EP0691667A1 - Relay - Google Patents

Relay Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0691667A1
EP0691667A1 EP95890112A EP95890112A EP0691667A1 EP 0691667 A1 EP0691667 A1 EP 0691667A1 EP 95890112 A EP95890112 A EP 95890112A EP 95890112 A EP95890112 A EP 95890112A EP 0691667 A1 EP0691667 A1 EP 0691667A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
contact spring
spring
relay according
pill
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95890112A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0691667B1 (en
Inventor
Leopold Mader
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tyco Electronics Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
EH Schrack Components AG
Schrack Components AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EH Schrack Components AG, Schrack Components AG filed Critical EH Schrack Components AG
Publication of EP0691667A1 publication Critical patent/EP0691667A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0691667B1 publication Critical patent/EP0691667B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/56—Contact spring sets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/64—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact
    • H01H50/641—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact intermediate part performing a rectilinear movement
    • H01H50/642—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact intermediate part performing a rectilinear movement intermediate part being generally a slide plate, e.g. a card
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/24—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with resilient mounting
    • H01H1/26—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with resilient mounting with spring blade support

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a relay with a magnet system having an armature and a contact system which comprises a contact spring which is equipped with at least one contact pill and to which an actuating force can be applied via a coupling member by the armature.
  • Relays of this type usually have contact springs, which are set in motion when the armature is tightened only after a different preload, depending on the type of relay, has been overcome.
  • contact springs which are set in motion when the armature is tightened only after a different preload, depending on the type of relay, has been overcome.
  • This requires contact springs with a soft spring characteristic, which can be achieved by a relatively long length of the contact springs.
  • all efforts of this type pose major manufacturing problems.
  • some of these solutions cause an unequal loading of the armature, so that this has a bad influence on the switching characteristics of the relays.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages described and to create a relay of the type mentioned which, with a small overall height and the greatest possible overstroke with optimal use of the power reserve offered by the magnet system, enables the highest possible contact forces to be achieved. In this way, an asymmetrical loading of the magnet system should be avoided and the power transmission from the coupling member to the contact system should be chosen as freely as possible.
  • Another object of the invention is that a safe switching operation of the contacts can be achieved when the contact spring is actuated.
  • Another object is to create a relay in which the transmission of the forces from the magnet system, in particular from the armature, to the contact spring does not have an effect which affects the switching frequency or the service life of the relay.
  • the power transmission can be determined by the arrangement and size of the areas. Due to the different design of the contact spring, increased switching reliability of the contacts is achieved, and the mechanical system can be prevented from showing signs of wear and tear if the contacts are actuated due to the symmetrical loading of the magnet system.
  • the contact spring is formed with at least one opening surrounding the contact pill in regions.
  • Another variant of the invention can consist in that the contact spring is formed with at least one cut-open cut surrounding the contact pill in regions.
  • an approximately rectangular opening is provided in the area of the clamping end of the contact spring.
  • the resulting transverse web of the contact spring enables an improved, overall curvature of the contact spring about its longitudinal axis when the spring contacts. This results in a pronounced rolling movement of the contact pill when contact is made, so that the switching behavior can be positively influenced, since there can be no impairment due to corrosion or scaling of the contacts.
  • the opening begins in the area above the contact pill and ends in the area below the contact pill.
  • the open-edge incision begins at the upper edge of the contact spring and on the side of the contact pill and ends in the area below the contact pill.
  • the open cut has an extension at its end located in the contact spring.
  • This measure allows the translation of the acting force of the coupling member to be changed and asymmetries in the distribution of the forces acting on the magnet system can be further compensated.
  • the widening of the open-cut incision is asymmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the contact spring.
  • the engagement points of the coupling member are formed by cut-out incisions in the contact spring, from which tabs are bent like a trumpet.
  • a further development of the invention may be that the contact spring in the base body is separated from the fixed contact carriers by walls with the formation of chambers which are open at the top.
  • the contact spring is clamped in the base body via two webs formed on the sides thereof at the foot end.
  • one embodiment of the invention can consist in that the contact spring is clamped in the base body via a central web molded onto it at the foot-side end.
  • This form of clamping also supports a curvature of the contact spring.
  • the center of the contact pill is offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the contact spring.
  • the contact spring 1 shows a relay according to the invention consisting of a magnet system 5 with an armature 3 and a contact system 4 with a contact spring 1 and fixed contact carriers 10 and 11.
