EP0671216A2 - Spray nozzle for generating a double conical spray - Google Patents
Spray nozzle for generating a double conical spray Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0671216A2 EP0671216A2 EP94119899A EP94119899A EP0671216A2 EP 0671216 A2 EP0671216 A2 EP 0671216A2 EP 94119899 A EP94119899 A EP 94119899A EP 94119899 A EP94119899 A EP 94119899A EP 0671216 A2 EP0671216 A2 EP 0671216A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- flow
- swirl
- mixing chamber
- spray nozzle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
- B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
- B05B1/3489—Nozzles having concentric outlets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/05—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing with two or more outlets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
- B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
- B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
- B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
- B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
- B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
- B05B1/3442—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a cone having the same axis as the outlet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
- B05B7/061—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with several liquid outlets discharging one or several liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/10—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge producing a swirling discharge
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spray nozzle for generating spray mists in the low-pressure process, in particular for firefighting with stationary water mist fire extinguishing systems, the spray nozzle installed radially in a pipe of the fire extinguishing system consisting of a housing with a flow body built therein, forming a swirl mixing chamber, which is on its surface or has several helical swirl grooves with an axial inlet opening, the swirl grooves forming swirl channels with the housing, which end in a swirl mixing chamber formed by the housing and the flow body, and in that the flow body ends with a peg in front of the cylindrical nozzle opening.
- Such nozzles are used for spraying liquids, with the aim being a uniform spray pattern with regard to the liquid distribution, in particular in fire extinguishing systems.
- a nozzle is described in the patent specification DD 116 398, which consists of a hollow nozzle body and a nozzle insert with an external swirl groove. These nozzles essentially spray an annulus. The area inside the annulus is sprayed only slightly. This means that when the water flow is released from the nozzle, a hollow cone is formed by the formation of internal vortices in the spray cone.
- Another disadvantage with the older spray nozzle is seen in the fact that the swirl channels provided tend to clog and, in addition, the swirl body causes high processing times during manufacture.
- the invention has for its object to provide a spray nozzle with which the disadvantages of the older spray nozzles are avoided and with which a spray cone is produced as a full cone with a more intensive internal vortex formation.
- the flow body is seated in a flow housing supported by a jacket housing, which has a cylindrical tube with the cylindrical nozzle opening at the lower end, that the flow housing together with the jacket housing has an outer swirl mixing chamber and one at a distance from the lower end of the tube lying annular gap, and that the casing is provided with one or more tangentially and radially inclined bores which end in the outer swirl mixing chamber.
- This spray nozzle creates an inner spray cone with coarser water drops and an outer spray cone with fine water drops.
- the water flow flowing through the inner swirl mixing chamber emerges from the nozzle opening over a short distance as a bundled, twisted and pressure-increased inner jet.
- the resulting outer spray cone is extremely stable from the operating pressure, even if the upstream pressure, ie the pressure in the pipeline, fluctuates.
- the spray angle of the emerging spray mist can be between 60 ° and 140 ° for the outer and 60 ° to 90 ° for the inner spray cone due to a corresponding flow body and nozzle outlet geometry. Details of this are given in the description of the drawing.
- the outer, higher set annular gap and the inner cylindrical nozzle opening cause an intensive mixing of the two spray cones to a full cone.
- the nozzle outlets of both nozzles are matched to one another in such a way that the outer spray cone penetrates the inner spray cone at an angle in the initial area and thus accelerates the inner spray cone.
- the flow rates of the two water flows are coordinated so that they are both the same. This results in a partial mixing of the two swarms of drops.
- the result of this is that the hollow cone typical of swirl nozzles is avoided when the water emerges from the nozzle through the outer, finer spray cone. Mixing the swarms of drops from both spray cones results in a larger throw and better penetration of the total spray jets.
- the containment and penetration effect is improved.
- the nozzle is particularly suitable for fire fighting, with particularly intensively burning fuels in the fire cooling phase.
- the spray nozzle 1 which is inserted radially in a pipeline 2, consists of an inner flow housing 6 and a jacket housing 11 surrounding it.
