EP0016689A1 - Wärmeaustausch-Verfahren und Wärmeaustauscher zur Durchführung des Verfahrens - Google Patents

Wärmeaustausch-Verfahren und Wärmeaustauscher zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0016689A1
EP0016689A1 EP80400328A EP80400328A EP0016689A1 EP 0016689 A1 EP0016689 A1 EP 0016689A1 EP 80400328 A EP80400328 A EP 80400328A EP 80400328 A EP80400328 A EP 80400328A EP 0016689 A1 EP0016689 A1 EP 0016689A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
grid
enclosure
heat exchange
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80400328A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel Orwat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier SCS
Original Assignee
Carrier SCS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier SCS filed Critical Carrier SCS
Publication of EP0016689A1 publication Critical patent/EP0016689A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/02—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media both being gases or vapours

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heat exchangers and relates more particularly to an exchanger intended to be associated with the combustion chamber of a high temperature generator-incinerator.
  • the heat exchange takes place via a mixing chamber which allows the intimate mixing of the hot air and cold air circuits in a sealed box.
  • the invention aims to create a heat exchanger which combines the properties of the two preceding processes, indicated above.
  • the invention also relates to a heat exchanger intended for the implementation of the above method, comprising a heat exchange enclosure provided with an inlet for the first fluid to be cooled, with an orifice evacuation of said first fluid from an inlet port of the second fluid to be heated, from an outlet port of said second fluid, characterized in that at least in the inlet port of said first fluid is mounted a device for dividing the current of the first fluid in said heat exchange enclosure into a series of layers separated by intervals, and in that the axes of the inlet and outlet openings of the first fluid are perpendicular to the axes of the openings d and admission evacuation of said second fluid.
  • a high temperature generator-incinerator which comprises a combustion chamber 1 comprising a duct 2 for admission of air to be purified and a burner 3. At its outlet, the combustion chamber 1 is connected to a dynamic heat exchanger 4.
  • This exchanger comprises an enclosure 5 of generally cylindrical shape, the walls 6 of which are thermally insulated from the outside.
  • the enclosure 5 communicates with the combustion chamber 1 through an orifice 7 for admission of the hot gases resulting from the combustion in the chamber 1.
  • a grid 8 for separating the stream of gas coming from the combustion chamber 1 into overlapping layers 9, separated by intervals 10.
  • This grid 8 consists, as shown in FIG. 1 A , of a ring 11 on which are fixed at regular intervals, the value of which corresponds to the thickness of the layers of gas 9 to be obtained, metal blades 12.
  • the ring 11 carries two series of lugs 13, arranged in parallel cords of the circumference of the ring, said lugs being engaged in orifices formed at the ends of each of the blades 12.
  • the orifices 14 produced at one end of each blade 12 has an elongated shape in order to allow the blades 12 to expand, during the operation of the exchanger.
  • the blades 12 define slots 15 between them for forming gas layers 9.
  • the enclosure 5 is extended by a frustoconical part 16 forming a collector and leading to an orifice 17 for discharging the gases after they have cooled in the enclosure 5.
  • the orifice 17 communicates with a discharge conduit 18 in which is mounted a register 19 for adjusting the flow rate.
  • the enclosure 5 also comprises an orifice 20 for admitting polluted air to be heated and an orifice 21 for discharging this air after heating in contact with the hot air coming from the combustion chamber 1.
  • the orifices 7 and 17 for admitting and discharging the hot air coming from the combustion chamber on the one hand and the orifices 20 and 21 for admitting and discharging the polluted air to be heated on the other hand are coaxial and that, in the present embodiment, the axis of the orifices 7 and 17 is perpendicular to the axis of the orifices 20 and 21.
  • the heat exchanger of the generator-incinerator which has just been described operates in the following manner.
  • the hot air from the combustion chamber 1 passes through the slots 15 at a judi speed carefully regulated.
  • the polluted air stream to be heated is also divided into layers which are inserted between the layers 9 passing through the intervals 10 between them. There is thus formed in the enclosure, a cross-current circulation of two gaseous fluids.
