EP0663488A1 - Ventilating element for roofs - Google Patents

Abstract

The sealing component is formed as a loop thread seal (22) which has loops (23) with a forward thread (25) and a back thread (26), the two threads not overlapping, or alternatively, they may overlap. The forward and back threads are arranged in the configuration of an eight or a multiple eight or a small figure 1. The loops are formed from threads which run in screw-line and/or spiral-form and/or plait-shaped formation. The loops or the forward and back threads of each loop run vertically or at an acute or obtuse angle to the longitudinal extent of the ventilation cap. The loops are brought together in adjacently arranged bundles.

Description

The invention relates to a ventilation element for roofs, with a fan cap arranged in the ridge, hip or ridge area, which is assigned at least one elastically flexible sealing member on the longitudinal edge.

It is known to use sealing elements made of foam in ventilation elements for roofs. It is disadvantageous that with different spacing differences and / or sharp-edged transitions, the foam is not able to achieve adequate tightness due to its structure. Another disadvantage is that the foam is subject to an aging process and becomes brittle over time, so that the durability and functional stability is not guaranteed. Finally, foam requires strong compression pressure, which makes laying difficult; accessible areas are also exposed to bird feeding and weathering. The gluing of the sealing elements made of foam with the fan cap harbors the risk that the adhesive loosens and the sealing elements fall off.

It is also known to use a fine thread brush with a plurality of elastic brush threads arranged in at least largely flow-tight packing as the sealing member. The disadvantage here is that the free thread ends - that is, the individual thread sharpeners - can bend, for example when they hit obstacles such as rough spots or edges, which jeopardizes the tightness. In general, the brush threads have the property of standing up very easily, as a result of which the flow-tight packing is no longer guaranteed, and moreover this makes a poor visual impression.

The invention has for its object to provide a ventilation element of the type mentioned, which is simple in construction, guarantees an optimal seal and adapts homogeneously to any roofing material.

The object presented above is achieved according to the invention in that the sealing member is designed as a loop thread seal. This configuration has the advantage that undesirable disorientations of the threads are avoided. This is because, due to the loop structure, there are no free thread ends, but there is always a curvature in the end area, which on the one hand avoids unintentional hooking and on the other hand gives a certain coupling effect to neighboring loops, so that overall a chaining and networking of the individual loops is present, so that they mutually influence each other positively, in particular hold them down, and keep a tight, flow-tight packing. This ensures optimal tightness at all times. The loop thread seal according to the invention thus has a very homogeneous behavior. A compression pressure is essentially not present in the subject of the invention, so that the loop thread seal according to the invention is very easy to lay and the components are not mechanically stressed. The loop thread seal is made of thread material, whereby the individual loops adjoin, overlap and so on create an elasticity which ensures the sealing function.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the loop thread seal has loops in which the back and forth threads do not overlap each other. by threading a loop is to be understood as the area that leads to the end of the reversal end; the return thread is the area that goes back to the starting point. If there is no overlap in a loop, it is a so-called meander arrangement. The above statements do not mean that adjacent loops do not overlap, but this is of course the case for reasons of tightness. Rather, the thread is placed in a loop in such a way that its back and forth threads do not overlap or cross each other.

Alternatively, however, it is possible for the loop thread seal to have loops in which the back and forth threads overlap. This creates a so-called loop.

All possibilities of loop formation can of course also be realized in any combination on the fan cap, the loop formation always leading to the individual threads being networked with one another.

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch einen Firstbereich des Daches eines Gebäudes,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung einer Fadenlegung für ein Abdichtorgan,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung der Fassung des Fadenorgans,

Fig. 4

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des Abdichtorgans in schematischer Darstellung in gefaßten, Zustand,

Fig. 5

eine Anordnung nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel entsprechend der Ausgestaltung in Fig. 4,

Fig. 6

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines im noch ungefaßten Zustand befindlichen Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung der Fadenlegung nach einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel,

Fig. 8

die Anordnung der Fig. 7 in gefaßtem Zustand,

Fig. 9

das Abdichtorgan gemäß Fig. 3, jedoch in gefaßtem Zustand,

Fig. 10

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 11

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 12

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 13

eine schematische Darstellung von bündelweise gefaßten Abdichtelementen eines Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 14

ein Ausführungsbeispiel mit gebündelten Abdichtelementen eines Abdichtorgans gemäß der Fig. 13,

Fig. 15

eine schematische Darstellung von mit Querfäden versehenen Schlaufenfäden eines Abdichtorgans, wobei es sich um abgelängte Schlaufenfäden handelt,

Fig. 16

ein der Fig. 15 entsprechendes Ausführungsbeispiel, jedoch mit einem Endlos-Faden,

Fig. 17

ein der Fig. 10 entsprechendes Ausführungsbeispiel, jedoch mit Querfäden,

Fig. 18

ein Abdichtorgan im noch nicht gefaßten Zustand mit gleich langer Schlaufenlänge,

Fig. 19

ein Abdichtorgan entsprechend dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 18, jedoch mit unterschiedlicher Schlaufenlänge,

Fig. 20

das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 18 im gefaßten Zustand,

Fig. 21

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 22

eine perspektivische Darstellung des Abdichtorgans nach einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel,

Fig. 23

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Abdichtorgans mit unterschiedlich langer Schlaufenlänge derart, daß ein keilförmiges Profil entsteht,

Fig. 24

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines mit unterschiedlich langen Schlaufen versehenen Abdichtorgans, wodurch ein Stufenprofil entsteht,

Fig. 25

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abdichtorgans mit schräg verlaufenden Schlaufen,

Fig. 26

das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 25, jedoch mit einseitig unterschiedlich langen Schlaufen,

Fig. 27

das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 25 in gefaßtem Zustand,

Fig. 28

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abdichtorgans mit in extremer Schrägstellung verlaufenden Schlaufen,

Fig. 29

ein Abdichtorgan, bei dem die Schlaufen eine Wirt-Position einnehmen, also im wesentlichen zufallsorientiert sind und

Fig. 30

eine Vorrichtung zur Erstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Abdichtorgans.

