EP0683835B1 - Structural insert for providing root-space protection - Google Patents
Structural insert for providing root-space protection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0683835B1 EP0683835B1 EP94930905A EP94930905A EP0683835B1 EP 0683835 B1 EP0683835 B1 EP 0683835B1 EP 94930905 A EP94930905 A EP 94930905A EP 94930905 A EP94930905 A EP 94930905A EP 0683835 B1 EP0683835 B1 EP 0683835B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- root
- structural insert
- parts
- insert according
- cover
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004262 dental pulp cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C9/00—Special pavings; Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields
- E01C9/004—Pavings specially adapted for allowing vegetation
- E01C9/005—Coverings around trees forming part of the road
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a component set for the production of root protection according to the generic term of claim 1.
- a root protection (also called tree wreath) shows one in foundation frame that can be lowered into the ground (also basic element into which a tree is planted with its root and protectively surrounds the root.
- the ground also basic element into which a tree is planted with its root and protectively surrounds the root.
- the cover consists of elements in the manner of a composition game are put together.
- DE-U-9 014 587 discloses a component set mentioned, in which a part of the base element by a concrete ring is formed. For root penetration points this concrete ring on root canals.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to To create means by which a root canal protection without the mentioned disadvantages can be produced and in the simpler Way the slope of the cover the slope of the adjacent Traffic area is customizable.
- the base element 1 shown in Fig. 1 is transverse to it Vertical axis 2 divided into three parts 3, 4.
- the two lower parts are the same, whereas the top part 3 in the Form deviates and is provided with a version 5, in which a cover (Fig. 6) can be inserted.
- Four threaded shafts 6 connect the uppermost part 3 with the one connected below Part 4.
- the distance between these two parts 3, 4 is by not visible, screwed onto the threaded shafts 6
- Adjustable nuts By adjusting this Nuts can refer to the slope of the top part 3 the vertical axis changed and the inclination of the adjacent Traffic area to be adjusted.
- Spacers 7 hold the lower parts 4 distanced and form passage openings 8, through which the roots of a planted tree in the surrounding soil can grow through.
- Fig. 1 Like Fig.
- FIG. 2 shows, depending on the desired for the base element 1 Depth to the top part 3 down one or more connect the frame-shaped parts 4. It's all over Depth of the root canal protection no lateral root emerges desired, the parts 4 are placed directly on top of each other (Fig. 2b to 2d); otherwise, standoff 7 between the parts 4 placed (Fig. 3). But only up to one certain depth under the traffic area no lateral Root emergence occurs (for example, to hump up avoid the traffic area through the tree root), the parts 4 to each other down to this depth placed and only in greater depth using the Spacer 7 distanced.
- Fig. 4d shows the same basic element as Fig. 1.
- the top part 3 in different ways Embodiments available.
- 4a to 4c show one octagonal, hexagonal or quadrangular frame shape for the cover. All top 3 are independent of their shape, the distances 9 'of the guides 9 for the threaded shafts 6 and the shape of the sockets 5 are the same. Consequently can optionally on the parts 3 by means of the threaded shafts 6 one of the parts shown in Fig. 4 are attached.
- the parts 3 can instead of in concrete also in cast iron or be made in another material and by the Material selection to be adapted to the environment of the tree.
- the the same applies to the cover 10 shown in FIGS. 5a and 5c consists of cast iron and in Fig. 5b with a paving stone covering is blinded.
- FIG. 6a and 6b show covers made of cast iron or Concrete.
- corner ornaments 11 shown in connection with part 3 according to FIG. 4c are usable. These corner ornaments 11 are in that Part (Fig. 4c) in stylistic accordance with that in the version 5 inserted cover 10 selected and in corresponding Recesses 12 inserted, in which they with the Surface of the base element are flush.
- the frame-shaped parts 3 and 4 can consist of two or four assembled to the vertical axis 2 radially symmetrical segments be. Likewise, the cover 10, which consists of at least two segments must exist.
- the component set also has the advantage that its appearance is fashion conditional changes in taste adaptable with little effort is by only parts 3 and the cover 10 need to be adapted to a new fashion form.
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Bauteilsatz zur Herstellung eines Wurzelraumschutzes gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a component set for the production of root protection according to the generic term of claim 1.
