EP0673677A1 - Activateur a ultrasons - Google Patents

Activateur a ultrasons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0673677A1
EP0673677A1 EP94914252A EP94914252A EP0673677A1 EP 0673677 A1 EP0673677 A1 EP 0673677A1 EP 94914252 A EP94914252 A EP 94914252A EP 94914252 A EP94914252 A EP 94914252A EP 0673677 A1 EP0673677 A1 EP 0673677A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
holes
rotor
stator
impeller
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94914252A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0673677A4 (fr
Inventor
Anatoly Fedorovich Kladov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0673677A4 publication Critical patent/EP0673677A4/fr
Publication of EP0673677A1 publication Critical patent/EP0673677A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/50—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
    • B01F27/271—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/80—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations
    • B01F31/83—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations comprising a supplementary stirring element
    • B01F31/831—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations comprising a supplementary stirring element the vibrations being generated by the rotation of the stirring element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/81—Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/81—Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles
    • B01F33/811—Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles in two or more consecutive, i.e. successive, mixing receptacles or being consecutively arranged

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to the technique of setting up vibrations in liquid media and more specifically it concerns an ultrasonic activator.
  • hydrodynamic rotor-type ultrasonic activators are known to be used commonly (SU, A, 1,519,767; SU, A, 1,044,341), which are in fact the simplest highly efficient apparatus capable of performing a variety of chemical-engineering processes proceeding in liquid media.
  • Each of the aforesaid activators comprises a single working chamber that accommodates a stator and a rotor and provides for an ultrasonic radiation intensity at a level of 10 - 50 kW/sq.m.
  • a flow resistance offered by the rotor and stator is impossible due to too high a flow resistance offered by the rotor and stator.
  • One state-of-the-art ultrasonic activator is known to use presently (FR, A, 3,717,058), aimed at mixing at least two liquid substances and bringing them in reaction with each other or initiating such a reaction in the course of mixing.
  • Said activator comprises at least two working chambers accommodated in a housing and communicating with each other through passages.
  • the housing has a number of inlets and an outlet.
  • Each of the chambers has a stator and a rotor set on a drive shaft.
  • the stator and the rotor appear as disks arranged coaxially inside the housing of the device and having perforations for the liquid to pass.
  • the activator comprises two standing-apart centrifugal-pump impellers set on the drive shaft in tandem with the rotor disks.
  • the rotor and stator disks are located at the inlet of the impellers, that is, in the suction chamber.
  • said device cannot be used for performing other more power-consuming technological processes due to restrictions imposed by its construction arrangement.
  • said device cannot be used for performing other more power-consuming technological processes due to restrictions imposed by its construction arrangement.
  • to increase the energy of acoustic vibrations resulting from interaction between the rotor and the stator is impossible due to the following causes:
  • the liquid hold-up time in the processing zone is determined by the ratio between the volume of said zone and the volumetric capacity of the device and ranged from 0.4 to 2 s, which is not enough for performing more energy-consuming technological processes.
  • the present invention has for its principal object to provide an ultrasonic activator having such a construction arrangement that will be instrumental in increasing the intensity of ultrasonic radiation up to or above 1 MW/sq.m.
  • an ultrasonic activator comprising at least two intercommunicating working chambers accommodated in a housing, the first of said chambers having an inlet pipe connector, while the last chamber has an outlet pipe connector; each of the working chambers has a stator and a rotor set on a drive shaft, both of them having holes situated one opposite the other and adapted for the liquid to pass, wherein, according to the invention, each rotor is essentially a centrifugal pump impeller provided with a ring rigidly fixed to the impeller at its outlet and having holes for the liquid to pass, each of said holes being equal in width with each of the stator holes, and a total area of the stator ring holes is equal to a total area of the stator holes and makes up 0.1 to 0.7 the inlet area of the corresponding impeller, the hole spacing of the rotor ring and of the stator being 2 to 2.25 the width of said holes; the working chambers intercommunicate through diffusers interconnecting the outlet of the
  • the liquid is free to pass through the inlet pipe connector to the inlet of the first impeller, which establishes a pressure of the liquid.
  • the liquid flows through the exit holes in the rotor ring at a definite velocity proportional to the square root of a difference between the liquid pressure upstream and downstream of the rotor.