  • the purified gases discharged to the outside through the conduit 18 are at a relatively low temperature, which can be of the order of 500 ° C., as in case of a conventional type heat exchanger.
  • the variant of heat exchanger shown in Fig.2 differs from the embodiment of Fig.l in that at the end of the enclosure 5 opposite the grid 8 for separating the stream of hot air coming from the combustion chamber 1 is placed a second grid of construction similar to that of the grid shown in Fig. 1A. but whose slots 23, in number equal to that of the slots 15 and perfectly aligned therewith, are wider than the latter.
  • the width of the slots 23 of the grid 22 is at least equal to six times the width of the slots 15 of the grid 18.
  • the conical manifold 16 has an angle at the top e such that it allows the regrouping of the air streams which exit from the slots 23 of the grid 22, with a minimum pressure drop.
  • This angle ⁇ depends on the diameter and the pressure drop of the extraction sheath 18. It is less than 45 °.
  • the heat exchanger shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3 comprises, like that of FIG. 1, a grid 8 of separation in layers of the stream of hot air coming from the combustion chamber 1 mounted in the orifice 7 of communication of enclosure 5 of the exchanger with said combustion chamber.
  • this exchanger further comprises a grid 25 for separating the stream of polluted air to be heated in layers, mounted in the orifice 20 for admitting this stream.
  • this grid comprises lamellae 26 fixed on a ring and defining between them slots 27 for the formation of layers of polluted air to be heated.
  • the grid 25 is arranged perpendicular to the grid 8.
  • the grids 8 and 25 have the same number of slots and as shown in FIG. 4, on which for greater clarity, the grids have been placed side by side, to a slot 15 of the grid 8 corresponds a lamella 26 of the grid 25.
  • the width of the slots 27 of the grid 25 is slightly less than the width of the strip 12 which corresponds to it (Fig. 4).
  • the conical outlet manifold has the same characteristics as that of the exchanger shown in Fig. 2.
  • the heat exchanger described with reference to FIG. 1, which comprises a grid 8 for forming layers placed on the path of the hot air to be cooled is particularly suitable for use in the case where all the chemical and aerothermal characteristics cold and hot fluids as well as the geometric characteristics of the circuits conveying these fluids, such as the length, the section, the pressure drops, etc., are perfectly controllable.
  • Fig. 2 comprising a grid 8 at the inlet of the enclosure 5 and a grid 22 at the outlet thereof, is suitable for the case where the gas extraction circuit at the outlet of the manifold 16 has a high resistance to flow, either because of its diameter and its length, or because any energy recovery system is installed there (exchanger allowing the production of hot water or mixing chamber with cold air allowing the production of temperate air).
  • Such an arrangement requires a relay fan located downstream of the recovery system on the hot air circuit cooled to a temperature compatible with the proper functioning of the fan.
  • the grid 22 of the exchanger of FIG. 2 then serves to maintain the structure of the layers of hot air in the enclosure 5, on the aerolic plane.
  • FIG. 3 can be used in the case where it is necessary to adapt the aerolic characteristics of the cold air admitted through the orifice 20 of the enclosure 5 to those of the hot air coming from the combustion chamber 1, so as to be in the ideal operating case, that is to say in the case of the arrangement of Fig.l.
  • Fig. 3 is also advantageous when it is desired to control the mass transfers of certain volatile chemical compounds having diffusion coefficients which are ill suited to the operation of a heat exchanger of the type shown in Fig. 1.
  • the hot and cold air flows must necessarily be of different temperatures and chemical compositions.
  • the efficiency of the heat exchange is all the better as the organic compound present in the air stream to be heated has a high molecular weight.
  • a heat exchanger with a grid such as that of FIG. 1 is used to heat air charged with vapors of toluene, C 6 H 5 -CH 3 having the following physical properties
  • the flow D ' 1 at the inlet of enclosure 5 receiving the cold polluted air is equal to the flow D' 2 at the corresponding outlet of said enclosure.
  • the slots of the grids have a width of 7.6 mm.
  • the heat exchanger which has just been described has the following advantages.
  • the dimensioning of the exchanger is linked to the treatment temperature, to the respective flow rates of the fluids circulating in the cold air and hot air circuits, to the desired heat transfer rate, to the nature of the polluting products present in the circuit. cold air.
