EP0686686A1 - Ofen zur thermischen Behandlung von Abfällen und Verfahren - Google Patents

Ofen zur thermischen Behandlung von Abfällen und Verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0686686A1
EP0686686A1 EP95401182A EP95401182A EP0686686A1 EP 0686686 A1 EP0686686 A1 EP 0686686A1 EP 95401182 A EP95401182 A EP 95401182A EP 95401182 A EP95401182 A EP 95401182A EP 0686686 A1 EP0686686 A1 EP 0686686A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
waste
cavity
pyrolysis
oven
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95401182A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0686686B1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Martin
Eric Marty
Ari Minkkinen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Original Assignee
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Publication of EP0686686A1 publication Critical patent/EP0686686A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0686686B1 publication Critical patent/EP0686686B1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/30—Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B1/00—Retorts
    • C10B1/10—Rotary retorts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/08—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined externally heated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/6435—Aspects relating to the user interface of the microwave heating apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/6447—Method of operation or details of the microwave heating apparatus related to the use of detectors or sensors
    • H05B6/6458—Method of operation or details of the microwave heating apparatus related to the use of detectors or sensors using humidity or vapor sensors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heat treatment and more specifically to the pyrolysis of solids, in particular industrial and / or household waste.
  • thermal treatment of waste and in particular its pyrolysis is an increasingly used technology because it offers a certain number of advantages over other means such as landfilling, compaction or even so-called treatments. "wet” that is to say comprising at least one step of washing the solids.
  • patent application FR 2 668 774 filed in the name of the applicant, describes an installation comprising a rotary pyrolysis oven heated externally and having in particular a specific means for trapping the pollutants produced by the pyrolysis.
  • the present invention makes it possible in particular to solve the problems of fouling in the discharge lines of the pyrolysis gases.
  • control and control of the pressures in the installation is also advantageously taken into account according to the invention.
  • an oven intended for the thermal treatment of waste comprising an essentially cylindrical cavity for the waste to be treated rotating around its longitudinal axis, a combustion chamber located around said cavity and means for introducing fuel and oxidant into said chamber.
  • the means for introducing fuel and oxidizer are oriented tangentially to the wall of said combustion chamber, so that the flame or flames which they create develops helically around said cavity containing the waste.
  • the means for introducing fuel and / or oxidizer are spaced longitudinally along the cavity in order to carry out staged combustion in said combustion chamber.
  • the oven further comprises an outlet for the pyrolysis gases associated with a line intended to bring said pyrolysis gases to the means for introducing fuel into said combustion chamber.
  • the pyrolysis gas recycling line comprises an absorbent injection means and a separation means between the gases and the solids circulating in said line.
  • the rotary kiln may further comprise means intended to maintain inside the combustion chamber a pressure substantially equal to atmospheric pressure.
  • the means for maintaining pressure in particular comprise a means for extracting combustion fumes, a flow control valve controlled by a pressure sensor placed inside said combustion chamber.
  • the invention further relates to a process for the thermal treatment of waste comprising pyrolysis of the waste in an essentially cylindrical cavity which rotates around its longitudinal axis, heating of the cavity by means placed in a combustion chamber surrounding said cavity 1, the injection of fuel and oxidant into the combustion chamber being carried out tangentially to the internal wall of said combustion chamber.
  • a stepwise combustion is carried out in said combustion chamber.
  • the method can also comprise a step of dechlorination of the pyrolysis gases coming from the cavity.
  • the oven comprises an elongated cylindrical rotating part 1 connected at each end to fixed parts 2 and 3 by means of tight seals 4 and 5.
  • the rotating part 1 is always either horizontal or slightly inclined according to the requirements for flow rate and residence time of the solids in the system.
  • the waste is brought by a line 6 fixed to the fixed element 3 at the top of the furnace. At the outlet of line 6, the waste falls into the rotating part 1, forms a bed 7 there and is heated then pyrolyzed as it progresses through the oven towards the fixed part 2.