  • the contact spring 1 can be moved by the armature 3 via a coupling member 2, with a contact pill 6 the contact spring 1 is provided, which is in conductive connection with the dropped arm 3 with the contact pill 12 of the contact carrier 11, while it is brought into contact with the armature 3 with the contact pill 9 of the contact carrier 10 when the armature 3 is tightened.
  • the contact spring 1 can also have a plurality of contact pills.
  • the coupling member 2 is designed in the form of a flat comb, on the two arms of which a nose 7 is provided, which engage at the upper end of the movable contact spring 1 on both sides in openings 14 of the contact spring 1.
  • the contact carriers 10 and 11 and the contact spring 1 are held in a base body 8 made of an insulating material and penetrate this with connections 13, the magnet system 5, which comprises a yoke and a coil, also being held in this base body 8.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a contact spring 1 according to the invention, areas A, B of the contact spring 1 between engagement points 14 of the coupling member 2 and the contact pill 6 each being equipped differently; for example, area A can be hardened and area B can be left as a soft spring material. This can be achieved, for example, by a treatment which is limited only to the boundaries of the area A and / or the area B of the contact spring 1, for example by using a laser.
  • the shape of the areas must be adapted to the circumstances and requirements. The degree of hardness can be adjusted as required.
  • the contact spring 1 is formed with an opening 16 surrounding the contact pill 6 in regions.
  • the opening 16 begins in the area above the contact pill 6 and ends in the area below the contact pill 6. This results in an area A between an engagement point 14 of the coupling element 2 and the contact pill 6, which has a relatively hard spring characteristic, since this area has a Attack point 14 and the contact pill 6 connects in a short way.
  • This relatively hard spring property corresponds to a conventional overstroke when the contact spring 1 is actuated.
  • the other region B drawn in provides a long-term connection between the other point of attack 14 and the contact pill 6 and thus has the property of a soft spring.
  • regions of the contact spring 1 bulge correspondingly transversely to the contact spring longitudinal axis shown in dash-dot lines. This bulging is carried out in the opposite manner when tightening and falling.
  • the resulting increased overstroke or force build-up takes place by twisting the spring transversely to the contact spring longitudinal axis.
  • the rolling achieved is quite advantageous for contacting, since contamination of the contact pills by corrosion or scaling is kept to a minimum. The rolling motion also prevents welding of the contact pills at high currents to be switched.
  • FIG. 4 shows a contact spring 1 as in FIG. 2, however, with an additional approximately rectangular opening 17 arranged in the region of the clamping end. This opening 17 increases the effect of the curvature and the contact pill 6 can be actuated when the contact spring 1 is actuated roll better.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a contact spring 1 according to the invention, but the part formed in FIGS. 3 and 4 above the contact pill 6 is omitted.
  • a cut 16 ′ which is open at the edge is thus formed and defines an area B with a soft spring property and an area A with a hard spring property.
  • This open-edge incision 16 'begins at the upper edge of the contact spring 1 and to the side of the contact pill 6 and ends below the contact pill 6.
  • This embodiment is characterized by its very low overall height, since the space for the upper one shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 Area is saved.
  • a central clamping area is provided at the lower end, relative to which the contact spring 1 is moved at the points of attack 14.
  • two narrow webs are arranged on the contact spring in the foot-side region of the contact spring 1, which are used to clamp it in the base body of the relay.
  • the open cut 16 ' is again as shown in Fig. 5. This clamping supports the curvature and thus the advantageous rolling movement of the area carrying the contact pill 6.
  • FIG. 7 A further variant of the invention is shown in FIG. 7, wherein the clamping takes place via a central web of the contact spring 1 arranged at the foot end of the contact spring 1.
  • FIG. 8 A further variant of this is shown in FIG. 8, again the upper area of the contact spring 1 not being implemented, so that a low overall height can be achieved.
  • the points of engagement 14 of the coupling member 2 are formed by cut incisions 24, from which tabs 20 are bent out like a trumpet.
  • the lugs 7 of the coupling member 2 engage in the bent-out tabs 20. This results in a particularly abrasion-free connection of the arms of the coupling member 2 to the contact spring 1 and a defined guidance thereof.
  • the notch 16 ' which is open at the edge is guided up to the longitudinal axis of the contact spring and is provided with an extension 31 there at its end.
  • the center of the contact pill 6 is offset from the longitudinal axis of the contact spring, which results in an improved rolling movement when the contact spring is actuated by the coupling member 2.
  • the variant from FIG. 11 has, on the one hand, an extension 31 of the cut 16 ′ which is open at the edge and which is asymmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the contact spring.
  • This course of the end region of the incision 16 ' is intended to compensate for the asymmetrical distribution of the forces acting within the contact springs, so that the magnet system is not loaded unevenly.
  • Fig. 12 shows the type of arrangement of the contact spring 1 in the relay according to the invention, wherein the contact spring 1 and the contact carrier 10, 11 are mutually separated by walls 23 from upwardly open chambers 22, whereby increased leakage current paths can be achieved.
  • the areas A and B are matched to one another in their design such that when the spring is actuated, i.e. upon contacting the magnet system, in particular the armature, is loaded essentially symmetrically.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)