  • the dimensioning of the exchanger is understood to mean not only that of the enclosure 5 proper, but also that of the number of layers of hot air and their thickness, that is to say the number and the width of the slots. in the exchanger grid (s). As for the speed of circulation of the fluids in the exchanger, it also constitutes an important parameter of its operation.
  • the fluids present are not separated in the heat exchange enclosure by any wall so that the heat transfer from one fluid to the other is made by direct contact between the layers of the two fluids, the contact surfaces between the two fluids constituting as many "virtual surfaces" of heat exchanger of the exchanger.
  • the exchanger according to the invention associated with the combustion chamber of a generator-incinerator can operate either exclusively in the mixing chamber, or exclusively in the exchanger.
  • the thermal potential can be totally or partially recovered for the calorific needs inherent in the process used in the installation considered, in heating, for example, a ventilation circuit operating in recycling, the air flow passing through this circuit having an inlet temperature between 150 and 200 ° C.
  • the temperature and the flow rate of the purified gases discharged to the outside allow the installation of an energy recovery system either by installing an exchanger allowing the production of hot water, either by installing a hot air dilution chamber polluted in cold outside air, which allows the production of air at moderate temperature.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of application of the invention to an oven for continuously baking paints deposited on automobile bodies.
  • an oven 30 which receives at one of its ends a quantityql of reduced air and at its opposite end, a quantity q ⁇ 1 of outside air.
  • the circuit 31 includes a recycling fan 37 by means of which the oven 30 is connected on the one hand to the combustion chamber 38 of the generator 34 and on the other hand to the inlet of the cold air circuit of the 'heat exchanger 39 thereof.
  • the outlet of the cold air circuit is connected to nozzles 40 for blowing heated air placed in the oven 30.
  • this exchanger operates exclusively in the mixing chamber of part of the air taken up passing through the cold circuit of the exchanger with a part q cl brought into the combustion chamber 38 is heated therein.
  • the circuit 33 is of identical construction to that of the circuit 31. It includes a recycling fan 4 1 which puts the oven 30 in communication respectively with the combustion chamber 42 and with the shredder 43 of the incinerator generator 36. The outlet of the cold circuit of the heat exchanger 43 is connected to nozzles 44 for blowing air arranged in the oven 30.
  • the circuit 32 includes, in addition to the generator-incinerator 35, an extraction fan 45 connected between the oven 30 and the combustion chamber 46 of the generator as well as a fan 47 for recycling the flow q c2 connecting the oven 30 at the inlet of the cold circuit of the exchanger 48 of said generator, the outlet of the hot circuit of which is connected to a system 49 of energy recovery.
  • the flow rate of the exhaust fan 45 is equal to q e as the flow rate of the system 49.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP80400328A 1979-03-15 1980-03-13 Wärmeaustausch-Verfahren und Wärmeaustauscher zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Withdrawn EP0016689A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7906613 1979-03-15
FR7906613A FR2451561A1 (fr) 1979-03-15 1979-03-15 Procede d'echange thermique et echangeur de chaleur pour sa mise en oeuvre

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0016689A1 true EP0016689A1 (de) 1980-10-01

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Family Applications (1)

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EP80400328A Withdrawn EP0016689A1 (de) 1979-03-15 1980-03-13 Wärmeaustausch-Verfahren und Wärmeaustauscher zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0016689A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2451561A1 (de)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB869355A (en) * 1958-05-16 1961-05-31 Giovanni Hilgers A method of heat exchange between two gases
US4122823A (en) * 1975-10-08 1978-10-31 The Steel Company Of Canada, Limited Tubeless heat recuperator

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3915222A (en) * 1969-05-19 1975-10-28 Francis R Hull Compressible fluid contact heat exchanger
FR2157094A5 (de) * 1971-10-18 1973-06-01 Thomson Csf

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB869355A (en) * 1958-05-16 1961-05-31 Giovanni Hilgers A method of heat exchange between two gases
US4122823A (en) * 1975-10-08 1978-10-31 The Steel Company Of Canada, Limited Tubeless heat recuperator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2451561B1 (de) 1982-03-26
FR2451561A1 (fr) 1980-10-10

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Inventor name: ORWAT, DANIEL