EP0679115B2 - Magnetisches rühren mittels wechselstrom für das kontinuierliche giessen vom metallen - Google Patents

Magnetisches rühren mittels wechselstrom für das kontinuierliche giessen vom metallen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0679115B2
EP0679115B2 EP94904542A EP94904542A EP0679115B2 EP 0679115 B2 EP0679115 B2 EP 0679115B2 EP 94904542 A EP94904542 A EP 94904542A EP 94904542 A EP94904542 A EP 94904542A EP 0679115 B2 EP0679115 B2 EP 0679115B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stirring
molten metal
magnetic field
meniscus
rotating magnetic
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94904542A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0679115B1 (de
EP0679115A1 (de
Inventor
Leonid Beitelman
Joseph A. Mulcahy
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ABB Inc
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ABB Inc Canada
ABB Inc USA
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Application filed by ABB Inc Canada, ABB Inc USA filed Critical ABB Inc Canada
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the continuous casting of metals and alloys, for example, steel.
  • Electromagnetic stirring of liquid steel within the mold is broadly employed in continuous casting mainly to improve quality of the strand surface/sub-surface and solidification structure (i.e., structure refinement, soundness and chemical homogeneity).
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-23554 describes a method of decreasing the intensity of stirring in the meniscus region by means of an induction coil arranged on the mold adjacent to that region and providing rotating stirring motion opposite to that induced by the main EMS coil arranged below.
  • the main drawback of this method is that the induction coil adjacent to the meniscus region provides only a deceleration of the stirring velocity produced by EMS. In the case when an intensive stirring action within the meniscus region is required, this method would need to relinquish its decelerating action by de-energizing the coil. The coil is not intended to enhance stirring action if the need of such enhancement arises, for the reasons discussed above.
  • the depth of meniscus depression h approaches zero when the angular stirring velocity at the meniscus caused by EMS is equalized by counter-stirring angular velocity produced by a braking induction coil.
  • AT-PS 189751 discloses electromagnetic stirring in an open stream process using two electromagnetic coil arrangements are above the other operated in unison.
  • EP-A-0 096 077 discloses a plurality of electromagnetic agitations arranged in a horizontal direction along a wall of a mold to accelerate or decelerate the circulatory flow along the flow direction but does not provide a second magnetic field at a location upstream of the stirring by a first rotating magnetic field.
  • DE-A-3 819 492 discloses two stirrers, one upon the other, and discloses operating one or both of the stirrers in a casting method.
  • EP-A-0 080326 discloses one rotational field only together with an axial field.
  • JP-A-59 89649 discloses a submerged nozzle process in which an upper coil produces a field rotating in the opposite direction to that produced by a lower coil to provide a braking effect at the surface of the molder metal.
  • An electromagnetic volume force will be produced in either of two situations, firstly, when an A.C. rotating magnetic field interacts with liquid metal which is in the state of complete rest, the metal will be set into a motion with a velocity lower than that of the A.C. field; and, secondly, when a stationary, i.e. D.C. magnetic field, interacts with liquid metal already in motion.
  • the present invention thus provides an improved method of controlling electromagnetic stirring intensity within a continuous casting mold. This method provides both the flexibility of adaptation of stirring conditions to the casting processes and the accuracy of stirring control which were lacking by prior art.
  • the present invention may be performed using an apparatus which includes an electromagnetic A.C. coil similar to but smaller than that of a main electromagnetic stirrer installed downstream and arranged around the mold in the meniscus area.
  • This device is in essence another induction stirrer, similar to the main stirrer which is arranged axially symmetrical around the mold and farther down from the meniscus.
  • the coil in the upper part of the mold is suitable for counterbalancing and equalizing, or enhancing, depending on specific objectives, the stirring motion in the adjacent volume of liquid metal, whose motion is originated by the main stirrer. Therefore, the working function of this stirrer is to modify the pattern and/or intensity of the stirring induced by the main stirrer and henceforth the device performing that function will be called A.C. magnetic stirring modifier or A.C. MSM.
  • the action of the A.C. MSM is typically contained within the upper portion of molten metal pool, comprising approximately 10 to 15 percent of its volume confined by the mold.
  • both the A.C. MSM and M-EMS operate at a common frequency determined by the parameters of the mold.
  • the current supplied to both sets of the coils can be of the same variable value or it can be controlled separately.
  • the invention is broadly applicable to all electroconductive materials, i.e. metals and alloys, which can be electromagnetically stirred and where control of stirring intensity is required within some region or regions without interference with stirring within other regions of the liquid pool.
  • the invention is applicable to a wide variety of spacial orientation of a vessel containing the molten method.