Abstract

The relay has a magnet system (5) having an armature (3) and a contact system (4) which includes a contact spring (1). The contact spring is fitted with a contact pill (6). An operating force is applied to the contact spring over a coupling element (2) by the armature. The region of the contact spring between the points of application of the coupling element and the contact pill are differently shaped, whereby the operation of the spring of the magnet system, especially of the armature, is essentially symmetrically loaded. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Relais mit einem einen Anker aufweisenden Magnetsystem und einem Kontaktsystem, das eine Kontaktfeder umfaßt, die mit mindestens einer Kontaktpille bestückt ist und auf welche über ein Koppelglied durch den Anker eine Betätigungskraft aufbringbar ist.The invention relates to a relay with a magnet system having an armature and a contact system which comprises a contact spring which is equipped with at least one contact pill and to which an actuating force can be applied via a coupling member by the armature.

Relais dieser Art weisen üblicherweise Kontaktfedern auf, die bei Anziehen des Ankers erst nach Überwinden einer je nach Bauart des Relais unterschiedlichen Vorspannung in Bewegung gesetzt werden. Um eine geringe Ansteuerenergie und eine vereinfachte Herstellung zu erreichen, ist es von Vorteil einen möglichst großen Überhub im Relais vorzusehen. Dies erfordert Kontaktfedern mit einer weichen Federcharakteristik, die sich durch relativ große Längenausdehnung der Kontaktfedern erzielen läßt. Daraus ergibt sich aber eine große Bauhöhe der Relais, was einer Miniaturisierung nicht förderlich ist. Daher gibt es große Anstrengungen, einen möglichst großen Überhub der Kontaktfeder, etwa durch eine aus der Kontaktebene herausgebogene Form zu erreichen. Alle Bemühungen dieser Art bringen aber große fertigungstechnische Probleme mit sich. Weiters rufen manche dieser Lösungen eine ungleiche Belastung des Ankers hervor, sodaß daraus ein schlechter Einfluß auf die Schaltcharakteristik der Relais resultiert.Relays of this type usually have contact springs, which are set in motion when the armature is tightened only after a different preload, depending on the type of relay, has been overcome. In order to achieve low control energy and simplified production, it is advantageous to provide the largest possible overstroke in the relay. This requires contact springs with a soft spring characteristic, which can be achieved by a relatively long length of the contact springs. This results in a large overall height of the relays, which is not conducive to miniaturization. Therefore, there are great efforts to achieve the largest possible overstroke of the contact spring, for example by a shape bent out of the contact plane. However, all efforts of this type pose major manufacturing problems. Furthermore, some of these solutions cause an unequal loading of the armature, so that this has a bad influence on the switching characteristics of the relays.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, die beschriebenen Nachteile zu vermeiden und ein Relais der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welches bei geringer Bauhöhe mit möglichst großem Überhub unter optimaler Ausnützung der vom Magnetsystem angebotenen Kraftreserve die Erzielung möglichst hoher Arbeitskontaktkräfte erlaubt. Hiebei soll eine unsymmetrische Belastung des Magnetsystems vermieden werden und ein möglichst freies Wählen der Kraftübersetzung vom Koppelglied auf das Kontaktsystem möglich sein.The object of the invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages described and to create a relay of the type mentioned which, with a small overall height and the greatest possible overstroke with optimal use of the power reserve offered by the magnet system, enables the highest possible contact forces to be achieved. In this way, an asymmetrical loading of the magnet system should be avoided and the power transmission from the coupling member to the contact system should be chosen as freely as possible.

Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, daß bei Betätigung der Kontaktfeder ein sicherer Schaltvorgang der Kontakte erreicht werden kann.Another object of the invention is that a safe switching operation of the contacts can be achieved when the contact spring is actuated.

Weitere Aufgabe ist es, ein Relais zu schaffen, bei dem die Übertragung der Kräfte vom Magnetsystem, insbesondere vom Anker, auf die Kontaktfeder keine die Schalthäufigkeit bzw. die Lebensdauer des Relais beeinträchtigende Wirkung ausübt.Another object is to create a relay in which the transmission of the forces from the magnet system, in particular from the armature, to the contact spring does not have an effect which affects the switching frequency or the service life of the relay.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß Bereiche der Kontaktfeder zwischen den Angriffspunkten des Koppelglieds und der Kontaktpille jeweils unterschiedlich gestaltet sind, wobei bei Betätigung der Feder das Magnetsystem, insbesondere der Anker, im wesentlichen symmetrisch belastet ist.This is achieved according to the invention in that areas of the contact spring between the points of engagement of the coupling member and the contact pill are each designed differently, the magnet system, in particular the armature, being loaded symmetrically when the spring is actuated.

Durch die Bereiche mit unterschiedlicher, etwa weicher und harter Federcharakteristik ist es möglich, bei Einhaltung einer kleinen Bauhöhe eine Vergrößerung des Überhubes zu erreichen, ohne daß besondere Änderungen beim Zusammenbau der Relais notwendig sind und ohne daß dadurch die Kontaktgabe negativ beeinflußt wird. Weiters kann durch die Anordnung und Größe der Bereiche die Kraftübersetzung festgelegt werden. Durch die unterschiedliche Gestaltung der Kontaktfeder wird eine erhöhte Schaltsicherheit der Kontakte erreicht, wobei aufgrund der symmetrischen Belastung des Magnetsystems Abnützungserscheinungen der Mechanik bei oftmaligem Betätigen der Kontakte vermieden werden können.Due to the areas with different, such as soft and hard spring characteristics, it is possible to achieve an increase in the overstroke while maintaining a small overall height, without special changes in the assembly of the relays being necessary and without the contact making being adversely affected thereby. Furthermore, the power transmission can be determined by the arrangement and size of the areas. Due to the different design of the contact spring, increased switching reliability of the contacts is achieved, and the mechanical system can be prevented from showing signs of wear and tear if the contacts are actuated due to the symmetrical loading of the magnet system.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Kontaktfeder mit wenigstens einer die Kontaktpille bereichsweise umgebenden Durchbrechung ausgebildet ist.In a further development of the invention it can be provided that the contact spring is formed with at least one opening surrounding the contact pill in regions.

Durch diese Maßnahme können Bereiche mit unterschiedlicher Federeigenschaft auf einfache Weise realisiert werden.With this measure, areas with different spring properties can be realized in a simple manner.

Eine andere Variante der Erfindung kann darin bestehen, daß die Kontaktfeder mit wenigstens einem die Kontaktpille bereichsweise umgebenden randoffenen Einschnitt ausgebildet ist.Another variant of the invention can consist in that the contact spring is formed with at least one cut-open cut surrounding the contact pill in regions.

Dadurch können Kontaktfedern mit unterschiedlichen Federeigenschaften bei einer noch kleineren Bauhöhe erzielt werden.This allows contact springs with different spring properties to be achieved with an even smaller overall height.

Weiters kann vorgesehen sein, daß im Bereich des Einspann-Endes der Kontaktfeder ein annähernd rechteckförmiger Durchbruch vorgesehen ist.Furthermore, it can be provided that an approximately rectangular opening is provided in the area of the clamping end of the contact spring.