  • a cavitation bubble While being compressed a cavitation bubble behaves as an accelerator or promoter of the substance contained therein; its walls acquire a definite speed of motion towards the bubble center. At the instant when the bubble disappears (collapses), when the diametrically opposite areas of the bubble walls collide, there occurs a conversion of the kinetic energy of the moving liquid which is spent for performing a definite chemical-engineering process. It is necessary that the cavitation bubbles be prepared and collapsed with a corresponding energy level depending on the level of the energy of activation of the process.
  • the energy of a cavitation bubble can be enhanced by increasing the rate of the bubble collapse, which increases with a rise in the compression pressure, that is, with an increase in the intensity of ultrasonic radiation. To this end, the device makes use of a gradual pressure rise in a number of the tandem-arranged impellers of the working chambers, having the corresponding rotors and stators.
  • the device makes use of a reduction of the flow resistance offered by the passages communicating the tandem-arranged impellers, said reduction being attained due to special profiling of said passages, that is, shaping them as diffusers.
  • intensity of ultrasonic radiation is increased also due to an appropriate construction arrangement enabling part of the processed liquid to be returned to the first working chamber, followed by its being multiply processed in a closed circulation circuit, which likewise adds to the liquid velocity at the outlet of the rotor holes in each of the working chambers, this being due to the fact that the liquid velocity is directly proportional to the amount of the liquid flow at a constant area of the rotor and stator holes.
  • connection of the last working chamber to the first one extends the processing time of the liquid in direct proportion to the recycle ratio and adds to the intensity of ultrasonic radiation due to an increased liquid flow velocity through the holes in the rotor and stator of each impeller, because said intensity is in a quadratic relation with the vibration rate (as transformation of a constant liquid flow into a variable one occurs in the course of the rotor-stator interaction).
  • the liquid flow velocity at the exit of the rotor holes can be increased by appropriately selecting the size of the holes in the rotor wheel and in the stator in the aforestated limits.
  • stator be shaped as a ring provided with holes for the liquid to pass and rigidly held to the housing of the device opposite to the rotor ring.
  • Such a construction arrangement makes it possible to reduce loss of liquid in the course of transformation of a constant liquid flow into a variable one, due to a reduced unproductive leakage of the liquid.
  • all diffusers be vaned or scroll-shaped spiral, or a combination of both.
  • Intensity of ultrasonic radiation is directly proportional to the square of the amplitude of the vibration rate of the liquid flowing through the holes in the rotor and stator.
  • the liquid flow velocity depends on the drop of pressure (energy) developed by the impeller. The lower amount of energy loses the liquid the higher may be the intensity of ultrasonic radiation.
  • Vaned or spiral (volute) diffusers interconnecting the working chambers of the device are aimed at reducing hydraulic losses and, ultimately, at adding to the intensity of ultrasonic radiation.
  • the outer surface of the activator housing be coated with a layer of a sound- and heat-insulating material.
  • Sound- and heat-insulation of the device is aimed at reducing losses of sound and heat energy. Sound energy saving is directly concerned with an increase in the intensity of ultrasonic radiation in the working chambers, while heat saving also results, through the agency of liquid flow velocity, in an increase in the intensity of ultrasonic radiation.
  • each working chamber be accommodated in its own housing and that the impeller of each chamber be set on its own drive shaft.
  • the aforementioned construction arrangement of the ultrasonic activator allows of considerably increasing the intensity of ultrasonic radiation (up to 1 MW/sq.m or more), prolonging the time of action of ultrasound on the liquid under processing, extending the field of application of the activator for performing chemical-engineering proceses the energy of activation of which is within 100 and 400 kJ/mole, and increasing considerably the capacity of the device.
  • the ultrasonic activator has a housing 1 (FIG.1), wherein working chambers 4 are defined by means of partitions 2 and 3.
  • the number of the working chambers 4 depends on the density of the liquid under processing, i.e., the higher the density the greater the number of the chambers 4.
  • FIG.1 illustrates four intercommunicating working chambers 4, each of them accommodating a rotor 6 set on a drive shaft 5 and a stator 7.
  • Each rotor 6 is essentially an impeller 8 of a centrifugal pump which has a ring 9 (FIG.2) rigidly fixed at the outlet thereof and provided with holes 10 for the liquid under processing to pass.
  • the ring 9 can be made integral with the impeller 8 (FIG.1).
  • the stator 7 is in fact a ring 11 having holes 12 for the liquid being processed to pass and rigidly fixed in the housing 1 of the ultrasonic activator opposite to the ring 9 of the rotor 6.
  • the width (a) (FIG.3) of the holes 10 in the ring 9 of the rotor 6 is equal to the width of the holes 12 (FIG.1) in the ring 11 of the stator 7.