- a flow body 3 is inserted into the flow housing 6, which consists of an upper cylindrical part 23, a conical middle part 16 and a lower cylindrical pin 9 there.
- the cylindrical part 23 is embedded in an inner bore 24 of the flow housing 6.
- the surface of the conical middle part 16 is with provided several helical swirl grooves 4 which are connected to axial inlet openings 5 in the cylindrical part 23.
- the flow housing 6 is formed in the region of the central part 16 as a conical bore 17, and both parts 6, 17 are designed such that they sit in one another almost without a gap. This configuration forms swirl channels 7 which end in an inner swirl mixing chamber 8.
- the jacket housing 11 surrounding the flow housing 6 is designed in such a way that an outer swirl mixing chamber 13 is formed which merges into an annular gap 14 via a tapering section.
- the annular gap 14 is located in the region of a cylindrical tube 12 of the flow housing 6 and is arranged above the lower end of the tube 12.
- the casing 11 is provided with a plurality of radially and tangentially inclined bores 15 which end in the outer swirl mixing chamber 13.
- the jacket housing 11 is surrounded by a protective housing 20 which, together with the jacket housing 11, forms an annular space 21 from which the bores 15 extend.
- the protective housing 20 with the annular space 21 is also an advantageous embodiment for manufacturing reasons.
- the protective housing 20 is pulled down so far with its lower end 22 that it forms a protection for the cylindrical tube 12 of the flow housing 6.
- the water to be atomized is led through two separate waterways.
- One way goes through the inlet openings 5 and the swirl channels 7 to the cylindrical nozzle opening 10 and forms an inner spray cone there.
- the second water path passes through the annular space 21 and the bores 15 to the slightly higher annular gap 14, from which the water emerges as an outer spray cone.
- the incoming flow is stabilized and accelerated via the swirl channels 7 and the inner swirl mixing chamber 8.
- the flowing water stream emerges from the cylindrical nozzle opening 10 as a bundled, twisted and pressure-increased internal jet with coarser water droplets.
- the swirl channels 7 run helically at an angle of 30 ° to 60 °. In contrast to the previously known spray mist nozzles, this construction further accelerates the water flow in the swirl channels.
- the swirl channels also cause the bundles of drops to be severely torn open, which leads to rupture of the tropical surface. This results in an increased throw distance and penetrability of the spray jet with a full cone at the source of the fire.
- the swirl channels 7 run out in the inner swirl mixing chamber 8, which leads to swirling and thus to further surface bursting of the water flow.
- the pin 9 provides the water flow in the inner swirl mixing chamber 8 with stabilization and concentration before it leaves the spray nozzle through the nozzle opening 10.
- the inner spray cone produced in this way is characterized by a somewhat coarser drop spectrum.
- the drops in the inner spray cone serve as a carrier medium for the finer drops in the outer spray cone.
- the annular gap 14 formed by the cylindrical tube 12 and the jacket housing 11 brings about additional stabilization and bundling of the outer spray cone emerging from the annular gap 14 in the outer swirl mixing chamber 13.
- a vortex zone forms within the spray cone edge, which ensures particularly good mixing with the inner spray cone.
- the invention provides that the ratio the cross section of the swirl channels 7 to the largest ring cross section of the inner swirl mixing chamber 8 is in a range from 1: 2 to 1: 5 and that the ratio of the cross section of the bores 15 to the largest ring cross section of the outer swirl mixing chamber 13 is in a range from 1: 2 to 1: 10 lies.
- the inner spray cone is released as a full cone by the special design of the inner swirl mixing chamber with the cylindrical pin 9 of the flow body 3 and the cylindrical nozzle opening 10 arranged underneath, which has no instabilities.