Der hierdurch entstehende Quersteg der Kontaktfeder ermöglicht bei Kontaktgabe der Feder eine verbesserte, insgesamte Wölbung derselben um ihre Längsachse. Es kommt hiedurch bei der Kontaktgabe zu einer ausgeprägten Abrollbewegung der Kontaktpille, sodaß sich das Schaltverhalten positiv beeinflussen läßt, da es zu keiner Beeinträchtigung durch Korrosion oder Verzunderung der Kontakte kommen kann.The resulting transverse web of the contact spring enables an improved, overall curvature of the contact spring about its longitudinal axis when the spring contacts. This results in a pronounced rolling movement of the contact pill when contact is made, so that the switching behavior can be positively influenced, since there can be no impairment due to corrosion or scaling of the contacts.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, daß die Durchbrechung im Bereich oberhalb der Kontaktpille beginnt und im Bereich unterhalb der Kontaktpille endet.In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the opening begins in the area above the contact pill and ends in the area below the contact pill.

Dadurch ergibt sich eine besonders vorteilhafte Verteilung der unterschiedlich gestalteten Bereiche, sodaß der Überhub der Anordnung maximiert wird.This results in a particularly advantageous distribution of the differently designed areas, so that the overstroke of the arrangement is maximized.

Weiters kann vorgesehen sein, daß der randoffene Einschnitt am oberen Rand der Kontaktfeder und seitlich der Kontaktpille beginnt und im Bereich unterhalb der Kontaktpille endet.Furthermore, it can be provided that the open-edge incision begins at the upper edge of the contact spring and on the side of the contact pill and ends in the area below the contact pill.

Auch hier stellt sich eine sehr vorteilhafte Untergliederung der Kontaktfeder ein, sodaß der Überhub vergrößert wird.Here too there is a very advantageous subdivision of the contact spring, so that the overstroke is increased.

In diesem Zusammenhang kann weiters vorgesehen sein, daß der randoffene Einschnitt an seinem in der Kontaktfeder gelegenen Ende eine Erweiterung aufweist.In this context, it can further be provided that the open cut has an extension at its end located in the contact spring.

Durch diese Maßnahme kann die Übersetzung der wirkenden Kraft des Koppelglieds verändert und Asymmetrien in der Verteilung der auf das Magnetsystem wirkenden Kräfte weiter ausgeglichen werden.This measure allows the translation of the acting force of the coupling member to be changed and asymmetries in the distribution of the forces acting on the magnet system can be further compensated.

Weiters kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Erweiterung des randoffenen Einschnittes asymmetrisch gegenüber der Kontaktfeder-Längsachse ausgebildet ist.It can also be provided that the widening of the open-cut incision is asymmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the contact spring.

Hiedurch kann eine weitere Verbesserung der Belastungssymmetrie des Magnetsystems erreicht werden.This can further improve the load symmetry of the magnet system.

Gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Angriffspunkte des Koppelglieds durch freigeschnittene Einschnitte in der Kontaktfeder gebildet sind, von welchen Lappen trompetenartig ausgebogen sind.According to another embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the engagement points of the coupling member are formed by cut-out incisions in the contact spring, from which tabs are bent like a trumpet.

Durch diese Ausbildung der Angriffspunkte gelingt es, eine Verbesserung der Führung des Koppelgliedes zu erreichen, da es verglichen mit einfachen Durchbrüchen zu keinem Abrieb durch die scharfen Kanten kommen kann, welcher die Kontakte verschmutzt und den Kontaktwiderstand erhöht.This design of the points of attack makes it possible to improve the guidance of the coupling member, since compared to simple breakthroughs there can be no abrasion due to the sharp edges, which contaminates the contacts and increases the contact resistance.

Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann sein, daß die Kontaktfeder im Grundkörper durch Wände unter Ausbildung von nach oben offenen Kammern von den Fest-Kontaktträgern getrennt ist.A further development of the invention may be that the contact spring in the base body is separated from the fixed contact carriers by walls with the formation of chambers which are open at the top.

Dadurch werden die Kriechstromwege verlängert und dadurch Kriechströme unterbunden.This extends the leakage current paths and thus prevents leakage currents.

Weiters kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Kontaktfeder im Grundkörper über zwei an deren Seiten angeformte Stege am fußseitigen Ende eingespannt ist.Furthermore, it can be provided that the contact spring is clamped in the base body via two webs formed on the sides thereof at the foot end.

Auch dadurch entsteht ein die Wölbung der Kontaktfeder unterstützender Quersteg am fußseitigen Ende der Kontaktfeder.This also creates a crosspiece supporting the curvature of the contact spring at the foot end of the contact spring.

Schließlich kann eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung darin bestehen, daß die Kontaktfeder im Grundkörper über einen an dieser angeformten, zentralen Steg am fußseitigen Ende eingespannt ist.Finally, one embodiment of the invention can consist in that the contact spring is clamped in the base body via a central web molded onto it at the foot-side end.

Auch diese Form der Einspannung unterstützt eine Wölbung der Kontaktfeder.This form of clamping also supports a curvature of the contact spring.

Weiters kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Kontaktpille mit ihrem Mittelpunkt gegenüber der Kontaktfeder-Längsachse versetzt ist.It can further be provided that the center of the contact pill is offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the contact spring.

Dadurch wird die Abrollbewegung der Kontaktfeder bei Kontaktgabe unterstützt.This supports the rolling movement of the contact spring when contact is made.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine axonometrische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Relais;
  • Fig. 2 bis 11 verschiedene Ausführungsformen erfindungsgemäßer Kontaktfedern; und
  • Fig. 12 eine Explosionsdarstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Relais mit Kontaktfedern und Kontakten.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. It shows:
  • 1 shows an axonometric representation of a relay according to the invention;
  • 2 to 11 different embodiments of contact springs according to the invention; and
  • Fig. 12 is an exploded view of the relay according to the invention with contact springs and contacts.

