EP0686250B1 - Device and process for burning oxidisable components in a vehicle gas to be purified - Google Patents
Device and process for burning oxidisable components in a vehicle gas to be purified Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0686250B1 EP0686250B1 EP94909051A EP94909051A EP0686250B1 EP 0686250 B1 EP0686250 B1 EP 0686250B1 EP 94909051 A EP94909051 A EP 94909051A EP 94909051 A EP94909051 A EP 94909051A EP 0686250 B1 EP0686250 B1 EP 0686250B1
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- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- main combustion
- gas
- deflecting element
- flame tube
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
- F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
- F23G7/066—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for burning oxidizable Components in a carrier gas to be cleaned, comprising a gas inlet, a burner with subsequent flame tube, which in a bottom and side walls comprehensive main combustion chamber opens, one on the bottom wall combustion chamber outlet, preferably on the opposite side of the main combustion chamber Heat exchanger and a gas outlet.
- the invention relates to a method for burning oxidizable Components in a carrier gas to be cleaned in a device comprising a main combustion chamber starting from the flame tube and delimited by bottom and side walls, in the cleaned gas from the bottom wall towards a preferably coaxial deflected to the flame tube arranged combustion chamber outlet becomes.
- a device of the type described above is e.g. B. EP 0 235 277 B1.
- the so-called high-speed mixing chamber opens Flame tube in the main combustion chamber, the cross section of which is larger than the free flow cross section in the high-speed mixing room.
- the main combustion chamber extends on the outside along the high-speed mixing chamber, which is designed as a tube is in an annular shape coaxial with the high-speed mixing space Pass channel, which in turn into a high-speed mixing room and others arranged partially around the annular channel passes channel-like annular space in which a heat exchanger is arranged, the pipes are bent outwards at their colder ends.
- the main combustion chamber extends, its flow cross section is also larger than that of the high-speed mixing room, completely along the high-speed mixing space and then preferably opens radially in a heat exchanger, which is preferably arranged in an annular channel is.
- the gas leaves the high-speed mixing room in the form of a free jet.
- This beam hits the bottom wall of the main combustion chamber and is there according to the flow geometry of a baffle plate flow distributed rotationally symmetrically.
- High centrifugal forces cause the gas both along the bottom wall and after a further deflection like a Ring jet flows axially along the inner surface of the side wall of the combustion chamber.
- the cross-sectional area of this ring beam takes along the side wall of the Main combustion chamber to the combustion chamber outlet only slightly, so that between the ring jet and the outer wall of the high-speed mixing chamber forms a stationary vortex area.
- the present invention is based on the problem of an apparatus or a method of the type described above so that the volume of the main combustion chamber ideal for burning the oxidizable components in the carrier gas is being used.
- this task is essentially solved by that at least one flow-guiding element is installed in the main combustion chamber through which the flame tube leaves and in the direction of the combustion chamber outlet flowing gas is distributed over the entire cross section of the main combustion chamber, a rectified flow of the gas arises and the combustion over the cross section of the main combustion chamber takes place evenly.
- the guide element can be a guide plate, a perforated plate and / or a guide ring or similar flow distribution device as e.g. Cone-shaped reflector cones Baffle plates and vanes. At least two guide elements are preferably shown in FIG the main combustion chamber.
- the or the guide element are preferably between the outlet opening of the flame tube and the bottom wall of the main combustion chamber.
- the guiding elements can also be arranged coaxially around the flame tube or guiding elements both between the outlet opening of the flame tube and the bottom wall and coaxially to Flame tube to be arranged.
- the teaching of the invention distributes the flow of the Gas mixture in the entire main combustion chamber.
- the device according to the invention In particular, there is the advantage that there is a significant reduction in the temperature of the skin's combustion chamber or a reduction in the main combustion chamber volume with the same Residual concentration of oxidizable components in the cleaned carrier gas or a reduced residual concentration while maintaining the main combustion chamber temperature and constant main combustion chamber volume can be achieved.
- the invention is characterized in that that leaving the flame tube and flowing in the direction of the combustion chamber outlet Gas is distributed over the entire cross-section of the main combustion chamber in such a way that there is a rectified flow of gas and combustion takes place evenly over the cross-section of the main combustion chamber.
- the redirected Gas essentially free of turbulence and backflow to the combustion chamber outlet be performed. This ensures that the combustion chamber is fully utilized and prevented Mixing more purified gas with less purified gas.
- the main combustion chamber (24) is in a first one Section (23) with a large cross-sectional area and a second section (25) with divided small cross-sectional area.
- the first section (23) is annular to the axis (18) of the device (10) and is delimited by the end wall (16) Sections (17) of the outer casing (12) and through an intermediate wall (50).
- the second section (25) of the main combustion chamber is an annular space around the flame tube (22), starting from the intermediate wall (50) and ending in a further annular space (28), in the heat exchanger tubes (30) of a cross-countercurrent heat exchanger (32) concentric to the axis (18) of the device (10) and thus also concentric to the flame tube (22) are arranged.
- guide elements (40) are located in the main combustion chambers (24), (42), (44) arranged, which cause the entire cross-sections the main combustion chambers (24) or across the cross sections of the individual sections of the main combustion chambers an even, in essentially rectified flow is present.
- the guide elements can both by low resistance and lead the flow through large form resistances.
- the examples are Guide elements (40) and (42) in the form of a guide ring or guide plate a low form resistance, whereas guide elements (44) in the form of Perforated sheets or resistance grids or in the form of panels a large one Form resistance.