- the liquid film should be further rubbed. This can be done by roughening the water-carrying surfaces in the outer 13 and in the inner swirl mixing chamber 8 and the inner surface of the flow body 3 in the region of the swirl channels 7. Roughening can be carried out in the usual way.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sprühdüse zur Erzeugung von Sprühnebeln im Niederdruckverfahren, insbesondere für die Brandbekämpfung mit stationären Wassernebel-Feuerlöschanlagen, wobei die radial in einer Rohrleitung der Feuerlöschanlage eingebaute Sprühdüse aus einem Gehäuse mit einem darin eingebauten eine Drallmischkammer bildenden Strömungskörper besteht, der auf seiner Oberfläche ein oder mehrere wendelförmige Drallnuten mit axialer Eintrittsöffnung aufweist, wobei die Drallnuten mit dem Gehäuse Drallkanäle bilden, die in einer vom Gehäuse und dem Strömungskörper gebildeten Drallmischkammer enden und daß der Strömungskörper mit einem Zapfen vor der zylindrischen Düsenöffnung endet.The invention relates to a spray nozzle for generating spray mists in the low-pressure process, in particular for firefighting with stationary water mist fire extinguishing systems, the spray nozzle installed radially in a pipe of the fire extinguishing system consisting of a housing with a flow body built therein, forming a swirl mixing chamber, which is on its surface or has several helical swirl grooves with an axial inlet opening, the swirl grooves forming swirl channels with the housing, which end in a swirl mixing chamber formed by the housing and the flow body, and in that the flow body ends with a peg in front of the cylindrical nozzle opening.
Derartige Düsen werden zum Versprühen von Flüssigkeiten verwendet, wobei bezüglich der Flüssigkeitsverteilung ein gleichmäßiges Sprühbild, insbesondere in Feuerlöschanlagen angestrebt wird. In der Patentschrift DD 116 398 wird eine solche Düse beschrieben, die aus einem Düsenhohlkörper und einem Düseneinsatz mit äußerer Drallnut besteht. Diese Düsen besprühen im wesentlichen einen Kreisring. Die Fläche innerhalb des Kreisringes wird nur gering besprüht. D.h., daß sich bei Freisetzung des Wasserstromes aus der Düse durch die Ausbildung von Innenwirbeln im Sprühkegel ein Hohlkegel einstellt. Ein weiterer Nachteil bei der älteren Sprühdüse wird darin gesehen, daß die vorgesehenen Drallkanäle zur Verstopfung neigen und außerdem der Drallkörper bei der Herstellung hohe Bearbeitungszeiten verursacht.Such nozzles are used for spraying liquids, with the aim being a uniform spray pattern with regard to the liquid distribution, in particular in fire extinguishing systems. Such a nozzle is described in the patent specification DD 116 398, which consists of a hollow nozzle body and a nozzle insert with an external swirl groove. These nozzles essentially spray an annulus. The area inside the annulus is sprayed only slightly. This means that when the water flow is released from the nozzle, a hollow cone is formed by the formation of internal vortices in the spray cone. Another disadvantage with the older spray nozzle is seen in the fact that the swirl channels provided tend to clog and, in addition, the swirl body causes high processing times during manufacture.
Bei einer weiteren Düse nach der Patentschrift DD 211 805 werden zwei Flüssigkeitsströme beim Austritt vermischt. Der Nachteil dieser Lösung besteht in der starken Druckabhängigkeit der Anteile der Teilströme. Es wirken nur die Einzelströme ohne deren Vermischung.In a further nozzle according to the patent specification DD 211 805, two liquid flows are mixed at the outlet. The disadvantage of this solution is the strong pressure dependence of the portions of the partial flows. Only the individual flows work without mixing them.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde eine Sprühdüse zu schaffen, mit der die Nachteile der älteren Sprühdüsen vermieden werden und mit der ein Sprühkegel als Vollkegel mit einer intensiveren Innenwirbelbildung erzeugt wird.The invention has for its object to provide a spray nozzle with which the disadvantages of the older spray nozzles are avoided and with which a spray cone is produced as a full cone with a more intensive internal vortex formation.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß der Strömungskörper in einem von einem Mantelgehäuse gestützten Strömungsgehäuse sitzt, das am unteren Ende ein zylindrisches Rohr mit der zylindrischen Düsenöffnung aufweist, daß das Strömungsgehäuse gemeinsam mit dem Mantelgehäuse eine äußere Drallmischkammer und einen mit Abstand zum unteren Ende des Rohres liegenden Ringspalt bildet, und daß das Mantelgehäuse mit ein oder mehreren tangential und radial geneigten Bohrungen versehen ist, die in der äußeren Drallmischkammer enden.This object is achieved in that the flow body is seated in a flow housing supported by a jacket housing, which has a cylindrical tube with the cylindrical nozzle opening at the lower end, that the flow housing together with the jacket housing has an outer swirl mixing chamber and one at a distance from the lower end of the tube lying annular gap, and that the casing is provided with one or more tangentially and radially inclined bores which end in the outer swirl mixing chamber.