Fig.1 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Relais bestehend aus einem Magnetsystem 5 mit einem Anker 3 und einem Kontaktsystem 4 mit einer Kontaktfeder 1 und feststehenden Kontaktträgern 10 und 11. Die Kontaktfeder 1 ist durch den Anker 3 über ein Koppelglied 2 bewegbar, wobei eine Kontaktpille 6 auf der Kontaktfeder 1 vorgesehen ist, die bei abgefallenem Anker 3 mit der Kontaktpille 12 des Kontaktträgers 11 in leitender Verbindung ist, während sie bei angezogenem Anker 3 mit der Kontaktpille 9 des Kontaktträgers 10 in Kontakt gebracht wird. Die Kontaktfeder 1 kann auch mehrere Kontaktpillen aufweisen. Das Koppelglied 2 ist in der Form eines flachen Kammes ausgeführt, an dessen zwei Auslegern je eine Nase 7 vorgesehen ist, die am oberen Ende der beweglichen Kontaktfeder 1 an den beiden Seiten in Öffnungen 14 der Kontaktfeder 1 eingreifen.1 shows a relay according to the invention consisting of a magnet system 5 with an armature 3 and a contact system 4 with a contact spring 1 and fixed contact carriers 10 and 11. The contact spring 1 can be moved by the armature 3 via a coupling member 2, with a contact pill 6 the contact spring 1 is provided, which is in conductive connection with the dropped arm 3 with the contact pill 12 of the contact carrier 11, while it is brought into contact with the armature 3 with the contact pill 9 of the contact carrier 10 when the armature 3 is tightened. The contact spring 1 can also have a plurality of contact pills. The coupling member 2 is designed in the form of a flat comb, on the two arms of which a nose 7 is provided, which engage at the upper end of the movable contact spring 1 on both sides in openings 14 of the contact spring 1.

Die Kontaktträger 10 und 11 und die Kontaktfeder 1 sind in einem Grundkörper 8 aus einem Isoliermaterial gehalten und durchsetzen diesen mit Anschlüssen 13, wobei auch das Magnetsystem 5, welches ein Joch und eine Spule umfaßt, in diesem Grundkörper 8 gehalten ist.The contact carriers 10 and 11 and the contact spring 1 are held in a base body 8 made of an insulating material and penetrate this with connections 13, the magnet system 5, which comprises a yoke and a coil, also being held in this base body 8.

In Fig. 2 ist eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Kontaktfeder 1 dargestellt, wobei Bereiche A, B der Kontaktfeder 1 zwischen Angriffspunkten 14 des Koppelglieds 2 und der Kontaktpille 6 jeweils unterschiedlich ausgestattet sind; so kann etwa der Bereich A gehärtet und der Bereich B als weiches Federmaterial belassen sein. Dies läßt sich z.B. durch eine Behandlung, die nur auf die eingezeichneten Grenzen des Bereiches A und/oder des Bereiches B der Kontaktfeder 1 beschränkt ist, erreichen, etwa durch Einsatz eines Lasers. Die Form der Bereiche ist den Verhältnissen und Erfordernissen anzupassen. Der Grad der Härte kann dabei je nach Bedarf abgestimmt werden. Durch diese Bereiche unterschiedlicher Federeigenschaften wird der Überhub der Kontaktfeder 1 vergrößert, da der die Kontaktpille 6 tragende Bereich nunmehr bei Betätigung der Kontaktfeder 1 über das Koppelglied 2 nicht mehr parallel zur Auslenkung bewegt wird, sondern bedingt durch den z.B. weichen Bereich B sich um die Kontaktfeder-Längsachse wölbt und sich der Kontakt zwischen der feststehenden Kontaktpille 12 des Kontaktträgers 11, welche nicht eingezeichnet sind, öffnet, wobei der Arbeitskontakt-Überhub merkbar größer ist.FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a contact spring 1 according to the invention, areas A, B of the contact spring 1 between engagement points 14 of the coupling member 2 and the contact pill 6 each being equipped differently; for example, area A can be hardened and area B can be left as a soft spring material. This can be achieved, for example, by a treatment which is limited only to the boundaries of the area A and / or the area B of the contact spring 1, for example by using a laser. The shape of the areas must be adapted to the circumstances and requirements. The degree of hardness can be adjusted as required. These areas of different spring properties increase the overstroke of the contact spring 1, since the area carrying the contact pill 6 is no longer moved parallel to the deflection when the contact spring 1 is actuated via the coupling member 2, but due to the soft area B, for example, around the contact spring -Longitudinal axis bulges and the contact between the fixed Contact pill 12 of the contact carrier 11, which are not shown, opens, the working contact overstroke being noticeably larger.