- the shape of the guide elements in particular the guide elements (40) and (42), must be such that partial volume flows of the rotationally symmetrical flow onto the floor (21) of the main combustion chamber (24) and shear off Deflection by 90 ° in the direction of the combustion chamber outlet (26) is effected.
- the guide element (44) in the form of a perforated plate, resistance grille, an orifice or the like, which surrounds the end region of the flame tube (22) in each of the exemplary embodiments, represents a high flow resistance which, owing to the high speeds in free cross-sectional areas present in the guide element, results in a distribution of one side on Outer jacket of the main combustion chamber (24) formed flow on the entire cross-sectional area of the main combustion chamber (24).
- Raw gas laden with pollutants i.e. containing oxidizable components Carrier gas
- the gas inlet designed as an inlet connection (36) into the device (10) is concentric with the flame tube (22) arranged heat exchanger tubes (30) guided, leaves in one arranged coaxially to the burner (19) and from the end wall (14) limited chamber (46) the heat exchanger (32) and at least partially passed the burner (19).
- While flowing through the Heat exchanger (32) is preheated by absorbing heat via the Heat exchanger tubes (30) emerging from the main combustion chamber (24) and gas flowing around the heat exchanger tubes (30).
- Part of the preheated pollutant-laden raw gas reaches the Flame of the burner (19) in contact and serves as a combustion gas. Of the other part flows past the burner (19) or the flame.
- the raw gas with the already reacting pollutants occurs in the first section (23) of the main combustion chamber (24) and is there by the guide elements acting as flow-guiding internals (40) and / or (42) and / or (44) on the entire flow cross section the main combustion chamber (24) distributed so that a rectified Flow arises and combustion over the cross-section of the main combustion chamber done evenly.
- the cleaned carrier gas is then around the heat exchanger tubes (30) Pipe bundle heat exchanger (32) guided, gives heat to what is to be cleaned Carrier gas and is also designed as a gas outlet (38) headed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Nozzles For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen oxidierbarer Bestandteile in einem zu reinigenden Trägergas, umfassend einen Gaseinlaß, einen Brenner mit sich anschließendem Flammrohr, das in einen Boden- und Seitenwandungen umfassenden Hauptbrennraum mündet, einen an der Bodenwandung vorzugsweise gegenüberliegender Seite des Hauptbrennraumes gelegenen Brennkammeraustritt, einen Wärmetauscher sowie einen Gasauslaß.The invention relates to a device for burning oxidizable Components in a carrier gas to be cleaned, comprising a gas inlet, a burner with subsequent flame tube, which in a bottom and side walls comprehensive main combustion chamber opens, one on the bottom wall combustion chamber outlet, preferably on the opposite side of the main combustion chamber Heat exchanger and a gas outlet.
Ferner bezieht sich die Erfindung auf ein Verfahren zum Verbrennen oxidierbarer Bestandteile in einem zu reinigenden Trägergas in einer Vorrichtung umfassend einen vom Flammrohr ausgehenden, durch Boden- und Seitenwandungen begrenzten Hauptbrennraum, in dem gereinigtes Gas von der Bodenwandung in Richtung eines vorzugsweise koaxial zum Flammrohr angeordneten Brennkammeraustritts umgelenkt wird.Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for burning oxidizable Components in a carrier gas to be cleaned in a device comprising a main combustion chamber starting from the flame tube and delimited by bottom and side walls, in the cleaned gas from the bottom wall towards a preferably coaxial deflected to the flame tube arranged combustion chamber outlet becomes.
Eine Vorrichtung der zuvor beschriebenen Art ist z. B. der EP 0 235 277 B1 zu entnehmen. Bei dieser Vorrichtung mündet das als Hochgeschwindigkeitsmischraum bezeichnete Flammrohr in dem Hauptbrennraum, dessen Querschnitt größer ist als der freie Strömungsquerschnitt im Hochgeschwindigkeitsmischraum. Der Hauptbrennraum erstreckt sich außenseitig entlang des Hochgeschwindigkeitsmischraumes, der als Rohr ausgebildet ist, um in einen koaxial zum Hochgeschwindigkeitsmischraum verlaufenden ringförmigen Kanal überzugehen, der seinerseits in einen gleichfalls um den Hochgeschwindigkeitsmischraum und teilweise um den ringförmigen Kanal herum angeordneten weiteren kanalartigen Ringraum übergeht, in dem ein Wärmetauscher angeordnet ist, dessen Rohre an ihren kälteren Enden nach außen abgebogen sind.A device of the type described above is e.g. B. EP 0 235 277 B1. In this device, the so-called high-speed mixing chamber opens Flame tube in the main combustion chamber, the cross section of which is larger than the free flow cross section in the high-speed mixing room. The main combustion chamber extends on the outside along the high-speed mixing chamber, which is designed as a tube is in an annular shape coaxial with the high-speed mixing space Pass channel, which in turn into a high-speed mixing room and others arranged partially around the annular channel passes channel-like annular space in which a heat exchanger is arranged, the pipes are bent outwards at their colder ends.
In anderen bekannten Anlagen erstreckt sich der Hauptbrennraum, dessen Strömungsquerschnitt ebenfalls größer ist als der des Hochgeschwindigkeitsmischraumes, vollständig entlang des Hochgeschwindigkeitsmischraumes und mündet dann vorzugsweise radial in einem Wärmetauscher, der vorzugsweise in einem Ringkanal angeordnet ist.In other known plants, the main combustion chamber extends, its flow cross section is also larger than that of the high-speed mixing room, completely along the high-speed mixing space and then preferably opens radially in a heat exchanger, which is preferably arranged in an annular channel is.