  • a total area of the holes 10 in the ring 9 of the rotor 6 is equal to a total area of the holes 12 in the ring 11 of the stator 7 and makes up from 0.1 to 0.7 the area of the inlet to the respective impeller 8.
  • the spacing (b) (FIG.3) of the holes 10 in the ring 9 of the rotor 6 and that of the holes 12 (FIG.1) in the ring 11 of the stator 7 is equal to 2 - 2.25 the width of said holes 10 and 12.
  • the velocity of flow of the liquid under processing and hence the intensity of ultrasonic radiation is adjusted from 0.1 MW/sq.m upwards by selecting the size of the holes 10, 12 in the rings 9, 11 of the rotor 6 and the stator 7, respectively.
  • the aforestated ratio between a total area of the holes 10, 12 in the rings 9, 11 of the rotor 6 and the stator 7, and the inlet area of the respective impeller 8 is to be used differentially.
  • the larger area of the holes 10 in the ring 9 of the rotor 6 corresponds to the initial impellers 8 from the exit of the ultrasonic activator, and the smaller area, to the last impellers 8.
  • Smaller webs (c) (FIG.3) between the holes 10 in the ring 9 of the rotor 6 corresponds to a larger diameter of the impellers 8 (FIG.1) and to a higher rotation speed thereof.
  • a decrease in a total area of the holes 10, 12 in the rings 9, 11 of the rotor 6 and the stator 7 down to 0.1 the exit area of the respective impeller 8 adds to the liquid flow velocity at the outlet of the holes 10, 12, thereby adding to the intensity of ultrasonic radiation.
  • An increase in a total area of the holes 10, 12 up to 0.7 the entrance area of the respective impeller 8 reduces the intensity of ultrasonic radiation down to 1 MW/sq.m.
  • the spacing (b) (FIG.3) of the holes 10 in the ring 9 of the rotor 6 is equal to the sum of the width (a) of said holes 10 and the web (c) between the holes 10.
  • the working chambers 4 intercommunicate through diffusers 13 that convert kinetic energy of the liquid into potential energy and connect an outlet 14 of the preceding impeller 8 to an inlet 15 of the next impeller 8.
  • the first working chamber 4 has an inlet pipe connector 16.
  • the outlet 14 of the last impeller 8 is connected to the inlet 15 of the first impeller 8 through the diffuser 13 provided with a flow restrictor 17 and an outlet pipe connector 18 which is interposed between the flow restrictor 17 and the last impeller 8.
  • the diffusers 13 interconnecting all the working chambers 4 are either vaned (as shown at Ref.No.13a in FIG.4), or scroll-shaped (volute) spiral-type (as illustrated at Ref.No.13b in FIG.5), or else are a combination of both (FIG.6).
  • the shape of the diffusers 13 depends on intensity of ultrasonic radiation to be obtained, the overall dimensions of the ultrasonic activator, and rotation speed of the impellers 8.
  • the outside surface of the housing 1 of the ultrasonic activator is coated with a layer 19 of a sound- and heat-insulating material and is protected with a metal casing 20.
  • each working chamber 21 (FIG.7) be accommodated in its own housing 22, and the impeller 8 of each chamber 21 be set on its own drive shaft 23.
  • the ultrasonic activator of the present invention operates as follows.
  • the liquid being processed is fed to the inlet pipe connector 16 of the activator, whence it passes successively onto all the impellers 8 rotating either on the common drive shaft 5 or on each on its own shaft 23. So the liquid acquires some kinetic energy on each of the impellers 8 which is partly converted into the energy of elastic vibrations of the liquid when the liquid passes through a system of periodically aligned and shut-up holes 10, 12 in the rings 9, 11 of the rotors 6 and the stators 7. The rest of the kinetic energy of the liquid is converted, with the aid of the scroll-shaped spiral or vaned diffusers 13, 13a, 13b provided past each of the impellers 8, into potential energy of static pressure.
  • the liquid processing time depends on the period of time within which the liquid passes throughout the activator working cycle and can be extended for part of the liquid under processing due to its being passed many times through the activator working cycle with the aid of a pipe interconnecting the activator outlet pipe connector to the inlet pipe connector 16 thereof.
  • the recycle ratio is adjusted by the flow restrictor 17. After having been processed in the activator the liquid is discharged through the outlet pipe connector 18. To reduce energy losses into the surrounding atmosphere, the outside surface of the activator housing 1 is protected by the sound- and heat-insulating layer 19.
  • the multistage activator construction makes it possible to increase the intensity of ultrasonic radiation about 20 - 1000 times, to prolong the time of action of ultrasound on the liquid medium under processing 10 - 1000 times, and to enhance the activator efficiency up to 50 - 60 percent, i.e., 1.5 - 2 times.
  • the present invention can find application in diverse branches of industry for performing various chemical-engineering processes based on use of the effect of ultrasonic radiation on a substance and on the nature of physico-chemical processes performed.
  • the invention can find most utility when applied for carrying out chemical and physical transformations featuring an activation energy of from 100 to 400 kJ/mole.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
EP94914252A 1992-11-02 1992-11-02 Activateur a ultrasons Withdrawn EP0673677A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU1992/000195 WO1994009894A1 (fr) 1992-11-02 1992-11-02 Activateur a ultrasons