In Fig. 3 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Kontaktfeder 1 dargestellt. Die Kontaktfeder 1 ist dabei mit einer die Kontaktpille 6 bereichsweise umgebenden Durchbrechung 16 ausgebildet. Die Durchbrechung 16 beginnt dabei im Bereich oberhalb der Kontaktpille 6 und endet im Bereich unterhalb der Kontaktpille 6. Es ergibt sich somit ein Bereich A zwischen einem Angriffspunkt 14 des Koppelglieds 2 und der Kontaktpille 6, der eine relativ harte Federeigenschaft aufweist, da dieser Bereich einen Angriffspunkt 14 und die Kontaktpille 6 auf kurzem Wege verbindet. Diese relativ harte Federeigenschaft entspricht einem herkömmlichen Überhub bei Betätigung der Kontaktfeder 1. Der andere eingezeichnete Bereich B stellt auf langem Wege eine Verbindung zwischen dem anderen Angriffspunkt 14 und der Kontaktpille 6 her, und hat somit die Eigenschaft einer weichen Feder. Dadurch wölben sich Bereiche der Kontaktfeder 1 bei Betätigung entsprechend quer zur strichpunktiert eingezeichneten Kontaktfeder-Längsachse. Dieses Wölben wird bei Anziehen und Abfallen in entgegengesetzter Weise durchlaufen. Der dadurch vergrößerte Überhub bzw. Kraftaufbau erfolgt durch Verwindung der Feder quer zur Kontaktfeder-Längsachse. Für die Kontaktgabe ist das dabei erzielte Abrollen durchaus vorteilhaft, da eine Verunreinigung der Kontaktpillen durch Korrosion oder Verzunderung gering gehalten wird. Auch ein Verschweißen der Kontaktpillen bei hohen zu schaltenden Strömen wird durch die Abrollbewegung verhindert.3 shows a further embodiment of a contact spring 1 according to the invention. The contact spring 1 is formed with an opening 16 surrounding the contact pill 6 in regions. The opening 16 begins in the area above the contact pill 6 and ends in the area below the contact pill 6. This results in an area A between an engagement point 14 of the coupling element 2 and the contact pill 6, which has a relatively hard spring characteristic, since this area has a Attack point 14 and the contact pill 6 connects in a short way. This relatively hard spring property corresponds to a conventional overstroke when the contact spring 1 is actuated. The other region B drawn in provides a long-term connection between the other point of attack 14 and the contact pill 6 and thus has the property of a soft spring. As a result, regions of the contact spring 1 bulge correspondingly transversely to the contact spring longitudinal axis shown in dash-dot lines. This bulging is carried out in the opposite manner when tightening and falling. The resulting increased overstroke or force build-up takes place by twisting the spring transversely to the contact spring longitudinal axis. The rolling achieved is quite advantageous for contacting, since contamination of the contact pills by corrosion or scaling is kept to a minimum. The rolling motion also prevents welding of the contact pills at high currents to be switched.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Kontaktfeder 1 wie in Fig.2 jedoch mit einem im Bereich des Einspann-Endes angeordneten, zusätzlichen annähernd rechteckigen Durchbruchs 17. Durch diesen Durchbruch 17 wird der Effekt der Wölbung noch verstärkt und die Kontaktpille 6 kann bei Betätigung der Kontaktfeder 1 besser abrollen.4 shows a contact spring 1 as in FIG. 2, however, with an additional approximately rectangular opening 17 arranged in the region of the clamping end. This opening 17 increases the effect of the curvature and the contact pill 6 can be actuated when the contact spring 1 is actuated roll better.

In Fig. 5 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Kontaktfeder 1 dargestellt, wobei jedoch der in Fig. 3 und 4 ausgebildete Teil oberhalb der Kontaktpille 6 weggelassen ist. Somit ist ein randoffener Einschnitt 16' ausgebildet, der einen Bereich B mit weicher Federeigenschaft und einen Bereich A mit harter Federeigenschaft definiert. Dieser randoffene Einschnitt 16' beginnt am oberen Rand der Kontaktfeder 1 und seitlich der Kontaktpille 6 und endet unterhalb der Kontaktpille 6. Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel zeichnet sich durch seine sehr geringe Bauhöhe aus, da der Platz für den in Fig. 3 und Fig.4 gezeigten oberen Bereich eingespart ist.FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a contact spring 1 according to the invention, but the part formed in FIGS. 3 and 4 above the contact pill 6 is omitted. A cut 16 ′ which is open at the edge is thus formed and defines an area B with a soft spring property and an area A with a hard spring property. This open-edge incision 16 'begins at the upper edge of the contact spring 1 and to the side of the contact pill 6 and ends below the contact pill 6. This embodiment is characterized by its very low overall height, since the space for the upper one shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 Area is saved.

Bei den in den Fig. 3 bis 5 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Kontaktfedern 1 ist am unteren Ende ein zentraler Einspannbereich vorgesehen, gegenüber dem die Kontaktfeder 1 an den Angriffspunkten 14 bewegt wird. In Fig.6 sind in dem dort angeführten Beispiel zwei schmale Stege an der Kontaktfeder im fußseitigen Bereich der Kontaktfeder 1 angeordnet, die zur Einspannung dieser im Grundkörper des Relais dienen. Der randoffene Einschnitt 16' ist wieder wie in Fig. 5 ausgeführt. Durch diese Einspannung wird die Wölbung und somit die vorteilhafte Abrollbewegung des die Kontaktpille 6 tragenden Bereiches unterstützt.In the contact springs 1 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a central clamping area is provided at the lower end, relative to which the contact spring 1 is moved at the points of attack 14. In the example shown in FIG. 6, two narrow webs are arranged on the contact spring in the foot-side region of the contact spring 1, which are used to clamp it in the base body of the relay. The open cut 16 'is again as shown in Fig. 5. This clamping supports the curvature and thus the advantageous rolling movement of the area carrying the contact pill 6.

Eine weitere Variante der Erfindung ist in Fig. 7 dargestellt, wobei die Einspannung über einen am fußseitigen Ende der Kontaktfeder 1 angeordneten zentralen Steg der Kontaktfeder 1 erfolgt.A further variant of the invention is shown in FIG. 7, wherein the clamping takes place via a central web of the contact spring 1 arranged at the foot end of the contact spring 1.