Anlagen, bei denen der Wärmetauscher in einem separaten Gehäuse untergebracht ist, sind ebenfalls bekannt.Systems in which the heat exchanger is housed in a separate housing, are also known.
Bei all diesen vorbekannten Verbrennungsanlagen verläßt das Gas den Hochgeschwindigkeitsmischraum in Form eines Freistrahles. Dieser Strahl trifft auf die Bodenwandung des Hauptbrennraumes und wird dort entsprechend der Strömungsgeometrie einer Stauplattenströmung rotationssymmetrisch verteilt. Hohe Fliehkräfte bewirken, daß das Gas sowohl entlang der Bodenwandung als auch nach einer weiteren Umlenkung wie ein Ringstrahl axial entlang der Innenfläche der Seitenwandung der Brennkammer strömt. Dabei nimmt die Querschnittsfläche dieses Ringstrahles entlang der Seitenwandung des Hauptbrennraumes bis zum Brennkammeraustritt nur geringfügig zu, so daß sich zwischen dem Ringstrahl und der äußeren Wandung des Hochgeschwindigkeitsmischraumes ein stationäres Wirbelgebiet bildet. Dadurch erfolgt eine nicht optimale Ausnutzung des Hauptbrennraumes, weil infolge der Wirbelbildung eine sehr breite Verweilzeitverteilung des Gases gegeben ist, so daß die Mindestverweilzeit des Gases im Hauptbrennraum wesentlich geringer ist als die theoretische Verweilzeit, die berechnet wird als Quotient des Volumens des Hauptbrennraumes und dem Gasdurchfluß darin.In all of these previously known combustion plants, the gas leaves the high-speed mixing room in the form of a free jet. This beam hits the bottom wall of the main combustion chamber and is there according to the flow geometry of a baffle plate flow distributed rotationally symmetrically. High centrifugal forces cause the gas both along the bottom wall and after a further deflection like a Ring jet flows axially along the inner surface of the side wall of the combustion chamber. The cross-sectional area of this ring beam takes along the side wall of the Main combustion chamber to the combustion chamber outlet only slightly, so that between the ring jet and the outer wall of the high-speed mixing chamber forms a stationary vortex area. This does not result in an optimal one Utilization of the main combustion chamber because, due to the formation of eddies, a very wide one Residence time distribution of the gas is given, so that the minimum residence time of the gas in the main combustion chamber is significantly less than the theoretical residence time that is calculated is the quotient of the volume of the main combustion chamber and the gas flow therein.
Aus der FR-A-2 248 470 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen oxidierbarer Bestandteile in einem zu reinigenden Trägergas bekannt, die der der EP 0 235 271 B1 mit der Einschränkung entspricht, als daß die Brennkammer außenseitig Profilringe aufweist, um sowohl unverbrennbares Material zurückzuhalten als auch eine möglichst lange Verweilzeit für brennbare Feststoffteilchen zu erzielen. Hierdurch werden stationäre Wirbel im Bereich der Profilringe ausgebildet, wodurch sich der wirksame Querschnitt der durch den Brennraum freiströmenden Gase verringert wird. Die hierdurch verringerte Verweilzeit der entsprechenden Gase macht eine Erhöhung der Temperatur des Brennraums erforderlich, um die oxidierbaren Bestandteile im Trägergas im erforderlichen Umfang zu verbrennen.From FR-A-2 248 470 is a device for burning oxidizable components in a carrier gas to be cleaned, which corresponds to that of EP 0 235 271 B1 with the Restriction corresponds to that the combustion chamber has profile rings on the outside in order both to hold back non-combustible material and as long as possible To achieve residence time for flammable solid particles. This makes it stationary Vortex formed in the area of the profile rings, which increases the effective cross section the gases flowing freely through the combustion chamber is reduced. The thereby reduced Residence time of the corresponding gases makes an increase in the temperature of the Combustion chamber required to the oxidizable components in the carrier gas in the required Burn scope.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung bzw. ein Verfahren der zuvor beschriebenen Art so weiterzubilden, daß das Volumen des Hauptbrennraumes optimal zur Verbrennung der oxidierbaren Bestandteile im Trägergas genutzt wird. The present invention is based on the problem of an apparatus or a method of the type described above so that the volume of the main combustion chamber ideal for burning the oxidizable components in the carrier gas is being used.
Vorrichtungsmäßig wird diese Aufgabe im wesentlichen dadurch gelöst, daß in dem Hauptbrennraum zumindest ein strömungsführendes Leitelement eingebaut ist, durch das das Flammrohr verlassendes und in Richtung des Brennkammeraustritts strömendes Gas auf den gesamten Querschnitt des Hauptbrennraumes verteilt wird, eine gleichgerichtete Strömung des Gases entsteht und die Verbrennung über den Querschnitt des Hauptbrennraums gleichmäßig erfolgt.In terms of the device, this task is essentially solved by that at least one flow-guiding element is installed in the main combustion chamber through which the flame tube leaves and in the direction of the combustion chamber outlet flowing gas is distributed over the entire cross section of the main combustion chamber, a rectified flow of the gas arises and the combustion over the cross section of the main combustion chamber takes place evenly.
Dabei kann das Leitelement ein Leitblech, ein Lochblech und/oder ein Leitring oder ähnliche strömungsverteilende Vorrichtung wie z.B. Reflektorkonen, kegelförmige Prallbleche und Leitschaufeln sein. Vorzugsweise sind zumindest zwei Leitelemente in dem Hauptbrennraum angeordnet.The guide element can be a guide plate, a perforated plate and / or a guide ring or similar flow distribution device as e.g. Cone-shaped reflector cones Baffle plates and vanes. At least two guide elements are preferably shown in FIG the main combustion chamber.
Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß das Leitelement symmetrisch zu einer Ebene ausgebildet ist, in der die Längsachse des Hauptbrennraumes verläuft. Insbesondere kann das Leitelement rotationssymmetrisch zur Längsachse ausgebildet sein.One embodiment of the invention provides that the guide element is symmetrical to one Is formed plane in which the longitudinal axis of the main combustion chamber runs. In particular, the guide element can be rotationally symmetrical to the longitudinal axis.
Auch kann das Leitelement eine Blende wie Widerstandsgitter sein.The guide element can also be an aperture such as a resistance grid.
Das bzw. die Leitelement werden vorzugsweise zwischen Austrittsöffnung des Flammrohrs und der Bodenwandung des Hauptbrennraumes angeordnet. Die Leitelemente können auch koaxial um das Flammrohr angeordnet sein oder es können Leitelemente sowohl zwischen Austrittsöffnung des Flammrohres und Bodenwandung und koaxial zum Flammrohr angeordnet sein.The or the guide element are preferably between the outlet opening of the flame tube and the bottom wall of the main combustion chamber. The guiding elements can also be arranged coaxially around the flame tube or guiding elements both between the outlet opening of the flame tube and the bottom wall and coaxially to Flame tube to be arranged.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lehre erfolgt eine Verteilung der Strömung des Gasgemisches im gesamten Hauptbrennraum. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ergibt sich insbesondere der Vorteil, daß eine deutliche Erniedrigung der Hautptbrennraumtemperatur bzw. eine Verringerung des Hauptbrennraumvolumens bei gleichbleibender Restkonzentration oxidierbarer Bestandteile im gereinigten Trägergas oder eine verringerte Restkonzentration bei gleichbleibender Hauptbrennraumtemperatur und gleichbleibendem Hauptbrennraumvolumen erreicht werden kann. The teaching of the invention distributes the flow of the Gas mixture in the entire main combustion chamber. By the device according to the invention In particular, there is the advantage that there is a significant reduction in the temperature of the skin's combustion chamber or a reduction in the main combustion chamber volume with the same Residual concentration of oxidizable components in the cleaned carrier gas or a reduced residual concentration while maintaining the main combustion chamber temperature and constant main combustion chamber volume can be achieved.
Verfahrensmäßig zeichnet sich die Erfindung dadurch aus, daß das das Flammrohr verlassende und in Richtung des Brennkammeraustritts strömende Gas auf den gesamten Querschnitt des Hauptbrennraumes derart verteilt wird, dass eine gleichgerichtete Strömung des Gases entsteht und die Verbrennung über den Querschnitt des Hauptbrennraums gleichmäßig erfolgt. Dabei kann insbesondere das umgelenkte Gas im wesentlichen verwirbelungsfrei und rückströmungsfrei zum Brennkammeraustritt geführt werden. Dies bewirkt die vollständige Ausnutzung der Brennkammer und verhindert Mischung von stärker gereinigtem Gas mit weniger stark gereinigtem Gas.In terms of method, the invention is characterized in that that leaving the flame tube and flowing in the direction of the combustion chamber outlet Gas is distributed over the entire cross-section of the main combustion chamber in such a way that there is a rectified flow of gas and combustion takes place evenly over the cross-section of the main combustion chamber. In particular, the redirected Gas essentially free of turbulence and backflow to the combustion chamber outlet be performed. This ensures that the combustion chamber is fully utilized and prevented Mixing more purified gas with less purified gas.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich nicht nur aus den Ansprüchen, den diesen zu entnehmenden Merkmalen -für sich und /oder in Kombination-, sondern auch aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von der Zeichnung zu entnehmenden bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen.Further details, advantages and features of the invention do not only result from the claims, the features to be extracted from them - individually and / or in combination - but also from the following description of the drawing preferred embodiments.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine erste Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen oxidierbarer Bestandteile in einem zu reinigenden Trägergas und
- Fig. 2
- eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung.
- Fig. 1
- a first embodiment of a device for burning oxidizable components in a carrier gas to be cleaned and
- Fig. 2
- a second embodiment of a device.
In den Fig. 1 und 2 sind Vorrichtungen zum Verbrennen oxidierbarer Bestandteile in einem zu reinigenden Trägergas dargestellt, die auch als Nachverbrennungsvorrichtungen bezeichnet werden können. Die Vorrichtungen (10) umfassen je einen zylinderförmigen Außenmantel (12), der durch die Stirnwände (14) und (16) begrenzt ist. Dabei ist in Fig. 1 die eine Stirnwand (16) gleichzeitig Boden (21) eines Hauptbrennraumes (24), während in Fig. 2 die Stirnwand einen Eintrittsringraum (45) begrenzt, dessen gegenüberliegende Wand gleichzeitig Boden (21) eines Hauptbrennraumes (24) ist.1 and 2 are devices for burning oxidizable components in represented a carrier gas to be cleaned, which is also used as afterburning devices can be designated. The devices (10) each comprise a cylindrical one Outer jacket (12) which is delimited by the end walls (14) and (16). It is shown in Fig. 1 the one end wall (16) at the same time floor (21) of a main combustion chamber (24), while in FIG. 2 the end wall delimits an inlet annular space (45), the opposite one Wall is also the floor (21) of a main combustion chamber (24).