Mit dieser Sprühdüse wird ein innerer Sprühkegel mit gröberen Wassertropfen und ein äußerer Sprühkegel mit feinen Wassertropfen erzeugt. Der durch die innere Drallmischkammer fließende Wasserstrom tritt aus der Düsenöffnung über eine kurze Wegstrecke als gebündelter, gedrallter und im Druck erhöhter Innenstrahl aus.This spray nozzle creates an inner spray cone with coarser water drops and an outer spray cone with fine water drops. The water flow flowing through the inner swirl mixing chamber emerges from the nozzle opening over a short distance as a bundled, twisted and pressure-increased inner jet.
Durch das sich an den Strömungskörper anschließende zylindrische Rohr und dem Mantelgehäuse, wodurch sich der Ringspalt ausbildet, erfolgt eine zusätzliche Stabilisierung und Bündelung des an der Ringdüse austretenden äußeren Strahles. Nach dieser Strecke kommt es zur Ausbildung eines äußeren Sprühkegels, in dem sich innerhalb des Sprühkegelmantels eine Wirbelzone ausbildet. Durch die besondere Gestaltung des Düsenaustritts, der äußeren Ringspaltdüse, wird ein Feinsprühnebel freigesetzt. Der damit entstehende äußere Sprühkegel ist ab dem Betriebsdruck äußerst stabil, auch wenn der Vordruck, d.h. der Druck in der Rohrleitung, schwankt.The cylindrical tube adjoining the flow body and the jacket housing, as a result of which the annular gap is formed, provide additional stabilization and bundling of the outer jet emerging at the annular nozzle. After this distance, an outer spray cone is formed, in which a vortex zone forms within the spray cone jacket. The special design of the nozzle outlet, the outer annular gap nozzle, releases a fine spray. The resulting outer spray cone is extremely stable from the operating pressure, even if the upstream pressure, ie the pressure in the pipeline, fluctuates.
Die Sprühwinkel der austretenden Sprühnebel können durch eine entsprechende Strömungskörper- und Düsenaustrittsgeometrie zwischen 60 ° und 140 ° für den äußeren und 60 ° bis 90 ° für den inneren Sprühkegel betragen. Einzelheiten hierzu sind in der Zeichnungsbeschreibung wiedergegeben.The spray angle of the emerging spray mist can be between 60 ° and 140 ° for the outer and 60 ° to 90 ° for the inner spray cone due to a corresponding flow body and nozzle outlet geometry. Details of this are given in the description of the drawing.
Der äußere, höher gesetzte Ringspalt und die innere zylindrische Düsenöffnung bewirken eine intensive Vermischung der beiden Sprühkegel zu einem Vollkegel.The outer, higher set annular gap and the inner cylindrical nozzle opening cause an intensive mixing of the two spray cones to a full cone.
Die Düsenaustritte beider Düsen sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, daß der äußere Sprühkegel den inneren Sprühkegel im Anfangsbereich unter einem Winkel durchdringt und damit den inneren Sprühkegel beschleunigt. Die Durchflußraten der beiden Wasserströme sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, daß sie beide gleich sind. Dadurch kommt es zu einer Teilvermischung der beiden Tropfenschwärme. Dies hat zur Folge, daß der für Dralldüsen typische Hohlkegel beim Austritt des Wassers aus der Düse durch den äußeren feineren Sprühkegel vermieden wird. Die Vermischung der Tropfenschwärme beider Sprühkegel hat eine größere Wurfweite und eine bessere Durchdringungsfähigkeit der Gesamtsprühstrahlen zur Folge. Der Einhausungs- und Tiefeneindringungseffekt wird verbessert. Dadurch ist die Düse besonders geeignet für die Brandbekämpfung, bei besonders intensiv brennenden Brandstoffen in der Brandabkühlungsphase.The nozzle outlets of both nozzles are matched to one another in such a way that the outer spray cone penetrates the inner spray cone at an angle in the initial area and thus accelerates the inner spray cone. The flow rates of the two water flows are coordinated so that they are both the same. This results in a partial mixing of the two swarms of drops. The result of this is that the hollow cone typical of swirl nozzles is avoided when the water emerges from the nozzle through the outer, finer spray cone. Mixing the swarms of drops from both spray cones results in a larger throw and better penetration of the total spray jets. The containment and penetration effect is improved. As a result, the nozzle is particularly suitable for fire fighting, with particularly intensively burning fuels in the fire cooling phase.
