Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D213/62—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
  • C07D213/63—One oxygen atom
  • C07D213/65—One oxygen atom attached in position 3 or 5
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

• This invention relates to compounds which are useful as leukotriene .antagonists particularly LTB4 antagonists. These compounds are characterized by their having a pyridyl ring substituted at the 2 position with a lower alkyl radical which preferably has a terminal carboxyl group, a 3 position radical which can be characterized as having a fatty nature and a 6 position substituent which can be characterized as comprising a pyridyl group linked to the 6 position of the pyridyl ring by means of several atoms, namely, carbon or carbon and a heteroatom.
• the family of bioactive lipids known as the leukotrienes exert pharmacological effects on respiratory, cardiovascul-ar and gastrointestinal systems.
• the leukotrienes are generally divided into two sub-classes, the peptidoleukotrienes (leukotrienes C4, D4 and E4) and the dihydroxyleukotrienes Geukotriene B4).
• This invention is primmly concerned with the hydroxyleukotrienes (LTB) but is not limited to this specific group of leukotrienes.
• the peptidoleukotrienes are implicated in the biological response associated with the "Slow Reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis" (SRS-A). This response is expressed in vivo as prolonged bronchoconstriction, in cardiovascular effects such as coronary artery vasoconstriction and numerous other biological responses.
• SRS-A Slow Reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis
• the pharmacology of the peptidoleukotrienes include smooth muscle contractions, myocardial depression, increased vascular permeability and increased mucous production.
• LTB4 exerts its biological effects through stimulation of leukocyte and lymphocyte functions. It stimulates chemotaxis, chemokinesis and aggregation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).
• PMNs polymorphonuclear leukocytes
• Leukotrienes are critically involved in mediating many types of cardiovascular, pulmonary, dermatological, renal, allergic, and inflammatory diseases including asthma, adult respiratory distress syndrome, cystic fibrosis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
• Leukotriene B4 was first described by Borgeat and Samuelsson in 1979, .and later shown by Corey and co-workers to be 5(S),12(R)-dihydroxy-(Z,E,E,Z)- 6,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid.
• LTB4 It is a product of the arachidonic acid ca.scade that results from the enzymatic hydrolysis of LTA4. It has been found to be produced by mast cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, monocytes .and macrophages. LTB4 has been shown to be a potent stimulus in vivo for PMN leukocytes, causing increased chemotactic and chemokinetic migration, adherence, aggregation, degranulation, superoxide production and cytotoxicity. The effects of LTB4 are mediated through distinct receptor sites on the leukocyte cell surface that exhibit a high degree of stereospecificiry.
• LTB4 has been established as an inflammatory mediator in vivo. It has also been associated with airway hyper-responsiveness in the dog as well as being found in increased levels in lung lavages from humans with severe pulmonary dysfunction.
• the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are valuable in the treatment of diseases in subjects, including human or animals, in which leukotrienes are a factor.
• this invention covers a compound of formula I
• R is Ci to C2()-aliphatic, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl-Cj to Cjo-aliphatic where substituted phenyl has one or more radicals selected from the group consisting of lower alkoxy, lower alkyl, trih-alomethyl, and halo, or R is Cj to C20-a ⁇ phatic-O-, or R is unsubstituted or substituted phenyl-Cj to Cjo-aliphatic-O- where substituted phenyl has one or more radicals selected from the group consisting of lower alkoxy, lower alkyl, trihalomethyl, and halo;
• Rl is R4, -(Ci to C5 aliphatic)R4, -(Ci to C5 aliphatic)CHO, -(Ci to C5 aliphatic)CH2OR5;
• R2 is H, halo, CF3, CN, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or -(CH2) n R4 where n is 0-5; or
• R2 is -CH(NH2)(R4) or -(CH2) n R9 where n is 0-5 where R9 is -N(R )2 where each R7 is independently H, or an aliphatic group of 1 to 10 carbons, or acyl of 1-6 carbons, or cycloalkyl-(CH2) n - group of 4 to 10 carbons where n is 0-3, or both R7 groups form a ring having 4 to 6 carbons;
• R3 is H, halo, lower alkyl, or acyl of 1-6 carbons
• R4 is tetrazol-5-yl, or COOH or an ester or amide thereof;
• R5 is H, lower alkyl, CH3(CH2) ⁇ -6CO or phenyl(CH2) ⁇ -3CO.
• this invention relates to compositions comprising a compound of formula I, or an oxide or salt thereof, in admixture with a carrier. Included in these compositions are those suitable for pharmaceutical use and comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier and a compound of formula I which may be in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. These compounds can also be used for treating diseases caused by or related to leukotrienes including LTB4, and particularly psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease.