Jeweils im Bereich der Stirnwand (14) ist konzentrisch zur Längsachse der Vorrichtung ein Brenner (19) angeordnet, dem sich ein vorzugsweise als Hochgeschwindigkeitsmischraum ausgebildetes Flammrohr (22) und der Hauptbrennraum (24) anschließen. Dabei ist es nicht notwendigerweise erforderlich, daß das Flammrohr (22) in den Hauptbrennraum (24) hineinragt.Each in the area of the end wall (14) is concentric to the longitudinal axis of the device a burner (19) is arranged, which is preferably a high-speed mixing chamber Connect the flame tube (22) and the main combustion chamber (24). It is not necessary that the flame tube (22) in the Main combustion chamber (24) protrudes.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 ist der Hauptbrennraum (24) in einen ersten Abschnitt (23) mit großer Querschnittsfläche und einen zweiten Abschnitt (25) mit kleiner Querschnittsfläche unterteilt. Der erste Abschnitt (23) ist ringförmig zu der Achse (18) der Vorrichtung (10) angeordnet und wird begrenzt durch die Stirnwand (16), durch Abschnitte (17) des Außenmantels (12) und durch eine Zwischenwandung (50). Der zweite Abschnitt (25) des Hauptbrennraumes ist ein Ringraum um das Flarnmrohr (22), ausgehend von der Zwischenwandung (50) und mündend in einem weiteren Ringraum (28), in dem Wärmetauscherrohre (30) eines Kreuzgegenstromwärmetauschers (32) konzentrisch zur Achse (18) der Vorrichtung (10) und damit auch konzentrisch zum Flammrohr (22) angeordnet sind. Die Wärmetauscherrohre (30) münden in einem äußeren, an der Außenwandung (12) angrenzenden Ringraum (34), in dem sich eine Einlaßöffnung (36) befindet. Zwischen dem äußeren Ringraum (34) und der den Hauptbrennraum (24) begrenzenden Stirnwand (16) mündet der die Wärmetauscherrohre (30) aufweisende Ringraum (28) in einem Auslaß (38), der die Außenwandung (12) der Vorrichtung (10) durchdringt.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the main combustion chamber (24) is in a first one Section (23) with a large cross-sectional area and a second section (25) with divided small cross-sectional area. The first section (23) is annular to the axis (18) of the device (10) and is delimited by the end wall (16) Sections (17) of the outer casing (12) and through an intermediate wall (50). Of the second section (25) of the main combustion chamber is an annular space around the flame tube (22), starting from the intermediate wall (50) and ending in a further annular space (28), in the heat exchanger tubes (30) of a cross-countercurrent heat exchanger (32) concentric to the axis (18) of the device (10) and thus also concentric to the flame tube (22) are arranged. The heat exchanger tubes (30) open into an outside the outer wall (12) adjacent annulus (34) in which there is an inlet opening (36). Between the outer annulus (34) and the main combustion chamber (24) delimiting front wall (16) opens out having the heat exchanger tubes (30) Annulus (28) in an outlet (38) which the outer wall (12) of the device (10) penetrates.
In dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 2 wird das Flammrohr (22) vollständig von dem Hauptbrennraum (24) umgeben und mündet direkt radial in einen zur Achse (18) der Vorrichtung (10) konzentrisch angeordneten Ringraum (28), in dem sich Wärmetauscherrohre (30) befinden. Die Wärmetauscherrohre (30) münden an gegenüberliegender Seite in den innerhalb des Außenmantels (12) gelegenem Eintrittsringraum (45), der durch einen Abschnitt des Außenmantels (12), den stirnseitigen Boden (16), den Brennraumboden (21), Abschnitte von den Hauptbrennraum (24) umgebenden Mantel (20) und einer als Rohrboden ausgebildeten Zwischenwandung (53) begrenzt ist und eine stutzenförmg ausgebildete Einlaßöffnung (36) für das Trägergas besitzt .In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the flame tube (22) is completely covered by the Main combustion chamber (24) surrounds and opens directly radially into an axis (18) of the Device (10) concentrically arranged annular space (28) in which there are heat exchanger tubes (30). The heat exchanger tubes (30) open on the opposite side in the inlet annulus (45) located inside the outer jacket (12), which through a section of the outer jacket (12), the front floor (16), the combustion chamber floor (21), sections of the main combustion chamber (24) surrounding jacket (20) and an intermediate wall (53) designed as a tube sheet is limited and a nozzle-shaped trained inlet opening (36) for the carrier gas.
Erfindungsgemäß sind in den Hauptbrennräumen (24) Leitelemente (40), (42), (44) angeordnet, die bewirken, daß über die gesamten Querschnitte der Hauptbrennräume (24) beziehungsweise über die Querschnitte der einzelnen Abschnitte der Hauptbrennräume eine gleichmäßige, im wesentlichen gleichgerichtete Strömung vorliegt.According to the invention, guide elements (40) are located in the main combustion chambers (24), (42), (44) arranged, which cause the entire cross-sections the main combustion chambers (24) or across the cross sections of the individual sections of the main combustion chambers an even, in essentially rectified flow is present.
Die Leitelemente können sowohl durch geringe Formwiderstände als auch durch große Formwiderstände die Strömung führen. Beispielhaft bilden die Leitelemente (40) und (42) in Form eines Leitringes bzw. Leitbleches einen geringen Formwiderstand, wohingegen Leitelemente (44) in Form von Lochblechen bzw. Widerstandsgitter bzw. in Form von Blenden einen großen Formwiderstand bilden.The guide elements can both by low resistance and lead the flow through large form resistances. The examples are Guide elements (40) and (42) in the form of a guide ring or guide plate a low form resistance, whereas guide elements (44) in the form of Perforated sheets or resistance grids or in the form of panels a large one Form resistance.
