EP0663505A1 - Automatic sliding door with at least one wing - Google Patents

Abstract

The door with at least one wing (1) is coupled to an endless belt (17) and a motor. There is an auxiliary drive used for abnormal operation, such as when there is a drop in the supply voltage, to open the door automatically. The doors are held by legs (15) onto trolleys (3) which are coupled to top or bottom sides (17',17'') of the belt. There is an idle trolley with a magnetic coupling between this and a working trolley. The auxiliary drive is a gas spring or elastomeric energy storage unit tensioned by the free trolley. For abnormal operation, the coupling is opened automatically and the stored energy opens one door wing.

Description

The invention relates to an automatic sliding door with at least one wing according to the preamble of claim 1.

Especially in public buildings, but also in many commercial operations, companies, offices, medical practices as well as in restaurants, hotels etc., motorized doors are increasingly being used. The sliding doors are very popular.

Such motor-driven sliding doors also have the advantage that, using sensors, the sliding doors can open automatically when a person approaches the sliding door. After leaving the immediate door area, the doors close again automatically.

In addition, there are requirements in almost all countries and regulations in order to fulfill the safety functions deemed essential. These safety functions concern, among other things, those dangerous situations, such as those that occur in the event of a power failure and / or in the event of a panic. In such situations, it must be possible to open the doors at any time, even manually, in order to always open a clear escape route.

Record Total Türöffnungssystem" (9.553/400/6000-3/89 B) bekannt geworden. Dieses Sicherheitssystem ist gleichermaßen bei einer einflügeligen wie beispielsweise einer zwei- oder mehrflügeligen automatischen Schiebetür einsetzbar.Door constructions that work in normal operation like normal sliding doors and that also have the safety function that they can be swung out from any position under adjustable pressure have proven particularly useful. On the one hand, this applies to the sliding door wing itself and, on the other hand, possibly also to the side wings provided laterally therefrom. Such doors that meet the applicable safety standards are, for example, from the AG brochure for door automation

Record Total door opening system "(9.553 / 400 / 6000-3 / 89 B) has become known. This security system can be used equally with a single-leaf as for example a double or multi-leaf automatic sliding door.

According to WO 90/13723 or DE 39 40 762 A1, it has now also been proposed to provide an auxiliary drive for an automatic sliding door with at least one leaf. When the door is closed normally, energy is supplied to the auxiliary drive and stored therein. In the event of a power failure (power failure) and the simultaneous disconnection of the normal drive, this previously stored energy is now used to open the sliding door.

In the case of a double-leaf door, one of the door leaves is moved into its open position in the event of a power failure, the second being coupled by the rotating belt drive and also the second in the sense of an opposite movement Door leaf in the opposite direction, ie is also moved into its open position. The auxiliary drive preferably consists of a rubber-elastic element which is itself fastened at one end to one of the two door leaves and is then guided via a deflection roller to a fastening point on the profile rail, the so-called fighter, which carries the door leaves. This long way is necessary so that the increase in the tensile forces applied by the elastic element does not increase too much in relation to the maximum adjustment path of the wing door. According to DE 92 00 341 U1, the auxiliary drive comprises a tension spring in the form of a long coil spring.

However, this construction has several disadvantages.

On the one hand, the energy store, which is preferably in the form of the aforementioned elastomeric element, must be supplied with energy during each normal closing operation of the door in order to provide the energy required to move the sliding door into the open position in the event of an emergency, for example if the power fails. I.e. With each opening and closing process of the door, the carriage is adversely loaded and relieved by the energy accumulator. In the event of a belt break, safety is not guaranteed if only one lift mechanism is used. Because only one of the door panels connected to it is always directly influenced and moved to the open position by means of the force accumulator that is usually only provided, whereas the second opposite door panel can only be adjusted to the open position by the moving belt itself.

Finally, it should also be noted that there are safety regulations in almost all countries that limit the maximum closing force to a certain value. A value of 150 N is frequently mentioned here. Since with the above explained generic state of the art of the door leaf has to work against the force of the spring accumulator during each closing operation, the remaining forces that are only available for the door closure are reduced. For example, if the energy stored in the energy accumulator were 70 N, only 80 N would be available to close the actual door leaves at a maximum permissible total force of 150 N. It can also be seen from this that a second energy accumulator cannot be used only for actuating the second door leaves which may be provided, since then 140 N are already required to load the two energy accumulators due to the closing process with a maximum of 150 N. In addition, it is not possible to minimize the energy charged in the at least one energy store during each closing operation, since otherwise the opening time of the at least one wing door is too long in an emergency, in particular in the event of a power failure. But here, too, there are usually prescribed maximum times within which a door leaf must be open in total or, for example, 75% or 80%.