Eine weitere Variante dazu ist in Fig.8 dargestellt, wobei wieder der obere Bereich der Kontaktfeder 1 nicht ausgeführt ist, sodaß sich eine geringe Bauhöhe realisieren läßt.A further variant of this is shown in FIG. 8, again the upper area of the contact spring 1 not being implemented, so that a low overall height can be achieved.

Bei der in Fig.9 gezeigten Ausführungsform sind die Angriffspunkte 14 des Koppelglieds 2 durch freigeschnittene Einschnitte 24 gebildet, von welchen Lappen 20 trompetenartig ausgebogen sind. In die ausgebogenen Lappen 20 greifen die Nasen 7 des Koppelglieds 2 ein. Dadurch ergibt sich eine besonders abriebfreie Verbindung der Ausleger des Koppelgliedes 2 mit der Kontaktfeder 1 und eine definierte Führung derselben.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the points of engagement 14 of the coupling member 2 are formed by cut incisions 24, from which tabs 20 are bent out like a trumpet. The lugs 7 of the coupling member 2 engage in the bent-out tabs 20. This results in a particularly abrasion-free connection of the arms of the coupling member 2 to the contact spring 1 and a defined guidance thereof.

Der randoffene Einschnitt 16' ist bis zur Kontaktfeder-Längsachse geführt und dort an seinem Ende mit einer Erweiterung 31 versehen. Die Kontaktpille 6 ist dabei mit ihrem Mittelpunkt von der Kontaktfeder-Längsachse versetzt, wodurch sich ein verbesserte Abrollbewegung bei Betätigung der Kontaktfeder durch das Koppelglied 2 ergibt.The notch 16 'which is open at the edge is guided up to the longitudinal axis of the contact spring and is provided with an extension 31 there at its end. The center of the contact pill 6 is offset from the longitudinal axis of the contact spring, which results in an improved rolling movement when the contact spring is actuated by the coupling member 2.

Fig. 10 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsform wie in Fig.9, nur ist ein Durchbruch 17 am fußseitigen Ende der Kontaktfeder 1 vorgesehen, der zur Unterstützung der Abrollbewegung mit runden Randbereichen ausgestattet ist.10 is an embodiment according to the invention as in FIG. 9, only an opening 17 is provided at the foot-side end of the contact spring 1, which is equipped with round edge regions to support the rolling movement.

Die Variante aus Fig. 11 weist einerseits eine Erweiterung 31 des randoffenen Einschnittes 16'auf, welche gegenüber der Kontaktfeder-Längsachse asymmetrisch ausgebildet ist. Dieser Verlauf des Endbereiches des Einschnittes 16' soll die asymmetrische Verteilung der wirkenden Kräfte innerhalb der Kontaktfedern ausgleichen, sodaß das Magnetsystem nicht ungleichmäßig belastet wird.The variant from FIG. 11 has, on the one hand, an extension 31 of the cut 16 ′ which is open at the edge and which is asymmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the contact spring. This course of the end region of the incision 16 'is intended to compensate for the asymmetrical distribution of the forces acting within the contact springs, so that the magnet system is not loaded unevenly.

Fig. 12 zeigt die Art der Anordnung der Kontaktfeder 1 im erfindungsgemäßen Relais, wobei die Kontaktfeder 1 und die Kontaktträger 10, 11 jeweils gegenseitig durch Wände 23 von nach oben offenen Kammern 22 getrennt sind, wodurch sich erhöhte Kriechstromwege erzielen lassen.Fig. 12 shows the type of arrangement of the contact spring 1 in the relay according to the invention, wherein the contact spring 1 and the contact carrier 10, 11 are mutually separated by walls 23 from upwardly open chambers 22, whereby increased leakage current paths can be achieved.

In allen vorstehend dargestellten Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind die Bereiche A und B in ihrer Gestaltung derart aufeinander abgestimmt, daß bei Betätigung der Feder, d.h. bei Kontaktgabe des Magnetsystems, insbesondere der Anker, im wesentlichen symmetrisch belastet wird.In all the embodiments of the invention described above, the areas A and B are matched to one another in their design such that when the spring is actuated, i.e. upon contacting the magnet system, in particular the armature, is loaded essentially symmetrically.

Claims (15)