Um die erfindungsgemäße Wirkung zu erzielen, müssen die Leitelemente,
insbesondere die Leitelemente (40) und (42), in ihrer Form derart
ausgebildet sein, daß ein Abscheren von Teilvolumenströmen der rotationssymmetrischen
Strömung auf den Boden (21) des Hauptbrennraumes (24)
und ein Umlenken um 90° in Richtung des Brennkammeraustritts (26) bewirkt
wird.
Das in den Ausführungsbeispielen jeweils den Endbereich des Flammrohrs
(22) umgebende Leitelement (44) in Form eines Lochbleches, Widerstandsgitters,
einer Blende oder ähnliches stellt einen hohen Strömungswiderstand
dar, der aufgrund der hohen Geschwindigkeiten in im
Leitelement vorliegenden freien Querschnittsflächen eine Verteilung
einer einseitig am Außenmantel des Hauptbrennraumes (24) ausgebildeten
Strömung auf die gesamte Querschnittsfläche des Hauptbrennraumes (24)
bewirkt.In order to achieve the effect according to the invention, the shape of the guide elements, in particular the guide elements (40) and (42), must be such that partial volume flows of the rotationally symmetrical flow onto the floor (21) of the main combustion chamber (24) and shear off Deflection by 90 ° in the direction of the combustion chamber outlet (26) is effected.
The guide element (44) in the form of a perforated plate, resistance grille, an orifice or the like, which surrounds the end region of the flame tube (22) in each of the exemplary embodiments, represents a high flow resistance which, owing to the high speeds in free cross-sectional areas present in the guide element, results in a distribution of one side on Outer jacket of the main combustion chamber (24) formed flow on the entire cross-sectional area of the main combustion chamber (24).
Als Beispiel für die Verbrennung von Schadstoffen in einem Trägergas mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung (10) wird nachfolgend der Prozeß in der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 beschrieben.As an example for the combustion of pollutants in a carrier gas The device (10) according to the invention is subsequently the process in of the device according to FIG. 1.
Schadstoffbeladenes Rohgas, also oxidierbare Bestandteile enthaltendes Trägergas, tritt durch den als Eintrittsstutzen ausgebildeten Gaseinlaß (36) in die Vorrichtung (10) ein, wird durch die konzentrisch zum Flammrohr (22) angeordneten Wärmetauscherrohre (30) geführt, verläßt in einer koaxial zum Brenner (19) angeordneten und von der Stirnwand (14) begrenzten Kammer (46) den Wärmetauscher (32) und wird zumindest teilweise am Brenner (19) vorbeigeführt. Während des Durchströmens des Wärmetauschers (32) erfolgt eine Vorheizung durch Wärmeaufnahme über die Wärmetauscherrohre (30) aus dem aus dem Hauptbrennraum (24) ausgetretenen und die Wärmetauscherrohre (30) umströmenden Gas.Raw gas laden with pollutants, i.e. containing oxidizable components Carrier gas, passes through the gas inlet designed as an inlet connection (36) into the device (10), is concentric with the flame tube (22) arranged heat exchanger tubes (30) guided, leaves in one arranged coaxially to the burner (19) and from the end wall (14) limited chamber (46) the heat exchanger (32) and at least partially passed the burner (19). While flowing through the Heat exchanger (32) is preheated by absorbing heat via the Heat exchanger tubes (30) emerging from the main combustion chamber (24) and gas flowing around the heat exchanger tubes (30).
Ein Teil des vorgeheizten schadstoffbeladenen Rohgases gelangt mit der Flamme des Brenners (19) in Berührung und dient als Verbrennungsgas. Der andere Teil strömt am Brenner (19) bzw. an der Flamme vorbei.Part of the preheated pollutant-laden raw gas reaches the Flame of the burner (19) in contact and serves as a combustion gas. Of the other part flows past the burner (19) or the flame.
Aufgrund der hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten v mit v > 60 m/s im Vollastbetrieb im Flammrohr (22) werden die Gase aus der heißen Kernzone des Brenners (19) mit der kälteren sogenannten Ringspaltströmung des Gases, die über einen Spalt (48), der brennerseitig die Kammer (46) begrenzt, am Brenner vorbeigeführt wird, bis zum Ende des Flammrohres (22) vermischt. Dadurch wird im gesamten Rohgas die Verbrennung der Schadstoffe initiiert. Das Rohgas mit den bereits reagierenden Schadstoffen tritt in dem ersten Abschnitt (23) des Hauptbrennraumes (24) ein und wird dort durch die als strömungsführende Einbauten wirkenden Leitelemente (40) und/oder (42) und/oder (44) auf den gesamten Strömungsquerschnitt der Hauptbrennkammer (24) verteilt, so daß eine gleichgerichtete Strömung entsteht und die Verbrennung über den Querschnitt des Hauptbrennraumes gleichmäßig erfolgt.Due to the high flow velocities v with v> 60 m / s in The gases from the hot core zone are at full load in the flame tube (22) of the burner (19) with the colder so-called annular gap flow of Gases through a gap (48) on the burner side of the chamber (46) limited, is led past the burner to the end of the flame tube (22) mixed. As a result, the combustion of the entire raw gas Initiated pollutants. The raw gas with the already reacting pollutants occurs in the first section (23) of the main combustion chamber (24) and is there by the guide elements acting as flow-guiding internals (40) and / or (42) and / or (44) on the entire flow cross section the main combustion chamber (24) distributed so that a rectified Flow arises and combustion over the cross-section of the main combustion chamber done evenly.