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0673677A4 EP0673677A4 (fr) 1995-08-08
EP0673677A1 true EP0673677A1 (fr) 1995-09-27

Family

ID=20129734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94914252A Withdrawn EP0673677A1 (fr) 1992-11-02 1992-11-02 Activateur a ultrasons

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0673677A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU6280394A (fr)
WO (1) WO1994009894A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100103767A1 (en) * 2008-10-23 2010-04-29 Sei Chugen Inner-Circulation Emulsifying and Dispersing Arrangement
US20100260008A1 (en) * 2007-11-12 2010-10-14 Ika-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg Rotor-stator-device for dispersing or homogenizing
US7942572B2 (en) * 2003-10-16 2011-05-17 Basell Poliolefine Italia S.R.L. Process for the continuous production of emulsions
CN102085460A (zh) * 2009-12-02 2011-06-08 南通中元实业有限公司 分散乳化机
CN110508175A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2019-11-29 曹立伟 一种造纸用便于清理的纸浆搅拌装置
US11718797B2 (en) * 2010-04-14 2023-08-08 Earle Refining Llc Device for treatment of a liquid

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6019499A (en) * 1995-04-18 2000-02-01 Advanced Molecular Technologies, Llc Method of conditioning hydrocarbon liquids and an apparatus for carrying out the method
RU2254911C1 (ru) * 2004-06-16 2005-06-27 Шестаков Сергей Дмитриевич Способ обработки жидкости в кавитационном реакторе
US9126176B2 (en) 2012-05-11 2015-09-08 Caisson Technology Group LLC Bubble implosion reactor cavitation device, subassembly, and methods for utilizing the same
RU2635142C1 (ru) * 2016-08-29 2017-11-09 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Протэн-К" Генератор кавитации
RU2625463C1 (ru) * 2016-08-29 2017-07-14 Леонид Иванович Мальцев Генератор кавитации