  • a casting mold may be arranged vertically, inclined or horizontally.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic depiction of an arrangement of an A.C. MSM and an EMS within a mold housing assembly of a continuous casting machine 10 .
  • Figure 5 is a more detailed depiction of the mechanical elements of the mold assembly.
  • a series of induction coils 12, is arranged equally spaced around the periphery of a vertical casting mold 14, at its lower portion to comprise an A.C. electromagnetic stirrer (EMS).
  • EMS electromagnetic stirrer
  • a casting ceramic tube 18 is axially located with respect to the strand of molten metal 16, if the apparatus is to be used for casting with a submerged entrance nozzle instead of the open pouring method.
  • A.C. MSM induction coils 20, are equally spaced around the vertical mold 14, adjacent to a free upper surface or meniscus 22 of the strand of molten metal 16.
  • the EMS coils 12 are designed to induce a strong rotational flow of molten metal in the strand of molten metal 16 within the mold 14.
  • a maximum value of rotational velocity is attained within and about the region of molten metal defined by a characteristic length of stirrer L which corresponds to a magnetic flux density B distribution along stirring axis.
  • a typical magnetic flux density distribution for the two sets of induction coils 12 and 20 are shown in Figure 2.
  • the value of the maximum stirring velocity within and about the active stirring zone L and the rate of its axial attenuation within the metal 16 determine the stirring velocity at the meniscus area 22 in the absence of other effects.
  • the stirring velocity value and its lengthwise axial range depend on the stirrer length L, the radius of the stirred pool R, and the roughness of the solidification interface with liquid metal. Accordingly, it is difficult to quantitatively and accurately predict the stirring velocity at the meniscus, based upon the design and operating parameters of the EMS coils 12 and the distance from EMS neutral axis to the meniscus.
  • the stirring velocity at the meniscus generally is about 0.5 to 0.7 (about 50 to 70 percent) of maximum stirring velocity value while the EMS coils 12 are located at a lowest position with respect to the meniscus. Therefore, a substantial stirring action can be expected at the meniscus area produced by the EMS coils even if the latter is located at the farthest possible distance from the meniscus. Meniscus depression and, more generally, turbulence at this location manifest themselves as a result of this stirring action.
  • the meniscus depression depth is strongly correlated to the angular stirring velocity at the meniscus.
  • the meniscus stirring velocity and depression are proportional to the current supplied to the EMS coils 12, as shown schematically in Figure 3.
  • the meniscus depression for industrial systems can range from approximately 6 to 27 mm, for example.
  • the induction coils 20 of A.C. MSM are energized, to induce a stirring action within the liquid metal at the meniscus opposite to that caused by the EMS coils 12. All the previous considerations with respect to a rotary movement of liquid metal are applicable to the stirring produced by the A.C. MSM coils 20.
  • the A.C. MSM coils 20 are substantially smaller and require less power for their operation than the EMS coils 12 due to a much less stirring velocity expected for them to produce to counteract the rotational motion at the meniscus induced by the EMS coils 12.
  • the A.C. MSM coils 20 are energized from a power supply common with the EMS coils 12, as shown by single line diagrams in Figure 4.
  • Schemes I and II appearing in Figure 4 show the A.C. MSM and EMS coils 20 and 12 respectively connected in series and, therefore, operating at the time same current and frequency supplied from a common power source.
  • the coil connections presented in Scheme I provide for unidirectional rotating magnetic fields produced by both the EMS and A.C. MSM coils. This mode of operation is employed for enhancing the stirring motion at the meniscus area by the A.C. MSM coils 20 when performing the process of the present invention with the illustrated apparatus.
  • the coil connections presented in Scheme II provide for counter-rotating magnetic fields and cause counter-rotating liquid metal motions in the areas corresponding to the EMS and A.C. MSM coils.
  • the current level supplied to the A.C. MSM coils 20 may have an independent control from that of the EMS coils 12, as shown by Scheme III in Figure 4. This arrangement allows for independent control of stirring actions of either of the EMS or the A.C. MSM coils regardless of the directional pattem of stirring, namely unirotational or counter-rotational.
  • the line OA corresponds to the meniscus depression caused by the stirring induced by EMS coils 12 without being opposed or added by A.C. MSM stirring.
  • the line OD represents meniscus depression associated with isolated stirring action induced by the A.C. MSM coils 20.
  • the meniscus depression In order to equalize the stirring velocities caused by the EMS and A.C. MSM coils, the meniscus depression must be of the same value in either of the situations. For example, if the meniscus depression caused by EMS stirring corresponds to the level A, then counter-rotational stirring provided by A.C. MSM stirring should have corresponding meniscus depression, i.e. level D.
  • the line OC is the resultant of two opposite stirring actions produced respectively by the EMS and AC MSM coils and equalized at the meniscus.
  • the line AB represents the resultant of two unidirectional stirring actions.
  • the range of stirring enhancement expressed through the meniscus depression can be adjusted in accordance with the casting practice requirements, so that the stirring intensity of EMS is fully utilized.