The object of the present invention is therefore to create a sliding door arrangement which is improved compared to the prior art.

The object is achieved according to the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The present invention achieves significant improvements that are surprising compared to the prior art.

According to the invention it is namely provided that the one Carriage device carrying the door wing is coupled via a coupling to the transmission means which drives the door wing and is preferably designed in the form of a rotating belt and can thus be separated. Via a driver device which is fastened to the belt and the mentioned subsequent coupling, the carriage device is usually carried along in the opening and closing movement during normal operation and the door is opened and closed above it.

In the event of a power failure, the coupling provided between the entrainment and the carriage device is automatically opened, so that a force accumulator which can be moved with the entire arrangement becomes effective and the door is moved into the open position in the event of the driver or the propulsion or transmission means not being moved due to the power failure becomes.

This design principle offers the surprising possibility that the energy accumulator is designed as a moving energy accumulator. I.e. in deviation from the prior art, the energy accumulator is always loaded. I.e. it does not have to be reloaded each time the door closes differently from the prior art, since during normal operation when the door leaf is opened, no unloading of the energy accumulator, as in the prior art, has occurred.

According to the invention, the energy store is supported on the one hand at least indirectly on the drive or transmission means (preferably in the form of the rotating belt) and on the other hand on the carriage device.

The driver device connected to the drive means is preferably designed in the form of a free carriage, which preferably has a magnetic coupling with the the carriage device carrying the actual door wing, ie is usually coupled to a first of two provided carriages. In the event of a power failure, the magnetic coupling is automatically switched off, so that the door leaf in question can nevertheless be adjusted in its open position due to the constantly moving energy accumulator when the driver is now undisguised, ie carriage and rotating belt.

Since, as stated, the moving energy accumulator does not have to be reloaded every time the door is closed in normal operation, the maximum closing forces (for example 150 N), which are generally provided according to the safety regulations, are fully available for the usual closing process of the door .

The principle according to the invention also opens up the further advantage that a corresponding safety construction can be provided for each individual door leaf. Even if the drive means, i.e. the rotating drive belt, breaks, each door leaf can be swiveled into its open position independently and independently. All that is required is the usual electronic monitoring device, which automatically opens the magnetic coupling in the event of a broken belt and allows the release and opening movement of a door leaf that is intended for emergency operation.

Einfangen" und

Ankoppeln" des in seiner Öffnungsstellung befindlichen Türflügels wird der Kraftspeicher geladen. Der Ladevorgang ist beim Ankoppeln in Öffnungsstellung abgeschlossen. Anschließend wird der Kraftspeicher, wie im üblichen Betrieb auch, mit dem gesamten Türflügelantrieb mitverfahren.Should the power be switched on again after a power failure, then only the driver, preferably in the form of the free carriage, must be moved into the open position until it comes to rest next to the carriage device. By means of the coupling device provided, preferably in the form of the magnetic coupling, the carriage device carrying the door leaf becomes automatic reconnected and in normal closing operation with a correspondingly driven belt, the now coupled carriage device and thus the door leaf in question is returned to the usual closing position. Only in this latter case with

Capture "and

Coupling "of the door leaf in its open position loads the energy accumulator. The loading process is completed when coupling in the open position. Then, as in normal operation, the energy accumulator is moved with the entire door leaf drive.

It has also proven to be particularly favorable in the construction principle according to the invention that, in the event of a power failure, that is to say in emergency operation, no significant friction which would obstruct the opening process can be determined, since in this case the gear coupling and the belt guide do not have to be moved.