Ein Wurzelraumschutz (auch Baumkranz genannt) weist einen in der Erde versenkbaren Fundamentrahmen (auch Basiselement genannt) auf, in den ein Baum mit seiner Wurzel eingepflanzt wird und der die Wurzel schützend umgibt. Im Bereich der den Baum umgebenden Verkehrsfläche ist das Basiselement mit einer Fassung versehen, in die nach dem Pflanzen des Baumes eine mindestens zweiteilige Abdeckung einlegbar ist, die eine den Baumstamm umgebende Öffnung aufweist. Die Abdeckung besteht aus Elementen, die nach Art eines Zusammensetzspiels zusammenfügbar sind. Bei der Abdeckung des in den DE-A-40 09 612 und 40 09 613 gezeigten Wurzelraumschutzes können die Elemente beim Einlegen in die Fassung unterschiedlich zusammengefügt oder gegenseitig verdreht und damit die Exzentrizität der Stammöffnung gewählt werden. Dieser Wurzelraumschutz hat indessen den Nachteil, dass das Basiselement hinsichtlich Grösse, insbesondere hinsichtlich seiner Tiefe fest vorgegebenen ist. Auch die Wurzeldurchtrittsöffnungen in der Wand des Basiselementes sind fest vorgegeben. Dabei ist der damit schützbare Wurzel raum der Wurzelform des Baumes nicht anpassbar, was dessen Wachstum beeinträchtigt. Ebenso kann die Tiefe des seitlichen Wurzelaustritts aus dem Basiselement nicht den Anforderungen des Strassenbauingenieurs angepasst werden, so dass die Gefahr besteht, dass einzelne der Baumwurzeln in zu geringer Tiefe austreten und den Strassenbelag anheben. Die DE-U-9 014 587 offenbart einen genannten Bauteilsatz, bei dem ein Teil des Basiselements durch einen Betonring gebildet ist. Für den Wurzeldurchtritt weist dieser Betonring Wurzelkanäle auf.A root protection (also called tree wreath) shows one in foundation frame that can be lowered into the ground (also basic element into which a tree is planted with its root and protectively surrounds the root. In the area of the Traffic area surrounding the tree is the basic element with a version in which after planting the tree an at least two-part cover can be inserted, the has an opening surrounding the tree trunk. The cover consists of elements in the manner of a composition game are put together. When covering the in DE-A-40 09 612 and 40 09 613 shown root canal protection can Elements put together differently when inserted into the socket or twisted each other and thus the eccentricity the trunk opening. This root space protection has the disadvantage, however, that the base element in terms of size, especially in terms of its depth is fixed. Even the root openings are fixed in the wall of the base element. Here is the root space of the root form of the Tree is not adaptable, which impairs its growth. Likewise, the depth of the lateral root exit from the Basic element does not meet the requirements of the road construction engineer be adjusted so that there is a risk that some of the tree roots emerge at a shallow depth and raise the road surface. DE-U-9 014 587 discloses a component set mentioned, in which a part of the base element by a concrete ring is formed. For root penetration points this concrete ring on root canals.
Zur Beseitigung dieser Nachteile ist ein Wurzelraumschutz bekannt geworden, bei dem das Basiselement aus im Querschnitt rechteckigen Betonbalken aufgebaut ist. Beim Aufbau werden auf den ebenen Boden einer Grube blockhausartig parallele Balkenpaare um jeweils 90° gedreht aufeinander gelegt, bis das Basiselement die gewünschte Höhe hat. Die offenen Stellen in den vier Wänden des Basiselementes werden dort wo kein Wurzelaustritt erfolgen darf mit etwas kleineren Balken gleichen Querschnitts verschlossen. Dieses Basiselement hat den Nachteil geringer Eigenstabilität und könnte auf Dauer die darauf wirkende Verkehrsbelastung nicht zureichend aufnehmen. Die Abdeckung wird daher auf einem das Basiselement umgebenden Pfahlfundament abgestützt, wozu auf die Pfähle ein Rahmen mit einer die Abdeckung aufnehmenden Fassung befestigt wird. Weiter ist es bei diesem Wurzelraumschutz nicht möglich, das Basiselement zur Bildung eines Randsteins über die Verkehrsfläche hinaus vorstehen zu lassen.To eliminate these disadvantages is root protection become known in which the base element from in cross section rectangular concrete beam is built. When building become blockhouse-like on the flat floor of a pit parallel pairs of bars rotated 90 ° on top of each other placed until the base element has the desired height. The vacancies in the four walls of the base element where no root emergence may occur with slightly smaller ones Bars of the same cross section closed. This basic element has the disadvantage of low inherent stability and could in the long run the traffic load acting on it is insufficient record, tape. The cover is therefore on the one Base element surrounding the pile foundation supported, for what purpose the piles form a frame with a covering for the cover Socket is attached. It is further with this root protection not possible the base element to form a Randstein protrude beyond the traffic area to let.