Die erfindungsgemäße Sprühdüse für die Erzeugung eines Doppel-Sprühnebeln-Kegels durch einen Trägerstrahl weist folgende weitere Vorteile auf:
- Der innere Sprühkegel vermeidet durch die Teilvermischung mit einem feinen äußeren Sprühkegel die Ausbildung eines Hohlkegels.
- Der durch die innere Düsenöffnung freigesetzte Sprühstrahl dient als Trägermedium für die sich im äußeren Sprühstrahl befindlichen Feintropfen.
- Durch die Vermischung der beiden Sprühkegel entsteht ein Tropfenschwarm, bestehend aus Grobtropfen und Feintropfen, die besonders für die Brandbekämpfung bei intensiv brennenden Brandstoffen geeignet sind.
- Due to the partial mixing with a fine outer spray cone, the inner spray cone prevents the formation of a hollow cone.
- The spray jet released through the inner nozzle opening serves as a carrier medium for the fine drops in the outer spray jet.
- Mixing the two spray cones creates a swarm of droplets consisting of coarse drops and fine drops that are particularly suitable for fighting fires with intensely burning fuels.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend näher beschrieben. Weiterhin wird die Wirkungsweise der Erfindung aufgezeigt und dabei auf weitere erfinderische Merkmale eingegangen.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. Furthermore, the mode of operation of the invention is shown and further inventive features are discussed.
Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch die Sprühdüse,
- Fig. 2 einen Schnitt gemäß Linie A-B in Fig. 1
- Fig. 3 einen Schnitt gemäß Linie C-D in Fig. 1.
- 1 shows a section through the spray nozzle,
- 2 shows a section along line AB in FIG. 1st
- 3 shows a section along line CD in FIG. 1.
Die Sprühdüse 1, die in einer Rohrleitung 2 radial eingesetzt ist, besteht aus einem inneren Strömungsgehäuse 6 und einem dieses umgebenden Mantelgehäuses 11. In das Strömungsgehäuse 6 ist ein Strömungskörper 3 eingesetzt, der aus einem oberen zylindrischen Teil 23, einem konischen Mittelteil 16 und einem unteren zylindrischen Zapfen 9 besteht. Der zylindrische Teil 23 ist in einer Innenbohrung 24 des Strömungsgehäuses 6 eingelassen. Die Oberfläche des konischen Mittelteils 16 ist mit mehreren wendelförmigen Drallnuten 4 versehen, die mit axialen Eintrittsöffnungen 5 im zylindrischen Teil 23 verbunden sind. Das Strömungsgehäuse 6 ist im Bereich des Mittelteiles 16 als konische Bohrung 17 ausgebildet, und beide Teile 6, 17 sind so ausgestaltet, daß sie nahezu spaltfrei ineinander sitzen. Durch diese Ausgestaltung werden Drallkanäle 7 gebildet, die in einer inneren Drallmischkammer 8 enden. Diese wird gebildet durch eine zylindrische Bohrung 18, die über eine sich verjüngende Bohrung 19 in die zylindrische Düsenöffnung 10 übergeht. Der Zapfen 9 endet im Bereich der Bohrung 19. Das das Strömungsgehäuse 6 umgebende Mantelgehäuse 11 ist derart ausgestaltet, daß sich eine äußere Drallmischkammer 13 bildet, die über ein sich verjüngendes Teilstück in einen Ringspalt 14 übergeht. Der Ringspalt 14 befindet sich im Bereich eines zylindrischen Rohres 12 des Strömungsgehäuses 6 und ist oberhalb des unteren Endes des Rohres 12 angeordnet. Fernerhin ist das Mantelgehäuse 11 mit mehreren radial und tangential geneigten Bohrungen 15 versehen, die in der äußeren Drallmischkammer 13 enden. Zur besseren Wasserzuführung ist das Mantelgehäuse 11 mit einem Schutzgehäuse 20 umgeben, das gemeinsam mit dem Mantelgehäuse 11 einen Ringraum 21 bildet, von dem die Bohrungen 15 ausgehen. Auch aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen ist das Schutzgehäuse 20 mit dem Ringraum 21 eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung. Fernerhin ist das Schutzgehäuse 20 mit seinem unteren Ende 22 so weit heruntergezogen, daß es einen Schutz für das zylindrische Rohr 12 des Strömungsgehäuses 6 bildet.The