Claims (6)

  1. Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Gießen von Knüppeln und Vorblöcken aus Metallschmelze mittels einer Vorrichtung, die eine Gießform aufweist, in die Metallschmelze durch einen Vorgang des offenen Gießens der Metallschmelze eingeführt wird, und Durchführung eines Induktionsrührens in der Metallschmelze in der Form, wobei das Induktionsrührverfahren umfasst:
    elektromagnetisches Induzieren des Rührens von geschmolzenem Metall mit einer Intensität, die normalerweise zu einer Turbulenz in dem geschmolzenen Metall einschließlich seiner freien Oberfläche führt, durch Anlegen eines ersten rotierenden Magnetfeldes an das geschmolzene Metall, und
    Anlegen eines zweiten rotierenden Magnetfeldes, das von einer von der das erste Magnetfeld liefernden Quelle getrennten Quelle und an einer Stelle stromaufwärts des Rührens erzeugt wird, wobei das zweite rotierende Magnetfeld in derselben Richtung rotiert wie die Rotationsrichtung des ersten Feldes, um die Rührbewegung im Bereich der freien Oberfläche zu verstärken, aber ein Drehmoment auf das geschmolzene Metall ausübt, welches niedriger ist als das von dem ersten Feld ausgeübte Drehmoment.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem das zweite rotierende Magnetfeld durch einen Satz von Induktionsspulen geliefert wird, die nahe der freien Oberfläche der Metallschmelze angeordnet sind.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem das zweite rotierende Magnetfeld von einem Satz von Induktionsspulen erzeugt wird, die von einem Wechselstrom beaufschlagt sind, der von einer Stromquelle geliefert wird, die unabhängig ist von einer Stromquelle für einen das erste rotierende Magnetfeld erzeugenden Satz von Induktionsspulen.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, bei dem die Sätze von Induktionsspulen Spulen mit Multiphasen- und Multipol-Anordnung sind, die in Umfangsrichtung beabstandet um die Form herum angeordnet sind, um die jeweiligen rotierenden Magnetfelder zu erzeugen.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem das zweite rotierende Magnetfeld dazu dient, eine Rührbewegung in dem Meniskusbereich zu bewirken, die ausreicht, um die von dem ersten rotierenden Magnetfeld in dem Meniskusbereich bewirkte Rührbewegung auf ein Niveau anzuheben, das bei oder nahe dem Niveau der Rührbewegung liegt, die von dem ersten rotierenden Magnetfeld an seiner stromabwärts liegenden Aufbringungsstelle erzeugt wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, bei dem die Metallschmelze Stahl ist.
EP94904542A 1993-01-15 1994-01-14 Magnetisches rühren mittels wechselstrom für das kontinuierliche giessen vom metallen Expired - Lifetime EP0679115B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US506293A 1993-01-15 1993-01-15
US5062 1993-01-15
PCT/CA1994/000018 WO1994015739A1 (en) 1993-01-15 1994-01-14 A.c. magnetic stirring modifier for continuous casting of metals