Bei allen bekannten Einrichtungen zum Schutze des Wurzelraumes ist der nach dem Einbau sichtbare Teil nur beschränkt dem Stil der umgebenden Verkehrsfläche anpassbar.In all known devices for protecting the root area the part visible after installation is only limited adaptable to the style of the surrounding traffic area.
Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich daher die Aufgabe, Mittel zu schaffen, mit denen ein Wurzelraumschutz ohne die genannten Nachteile herstellbar ist und bei dem in einfacher Weise die Neigung des Abdeckung der Neigung der angrenzenden Verkehrsfläche anpassbar ist.The object of the present invention is therefore to To create means by which a root canal protection without the mentioned disadvantages can be produced and in the simpler Way the slope of the cover the slope of the adjacent Traffic area is customizable.
Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by Features of claim 1 solved.
Anhand der beiliegenden schematischen Zeichnung wird die Erfindung beispielsweise erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- ein aus mehreren Bauteilen zusammengesetztes Basiselement,
- Fig. 2 und 3
- verschiedene mit den Bauteilsatz herstellbare Ausführungsformen des Basiselementes, wobei der oberste, die Fassung aufweisende Teil weggelassen ist,
- Fig. 4
- das Basiselement nach Fig. 1 mit verschiedenen die Fassung aufweisenden Teilen,
- Fig. 5
- weitere Ausführungsformen des die Fassung aufweisenden Teils des Basiselementes mit in die Fassung eingelegter Abdeckung und
- Fig. 6
- weitere Ausführungsformen der Abdeckung.
- Fig. 1
- a base element composed of several components,
- 2 and 3
- Various embodiments of the base element that can be produced with the component set, the uppermost part having the holder being omitted,
- Fig. 4
- 1 with various parts having the socket,
- Fig. 5
- further embodiments of the part of the base element having the holder with the cover inserted into the holder and
- Fig. 6
- further embodiments of the cover.
Das in Fig. 1 gezeigte Basiselement 1 ist quer zu seiner
Vertikalachse 2 in drei Teile 3, 4 geteilt. Die beiden
unteren Teile sind gleich, wogegen das oberste Teil 3 in der
Form abweicht und mit einer Fassung 5 versehen ist, in die
eine Abdeckung (Fig. 6) einlegbar ist. Vier Gewindeschäfte 6
verbinden das oberste Teil 3 mit dem nach unten anschliessenden
Teil 4. Der Abstand zwischen diesen beiden Teilen 3,
4 ist durch nicht sichtbare, auf die Gewindeschäfte 6 aufgeschraubte
Muttern einstellbar. Durch ein Verstellen dieser
Muttern kann die Neigung des obersten Teils 3 mit Bezug auf
die Vertikalachse verändert und der Neigung der angrenzenden
Verkehrsfläche angepasst werden. Abstandhalter 7 halten die
unteren Teile 4 distanziert und bilden Durchtrittsöffnungen
8, durch welche die Wurzeln eines eingepflanzten Baumes in
das umgebende Erdreich hindurchwachsen können. Wie Fig. 2
zeigt, können je nach der für das Basiselement 1 gewünschten
Tiefe an das oberste Teil 3 nach unten eines oder mehrere
der rahmenförmigen Teile 4 anschliessen. Ist über die ganze
Tiefe des Wurzelraumschutzes kein seitlicher Wurzel austritt
erwünscht, werden die Teile 4 unmittelbar aufeinander gelegt
(Fig. 2b bis 2d); andernfalls werden Abstanhalter 7 zwischen
die Teile 4 gelegt (Fig. 3). Darf aber nur bis zu einer
bestimmten Tiefe unter der Verkehrsfläche kein seitlicher
Wurzelaustritt erfolgen (um beispielsweise ein Aufbuckeln
der Verkehrsfläche durch die Baumwurzel zu vermeiden),
werden die Teile 4 bis in diese Tiefe unmittelbar aufeinander
gelegt und erst in grösserer Tiefe mittels der
Abstandhalter 7 distanziert.The base element 1 shown in Fig. 1 is transverse to it
Vertical axis 2 divided into three
Fig. 4d zeigt das gleiche Basiselement wie Fig. 1. Um dessen
Erscheinungsbild stilistisch der Umgebung des Baumes anpassen
zu können ist das oberste Teil 3 in verschiedenen
Ausführungsformen vorhanden. Die Fig. 4a bis 4c zeigen eine
acht-, eine sechs- bzw. viereckige Rahmenform für die Abdeckung.
