EP0689028A1 - Reaktiv-Pauzerung gegen senkrechte oder schräge Einschläge - Google Patents

Reaktiv-Pauzerung gegen senkrechte oder schräge Einschläge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0689028A1
EP0689028A1 EP94401389A EP94401389A EP0689028A1 EP 0689028 A1 EP0689028 A1 EP 0689028A1 EP 94401389 A EP94401389 A EP 94401389A EP 94401389 A EP94401389 A EP 94401389A EP 0689028 A1 EP0689028 A1 EP 0689028A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
enclosure
armour
inert
intermediary
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94401389A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0689028B1 (de
Inventor
Moshe Benyami
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd
State of Israel
Original Assignee
Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd
State of Israel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to IL8898589A priority Critical patent/IL88985A/en
Application filed by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd, State of Israel filed Critical Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd
Priority to EP94401389A priority patent/EP0689028B1/de
Priority to DK94401389T priority patent/DK0689028T3/da
Priority to AT94401389T priority patent/ATE171778T1/de
Priority to DE69413675T priority patent/DE69413675T2/de
Publication of EP0689028A1 publication Critical patent/EP0689028A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0689028B1 publication Critical patent/EP0689028B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/007—Reactive armour; Dynamic armour

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns elements for making a protective reactive armour to be fitted on the outside of an enclosure liable to be exposed to attack by shaped-charge warheads and kinetic energy projectiles.
  • enclosures protectable by a reactive armour made of elements according to the invention are land vehicles such as battle tanks, armoured personnel carriers, armoured fighting vehicles, armoured, self- propelled guns; armoured static structures such as buildings, above-ground portions of bunkers, container tanks for the storage of fuel and chemicals; etc.
  • a reactive armour element according to the invention may be a basic type armour made integral with a conventional passive armour, or alternatively be of the add-on type.
  • Warheads with shaped-charge munition also known as hollow charge munition, are known to pierce armour and thereby destroy the protected object from within.
  • This capacity of a shaped charge results from the fact that upon detonation there forms an energy-rich jet also known as "thorn” or “spike” which advances at very high speed of several thousand meters per second and is thereby capable of piercing even relatively thick armour walls.
  • a similar arrangement is disclosed in GB-A-1,581,125 with the sole difference that in accordance with that disclosure the arrangement of the layer of explosive substance may optionally be covered only on one side by a layer of a non- combustible material.
  • An improved protective armour is disclosed by the present Applicants in their US-A-4,741,244 and the corresponding EP-B1-O 161,390.
  • This improved protective armour is of the add-on type and consists of a plurality of elements each comprising a cover member having suspended therefrom on the side that faces the substrate at least one explosive insert comprising an explosive layer sandwiched between two metal plates such that when the element is mounted on a substrate the explosive insert remains distant therefrom.
  • an element for making a reactive armour characterized by being a multilayer composite body in which each layer tightly bears against each contiguous layer, which multilayer composite body comprises an outer cover, at least one explosive layer, at least one intermediary inert body and a base plate.
  • a reactive armour element according to the invention may be made integral with a basic armour element or alternatively be of the add-on type.
  • the invention further provides enclosures fitted with a reactive armour consisting of elements of the kind specified.
  • Enclosures included within the scope of the present invention comprise armoured land vehicles such as battle tanks, armoured personnel carriers, armoured fighting vehicles, armoured, self- propelled guns; armoured marine vessels; armoured static structures such as container tanks for holding fuel and chemicals, armoured buildings and the like.
  • a reactive armour made of elements in accordance with the invention is based on a new concept by which the moving apart metal plates of conventional reactive armour are replaced by an inert body which functions by way of a so-called dynamic collapse.
  • a jet generated by an oncoming shaped charge warhead initiates the explosive layer and in consequence a pressure builds up and acts on the inert intermediary body.
  • Such pressure in combination with the action of the jet, sets into operation a chain of successive dynamic collapse cycles each consisting of a first phase at which a crater is produced in the inert intermediary body by the action of the penetrating jet, and a second phase at which said crater is re-closed in consequence of the said pressure.
  • the reactive armour according to the invention is highly effective regardless of the angle of attack of a jet produced by an oncoming hollow charge warhead, and thus affords protection also against hollow charge warheads that arrive normal or near-normal to the a reactive armour surface. Accordingly, a reactive armour fitted onto a static or movable enclosure may be made entirely of elements according to the invention. In the alternative, it is possible to produce a reactive armour from elements according to the invention only at those locations such as the roof or a apelooka plate of a battle tank where normal or near-normal hits are expected, and from conventional reactive armour elements at other locations where any shaped charge threat is expected to arrive at an acute angle.