Das zu vernebelnde Wasser wird über zwei getrennte Wasserwege geführt. Der eine Weg geht über die Eintrittsöffnungen 5 und die Drallkanäle 7 zur zylindrischen Düsenöffnung 10 und bildet dort einen inneren Sprühkegel. Der zweite Wasserweg gelangt über den Ringraum 21 und die Bohrungen 15 zu dem etwas höher gelegten Ringspalt 14, aus dem das Wasser als äußerer Sprühkegel austritt.The water to be atomized is led through two separate waterways. One way goes through the
Über die Drallkanäle 7 und der inneren Drallmischkammer 8 wird die eintretende Strömung stabilisiert und beschleunigt. Aus der zylindrischen Düsenöffnung 10 tritt der fließende Wasserstrom als gebündelter, gedrallter und im Druck erhöhter Innenstrahl mit gröberen Wassertröpfchen aus. Die Drallkanäle 7 verlaufen wendelförmig unter einem Winkel von 30 ° bis 60 °. Durch diese Konstruktion wird im Gegensatz zu den bisher bekannten Sprühnebeldüsen eine weitere Beschleunigung des Wasserstromes in den Drallkanälen erreicht. Die Drallkanäle bewirken fernerhin ein starkes Aufreißen der Tropfenbündel, was zu einem Zerplatzen der Tropenoberfläche führt. Dies bewirkt eine erhöhte Wurfweite und Durchdringungsfähigkeit des Sprühnebelstrahles mit Vollkegel am Brandherd. Die Drallkanäle 7 laufen in der inneren Drallmischkammer 8 aus, was zu einer Verwirbelung und damit zu einem weiteren Oberflächenzerplatzen des Wasserstromes führt. Durch den Zapfen 9 erhält der Wasserstrom in der inneren Drallmischkammer 8 eine Stabilisierung und Bündelung, bevor er die Sprühdüse durch die Düsenöffnung 10 verläßt. Der so erzeugte innere Sprühkegel ist durch ein etwas gröberes Tropfenspektrum gekennzeichnet. Die Tropfen des inneren Sprühkegels dienen als Trägermedium für die sich im äußeren Sprühkegel befindlichen feineren Tropfen.The incoming flow is stabilized and accelerated via the
Der durch das zylindrische Rohr 12 und dem Mantelgehäuse 11 gebildeten Ringspalt 14 bewirkt in der äußeren Drallmischkammer 13 eine zusätzliche Stabilisierung und Bündelung des aus dem Ringspalt 14 austretenden äußeren Sprühkegels. Innerhalb dieses äußeren Sprühkegels bildet sich innerhalb des Sprühkegelmantes eine Wirbelzone aus, die zu einer besonders guten Vermischung mit dem inneren Sprühkegel sorgt.The
Damit sich gleichmäßige, stabile und aus feinen bzw. aus gröberen Wassertropfen bestehende Sprühnebel ausbilden, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, daß das Verhältnis des Querschnittes der Drallkanäle 7 zum größten Ringquerschnitt der inneren Drallmischkammer 8 in einem Bereich von 1 : 2 bis 1 : 5 liegt und daß das Verhältnis des Querschnittes der Bohrungen 15 zum größten Ringquerschnitt der äußeren Drallmischkammer 13 in einem Bereich von 1 : 2 bis 1 : 10 liegt. Der innere Sprühkegel wird durch die besondere Ausgestaltung der inneren Drallmischkammer mit dem zylinderförmigen Zapfen 9 des Strömungskörpers 3 und der darunter angeordneten zylindrischen Düsenöffnung 10 als Vollkegel freigesetzt, der keine Instabilitäten aufweist.So that uniform, stable spray consisting of fine or coarser drops of water form, the invention provides that the ratio the cross section of the
Aufgrund der Einfachheit des Wirkprinzipes am Strömungseintritt (Bohrungen 15) zum äußeren Ringspalt 14, können größere tangentiale Bohrungen 15 bei niedrigster Durchflußrate zur Anwendung gebracht werden, weshalb eine Verstopfung der äußeren Ringspaltdüse erheblich minimiert wird.Due to the simplicity of the operating principle at the flow inlet (holes 15) to the outer
Um eine noch bessere Vernebelung des Wassers zu erreichen, soll der Flüssigkeitsfilm weiter zerrieben werden. Dies kann dadurch erfolgen, daß die wasserführenden Oberflächen in der äußeren 13 und in der inneren Drallmischkammer 8 sowie die innere Fläche des Strömungskörpers 3 im Bereich der Drallkanäle 7 aufgerauht sind. Eine Aufrauhung kann in üblicher Weise vorgenommen werden.In order to achieve an even better atomization of the water, the liquid film should be further rubbed. This can be done by roughening the water-carrying surfaces in the outer 13 and in the inner