• Processes for making these compounds are also included in the scope of this invention, which processes comprise: a) forming a salt, or b) forming an ester, c) oxidizing a thio ether to the sulfoxide or sulfone; or d) utilizing one of the processes illustrated in the reaction scheme(s) and Examples given below.
• Het includes rings with 1, 2 or 3 nitrogens, eg pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 1,3,5-triazine, 1,2,4-tirazine, and 1,2,3-triazine; rings with 1 or 2 oxygens; rings with nitrogen and oxygen; and rings with nitrogen, oxygen .and sulfur.
• Aliphatic is intended to include saturated and unsaturated radicals. This includes normal and branched chains, saturated or mono or poly unsaturated chains where both double and triple bonds may be present in any combination.
• lower alkyl means an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms in any isomeric form, but particularly the normal or linear form.
• Lower a&oxy means the group lower alkyl-O-.
• Acyl-lower alkyl refers to the group (O)C-lower alkyl where the caibonyl carbon is counted as one of the carbons of the 1 to 6 carbons noted under the definition of lower alkyl.
• Halo refers to and means fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo. The phenyl ring may be substituted with one or more of these radicals. Multiple substituents may be the same or different, such as where there are three chloro groups, or a combination of chloro and alkyl groups and further where this latter combination may have different a ⁇ l radicals in the chloro/alkyl pattern.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable ester-forming group covers all esters which can be made from the acid function(s) which may be present in these compounds.
• the resultant esters will be ones which are acceptable in their application to a pharmaceutical use. By that it is meant that the esters will retain the biological activity of the parent compound and will not have an untoward or deleterious effect in their application and use in treating diseases.
• Amides may be formed from acid groups.
• the most preferred amides are those where the nitrogen is substituted by hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons.
• the diethylamide is particularly preferred.
• salts of the instant compounds are also intended to be covered by this invention. These salts will be ones which are acceptable in their application to a pharmaceutical use. By that it is meant that the salt will retain the biological activity of the parent compound and the salt will not have untoward or deleterious effects in its application and use in treating diseases.
• compositions are prepared in a stand ⁇ d manner.
• the parent compound dissolved in a suitable solvent, is treated with an excess of an organic or inorganic acid, in the case of acid addition salts of a base, or an excess of organic or inorganic base where R4 is COOH for example.
• Oxides of a ring nitrogen may be prepared by means known in the ait and as illustrated herein. These are to be considered part of the invention.
• a chiral center is created or another form of .an isomeric center is created in a compound of this invention, all forms of such isomer(s) are intended to be covered herein.
• Compounds with a chiral center may be administered as a racemic mixture or the racemates may be separated and the individual enantiomer used alone.
• these compounds can be used in treating a variety of diseases associated with or attributing their origin or affect to leukotrienes, particularly LTB4.
• Inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease may be treated by applying or administering the compounds described herein.
• these compounds can be used to treat allergic diseases including those of a pulmonary and non-pulmonary nature.
• these compounds will be useful in antigen-induced anaphylaxis. They are useful in treating asthma, allergic rhinitis .and irritable bowel disease.
• Ocular diseases such as uveitis, and allergic conjunctivitis can also be treated by these compounds.
• Preferred compounds are those where Het is pyridyl or pyrimidyl; R is Cg to C20 alkoxy, phenyl-C2 to CJQ alkoxy or substituted-phenylC2 to CJO alkoxy; Rj is -(Cj-
• R is substituted phenyl-C2 to CJQ alkoxy, particularly the unsubstituted-phenyl(CH2)2-8-O- group, or the p-fluoro- o ⁇ />-methoxyphenyl(C ⁇ 2)2-8 ⁇ , - group, or 013(012)5.9-0-;
• m is 0 - 5, most preferably 0, 1, or 2;
• the CH2 group is preferred.
• One generic process comprises preparing a 6-halomethylpyridyl adduct and then condensing that fragment with the appropriate mercaptan or alcohol to make compounds where Z is a sulfur or oxygen atom. Normally this will be a protected product; any acid group will be derivatized in some m.anner to render it unreactive. Derivatizing groups may be removed to provide a parent functionality, such as an acid or a salt of an acid. Further modifications of these reactive groups can then be carried out, such as forming a salt, an amide, an ester or the like.
• condensation reaction making compounds of formula I where functional groups are protected; then further manipulating these compounds eg. deprotecting, eg saponifying; forming forming alcohols, or aldehydes; preparing esters, amides or salts; oxidixing a sulfide to the sulfoxide or sulfone; and the like are all illustrated in the pending PCT applications and U.S. application referenced above. Those procedures can be used in preparing these compounds as well. In addition, specific examples for making these compounds are given in the appended Examples.