  • one or more further explosive layer e.g. between the intermediary body and the base plate and/or within the inert intermediary body so that the element actually comprises two inert intermediary bodies sandwiching between them an explosive layer.
  • the reactive armour is spaced from the basic armour and a jet produced by an oncoming hollow charge warhead forms an acute angle with the armour surface, the base plate together with the overlaying explosive layer produce a conventional reactive effect additional to the dynamic collapse effect according to the invention, which is an added benefit.
  • An external fuel or water tank of a land vehicle or marine vessel may, when full, serve as an inert intermediary body in a reactive armour according to the invention.
  • the same also applies to container tanks.
  • a further aspect of the invention there is also provided a method of furnishing reactive protection to a portion of a structure holding an inert body, comprising applying to the outer face of such structure a covered explosive layer. In this way there is formed in situ a composite body of the kind described hereinbefore.
  • the outer cover may optionally either be a metal plate similar to the base plate, such metal plate being instrumental in directing inward the pressure buildup resulting from initiation of the explosive layer; or simply a suitable weather-resistant material, e.g. sheet metal, plastic material, fiberglass and the like. In the latter case the cover does not direct the pressure inward and consequently the explosive layer may have to be thicker.
  • the intermediary body which may be solid or liquid, metallic, e.g. aluminium, or non-metallic, e.g. glass or a ceramic material.
  • metallic e.g. aluminium
  • non-metallic e.g. glass or a ceramic material.
  • such materials will be preferred which on the one hand produce a pronounced dynamic collapse effect, while on the other hand are relatively light so that the reactive armour should not add too much weight to the vehicle.
  • the material of the intermediary body will be selected accordingly, a typical example being ceramics.
  • reactive armour elements according to the invention need not be spaced from the basic armour and may be mounted in close proximity thereto whereby the total armour volume is reduced. However, if desired the reactive armour according to the invention may be spaced from the basic armour.
  • a protective armour according to the invention has the further advantage that there hardly occur ally impacts upon the basic armour of the kind that are usually experienced with conventional protective armours and which are due to the fact that upon detonation the innermost of the two metal plates which between them hold the explosive layer, is hurled onto the main, passive armour of the vehicle.
  • the phenomena of spalling, deformation, mechanical shock and vibration, which characterize conventional reactive armour are practically eliminated.
  • the invention also provides a method of protecting an enclosure against shaped charge warheads and optionally also against kinetic threats, wherein such enclosure is fitted on the outside with a reactive armour comprising elements of the kind specified.
  • the protective armour element shown in Fig. 1 is a multilayer body comprising an outer cover plate 1, e.g. of steel, an explosive layer 2, an intermediary inert body 3, e.g. of aluminium, and a base plate 4 which again may be of steel.
  • Fig. 2a shows a jet 5 produced by an oncoming shaped charge warhead and approaching the armour in a direction normal thereto.
  • jet 5 has penetrated into the explosive layer 2 by which an explosion was initiated which resulted in a pressure build-up and exertion of pressure on the intermediary inert body 3, while cover plate 1 is thrown in the opposite direction.
  • a front portion of jet 5 has already penetrated into inert body 3 and formed a crater therein.
  • a reactive armour element according to the invention shown in Fig. 3 is basically similar to that of Fig. 1 with the addition, however, of a second explosive layer 6 which is sandwiched between inert body 3 and base plate 4. This addition improves performance in particular in cases of threats that arrive at an acute angle, such as threat 7 in Fig. 3.
  • the inert body 3 may consist of two or more strata of different inert materials.
  • a reactive armour element of Fig. 4 yet another explosive layer is provided. As shown this embodiment comprises a cover plate 8, a first explosive layer 9, a first intermediary body 10 and a second intermediary body 11 which sandwich between them a second explosive layer 12. Intermediary bodies 10 and 11 may be of the same material or of different materials. Underneath body 11 there is provided a third explosive layer 13 and then there follow a baseplate 14.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP94401389A 1989-01-18 1994-06-21 Reaktiv-Pauzerung gegen senkrechte oder schräge Einschläge Expired - Lifetime EP0689028B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL8898589A IL88985A (en) 1989-01-18 1989-01-18 Reactive armour effective against normal and skew attack
EP94401389A EP0689028B1 (de) 1989-01-18 1994-06-21 Reaktiv-Pauzerung gegen senkrechte oder schräge Einschläge
DK94401389T DK0689028T3 (da) 1989-01-18 1994-06-21 Reaktiv pansring, der er effektiv mod vinkelrette og skrå angreb
AT94401389T ATE171778T1 (de) 1989-01-18 1994-06-21 Reaktiv-pauzerung gegen senkrechte oder schräge einschläge
DE69413675T DE69413675T2 (de) 1989-01-18 1994-06-21 Reaktiv-Pauzerung gegen senkrechte oder schräge Einschläge