Bei allen obersten Teilen 3 sind unabhängig von
ihrer Form die Abstände 9' der Führungen 9 für die Gewindeschäfte
6 sowie die Form der Fassungen 5 gleich. Somit
können auf die Teile 3 mittels der Gewindeschäfte 6 wahlweise
einer der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Teile angebracht werden.Fig. 4d shows the same basic element as Fig. 1. For its
Adapt the appearance stylistically to the surroundings of the tree
the
Die Teile 3 können anstatt in Beton auch in Gusseisen oder
in einem anderen Material hergestellt sein und durch die
Materialwahl der Umgebung des Baumes angepasst werden. Das
gleiche gilt für die Abdeckung 10, die in den Fig. 5a und 5c
aus Gusseisen besteht und in Fig. 5b mit einem Pflastersteinbelag
verblendet ist.The
Die Fig. 6a bzw. 6b zeigen Abdeckungen aus Gusseisen bzw.
Beton. Nebst den Abdeckungen 10 sind noch Eckverzierungen 11
gezeigt, die in Verbindung mit dem Teil 3 gemäss Fig. 4c
verwendbar sind. Diese Eckverzierungen 11 werden bei jenem
Teil (Fig. 4c) in stilistischer Übereinstimmung mit der in
der Fassung 5 eingelgten Abdeckung 10 ausgewählt und in entsprechende
Ausnehmungen 12 eingelegt, in denen sie mit der
Oberfläche des Basiselementes bündig sind.6a and 6b show covers made of cast iron or
Concrete. In addition to the
Die rahmenförmigen Teile 3 und 4 können aus zwei oder vier
zur Vertikalachse 2 radial symmetrischen Segmenten zusammengesetzt
sein. Ebenso die Abdeckung 10, wobei diese aus mindestens
zwei Segmenten bestehen muss.The frame-shaped
Trotz der vergleichsweise geringen Zahl verschiedener Bauteile
können mit dem beschriebenen Bauteilsatz eine Vielzahl
unterschiedlicher Baumkränze hinsichtlich Tiefe, Lage der
Wurzelaustrittsöffnungen, des Erscheinungsbildes und der
Neigung der Verkehrsfläche angefertigt werden. Der Bauteilsatz
hat zudem den Vorteil, dass sein Erscheinungsbild Mode
bedingten Änderungen des Geschmackes mit wenig Aufwand anpassbar
ist, indem lediglich die Teile 3 und die Abdeckung
10 einer neuen Modeform angepasst werden müssen.Despite the comparatively small number of different components
can do a lot with the described component set
different tree wreaths in terms of depth, location of the
Root outlet openings, the appearance and the
Inclination of the traffic area. The component set
also has the advantage that its appearance is fashion
conditional changes in taste adaptable with little effort
is by
Claims (8)
- A structural insert for providing root-space protection comprising a base element (1) encompassing the root-space and provided with a mounting (5) to receive a cover (10) comprising a trunk-space, the base element (1) being divided in at least two parts (3, 4) positioned one on the top of the other, the uppermost part comprising the mounting and whereby spacer blocks (6) are positioned between the uppermost part (3) and the following lower part (4), characterized in that the spacer blocks (6) are displaceable to adjust the slope of the upper part (3) in relation to the vertical mounted axis (2).
- A structural insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer blocks (6) comprise threaded bolts which range of action is adjustable using a nut thread.
- A structural insert according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that further spacer elements (7) are provided between further parts (4).
- A structural insert according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the parts (3, 4) are frames.
- A structural insert according to claim 4, characterized in that all parts (4) besides the uppermost part (3) have all the same height.
- A structural insert according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the uppermost part (3) and the cover (10) are made of the same or different materials.
- A structural insert according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the uppermost part (3) and the further lower positioned parts (4) are made of the same or different materials.