• compositions of the present invention comprise a pharmaceutical carrier or diluent and some amount of a compound of the formula (I).
• the compound may be present in an amount to effect a physiological response, or it may be present in a lesser amount such that the user will need to take two or more units of the composition to effect the treatment intended.
• These compositions may be made up as a solid, liquid or in a gaseous form. Or one of these three forms may be transformed to another at the time of being administered such as when a solid is delivered by aerosol means, or when a liquid is delivered as a spray or aerosol.
• a disease mediated by LTB4 which comprises administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I, preferably in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
• a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I preferably in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
• the .administration may be carried out in dosage units at suitable intervals or in single doses as needed. Usually this method will be practiced when relief of symptoms is specifically required. However, the method is also usefully carried out as continuous or prophylactic treatment. It is within the skill of the art to determine by routine experimentation the effective dosage to be administered from the dose range set forth above, taking into consideration such factors as the degree of severity of the condition or disease being treated, and so forth.
• compositions and the pharmaceutical carrier or diluent will, of course, depend upon the intended route of administration, for example parenterally, topically, orally or by inhalation.
• the pharmaceutical composition will be in the form of a cream, ointment, liniment, lotion, pastes, aerosols, and drops suitable for .administration to the skin, eye, ear, or nose.
• the pharmaceutical composition will be in the form of a sterile injectable liquid such as an ampule or an aqueous or non-aqueous liquid suspension.
• the pharmaceutical composition will be in the form of a tablet, capsule, powder, pellet, atroche, lozenge, syrup, liquid, or emulsion.
• examples of appropriate pharmaceutical carriers or diluents include: for aqueous systems, water, for non-aqueous systems, ethanol, glycerin, propylene glycol, corn oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, liquid paraf ⁇ ns and mixtures thereof with water; for solid systems, lactose, kaolin and mannitol; and for aerosol systems, dichlorodifluoromethane, chlorotrifluoroethane .and compressed carbon dioxide.
• the instant compositions may include other ingredients such as stabilizers, antioxidants, preservatives, lubricants, suspending agents, viscosity modifiers and the like, provided that the additional ingredients do not have a detrimental effect on the therapeutic action of the instant compositions.
• the amount of carrier or dtiuent will v ⁇ ny but preferably will be the major proportion of a suspension or solution of the active ingredient.
• the diluent is a solid it may be present in lesser, equal or greater amounts than the solid active ingredient.
• a compound of formula I is administered to a subject in a composition comprising a nontoxic amount sufficient to produce an inhibition of the symptoms of a disease in which leukotrienes are a factor.
• Topical formulations will contain between about 0.01 to 5.0% by weight of the active ingredient and will be applied as required as a preventative or curative agent to the affected area.
• the dosage of the composition is selected from the range of from 50 mg to 1000 mg of active ingredient for each administration. For convenience, equal doses will be administered 1 to 5 times daily with the daily dosage regimen being selected from about 50 mg to about 5000 mg.
• Example I l-Iodo-8-(4-methoxvphenvnoctane (a) 7-Octyn-l-ol 35% KH in mineral oil (27g, 240mmol) under an argon atmosphere was washed with hexane and treated dropwise with 1,3-diaminopropane. The mixture was stirred at room temperature until it became homogeneous. The flask was cooled to 0° C and 3-octyn-l-ol (lOg, 79mmol, Lancaster Synthesis) w.as slowly added. The reaction was then stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction was quenched with H2O (50mL) and the product was extracted into ether.
• H2O 50mL
• the reaction was poured into aqueous NaHCO3 and the product extracted into CH2O 2 .
• the organic extract was washed with H O and brine .and dried (MgSO4).
• the crude product was obtained as a yellow solid and was used without further purification.
• the acid fo ⁇ n of any of the foregoing salts may be prepared by dissolving the salt in water, then acidifying that solution with a mineral acid such as dilute (6N) HO. The acid is recovered by filtering out the precipitate.
• a mineral acid such as dilute (6N) HO.
• Formulations for pharmaceutical use incorporating compounds of the present invention can be prepared in various forms and with numerous excipients. Means for making various formulations can be found in standard texts such as Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, and similar publications and compendia. Specific examples of formulations are given below.
• the stearyl alcohol and white petrolatum are combined over heat. Other ingredients are dissolved in water, then this solution is added to the warm (ca 50 to 100 c C) alcohol/petrolatum mixture and stirred until the mixture conge s. It can then be packed in tubes or .another appropriate package form.

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Citations (3)

• 1993
  • 1993-12-21 WO PCT/US1993/012518 patent/WO1994014442A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1993-12-21 EP EP94904523A patent/EP0675718A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1993-12-21 JP JP6515430A patent/JPH08505148A/ja active Pending

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