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4407780 | 1994-03-09 | ||
DE4407780A DE4407780C2 (en) | 1994-03-09 | 1994-03-09 | Spray nozzle for creating a double spray cone |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0671216A2 true EP0671216A2 (en) | 1995-09-13 |
EP0671216A3 EP0671216A3 (en) | 1996-04-03 |
EP0671216B1 EP0671216B1 (en) | 2000-03-22 |
Family
ID=6512212
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94119899A Expired - Lifetime EP0671216B1 (en) | 1994-03-09 | 1994-12-16 | Spray nozzle for generating a double conical spray |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0671216B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE190867T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4407780C2 (en) |
FI (1) | FI108406B (en) |
NO (1) | NO301107B1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO1997031174A1 (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1997-08-28 | Ccore Technology & Licensing Limited | Axial-vortex jet drilling system and method |
WO2001064288A2 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2001-09-07 | Umbra Ingenieurgesellschaft Für Feuerlöschsysteme Mbh | Method and device for distributing liquid media |
WO2001064291A2 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2001-09-07 | Umbra Ingenieurgesellschaft Für Feuerlöschsysteme Mbh | Method and device for distributing liquid media |
GB2418611A (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2006-04-05 | Kidde Ip Holdings Ltd | A fire extinguishing nozzle and system |
EP1728535A2 (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-06 | Kidde IP Holdings Limited | Extinguishing fires and suppressing explosions |
WO2012141595A1 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-18 | Prevent Systems As | A fire-fighting extinguisher nozzle; a method for fabricating such nozzle, and a method for producing a spray of fine-droplet mist |
GB2500982A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-10-09 | Delavan Inc | Multiple spray cone atomiser |
US9180471B2 (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2015-11-10 | Lechler Gmbh | Two-substance nozzle and method for spraying a liquid-gas mixture |
CN111425156A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-07-17 | 湖南科技大学 | Spraying dust-settling drill rod and method thereof |
CN114534151A (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-05-27 | 中原工学院 | Water curtain system of thin water fog curtain shower nozzle and use this thin water fog curtain shower nozzle |
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DE19627353C1 (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 1997-10-23 | Feuerschutz G Knopf Gmbh | Dynamic fire extinction medium application e.g.for automatic fire extinction system |
DE19951886C2 (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2003-12-18 | Bayern Chemie Gmbh Flugchemie | extinguisher |
FI116661B (en) | 2004-12-15 | 2006-01-31 | Marioff Corp Oy | Water mist spray method for use in firefighting, involves performing swirling of spray nozzles in opposite directions of water spray in two nozzle chamber |
DE102008057295A1 (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2010-05-20 | Venjakob Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg | annular die |
DE102012019951A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-17 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Device for introducing a liquid into an exhaust gas stream and exhaust aftertreatment system |
DE102017113424A1 (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2018-12-20 | protectismundi GmbH | Method and device for producing a rotating hollow jet |
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- 1994-03-09 DE DE4407780A patent/DE4407780C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-12-16 AT AT94119899T patent/ATE190867T1/en active
- 1994-12-16 DE DE59409233T patent/DE59409233D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-16 EP EP94119899A patent/EP0671216B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1995