- A structural insert according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the base element (1) is divided in segments which are symmetrical in relation to a plane of symmetry containing the vertical axis (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH03667/93A CH687290A5 (en) | 1993-12-09 | 1993-12-09 | The set of parts for producing a root zone protection. |
| CH3667/93 | 1993-12-09 | ||
| PCT/CH1994/000218 WO1995016077A1 (en) | 1993-12-09 | 1994-11-09 | Structural insert for providing root-space protection |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0683835A1 EP0683835A1 (en) | 1995-11-29 |
| EP0683835B1 true EP0683835B1 (en) | 1998-07-08 |
Family
ID=4260920
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94930905A Expired - Lifetime EP0683835B1 (en) | 1993-12-09 | 1994-11-09 | Structural insert for providing root-space protection |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5704159A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0683835B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1117747A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE168152T1 (en) |
| CH (1) | CH687290A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59406417D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995016077A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29604750U1 (en) * | 1996-03-14 | 1996-05-09 | Schwenk Betontech Gmbh & Co | Precast set for the variable design of support and / or separating devices in the building industry |
| FI101340B (en) * | 1996-05-29 | 1998-06-15 | Immonen Toimi Antero | planting Box |
| DE19808092A1 (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-09-10 | Schwenk Betontech Gmbh & Co | Tree-planting equipment alongside roads etc |
| DE10028721C2 (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2002-12-12 | Georg Langer Blechwarenfabrik | Covering assembly |
| US8186684B2 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2012-05-29 | Sportsfield Specialties, Inc. | Form for constructing a thrower's circle |
| US8065831B2 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2011-11-29 | DeepRoot Infrastructure, LLC | Stackable structural cell having improved support characteristics |
| CN103541455B (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2015-11-18 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of method cushioning concrete structure and clash into |
| AU2016304897A1 (en) | 2015-08-11 | 2018-01-25 | Paul Anthony Iorio | Stormwater biofiltration system and method |
| US20180228094A1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2018-08-16 | Mmt, Inc. | Tree Frame and Grate System with a Liner and Method to Improve Growth of Vegetation in an Urban Environment |
| EP3347523B1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2020-06-10 | Paul Anthony Iorio | Tree frame and grate system |
| CN107841967A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-27 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of municipal works Equipment Foundations module |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3318476A (en) * | 1965-01-26 | 1967-05-09 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Junction unit for underfloor wire distribution system |
| DE2212903C3 (en) * | 1972-03-17 | 1978-06-01 | Hermann 6581 Allenbach Ehrhard | Height-adjustable manhole cover |
| US3858998A (en) * | 1972-08-22 | 1975-01-07 | Folke Larsson | Manhole frame |
| DE2317216A1 (en) * | 1973-04-06 | 1974-10-17 | Hoetzel Beton Gmbh | TREE PROTECTION MADE OF CONCRETE |
| DE2445721A1 (en) * | 1974-09-25 | 1976-04-08 | Winfried Rathgeber | Manhole cover with adjustable height - has split frame with bolts for lifting cover level with road surface |
| US4308688A (en) * | 1980-03-03 | 1982-01-05 | Revane Thomas L | Tree well cover |
| US4627191A (en) * | 1985-08-05 | 1986-12-09 | Bergere Emric W | Article for treating soil around growing plants |
| DE8608185U1 (en) * | 1986-03-25 | 1986-05-28 | Mall Beton GmbH, 7710 Donaueschingen | Precast concrete shaft for plant pits |
| US4858378A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-08-22 | Helmy Ibrahim F | Landscaping system |
| DE8805141U1 (en) * | 1988-04-19 | 1988-06-09 | Niederdreisbacherhuette Gmbh, 5241 Niederdreisbach, De | |
| DE4009612A1 (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1990-10-31 | Hermann A Dreyer | Protecting ring with foundation frame |
| US4986025A (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1991-01-22 | Imp William A | Landscape apparatus |
| GB9017941D0 (en) * | 1990-08-15 | 1990-09-26 | Mcgregor Robert P | Conduit access covers |
| DE9014587U1 (en) * | 1990-10-22 | 1991-01-03 | Hess, Juergen, 7730 Villingen-Schwenningen, De | |
| FR2673654B1 (en) * | 1991-03-05 | 1993-07-02 | Waguet Reine | METHOD OF ENHANCING FRAMES AND ELEMENTS FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION. |
-
1993
- 1993-12-09 CH CH03667/93A patent/CH687290A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-11-09 CN CN94191127.6A patent/CN1117747A/en active Pending
- 1994-11-09 AT AT94930905T patent/ATE168152T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-11-09 DE DE59406417T patent/DE59406417D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-09 WO PCT/CH1994/000218 patent/WO1995016077A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-11-09 EP EP94930905A patent/EP0683835B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-09 US US08/464,903 patent/US5704159A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1995016077A1 (en) | 1995-06-15 |
| CN1117747A (en) | 1996-02-28 |
| DE59406417D1 (en) | 1998-08-13 |
| EP0683835A1 (en) | 1995-11-29 |
| CH687290A5 (en) | 1996-11-15 |
| ATE168152T1 (en) | 1998-07-15 |
| US5704159A (en) | 1998-01-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19950704 |
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