  • the fixed part 2 includes an area 2a for withdrawing the solid phase, and a line 8 maintained over its entire length at a temperature close to that of the waste at the outlet of the rotating part 1 and intended for the evacuation of the pyrolysis gases. .
  • the rotating part 1 is heated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gases, using means 9 fixed to a fixed chamber 12 of substantially cylindrical shape and completely enveloping a major part of the rotating cylinder 1.
  • the means 9 are essentially means for injecting and controlling the air and fuel flow rates, the air being supplied by a line 10 and the fuel being supplied by the line 8, which make it possible to generate one or more enveloping flames. the rotating part 1.
  • the injection means are preferably placed opposite the first part of the rotating cylinder, where the waste is still cold and humid and where the energy requirements are therefore greatest.
  • FIG. 2 shows that they are installed so as to ensure a substantially tangential introduction of the fuel and of the oxidant, which generates a flame which develops near the wall 20 of the chamber 12, which is preferably made of refractory and insulating materials.
  • the fumes produced by the combustion means 9 progress from the end 12a towards the end 12b in a helical movement which completely envelops the rotating part 1. They leave the chamber 12 by a line 11.
  • the staging of combustion therefore allows the flame to develop as the mixture is formed. This characteristic in particular avoids the self-ignition problems which arise when a mixture of air and combustion is created upstream of the burners.
  • the staging of the combustion also makes it possible to modify the heat fluxes along the rotating cylinder. Staging can concern both fuel and air, although fuel staging is a priori less desirable, since it presupposes the installation of flow control devices, all of which increase the risk of fouling. and plugging the pipes carrying the pyrolysis gases.
  • the oven according to the invention can allow waste treatments at temperatures between 150 and 900 ° C., with a preference for the range 400-600 ° C.
  • the pyrolysis gases are burned without treatment. They can therefore entrain hydrocarbon particles or not, which generate ashes in the chamber 12.
  • the lower part of the chamber 12 can include conventional devices for collecting and evacuating these ashes such as scrapers (which are not shown in Figure 1).
  • the means for introducing air and fuel 9a, 9b, and 15 may include restrictions (Venturi) adapted to operation with dusty gases in order to have sufficiently high initial fluid velocities, so that the flow of the smoke in the chamber 12 retains its helical character until the outlet 11.
  • restrictions Vaturi
  • the initial speeds of the air and of the pyrolysis gases are between 10 and 250 m / s, preferably between 50 and 100 m / s.
  • the velocities of air and pyrolysis gases are not necessarily the same.
  • the restrictions on the means 9a, 9b and 15 also make it possible to regulate the flow of pyrolysis gas coming from the rotating cylinder, and thus to ensure more stable combustion.
  • part of said gases taken from the circuit can then be evacuated to the outside by a line 16.
  • the pyrolysis gases are not sufficiently energetic to provide for the needs of the furnace, it is possible, for example, to boost said pyrolysis gases, with an auxiliary fuel.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment of the oven according to the invention is given in FIG. 3, where a step of dechlorination of the pyrolysis gases has been added after they have left the oven.
  • Line 8 of the furnace shown in Figure 1 is replaced by a line, devoid as much as possible, of singularities to avoid blockages by deposits of solid materials or tars.
  • Said line is preferably maintained at a temperature close to that of the gases leaving the fixed part 2. It comprises an absorbent injection device 31, preferably associated with a means 32 such as for example a venturi, which facilitates mixing of the absorbent with the pyrolysis gases.
  • the dechlorination process takes place throughout the course of the gases in a line 33.
  • the mixture then preferably enters a gas-solids separator 34 which can for example be a cyclone or possibly a set of cyclones arranged in series or in parallel.
  • the pyrolysis gases freed from most of their particles, are then sent to the combustion means 9 by a line 35, while the collected solids are evacuated by another line 36.
  • the absorbent, partially used, can advantageously be returned to the rotating enclosure 1, where it can again participate in the dechlorination process of the pyrolysis gases.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
EP95401182A 1994-06-10 1995-05-22 Ofen zur thermischen Behandlung von Abfällen und Verfahren Expired - Lifetime EP0686686B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9407220 1994-06-10
FR9407220A FR2721095B1 (fr) 1994-06-10 1994-06-10 Four de traitement thermique de déchets et procédé associé.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0686686A1 true EP0686686A1 (de) 1995-12-13
EP0686686B1 EP0686686B1 (de) 2000-01-26