Figur 1 :

eine schematische frontseitige Ansicht auf eine geschlossene, zwei Flügel umfassende Schiebetür mit schematisch angedeuteter Laufwagen- und Antriebseinrichtung;

Figur 2 :

eine zu Figur 1 entsprechende Darstellung der geöffneten Schiebetürflügel im Normalbetrieb;

Figur 3 :

eine zu Figur 2 entsprechende Darstellung der geöffneten Schiebetürflügel im Notfall;

Figur 4 :

eine schematische Vertikalquerschnittsdarstellung durch eine Laufschiene mit eingehängtem Laufwagen;

Figur 5 :

eine schematische auszugsweise Frontdarstellung der erfindungsgmäßen Aufhäng- und Mitnehmereinrichtung unter Verwendung eines elastomeren, auf Zug beanspruchten Kraftspeichers;

Figur 6 :

eine Figur 5 entsprechende Darstellung eines abgewandelten Ausführungsbeispieles unter Verwendung einer Gasdruckfeder als Kraftspeicher.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. The individual shows:

Figure 1:

a schematic front view of a closed, two-wing sliding door with schematically indicated carriage and drive device;

Figure 2:

a representation corresponding to Figure 1 of the opened sliding door in normal operation;

Figure 3:

a representation corresponding to Figure 2 of the opened sliding door in an emergency;

Figure 4:

a schematic vertical cross-sectional view by a running rail with a suspended carriage;

Figure 5:

is a schematic partial front view of the suspension and driver device according to the invention using an elastomeric energy store that is subjected to tension;

Figure 6:

a representation corresponding to Figure 5 of a modified embodiment using a gas pressure spring as an energy store.

In the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures, a door is shown with two door leaves 1 which can be displaced from its central closed position into its laterally open position. Each door leaf 1 is displaceably held and guided via a carriage device 3 with two carriages 3 'and 3''which are offset in the longitudinal direction of the door leaf 1. For this purpose, the carriage device 3 with the two carriages 3 'and 3''are guided in a running rail 5 fastened to the wall. The running rail 5 has an upper and lower running surface which is convex in cross section to the running direction and on which running wheels 9, 11 provided with correspondingly concave running surfaces run. From the drawings it can be seen that each carriage 3 ', 3''between a pair of running wheels 9 running on the lower running surface 7' comprises an intermediate middle wheel 11 which is arranged in the vertical direction and is slightly offset upwards and which on the upper running surface 7 '' rolls off. By means of an appropriate fastening and adjustment mechanism, these carriages can be inserted into the running rail from the side and, by means of transverse adjustment and locking of the middle wheel of the carriage, so that they cannot be lost the guide rail.

Each of the two wings 1 is held on the carriage device 3 in question in the longitudinal direction of the running rail 5 by means of the carriages thus formed and a supporting profile 13 coupled therewith with supporting parts 15 attached to them.

For the sake of clarity, the running rail is only indicated globally in FIGS. 1 to 3.

The door leaves 1 shown in the drawings are, as is known per se, adjusted between their closed and open positions by means of a motor (not shown in detail), usually an electric motor, with a possibly connected transmission and a preferably rotating drive and transmission means 17. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the drive means 17 is a drive belt, which is circumferentially offset over two longitudinally displaced sliding doors on a closed path.

In normal operation, the adjustment of the door leaf 1 is carried out by a corresponding coupling of the one door leaf, for example with the lower run 17 ″ and the other door leaf with the upper run 17 ′ of the drive means formed in the form of a rotating belt 17 in the exemplary embodiment shown.

The corresponding adjustment movement takes place in the exemplary embodiment shown according to the figures by means of a driver device 21 in the form of a free carriage 21 '. This principle of the structure of this free carriage 21' corresponds to the carriage 3 'and 3''explained. In addition, a cross-section is shown in FIG Fastening device 25, for example, the free carriage 21 'assigned to the left door in FIGS. 1 to 3 with the upper run 17' and the free carriage 21 'assigned to the other door leaf with the lower run 17''permanently and firmly coupled and connected.

Furthermore, a coupling device 27 is provided between the free carriage 21 'and the respectively assigned carriage device 3, in the exemplary embodiment shown between the adjacent carriage 3'. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this is formed in the form of a magnetic coupling.