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1442945A1 (de) * 1962-01-22 1969-04-30 Forsch Inst Ing Chem Peter Wil Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schwingungsbehandlung fliessfaehiger Stoffe
DE1442685A1 (de) * 1962-09-17 1969-11-27 Forsch Willems Gegenstromverfahren zur Durchfuehrung physikalischer und/oder chemischer Behandlung von Stoffen und Gemischen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens
FR2310811A1 (fr) * 1975-05-13 1976-12-10 Varlamov Vladimir Dispositif pour la creation des vibrations acoustiques dans le milieu liquide courant
SU1669521A1 (ru) * 1989-06-26 1991-08-15 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский технологический институт гербицидов и регуляторов роста растений Роторный аппарат гидроакустического воздействи

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1388889A (en) * 1972-08-11 1975-03-26 Giusti Son Ltd T Rotary mixing apparatus
US4231666A (en) * 1978-03-10 1980-11-04 E. T. Oakes Limited Mixing apparatus
DE3243671A1 (de) * 1982-11-25 1984-05-30 Karg Ytron Gmbh Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen mischen pulvriger stoffe mit fluessigkeiten
DE3342304C2 (de) * 1983-11-23 1994-05-19 Dorr Oliver Deutschland Vorrichtung für die Herstellung von Emulsionen
DE3717058A1 (de) * 1987-05-21 1988-12-08 Bayer Ag Mischer zum vermischen mindestens zweier fliessfaehiger stoffe, insbesondere unter durchfuehrung bzw. einleitung einer reaktion waehrend der vermischung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1442945A1 (de) * 1962-01-22 1969-04-30 Forsch Inst Ing Chem Peter Wil Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schwingungsbehandlung fliessfaehiger Stoffe
DE1442685A1 (de) * 1962-09-17 1969-11-27 Forsch Willems Gegenstromverfahren zur Durchfuehrung physikalischer und/oder chemischer Behandlung von Stoffen und Gemischen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens
FR2310811A1 (fr) * 1975-05-13 1976-12-10 Varlamov Vladimir Dispositif pour la creation des vibrations acoustiques dans le milieu liquide courant
SU1669521A1 (ru) * 1989-06-26 1991-08-15 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский технологический институт гербицидов и регуляторов роста растений Роторный аппарат гидроакустического воздействи

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO9409894A1 *
SOVIET PATENTS ABSTRACTS Section Ch, Week 9222, 22 July 1992 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class C04, AN 92-181659 & SU-A-1 669 521 (HERBICIDES) *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7942572B2 (en) * 2003-10-16 2011-05-17 Basell Poliolefine Italia S.R.L. Process for the continuous production of emulsions
US20100260008A1 (en) * 2007-11-12 2010-10-14 Ika-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg Rotor-stator-device for dispersing or homogenizing
US8985844B2 (en) * 2007-11-12 2015-03-24 Ika-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for dispersing or homogenizing with a magnetic coupling drive for rotors in a chamber
US20100103767A1 (en) * 2008-10-23 2010-04-29 Sei Chugen Inner-Circulation Emulsifying and Dispersing Arrangement
US8702298B2 (en) * 2008-10-23 2014-04-22 Chugen Sei Inner-circulation emulsifying and dispersing arrangement
CN102085460A (zh) * 2009-12-02 2011-06-08 南通中元实业有限公司 分散乳化机
US11718797B2 (en) * 2010-04-14 2023-08-08 Earle Refining Llc Device for treatment of a liquid
CN110508175A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2019-11-29 曹立伟 一种造纸用便于清理的纸浆搅拌装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0673677A4 (fr) 1995-08-08
WO1994009894A1 (fr) 1994-05-11
AU6280394A (en) 1994-05-24

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