EP0680585A1 - Electric boiler for heat transfer liquid circulating in an open or closed system - Google Patents
Electric boiler for heat transfer liquid circulating in an open or closed systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP0680585A1 EP0680585A1 EP95902177A EP95902177A EP0680585A1 EP 0680585 A1 EP0680585 A1 EP 0680585A1 EP 95902177 A EP95902177 A EP 95902177A EP 95902177 A EP95902177 A EP 95902177A EP 0680585 A1 EP0680585 A1 EP 0680585A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plates
- faces
- block
- heating
- heating block
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
- F24H1/121—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium using electric energy supply
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new type of boiler making it possible to bring a heat transfer liquid to a predetermined temperature.
- such exchangers are in the form of an assembly comprising plates having on their two faces corrugations, for example in the form of
- the heating block will be in the form of a parallelepiped assembly having a thickness significantly greater than the elementary plates making it possible to incorporate a heating resistor in its middle part.
- the heating block can comprise a single resistance, but its structure also makes it possible to envisage incorporating into the latter three electrical resistances connected to a three-phase source.
- such a heating block will have a thickness of fifteen to twenty millimeters, while the stamped elementary plates disposed on either side of said block have, in turn, a thickness in the order of three millimeters ( distance between the undulations of each face).
- the heating block is made of all heat conducting materials, in particular in materials such as metals (aluminum for example), graphite, plastics, composite materials.
- Such a block is preferably obtained by molding, an armored electrical resistance being incorporated during this operation.
- the ribs or corrugations, in the form of chevrons, as well as the peripheral groove on one of the faces for the installation of a seal, elements which correspond to those of an elementary plate stamped with a plate exchanger. are also carried out during this molding operation, although it could be envisaged to carry out later by machining.
- the two outer surfaces of said heating block can optionally receive a surface treatment depending on the nature of the liquid flowing against these walls. Such a treatment can be carried out with a coating of polyethylene tetrafluoroethylene, chromium, nickel among others.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing the general structure of the simplest form of a boiler produced in accordance with the invention, the bottoms and tie rods making it possible to associate the various elements involved in the production of a such a boiler not being represented by simplification measure;
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are elevational views of the two faces of the heating block according to the invention used in the production of such a boiler;
- FIG. 3 is a detail view of the circled part of Figure 2A, showing in section the structure of said heating block;
- FIG. 4 and 5 illustrate a variant of a boiler according to the invention comprising two juxtaposed heating blocks, in order to increase the power as well as the different types of fluid circulation which it is possible to obtain by means of a such a boiler.
- the boiler according to the invention which makes it possible to bring to a predetermined temperature a heat transfer liquid (FC) circulating in a circuit which can be opened or closed, has the following structure.
- FC heat transfer liquid
- this boiler consists essentially of two stamped plates (P) having on their two faces, corrugations, for example in the form of chevrons oriented in the same direction.
- These plates (P) have in their corners openings which delimit, when stacked, inlet and outlet passages allowing the circulation of a fluid, circulation obtained by means of a peripheral seal (J) associated with one of the faces of each plate (P).
- a heating block (I) is interposed which is in the form of a homogeneous block inside which an electrical resistance (R) is embedded, and this in its middle part (see Figures 2a, 2b and 3).
- This resistance is of the armored type and its incorporation is carried out during the molding of the block (I), block which can be based on all conductive materials such as metal (aluminum), graphite, plastic material.
- this block (I) as well as the structure of these external faces (A, B), correspond to those of the stamped elementary plates (P), except that the corrugations in the form of chevrons present on its faces external (A, B), are oriented in opposite directions, which has the advantage, as will be seen in the following description, of being able to optionally juxtapose several heating blocks when it is desired to increase the power while having electrical connections arranged on the same side of the plates.
- the liquid (FC) s 'therefore flows against the surface of the heating block (I) in the channels formed by the cooperation of the corrugations which have the faces of said block (I) with those which comprise the facing surfaces of the pressed plates (P).
- an electric boiler according to the invention using two conventional stamped elementary plates (P) for the production of heat exchangers having a dimension of 350 ⁇ 102 and a thickness taken between the tops undulations of said plate of the order of three millimeters, by interposing between two elementary plates (P) a heating block (I) having a thickness of fifteen millimeters inside which is embedded a heating resistor of the armored type, having a diameter of about 6.5 mm and a power of 3000 watts / 220 volts.
- the resistor (R) has a configuration such that it extends in the middle part of the heating block, and this inside the surface defined by the peripheral seal (I). Such a design makes it easy to make boilers that are easy to assemble from elements that can be mass produced.
- such a design also makes it possible to easily adapt the power of the boiler as required.
- the power being directly proportional to the number of heating blocks, it is possible to increase it by juxtaposing a determined number of modules, as illustrated in FIG. 2 (two stamped plates, one heating block), the circulation of heat transfer fluid always carried out between the heating blocks and the pressed plates.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 Another possibility for increasing the power of the boiler can consist, as is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, of juxtaposing several heating plates, the total power also being proportional to the number of heating blocks (I).