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL8898589A IL88985A (en) 1989-01-18 1989-01-18 Reactive armour effective against normal and skew attack
EP94401389A EP0689028B1 (de) 1989-01-18 1994-06-21 Reaktiv-Pauzerung gegen senkrechte oder schräge Einschläge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0689028A1 true EP0689028A1 (de) 1995-12-27
EP0689028B1 EP0689028B1 (de) 1998-09-30

Family

ID=26137506

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94401389A Expired - Lifetime EP0689028B1 (de) 1989-01-18 1994-06-21 Reaktiv-Pauzerung gegen senkrechte oder schräge Einschläge

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0689028B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE171778T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69413675T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0689028T3 (de)
IL (1) IL88985A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001038817A1 (de) 1999-11-23 2001-05-31 Dynamit Nobel Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Reaktiver schutz
EP1227293A2 (de) 2001-01-27 2002-07-31 Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff- und Systemtechnik Reaktives Schutzelement an militärischen Fahrzeugen
EP1517110A1 (de) * 2003-09-16 2005-03-23 GEKE Technologie GmbH Kombinierte Schutzanordnung
WO2006074685A1 (de) * 2005-01-10 2006-07-20 Geke Technologie Gmbh Reaktive schutzvorrichtung
WO2007068954A1 (en) * 2005-12-17 2007-06-21 The Secretary Of State For Defence A barrier
DE102008043992A1 (de) * 2008-11-21 2011-03-17 Schott Ag Transparente Reaktivpanzerung
DE102008021479B4 (de) * 2008-04-29 2015-01-22 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, dieses vertreten durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr Reaktivpanzerglasscheibe

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL195978A0 (en) 2008-12-16 2009-11-18 Gigi Simovich Dynamically stressed armor

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2031658A1 (de) * 1970-06-26 1972-05-31 Krauss Maffei Ag Panzerungswand mit schottähnlichen Kammern
WO1987005994A1 (en) * 1986-03-27 1987-10-08 Affärsverket Ffv A reactive armour wall structure
GB2191276A (en) * 1986-06-04 1987-12-09 Royal Ordnance Plc Reactive armour
GB2191277A (en) * 1986-06-04 1987-12-09 Royal Ordnance Plc Composite armour
FR2632059A1 (fr) * 1978-12-14 1989-12-01 France Etat Armement Blindage notamment pour la protection contre les projectiles a charge creuse

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2031658A1 (de) * 1970-06-26 1972-05-31 Krauss Maffei Ag Panzerungswand mit schottähnlichen Kammern
FR2632059A1 (fr) * 1978-12-14 1989-12-01 France Etat Armement Blindage notamment pour la protection contre les projectiles a charge creuse
WO1987005994A1 (en) * 1986-03-27 1987-10-08 Affärsverket Ffv A reactive armour wall structure
GB2191276A (en) * 1986-06-04 1987-12-09 Royal Ordnance Plc Reactive armour
GB2191277A (en) * 1986-06-04 1987-12-09 Royal Ordnance Plc Composite armour

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001038817A1 (de) 1999-11-23 2001-05-31 Dynamit Nobel Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Reaktiver schutz
DE19956197A1 (de) * 1999-11-23 2001-06-21 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Reaktiver Schutz
DE19956197C2 (de) * 1999-11-23 2003-02-13 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Reaktiver Schutz
EP1227293A2 (de) 2001-01-27 2002-07-31 Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff- und Systemtechnik Reaktives Schutzelement an militärischen Fahrzeugen
EP1517110A1 (de) * 2003-09-16 2005-03-23 GEKE Technologie GmbH Kombinierte Schutzanordnung
WO2005033615A1 (de) * 2003-09-16 2005-04-14 Geke Technologie Gmbh Kombinierte schutzanordnung
WO2006074685A1 (de) * 2005-01-10 2006-07-20 Geke Technologie Gmbh Reaktive schutzvorrichtung
NO338962B1 (no) * 2005-01-10 2016-11-07 Geke Schutztechnik Gmbh Reaktiv beskyttelsesanordning
WO2007068954A1 (en) * 2005-12-17 2007-06-21 The Secretary Of State For Defence A barrier
DE102008021479B4 (de) * 2008-04-29 2015-01-22 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, dieses vertreten durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr Reaktivpanzerglasscheibe
DE102008043992A1 (de) * 2008-11-21 2011-03-17 Schott Ag Transparente Reaktivpanzerung
DE102008043992B4 (de) * 2008-11-21 2012-04-05 Schott Ag Transparente Reaktivpanzerung
US8534179B2 (en) 2008-11-21 2013-09-17 Schott Ag Reactive armor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0689028T3 (da) 1999-06-21
IL88985A0 (en) 1994-07-31
DE69413675D1 (de) 1998-11-05
DE69413675T2 (de) 1999-03-25
ATE171778T1 (de) 1998-10-15
EP0689028B1 (de) 1998-09-30
IL88985A (en) 1995-03-30

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