With this basic structure explained, the opening and closing operation of the automatic sliding door is carried out in the normal manner in normal operation. Ie in the event of a motor-driven opening movement of the sliding doors from the closing movement shown in FIG. 1 to the opening movement shown in FIG. 2, the drive transmission means 17, which is designed in the manner of a belt, is driven in a rotating manner via the electric motor (not shown in more detail), via which the driver device assigned to the left sliding door 1 'in the form of the free carriage 21', the coupled left carriage device 3 and the door leaf 1 'carried above it to the left and the driver device 21 coupled to the other run 17''the carriage device 3 assigned to it and thus the right door leaf 1 '' is moved to the right opening position. The end of the opening movement is electronically monitored and / or controlled by suitable and known measures. The closing movement takes place in the opposite direction, the carriage carriage device in question being rotated in the opposite direction by the drive transmission means 17, ie the belt 17, by the free carriage 21 'attached to it, with the coupling device 27 always closed and thus the door leaves are returned to the closed position.

For emergency operation, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 5, an energy storage device 31 projecting in the direction of the respective carriage device 3 and always moving with the free carriage 21 'is provided on the respective driver device 21 in the form of the free carriage 21'. In this exemplary embodiment, this consists of a support rail 33 fastened to the free carriage 21 ', on which there is a support rail 33 which is opposite the relevant free carriage 21', i.e. outer end 35, a deflection device 37 is preferably provided in the form of a deflection roller. The energy accumulator 31 in this exemplary embodiment comprises an elastomeric element 39, preferably in the form of a cord or tape, which at one end is indirectly connected to the drive means 17, i.e. In the exemplary embodiment shown, preferably attached to the carrier device 21 at the associated end of the mounting rail 33 at 34 and from there via the opposite deflection device 37 back to the carriage device 3, preferably to the carriage 3 'adjacent to the free carriage 21' and there at 36 is attached. In this embodiment, the support rail 33 is therefore parallel to the respective plane of the door leaf and thus also parallel to the running rail 5.

In an emergency situation, for example in the event of a power failure, the mode of operation is such that the magnet of the magnetic coupling in the coupling device 27 is automatically switched off and the clutch 27 is thus automatically opened. That is, the carriage device 3 is uncoupled from the free carriage 21 '. As a result, the force of the energy accumulator 31 is immediately effective. With the drive means 17 held stationary and the free carriage 21 'stationary, the force of the The energy storage device 31 in the form of the elastomeric element 39 automatically adjusts the carriage device 3 and thus the door leaf 1 held above it into the open position shown in FIG. 3. Since such a storage device is assigned to each door leaf, the adjustment movement for each door leaf can be carried out independently of the other.

As described above, the force or tension accumulator formed from an elastomeric element 39 is attached and supported on its driver device 21 at its fastening and / or application point 36 (FIG. 5). However, as can be seen from FIG. 3, the carriage 3 'facing the driver device 21 in the direction of the driver device 21 can be provided with a protruding support or extension rod 38 (FIG. 3), on which the carriage 3' is then displaced in the closed position in the closed position Attack point 36 is provided for the elastomeric element 39. As a result, the respective door leaf can be moved particularly easily in an emergency situation with the associated carriages 3 ', 3' 'beyond the end of the mounting rail 33 with its deflection device 37 to one end of the mounting rail 33.

Öffnens" verstellt oder geschaltet werden, wodurch selbst bei gerissenem Riemen automatisch beide Türflügel in Öffnungsstellung verstellt werden können.Even in the case of an always provided electronic safety and monitoring device for monitoring the usual functions and for determining abnormal functions, even if the belt breaks, this can be determined immediately by the electronics and, for example, the coupling device 27 in the sense of a

Opening "can be adjusted or switched, which means that both door leaves can be automatically adjusted to the open position even if the belt is torn.

Einfangen und Ankoppeln" der zuvor entkoppelten Laufwageneinrichtung 3 wird der Kraftspeicher 31 automatisch wieder geladen, d.h. das elastomere Element 39 wieder gespannt. Danach können die so eingefangenen Türen wieder automatisch im Normalbetrieb in ihre Schließstellung bzw. in ihre Öffnungsstellung gebracht werden, und zwar allein wieder durch entsprechende Ansteuerung und Umlaufbewegung des riemenartigen Antriebsmittels 17.Would electricity be available again after a power failure 3, the belt can be actuated again, starting from the position and position according to FIG. 3, by corresponding actuation of the drive means 17, so that when the door leaf 1 is in the open position, the free carriages 21 that are decoupled and in the middle (in the closed position) are located 'of the driver device 21 are moved into the open position until they reach the carriage device 3' and 3 '' and couple them again by automatically actuating the coupling device 27. With this

Catching and coupling "the previously decoupled carriage device 3, the energy store 31 is automatically reloaded, ie the elastomeric element 39 is tensioned again. The doors captured in this way can then be automatically brought back into their closed position or into their open position in normal operation, and again alone by appropriate activation and orbital movement of the belt-like drive means 17.

