
EP (1) EP0691706B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69502547T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2119331T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2722033B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2743944A1 (fr) * 1996-01-19 1997-07-25 Entrelec Sa Module de raccordement electrique
DE19627209C1 (de) * 1996-07-05 1997-10-23 Siemens Ag Anschlußvorrichtung für nichtabisolierte Leiter
US6527580B1 (en) 1999-05-14 2003-03-04 Wieland Electric Gmbh Screwless terminal

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5752851A (en) * 1996-02-05 1998-05-19 Ford Motor Company Circuit clip connector
US5986894A (en) * 1997-09-29 1999-11-16 Pulse Engineering, Inc. Microelectronic component carrier and method of its manufacture
DE29802674U1 (de) * 1998-02-17 1998-04-16 Weidmueller Interface Reihenklemme mit isolationsdurchdringendem Leiteranschluß
DE19816247C2 (de) * 1998-04-11 2000-11-30 Nicolay Verwaltungs Gmbh Elektrische Anschlußvorrichtung, insbesondere zur Verwendung in der Medizintechnik
US5984712A (en) * 1998-06-23 1999-11-16 Lucent Technologies Inc. Base mounted strain relief for insulation displacement connector
DE19909825C5 (de) * 1999-03-05 2006-01-26 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Hülsenförmiges Klemmelement zum abisolierfreien Anschluß elektrischer Leiter
DE19921960C1 (de) * 1999-05-14 2001-05-17 Wieland Electric Gmbh Schraubenlose Anschlußklemme
US6625849B1 (en) * 2000-10-31 2003-09-30 Marconi Communications, Inc. Cable strain relief
CN100385747C (zh) * 2004-04-28 2008-04-30 威德米勒界面有限公司及两合公司 带有操纵装置的连接装置
DE202004013363U1 (de) * 2004-04-28 2005-09-08 Weidmüller Interface GmbH & Co. KG Anschlußvorrichtung mit Betätigungsvorrichtung
ITMI20060373A1 (it) * 2006-03-02 2007-09-03 Ilme Spa Connettore elettrico multipolare con contatti a molla
US9184515B1 (en) * 2012-09-28 2015-11-10 Anthony Freakes Terminal blocks for printed circuit boards
CN106329174B (zh) * 2015-06-18 2024-05-10 连展科技电子（昆山）有限公司 壁挂架组件及其夹线型连接器
DE102018109489A1 (de) * 2018-04-20 2019-10-24 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Automatisierungsfähige Anschlussklemme und Verfahren zum Kontaktieren eines Leiters
EP4071934A1 (de) * 2021-04-08 2022-10-12 Tyco Electronics France SAS Klemmenblock für die aufnahme von nicht-geklebten kabelenden konfiguriert

Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2014819A1 (de) * 1970-03-26 1971-10-14 Siemens Ag Klemmelement
GB2005487A (en) * 1977-09-21 1979-04-19 Alsthom Cgee Rapidconnection terminal
DE2747395B1 (de) * 1977-10-21 1979-04-26 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zum loetfreien Anschluss eines drahtfoermigen Leiters
GB2084813A (en) * 1980-09-11 1982-04-15 Wago Verwaltungs Gmbh Connection terminal for electrical conductors
US4435034A (en) * 1981-10-08 1984-03-06 Northern Telecom Limited Connectors with insulation-displacing terminals
EP0270480A2 (de) * 1986-12-03 1988-06-08 KRONE Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Anschliessen von Kabeladern an Schneidklemmkontakten von Dropwire-Anschlussleisten der Fernmeldetechnik
FR2611406A1 (fr) 1987-02-26 1988-09-02 Alsthom Cgee Agencement de connexion pour appareillage electrique
FR2642570A1 (fr) * 1989-01-30 1990-08-03 Gegelec Agencement de raccordement pour extremite de cable coaxial et bloc de jonction dote d'un tel agencement

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4613197A (en) * 1985-06-24 1986-09-23 Eagle Electric Mfg. Co., Inc. Rapid assembly electrical plug
US5240432A (en) * 1992-08-26 1993-08-31 At&T Bell Laboratories Insulation displacement connectors
JPH0629006U (ja) * 1992-09-14 1994-04-15 矢崎総業株式会社 圧接コネクタ

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2014819A1 (de) * 1970-03-26 1971-10-14 Siemens Ag Klemmelement
GB2005487A (en) * 1977-09-21 1979-04-19 Alsthom Cgee Rapidconnection terminal
DE2747395B1 (de) * 1977-10-21 1979-04-26 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zum loetfreien Anschluss eines drahtfoermigen Leiters
GB2084813A (en) * 1980-09-11 1982-04-15 Wago Verwaltungs Gmbh Connection terminal for electrical conductors
US4435034A (en) * 1981-10-08 1984-03-06 Northern Telecom Limited Connectors with insulation-displacing terminals
EP0270480A2 (de) * 1986-12-03 1988-06-08 KRONE Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Anschliessen von Kabeladern an Schneidklemmkontakten von Dropwire-Anschlussleisten der Fernmeldetechnik
FR2611406A1 (fr) 1987-02-26 1988-09-02 Alsthom Cgee Agencement de connexion pour appareillage electrique
FR2642570A1 (fr) * 1989-01-30 1990-08-03 Gegelec Agencement de raccordement pour extremite de cable coaxial et bloc de jonction dote d'un tel agencement

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2743944A1 (fr) * 1996-01-19 1997-07-25 Entrelec Sa Module de raccordement electrique
DE19627209C1 (de) * 1996-07-05 1997-10-23 Siemens Ag Anschlußvorrichtung für nichtabisolierte Leiter
US6527580B1 (en) 1999-05-14 2003-03-04 Wieland Electric Gmbh Screwless terminal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0691706B1 (de) 1998-05-20
DE69502547D1 (de) 1998-06-25
FR2722033A1 (fr) 1996-01-05
DE69502547T2 (de) 1998-11-26
US5622517A (en) 1997-04-22
FR2722033B1 (fr) 1996-08-02
ES2119331T3 (es) 1998-10-01

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