Da nahezu die gesamte Länge des Flammrohres (22) erforderlich ist, um die über den Spalt (48) strömende und am Brenner (19) vorbeigeleitete kältere Ringströmung im Flammrohr mit der heißeren Kernströmung, die durch den Brenner (19) geleitet wird, zu vermischen, und daher zwischen Flammrohrwandinnenseite und Flammrohrwandaußenseite eine Temperaturdifferenz besteht, erfolgt ein Wärmetausch zwischen dem heißen Trägergas in dem zweiten Abschnitt (25) der Hauptbrennkammer (24) und dem kälteren ungereinigten Trägergas im Flammrohr (22). Folglich dient das Flammrohr (22) als zusätzliche Wärmetauscherfläche. Der Wärmetausch bewirkt eine Temperaturdifferenz von 20 °C bis 60 °C bei stationärem Betrieb zwischen dem Eintritt in den zweiten Abschnitt (25) des Hauptbrennraumes (24) und dem Austritt (26) aus dem Hauptbrennraum, also dem Eintritt in den Ringraum (28), in dem der Wärmetauscher (32) angeordnet ist.Since almost the entire length of the flame tube (22) is required to the Colder, flowing over the gap (48) and bypassing the burner (19) Ring flow in the flame tube with the hotter core flow through the Burner (19) is directed to mix, and therefore between the inside of the flame tube wall and flame tube wall outside a temperature difference there is a heat exchange between the hot carrier gas in the second section (25) of the main combustion chamber (24) and the colder unpurified Carrier gas in the flame tube (22). Consequently, the flame tube (22) as an additional heat exchanger surface. The heat exchange causes a temperature difference from 20 ° C to 60 ° C in stationary operation between the Entry into the second section (25) of the main combustion chamber (24) and the Exit (26) from the main combustion chamber, i.e. the entry into the annular space (28) in which the heat exchanger (32) is arranged.
Das gereinigte Trägergas wird sodann um die Wärmetauscherrohre (30) des Rohrbündelwärmetauschers (32) geführt, gibt Wärme an das zu reinigende Trägergas ab und wird zum gleichfalls als Stutzen ausgebildeten Gasauslaß (38) geleitet.The cleaned carrier gas is then around the heat exchanger tubes (30) Pipe bundle heat exchanger (32) guided, gives heat to what is to be cleaned Carrier gas and is also designed as a gas outlet (38) headed.
Claims (14)
- Device for the combustion of oxidizable constituents in a carrier gas to be cleaned, involving a gas inlet (36), a burner (19) with attached flame tube (22), which opens into a main combustion chamber (24) with bottom and side walls (21, 20) if necessary divided into sections (23, 25), a combustion chamber outlet (26) preferably on the bottom wall (21) of the opposite side wall of the main combustion chamber, a heat exchanger (32) and a gas outlet (38),
characterized in
that at least one deflecting element (40, 42, 44) directing the flow is arranged in the main combustion chamber (24), and the deflecting element distributes the gas leaving the flame tube (22) in direction of the combustion chamber outlet (26) over the entire cross section of the main combustion chamber (24), an equidirectional flow of the gas takes place, and the combustion over the cross section of the main combustion chamber is uniform. - Device as defined in Claim 1,
characterized in
that the deflecting element (40, 42, 44) is a baffle plate. - Device as defined in Claim 1,
characterized in
that the deflecting element is a perforated plate (44). - Device as defined in Claim 1,
characterized in
that the deflecting element is a guide ring (40, 42). - Device as defined in Claim 1,
characterized in
that the deflecting element is composed of guide vanes. - Device as defined in at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in
that at least two deflecting elements (40, 42, 44) are placed in different levels of the main combustion chamber (24). - Device as defined in at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in
that the deflecting element (40, 42, 44) is shaped symmetrically to a plane in which the longitudinal axis (18) of the main combuation chamber (24) runs. - Device as defined in at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in
that the deflecting element (40, 42, 44) is shaped in a rotationally symmetrical manner with respect to the longitudinal axis (18). - Device as defined in at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in
the deflecting element (44) is a screen or a resistance grid or a perforated plate or a static mixer. - Device as defined in at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in
that at least two different deflecting elements causing form drag (40, 42, 44) are placed in the main combustion chamber (24). - Device as defined in at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in
that the deflecting element (40, 42) is placed between the outlet of the flame tube (22) and bottom wall (21) of the main combustion chamber (24). - Device as defined in at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in
at least one deflecting element (44) is placed between the flame tube (22) and the side wall (20) of the main combustion chamber (24). - Method for the combustion of oxidizable constituents in a carrier gas to be cleaned in a device (10) comprising a main combustion chamber (24) starting from a flame tube (22) and limited by bottom and side walls (20), in which cleaned gas is diverted by the bottom wall (21) in direction of a combustion chamber outlet (26) preferably coaxially arranged with respect to the flame tube,
characterized in
that the gas leaving the flame tube (22) and flowing in direction of the combustion chamber outlet (26) is directed over the cross section of the main combustion chamber (24) such that an equidirectional flow of the gas takes place, and the combustion over the cross section of the main combustion chamber is uniform. - Method as defined in Claim 13,
characterized in
that the diverted gas is directed without return flows in the main combustion chamber (24) and essentially free of turbulence to the combustion chamber outlet (26).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4306417A DE4306417A1 (en) | 1993-03-02 | 1993-03-02 | Device and method for burning oxidizable components in a carrier gas to be cleaned |
| DE4306417 | 1993-03-02 | ||