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0679115A1 EP0679115A1 (de) 1995-11-02
EP0679115B1 EP0679115B1 (de) 1997-06-25
EP0679115B2 true EP0679115B2 (de) 2004-09-15

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EP94904542A Expired - Lifetime EP0679115B2 (de) 1993-01-15 1994-01-14 Magnetisches rühren mittels wechselstrom für das kontinuierliche giessen vom metallen

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EP (1) EP0679115B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE154767T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2153995C (de)
DE (1) DE69403950T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2106501T5 (de)
WO (1) WO1994015739A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1288900B1 (it) * 1996-05-13 1998-09-25 Danieli Off Mecc Procedimento di colata continua con campo magnetico pulsante e relativo dispositivo
DE102005042370A1 (de) 2005-09-07 2007-03-15 Sms Demag Ag Bauteil für eine Stranggießkokille und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Bauteils
US20090242165A1 (en) * 2008-03-25 2009-10-01 Beitelman Leonid S Modulated electromagnetic stirring of metals at advanced stage of solidification
CN103170606B (zh) * 2011-12-23 2015-08-26 北京有色金属研究总院 双重强制均匀化制备金属浆料的装置及其加工成形方法
CN108971460A (zh) * 2018-08-22 2018-12-11 上海大学 一种脉冲耦合电磁场细化金属凝固组织的方法及装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT184313B (de) † 1953-07-30 1956-01-10 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Gießen, insbesondere von schwer schmelzbaren Metallen
DE1583601A1 (de) † 1967-07-05 1970-09-17 Demag Elektrometallurgie Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kuehlen eines schmelzfluessigen Metallstranges
JPS5989649U (ja) † 1982-12-04 1984-06-18 三菱重工業株式会社 連続鋳造用電磁撹拌装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT189751B (de) * 1952-08-27 1957-05-10 Verfahren zum Gießen, insbesondere zum Stranggießen von Metallen
FR2391015A1 (fr) * 1977-05-18 1978-12-15 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Perfectionnement au procede de coulee continue centrifuge de produits metalliques et dispositif de mise en oeuvre
GB2109724A (en) * 1981-11-20 1983-06-08 British Steel Corp Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic stirring in the continuous casting of steel
JPS58100955A (ja) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-15 Kawasaki Steel Corp 連続鋳造鋳型内溶鋼の撹拌方法およびその装置
DE3819492A1 (de) * 1988-06-08 1989-12-14 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Knueppel- bzw. vorblock-stranggiesskokille
US4933005A (en) * 1989-08-21 1990-06-12 Mulcahy Joseph A Magnetic control of molten metal systems

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT184313B (de) † 1953-07-30 1956-01-10 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Gießen, insbesondere von schwer schmelzbaren Metallen
DE1583601A1 (de) † 1967-07-05 1970-09-17 Demag Elektrometallurgie Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kuehlen eines schmelzfluessigen Metallstranges
JPS5989649U (ja) † 1982-12-04 1984-06-18 三菱重工業株式会社 連続鋳造用電磁撹拌装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2153995C (en) 2000-11-07
ES2106501T5 (es) 2005-03-01
DE69403950D1 (de) 1997-07-31
DE69403950T3 (de) 2005-03-10
ATE154767T1 (de) 1997-07-15
ES2106501T3 (es) 1997-11-01
CA2153995A1 (en) 1994-07-21
EP0679115B1 (de) 1997-06-25
DE69403950T2 (de) 1997-12-11
EP0679115A1 (de) 1995-11-02
WO1994015739A1 (en) 1994-07-21

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