- the elementary stamped plates (P) two in number, enclose between them two heating blocks (I) juxtaposed. It is obvious that a boiler could be produced comprising a larger number of juxtaposed heating blocks (I).
- FIG. 5 illustrates the same type of boiler adapted to a low fluid flow rate but with a large temperature difference, the circulation of the fluid then being carried out in series (multi-pass circulation). To do this, it suffices alternately to close the openings (3) and (6) of the successive plates.
- the heat exchange between the heating block (s) and the liquid in circulation is practically perfect, uniform, without point of overheating, such as for example the temperature difference between the faces of said heating block is only about 2 ° C. for a temperature at 90 ° C.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, but it covers all the variants produced in the same spirit.
- it could be envisaged to have a heating block in which the corrugations on the two faces (A, B) are oriented in the same direction, but then the electrical assembly would be complicated.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Table Equipment (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9314351 | 1993-11-25 | ||
FR9314351A FR2712964B1 (en) | 1993-11-25 | 1993-11-25 | Electric boiler for heat transfer liquid circulating in an open or closed circuit. |
PCT/FR1994/001377 WO1995014893A1 (en) | 1993-11-25 | 1994-11-25 | Electric boiler for heat transfer liquid circulating in an open or closed system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0680585A1 true EP0680585A1 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
EP0680585B1 EP0680585B1 (en) | 1998-05-27 |
Family
ID=9453398
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95902177A Expired - Lifetime EP0680585B1 (en) | 1993-11-25 | 1994-11-25 | Electric boiler for heat transfer liquid circulating in an open or closed system |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5727118A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0680585B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE166711T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2154360A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69410594T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0680585T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2119367T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2712964B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995014893A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2305233A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-04-02 | Welwyn Components Ltd | Water heater with thick film printed circuit |
CA2294103C (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 2007-01-16 | Micro-Heat, Inc. | Windshield de-icing |
FR2775066B1 (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 2000-06-02 | Joel Bucaille | PLATE FOR FORMING AN EXCHANGER AND METHOD OF USE |
AUPP410598A0 (en) | 1998-06-15 | 1998-07-09 | Aos Pty Ltd | Heat exchangers |
AU768717C (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 2004-07-01 | Rheem Australia Pty Limited | Water heater and water heater component construction |
US6669109B2 (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2003-12-30 | Micro-Heat Inc | Apparatus for cleaning or de-icing a vehicle window |
JP2003517559A (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2003-05-27 | リーム オーストラリア ピーティーワイ リミテッド | Water heater and water heater member structure |
AUPQ792400A0 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2000-06-29 | Southcorp Australia Pty Ltd | Improved heat exchange element |
SE516844C3 (en) * | 2000-07-07 | 2002-04-17 | Alfa Laval Ab | Plate heat / plate heat exchanger with electrically heated layers in double wall plate elements |
FR2823995B1 (en) * | 2001-04-25 | 2008-06-06 | Alfa Laval Vicarb | IMPROVED DEVICE FOR EXCHANGING AND / OR REACTING BETWEEN FLUIDS |
BR0209595A (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2006-01-17 | Microheat Inc | System and method for cleaning or defogging a windshield |
DE20211040U1 (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2002-11-21 | Elite Plus Int L Inc | energy exchanger |
BR0315451A (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2005-08-09 | Microheat Inc | Device and method for cleaning or defrosting vehicle components |
CZ2006518A3 (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2007-03-21 | Microheat Inc. | Apparatus for and method of cleaning or de-icing |
TW200738328A (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-16 | Lonza Ag | Micro-reactor system assembly |
JP5059858B2 (en) | 2006-07-24 | 2012-10-31 | エム−ヒート インベスターズ,リミティド ライアビリティ カンパニー | Vehicle surface cleaning and deicing systems and methods |
WO2010017095A2 (en) * | 2008-08-06 | 2010-02-11 | Hotset Corporation | Fluid preheater |
EP2689945B1 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2017-05-31 | MAHLE Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Heating device |
EP2757336B1 (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2017-11-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Heat exchanger with optimised heat transmission and heating device with such a heat exchanger |
EP2957848A1 (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2015-12-23 | Alfa Laval Corporate AB | A heater and a heat exchanger installation |
DE102015012557A1 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | Webasto SE | Heat exchanger and vehicle heater with a heat exchanger |
CN111425839A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-07-17 | 陶礼德 | Module integrated quick heating type electric boiler main machine and manufacturing process thereof |
RS64264B1 (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-07-31 | Alfa Laval Corp Ab | Heat transfer plate |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE415928B (en) * | 1979-01-17 | 1980-11-10 | Alfa Laval Ab | PLATTVERMEVEXLARE |
NL8700430A (en) * | 1987-02-20 | 1988-09-16 | Texas Instruments Holland | HEATING DEVICE FOR FUEL, IN PARTICULAR DIESEL OIL. |
FR2689227B1 (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1999-05-14 | Joel Bucaille | DEVICE FOR THERMAL REGULATION OF A FLUID IN CIRCULATION. |
-
1993