Family

ID=9464162

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95401182A Expired - Lifetime EP0686686B1 (de) 1994-06-10 1995-05-22 Ofen zur thermischen Behandlung von Abfällen und Verfahren

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5657705A (de)
EP (1) EP0686686B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1090305C (de)
AT (1) ATE189256T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69514718T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2721095B1 (de)
PL (1) PL176676B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0892029A1 (de) * 1997-07-11 1999-01-20 Pro-Natura International Pyrolysevorrichtung für Biomasse
US10000472B2 (en) 2003-07-01 2018-06-19 Transitions Optical, Inc. Photochromic compounds

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HU222415B1 (hu) * 2000-07-13 2003-07-28 Gábor Földes Forgórendszerű hamvasztóberendezés
US6497187B2 (en) 2001-03-16 2002-12-24 Gas Technology Institute Advanced NOX reduction for boilers
US6748881B1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2004-06-15 Armature Coil Equipment Inc. Continuous pyrolysis furnace
US8698117B2 (en) 2003-07-01 2014-04-15 Transitions Optical, Inc. Indeno-fused ring compounds
US7802528B2 (en) 2008-05-28 2010-09-28 Rainbow Conversion Technologies, Llc Pyrolysis apparatus
LV14040B (lv) * 2009-09-18 2009-12-20 Intec Group, Sia Biomasas pirolīzes reaktors
CN104677090B (zh) * 2015-01-27 2016-09-07 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 一种外热式高温还原烟化焙烧回转窑
CN111763523A (zh) * 2020-06-09 2020-10-13 华中科技大学 熔盐换热的旋转式连续热解反应炉和热解方法
CN111678155B (zh) * 2020-06-10 2021-09-10 广东洁冠科技有限公司 一种管式炉焚烧系统
CN112923720B (zh) * 2021-02-04 2022-11-22 湖南鼎玖能源环境科技股份有限公司 一种热风炉及回转设备

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2166516A5 (en) * 1971-12-28 1973-08-17 Nikitenko Grigory Combustion chamber - for cylindrical rotary furnace
EP0022214A1 (de) * 1979-06-25 1981-01-14 BKMI Industrieanlagen GmbH Verfahren und Anlage zur Pyrolyse von Abfallstoffen
US4301750A (en) * 1978-03-15 1981-11-24 Pan American Resources, Inc. Method for pyrolyzing waste materials
DE3741623A1 (de) * 1987-12-04 1989-06-15 Salzgitter Ag Pyrolyse von bitumen in einem mahlkoerper enthaltenden reaktor
GB2212797A (en) * 1987-11-26 1989-08-02 Stella Spa Pyrolytic disposal of biological sludge
FR2668774A1 (fr) 1990-11-07 1992-05-07 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede et dispositif de production d'un combustible solide a partir de dechets combustibles.

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4870911A (en) * 1988-08-05 1989-10-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus for waste disposal and method
US5224433A (en) * 1988-11-23 1993-07-06 Cadence Chemical Resources, Inc. Waste fuel delivery to long kilns
CA2036581C (en) * 1990-02-23 1998-09-22 Gunter H. Kiss Method of transporting, intermediate storage and energetic and material utilization of waste goods of all kinds and device for implementing said method
US5374403A (en) * 1993-07-13 1994-12-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Apparatus for incinerating hazardous waste
US5393501A (en) * 1993-10-13 1995-02-28 Cedarapids, Inc. Material remediation in multi-function heating drum
US5435258A (en) * 1994-06-22 1995-07-25 Piette; Michel Method and apparatus for regenerating desiccants
US5553554A (en) * 1994-10-04 1996-09-10 Urich, Jr.; Albert E. Waste disposal and energy recovery system and method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2166516A5 (en) * 1971-12-28 1973-08-17 Nikitenko Grigory Combustion chamber - for cylindrical rotary furnace
US4301750A (en) * 1978-03-15 1981-11-24 Pan American Resources, Inc. Method for pyrolyzing waste materials
EP0022214A1 (de) * 1979-06-25 1981-01-14 BKMI Industrieanlagen GmbH Verfahren und Anlage zur Pyrolyse von Abfallstoffen
GB2212797A (en) * 1987-11-26 1989-08-02 Stella Spa Pyrolytic disposal of biological sludge
DE3741623A1 (de) * 1987-12-04 1989-06-15 Salzgitter Ag Pyrolyse von bitumen in einem mahlkoerper enthaltenden reaktor
FR2668774A1 (fr) 1990-11-07 1992-05-07 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede et dispositif de production d'un combustible solide a partir de dechets combustibles.

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0892029A1 (de) * 1997-07-11 1999-01-20 Pro-Natura International Pyrolysevorrichtung für Biomasse
BE1011276A3 (fr) * 1997-07-11 1999-07-06 Pro Natura International Ass D Dispositif de pyrolyse de biomasse.
US10000472B2 (en) 2003-07-01 2018-06-19 Transitions Optical, Inc. Photochromic compounds
US10005763B2 (en) 2003-07-01 2018-06-26 Transitions Optical, Inc. Photochromic compounds
US10501446B2 (en) 2003-07-01 2019-12-10 Transitions Optical, Inc. Photochromic compounds
US10532998B2 (en) 2003-07-01 2020-01-14 Transitions Optical, Inc. Photochromic compounds
US10532997B2 (en) 2003-07-01 2020-01-14 Transitions Optical, Inc. Photochromic compounds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2721095B1 (fr) 1996-08-23
FR2721095A1 (fr) 1995-12-15
EP0686686B1 (de) 2000-01-26
DE69514718T2 (de) 2000-09-28
PL176676B1 (pl) 1999-07-30
ATE189256T1 (de) 2000-02-15
CN1090305C (zh) 2002-09-04
DE69514718D1 (de) 2000-03-02
PL309026A1 (en) 1995-12-11
CN1114729A (zh) 1996-01-10
US5657705A (en) 1997-08-19

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