Relais mit einem einen Anker (3) aufweisenden Magnetsystem (5) und einem Kontaktsystem (4), das eine Kontaktfeder (1) umfaßt, die mit mindestens einer Kontaktpille (6) bestückt ist und auf welche über ein Koppelglied (2) durch den Anker (3) eine Betätigungskraft aufbringbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Bereiche (A, B) der Kontaktfeder (1) zwischen den Angriffspunkten (14) des Koppelglieds (2) und der Kontaktpille (6) jeweils unterschiedlich gestaltet sind, wobei bei Betätigung der Feder das Magnetsystem, insbesondere der Anker, im wesentlichen symmetrisch belastet ist.Relay with a magnet system (5) having an armature (3) and a contact system (4) which comprises a contact spring (1) which is equipped with at least one contact pill (6) and to which the armature is connected via a coupling member (2) (3) an actuating force can be applied, characterized in that regions (A, B) of the contact spring (1) between the points of attack (14) of the coupling member (2) and the contact pill (6) are each designed differently, with actuation of the spring the magnet system, in particular the armature, is loaded essentially symmetrically. Relais nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktfeder (1) mit wenigstens einer die Kontaktpille (6) bereichsweise umgebenden Durchbrechung (16) ausgebildet ist.Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact spring (1) is formed with at least one opening (16) surrounding the contact pill (6) in regions. Relais nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktfeder (1) mit wenigstens einem die Kontaktpille (6) bereichsweise umgebenden randoffenen Einschnitt (16') ausgebildet ist.Relay according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the contact spring (1) is formed with at least one cut-open incision (16 ') surrounding the contact pill (6) in regions. Relais nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich des Einspann-Endes der Kontaktfeder (1) symmetrisch zur Kontaktfeder-Längsachse ein annähernd rechteckförmiger Durchbruch (17) vorgesehen ist.Relay according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that an approximately rectangular opening (17) is provided in the region of the clamping end of the contact spring (1) symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the contact spring. Relais nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchbrechung (16) im Bereich oberhalb der Kontaktpille (6) beginnt und im Bereich unterhalb der Kontaktpille (6) endet.Relay according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the opening (16) begins in the area above the contact pill (6) and ends in the area below the contact pill (6). Relais nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der randoffene Einschnitt (16') am oberen Rand der Kontaktfeder (1) und seitlich der Kontaktpille (6) beginnt und unterhalb der Kontaktpille (6) endet.Relay according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the edge-open incision (16 ') begins at the upper edge of the contact spring (1) and to the side of the contact pill (6) and ends below the contact pill (6). Relais nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der randoffene Einschnitt (16') an seinem in der Kontaktfeder (1) gelegenen Ende eine Erweiterung (31) aufweist.Relay according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the notch (16 ') which is open at the edge has an extension (31) at its end located in the contact spring (1). Relais nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erweiterung (31) des randoffenen Einschnittes (16') asymmetrisch gegenüber der Kontaktfeder-Längsachse ausgebildet ist.Relay according to Claim 7, characterized in that the widening (31) of the cut (16 ') which is open at the edge is asymmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the contact spring. Relais nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktpille von einem, von den Einschnitten und/oder Durchbrechungen zumindest teilweise umgebenen Lappen getragen ist, der vorzugsweise quer zur Federlängsachse angeordnet ist.Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the contact pill is carried by a tab which is at least partially surrounded by the incisions and / or perforations and which is preferably arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the spring. Relais nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktfeder als eine im wesentlichen ebene Feder ausgebildet ist.Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the contact spring is designed as an essentially flat spring. Relais nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Angriffspunkte (14) des Koppelglieds (2) durch freigeschnittene Einschnitte (24) in der Kontaktfeder (1) gebildet sind, von welchen Lappen (20) trompetenartig ausgebogen sind.Relay according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the points of attack (14) of the coupling member (2) are formed by cut-outs (24) in the contact spring (1), from which tabs (20) are bent like a trumpet. Relais nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktfeder (1) im Grundkörper (8) durch Wände (23) unter Ausbildung von nach oben offenen Kammern (22) von den Kontaktträgern getrennt ist.Relay according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact spring (1) in the base body (8) is separated from the contact carriers by walls (23) with the formation of upwardly open chambers (22). Relais nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktfeder (1) im Grundkörper (8) über zwei an deren Seiten angeformte Stege am fußseitigen Ende eingespannt ist.Relay according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the contact spring (1) is clamped in the base body (8) via two webs formed on the sides thereof at the foot end. Relais nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktfeder (1) im Grundkörper (8) über einen an dieser angeformten, zentralen Steg am fußseitigen Ende eingespannt ist.Relay according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the contact spring (1) is clamped in the base body (8) via a central web molded onto it at the foot end. Relais nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktpille (6) mit ihrem Mittelpunkt gegenüber der Kontaktfeder-Längsachse versetzt ist.Relay according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the center of the contact pill (6) is offset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the contact spring.
EP95890112A 1994-07-08 1995-06-16 Relay Expired - Lifetime EP0691667B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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AT1353/94 1994-07-08
AT0135394A AT410856B (en) 1994-07-08 1994-07-08 RELAY

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EP0691667A1 true EP0691667A1 (en) 1996-01-10
EP0691667B1 EP0691667B1 (en) 1998-11-11

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AT (1) AT410856B (en)
CZ (1) CZ286549B6 (en)
DE (1) DE59504195D1 (en)
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EP1560243A3 (en) * 2004-01-28 2008-03-12 TYCO Electronics Austria GmbH Heavy duty relay with resilient normally-open contact
EP2394284A2 (en) * 2009-02-04 2011-12-14 Clodi L.L.C. Electromagnetic relay assembly
EP2394284A4 (en) * 2009-02-04 2014-03-05 Clodi L L C Electromagnetic relay assembly
EP2835813A3 (en) * 2013-08-09 2015-03-18 Omron Corporation Contact mechanism and electromagnetic relay
EP3048622A1 (en) * 2015-01-20 2016-07-27 Phoenix Contact GmbH & Co. KG Power contact for a switching device
CN113871255A (en) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-31 富士通电子零件有限公司 Relay with a movable contact
EP3933877A1 (en) * 2020-06-30 2022-01-05 Fujitsu Component Limited Relay
US11742167B2 (en) 2020-06-30 2023-08-29 Fujitsu Component Limited Relay

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0691667B1 (en) 1998-11-11
CZ174495A3 (en) 1997-09-17
US5719541A (en) 1998-02-17
CZ286549B6 (en) 2000-05-17
AT410856B (en) 2003-08-25
PL309511A1 (en) 1996-01-22
DE59504195D1 (en) 1998-12-17
ATA135394A (en) 2002-12-15
ES2123939T3 (en) 1999-01-16
PL179751B1 (en) 2000-10-31

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