- 1993-11-25 FR FR9314351A patent/FR2712964B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-11-25 EP EP95902177A patent/EP0680585B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-25 CA CA002154360A patent/CA2154360A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-11-25 AT AT95902177T patent/ATE166711T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-11-25 US US08/491,932 patent/US5727118A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-25 ES ES95902177T patent/ES2119367T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-25 WO PCT/FR1994/001377 patent/WO1995014893A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-11-25 DE DE69410594T patent/DE69410594T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-25 DK DK95902177T patent/DK0680585T3/en active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9514893A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2712964A1 (en) | 1995-06-02 |
FR2712964B1 (en) | 1995-12-29 |
EP0680585B1 (en) | 1998-05-27 |
ES2119367T3 (en) | 1998-10-01 |
WO1995014893A1 (en) | 1995-06-01 |
CA2154360A1 (en) | 1995-06-01 |
DE69410594D1 (en) | 1998-07-02 |
DK0680585T3 (en) | 1999-03-22 |
US5727118A (en) | 1998-03-10 |
ATE166711T1 (en) | 1998-06-15 |
DE69410594T2 (en) | 1999-03-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0680585B1 (en) | Electric boiler for heat transfer liquid circulating in an open or closed system | |
EP3032736B1 (en) | Method for manufacturing a hybrid solar panel | |
EP0119502B1 (en) | Thermoelectric plant | |
EP2185046B1 (en) | Boiler for machine for the preparation of hot drinks | |
FR2705445A1 (en) | Plate heat exchanger. | |
EP0165179B1 (en) | Plate-type heat exchanger and plate for its manufacture | |
FR2938020A1 (en) | HEAT EXCHANGER OF EXHAUST GAS OF A THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR | |
FR3086048A1 (en) | THERMAL REGULATION DEVICE, ESPECIALLY COOLING | |
WO2019008000A1 (en) | Device for thermally controlling battery modules | |
FR2945106A1 (en) | MODULAR ELEMENT FOR A RADIATOR WITH A HEAT PUMP AND AN ELECTRICAL RADIATOR COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH ELEMENT | |
FR2989841A1 (en) | THERMAL CONTROL DEVICE FOR BATTERY MODULE. | |
WO2012004472A1 (en) | Device for generating current and/or voltage based on a thermoelectric module placed in a flowing fluid | |
FR2866699A1 (en) | Heat exchanger for transferring heat energy, has plates connected together such that outer and inner edges are joined to form single block circuit, and circulation unit circulating fluid between other outer edges and sides of plates | |
WO2016046171A1 (en) | Device for thermal processing of a fluid, having reduced energy consumption | |
FR2657954A1 (en) | Heat exchange device with flat plates and with mixers | |
FR3041159A1 (en) | THERMO ELECTRIC MODULE AND DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR GENERATING AN ELECTRICAL CURRENT IN A MOTOR VEHICLE | |
BE516447A (en) | ||
FR2967488A1 (en) | Extrusion-blown polymer or glass parison nest plate for e.g. fluid-gas heat exchanger in diesel engine's exhaust gas cooling field, has external couplers provided on opposite ends of central area whose channels are separated by partitions | |
WO2015007960A1 (en) | Thermoelectric generator | |
FR2608746A1 (en) | HEAT EXCHANGER WITH SPIRAL EXCHANGE CIRCUITS; RIB PLATE FOR SUCH AN EXCHANGER | |
FR3085544A1 (en) | THERMAL REGULATION DEVICE, ESPECIALLY COOLING | |
WO2017046489A1 (en) | Thermoelectric device, in particular for generating an electric current in a motor vehicle | |
FR3097954A1 (en) | Plate constituting a heat exchanger and heat exchanger comprising at least one such plate | |
FR3083301A1 (en) | HEATER BLOCK ASSEMBLED BY BRAZING | |
WO2017032527A1 (en) | Thermoelectric module for a thermoelectric generator and device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IE IT LI NL PT SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19951115 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19970129 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: VICARB |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IE IT LI NL PT SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 166711 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19980615 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69410594 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19980702 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: ING. A. GIAMBROCONO & C. S.R.L. |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19980729 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: FRENCH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2119367 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: SC4A Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION Effective date: 19980817 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20021018 Year of fee payment: 9 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20021018 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20021021 Year of fee payment: 9 Ref country code: DK Payment date: 20021021 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Payment date: 20021025 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Payment date: 20021029 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20021108 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20021112 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20021118 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20021119 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20021128 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20021212 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031125 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031125 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031125 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031126 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031126 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031130 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031130 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031130 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031201 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *VICARB Effective date: 20031130 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040531 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040601 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040602 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: EBP |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20031125 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040730 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20040601 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: MM4A Free format text: LAPSE DUE TO NON-PAYMENT OF FEES Effective date: 20040531 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20031126 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20051125 |