| PCT/EP1994/000539 WO1994020792A1 (en) | 1993-03-02 | 1994-02-25 | Device and process for burning oxidisable components in a vehicle gas to be purified |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0686250A1 EP0686250A1 (en) | 1995-12-13 |
| EP0686250B1 true EP0686250B1 (en) | 1998-09-23 |
Family
ID=6481705
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94909051A Expired - Lifetime EP0686250B1 (en) | 1993-03-02 | 1994-02-25 | Device and process for burning oxidisable components in a vehicle gas to be purified |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5709542A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0686250B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE171537T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU684752B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2157502A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ289079B6 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4306417A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2124875T3 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU218077B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994020792A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29612352U1 (en) * | 1996-07-17 | 1997-02-13 | Paul Schneider Rohrleitungsbau und Wärmetechnik GmbH, 96472 Rödental | Combustion chamber for operating a drying system with multifunction burner device and impact device for energy-saving and low-emission drying |
| US5944512A (en) * | 1998-08-10 | 1999-08-31 | Ludwig; Mark | Heating and incineration device |
| FR2785365B1 (en) * | 1998-11-02 | 2000-12-29 | Alstom Technology | COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR PURIFYING A GASEOUS EFFLUENT PROVIDED WITH MECHANICAL MEANS FOR HOMOGENEIZING THE FLOW OF THE SAME |
| DE19937116A1 (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2001-02-08 | Bayer Ag | Moxifloxacin saline formulation |
| US20020164409A1 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-11-07 | Raffael Sandolo | Coffee roasting apparatus and method |
| DE102007006268B3 (en) * | 2007-02-08 | 2008-05-29 | Probat-Werke Von Gimborn Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Device for roasting coffee beans, comprises roasting container formed by rotor bowl and lid device, driving device for rotating rotor bowl, air heater, recirculation device, guide blades, and gap formed between the bowl and the lid device |
| US20080241774A1 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-02 | Pierangelo Ghilardi | Compact apparatus for generating a hot air flow with a gas burner |
| US8784096B2 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2014-07-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Low NOx indirect fire burner |
| DE102010030832B4 (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2014-04-03 | Sgl Carbon Se | Apparatus for HCI synthesis with steam generation |
| CN102721071B (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2014-10-29 | 常州市鼎龙环保设备有限公司 | Waste gas incinerator |
| CN102705817A (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2012-10-03 | 常州市鼎龙环保设备有限公司 | Natural gas combustor for waste gas incinerator |
| US8679561B2 (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2014-03-25 | Loring Smart Roast, Inc. | Smokeless coffee roaster |
| DE102014018178A1 (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-06-09 | Eisenmann Se | Thermal afterburning plant |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH361904A (en) * | 1958-04-18 | 1962-05-15 | Oelfeuerungen Ag | Lining in an oil-fired kettle |
| DE2352204B2 (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1976-01-22 | Katec Katalytische Lufttechnik Betz & Co, 6461 Neuenhaßlau | COMBUSTION DEVICE FOR COMBUSTION OF NUMBERS IN EXHAUST GASES |
| DE7909153U1 (en) * | 1979-03-30 | 1979-07-05 | W. Ernst Haas + Sohn, 6349 Sinn | REVERSE COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR A HEAT EXCHANGER |
| FR2556446B1 (en) * | 1983-12-13 | 1989-03-03 | Heckmann Emile | METHOD FOR THE DEODORIZATION OF GASEOUS EFFLUENTS BY THERMAL OXIDATION IN A PRE-PYROLYSIS AND HEAT RECOVERY GENERATOR, AND GENERATOR FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD |
| SE442053B (en) * | 1984-04-17 | 1985-11-25 | Nils Axel Ambjoern Oestbo | turbulators |
| DE3521044A1 (en) * | 1985-06-12 | 1986-12-18 | Eduard 8491 Windischbergerdorf Wandzel | Incandescent insert for furnaces, in particular heating boilers |
| DE3532232A1 (en) * | 1985-09-10 | 1987-03-19 | Katec Betz Gmbh & Co | DEVICE FOR BURNING OXIDISABLE COMPONENTS IN A CARRIER GAS |
-
1993
- 1993-03-02 DE DE4306417A patent/DE4306417A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-02-25 CA CA002157502A patent/CA2157502A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-02-25 ES ES94909051T patent/ES2124875T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-25 AT AT94909051T patent/ATE171537T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-02-25 DE DE59406977T patent/DE59406977D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-25 HU HU9502521A patent/HU218077B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-02-25 EP EP94909051A patent/EP0686250B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-25 AU AU62056/94A patent/AU684752B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-02-25 US US08/522,228 patent/US5709542A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-25 WO PCT/EP1994/000539 patent/WO1994020792A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-02-25 CZ CZ19952223A patent/CZ289079B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE171537T1 (en) | 1998-10-15 |
| HUT72856A (en) | 1996-05-28 |
| CZ222395A3 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
| DE4306417A1 (en) | 1994-09-08 |
| AU6205694A (en) | 1994-09-26 |
| US5709542A (en) | 1998-01-20 |
| HU9502521D0 (en) | 1995-10-30 |
| ES2124875T3 (en) | 1999-02-16 |
| CZ289079B6 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
| EP0686250A1 (en) | 1995-12-13 |
| HU218077B (en) | 2000-05-28 |
| DE59406977D1 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
| AU684752B2 (en) | 1998-01-08 |
| CA2157502A1 (en) | 1994-09-15 |
| WO1994020792A1 (en) | 1994-09-15 |
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