From the structure described it can also be seen that in normal operation the energy accumulator 31 is always followed when the doors are adjusted in the closed or in the open position, so that the energy accumulator 31 basically does not have to be supplied with new energy during normal operation nor does energy during the opening phase of the door is dissipated in normal operation.

In a departure from the exemplary embodiments explained so far, according to FIG. 6 it is only shown schematically for the door leaf 1 ′ lying on the left in FIGS. 1 to 3 that the energy accumulator 31 can also have other energy accumulator elements. In this embodiment, instead of an elastomeric element 39, a spring acting on pressure, preferably a gas pressure spring 43, is used, which is located on the driver device 21 at 36 and on the other on the carriage device 3, preferably on the supports the free carriage 3 'lying at 3''at 34. In this embodiment too, the force accumulator 31 thus formed is always moved along in normal operation. In the event of a power failure or an abnormal function controlled by the electronics with the clutch 27 open, the gas pressure spring 43 is effective in order to carry out the opening movement. Only when the door leaf is caught to restore normal function does the driver device 21 have to move against the force of the energy accumulator 31 with the energy accumulator loaded onto the door leaf in the open position until the clutch 27 is closed again.

Instead of the magnetic coupling explained, other positive and / or non-positive, also snap-like coupling devices can be provided. These can also be so effective, for example, with an integrated battery or with an integrated rechargeable battery that, in the event of a power failure, sufficient energy is available to open, for example, a positive, snap-like coupling.

Claims (12)

Automatic sliding door with at least one wing (1 ', 1''), which is operatively coupled to a drivable drive transmission means (17) that can be driven by a motor, and with a coupling device (27) and an auxiliary drive, which in the case an abnormal operation, in particular in the event of a power failure in the power supply, takes effect when the coupling device (27) is opened and the door opens automatically, characterized by the further features - The coupling device (27) is at least indirectly effective between the door leaf (1 ', 1'') and the drive transmission means (17), and - The auxiliary drive is supported at least indirectly once on the door leaf (1 ', 1'') assigned to it on the one hand and on the other hand at least indirectly on the drive transmission means (17) and is in normal operation with the drive transmission means (17) and the associated door leaf (1 ', 1'') can also be moved. Sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling device (27) and the auxiliary drive on the drive transmission means side on one with the drive transmission means firmly connected driver device (21) supports. Sliding door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the driver device (21) is designed in the form of a free carriage (21 '). Sliding door according to claim 3, characterized in that the carriage device (3) carrying the door leaves (1 ', 1'') and the free carriage (21') can be moved on a common running rail (5). Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the coupling device (27) between the driver device (21) and the carriage device (3) is designed in the form of a magnetic coupling. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coupling device (27) is formed in the form of a form-fitting coupling which can be actuated by means of an at least indirectly and preferably electrically actuated trigger member. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the coupling device (27) is formed in the form of a non-positive coupling which can be actuated via an at least indirectly and preferably electrically actuated trigger member. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that after the opening movement of the at least one door leaf (1) has taken place, normal operation can be carried out by the associated driver device (21), preferably in the form of a free carriage (21 '). by means of the drive transmission means (17) to the one in the open position Carriage device (3) with automatic closing of the clutch (27) can be moved. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the auxiliary drive consists of an energy store. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the auxiliary drive consists of a compression spring, preferably gas compression spring (43), which is supported and held on the carriage device (3) and the driver device (21). Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the auxiliary drive consists of an elastomeric element (39) which is subjected to tension, and which at its opposite ends is at least in the middle at least on the carriage device (3) and the other on the Driver device (21) is clamped or held, the elastomeric element (39) being guided between its anchoring points around a support arm projecting in the opening direction of an associated door leaf (1 ', 1'') and around a deflection device (37) formed there. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the carriage device (3), ie at least one carriage (3 ', 3''), is provided with a support or extension rod (38) projecting in the longitudinal direction of the running rail (5) , in which one of the two points of attack (36) for the auxiliary drive (39, 43) is then provided in the closed position in relation to the actual carriage (3 ', 3'').

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