- 1995-03-03 NO NO950835A patent/NO301107B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-03-06 FI FI951026A patent/FI108406B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO1997031174A1 (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1997-08-28 | Ccore Technology & Licensing Limited | Axial-vortex jet drilling system and method |
US5862871A (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1999-01-26 | Ccore Technology & Licensing Limited, A Texas Limited Partnership | Axial-vortex jet drilling system and method |
WO2001064288A2 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2001-09-07 | Umbra Ingenieurgesellschaft Für Feuerlöschsysteme Mbh | Method and device for distributing liquid media |
WO2001064291A2 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2001-09-07 | Umbra Ingenieurgesellschaft Für Feuerlöschsysteme Mbh | Method and device for distributing liquid media |
US6766864B2 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2004-07-27 | Torsten Clauss | Fire-extinguishing sprayer with dynamic control |
US6814150B2 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2004-11-09 | Torsten Clauss | Dynamic fire-extinguishing system |
DE10010881B4 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2006-09-07 | Torsten Dipl.-Ing. Clauß | Method and device for discharging liquid media |
GB2418611A (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2006-04-05 | Kidde Ip Holdings Ltd | A fire extinguishing nozzle and system |
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EP1728535A2 (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2006-12-06 | Kidde IP Holdings Limited | Extinguishing fires and suppressing explosions |
EP1728535A3 (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2008-10-01 | Kidde IP Holdings Limited | Extinguishing fires and suppressing explosions |
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EP2255850A1 (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2010-12-01 | Kidde IP Holdings Limited | Extinguishing fires and suppressing explosions |
US8376247B2 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2013-02-19 | Kidde Ip Holdings Limited | Extinguishing fires and suppressing explosions |
WO2012141595A1 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-18 | Prevent Systems As | A fire-fighting extinguisher nozzle; a method for fabricating such nozzle, and a method for producing a spray of fine-droplet mist |
US9327151B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2016-05-03 | Prevent Systems As | Fire-fighting extinguisher nozzle; a method for fabricating such nozzle, and a method for producing a spray of fine-droplet mist |
GB2500982A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-10-09 | Delavan Inc | Multiple spray cone atomiser |
GB2500982B (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2014-08-06 | Delavan Inc | Single circuit multiple spray cone pressure atomizers |
US9180471B2 (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2015-11-10 | Lechler Gmbh | Two-substance nozzle and method for spraying a liquid-gas mixture |
CN111425156A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-07-17 | 湖南科技大学 | Spraying dust-settling drill rod and method thereof |
CN114534151A (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-05-27 | 中原工学院 | Water curtain system of thin water fog curtain shower nozzle and use this thin water fog curtain shower nozzle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI951026A0 (en) | 1995-03-06 |
ATE190867T1 (en) | 2000-04-15 |
DE4407780C2 (en) | 1996-02-08 |
FI951026A (en) | 1995-09-10 |
NO301107B1 (en) | 1997-09-15 |
EP0671216A3 (en) | 1996-04-03 |
FI108406B (en) | 2002-01-31 |
EP0671216B1 (en) | 2000-03-22 |
NO950835D0 (en) | 1995-03-03 |
NO950835L (en) | 1995-09-11 |
DE4407780A1 (en) | 1995-10-05 |
DE59409233D1 (en) | 2000-04-27 |
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