The drawings illustrate the invention on the basis of exemplary embodiments, namely:

Fig. 1

a cross section through a ridge area of the roof of a building,

Fig. 2

1 shows a schematic representation of threading for a sealing member,

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of the version of the thread organ,

Fig. 4

a further embodiment of the sealing member in a schematic representation in the state,

Fig. 5

an arrangement according to a further embodiment corresponding to the configuration in Fig. 4,

Fig. 6

another embodiment of a sealing member still in the unmounted state,

Fig. 7

1 shows a schematic illustration of the thread laying according to another exemplary embodiment,

Fig. 8

7 in the assembled state,

Fig. 9

3, but in the captured state,

Fig. 10

another embodiment of a sealing member,

Fig. 11

another embodiment of a sealing member,

Fig. 12

another embodiment of a sealing member,

Fig. 13

1 shows a schematic illustration of sealing elements of a sealing element, which are bundled together,

Fig. 14

an embodiment with bundled sealing elements of a sealing member according to FIG. 13,

Fig. 15

1 shows a schematic representation of loop threads of a sealing member provided with transverse threads, the loop threads being cut to length,

Fig. 16

15 an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 15, but with an endless thread,

Fig. 17

an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 10, but with transverse threads,

Fig. 18

a sealing element in the not yet grasped state with the same length of loop,

Fig. 19

a sealing member according to the embodiment of FIG. 18, but with different loop length,

Fig. 20

the embodiment of FIG. 18 in the captured state,

Fig. 21

a perspective view of a sealing member according to the invention,

Fig. 22

2 shows a perspective illustration of the sealing member according to another exemplary embodiment,

Fig. 23

3 shows a perspective illustration of a sealing member with a loop length of different lengths such that a wedge-shaped profile is produced,

Fig. 24

another embodiment of a sealing member provided with loops of different lengths, whereby a step profile is created,

Fig. 25

an embodiment of a sealing member with sloping loops,

Fig. 26

the embodiment of FIG. 25, but with loops of different lengths on one side,

Fig. 27

the embodiment of FIG. 25 in the captured state,

Fig. 28

an embodiment of a sealing member with loops running in extreme inclination,

Fig. 29

a sealing element in which the loops assume a host position, that is to say are essentially randomly oriented and

Fig. 30

a device for creating a sealing member according to the invention.

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through the roof of a house in the area of the ridge. The invention relates to a ventilation element 1, which, however, can not only be used in the ridge area of a roof, but can also be used in other areas, for example in the hip or ridge area. The ventilation element 1 is designed as a fan cap 2, which has side walls 3 and a top wall 4 lying in one piece therebetween. The ceiling wall 4 is penetrated by ventilation openings 6 on both sides of a fastening area 5.

The ridge area of the roof has counter plates 7 on which a slat holder 8 is fastened. In the fastening area of the slat holder 8 slats 9 are arranged, which are used for hanging and holding roof covering material 10. The slat holder 8 carries a ridge plate 11 to which the fan cap 2 - in the fastening area 5 - is fastened by means of screws 12. The screws 12 partially fasten a ridge clamp 13 at the same time, which serves to hold a ridge cover 14.

Sealing elements 16 are fastened in the region of inner sides 15 of the side walls 3 of the fan cap 2. This can be done for example by means of a clip connection, a plug-in connection, an adhesive connection or a screw connection. The sealing members 16 serve to close mostly irregularly large gaps 18 between the lower end of the side walls 3 of the fan cap 2 and the roof covering material 10 essentially in a fluid-tight manner. To ventilate the roof, the air can rise along arrows 19, pass through the ventilation openings 6 of the fan cap 2 (arrows 20) and exit in the area between the ridge cover 14 and above the respective sealing member 16 (arrow 21).

Each sealing element 16 according to the invention is designed as a loop thread seal 22. Each loop thread seal 22 consists of a plurality of loops 23, which consist of thread material 24. The thread material 24 is preferably a plastic material, that is, a plastic thread.

Each loop 23 consists of a back thread 25 and a back thread 26, the back thread 25 and the back thread 26 integrally merging into one another in a turning region 28 in the free end region 27, i. that is, an arcuate loop end 29 is formed at each loop 23 due to the turning area 28.

2 illustrates that the individual loops 23 are laid in a meandering manner by means of an endless thread 30. If these - according to FIG. 3 - are assigned to a socket 31, this is preferably done in such a way that a clamping plate 32 is placed under this meandering arrangement for the meandering longitudinal extension of the loops 23, and a holding strip, for example a wire 33, is placed on the meandering arrangement, that it runs centrally to the clamping plate 32. If the clamping plate 32 is now centered lengthwise, the wire 33 is clamped in and the meander arrangement is folded with it by an angle of 180 °, as a result of which the continuous thread 30 is held in the region of the clamping plate 32. The arrangement according to Fig. 9, d. i.e., a plurality of loops 23 are held by the socket 31, with the back and forth threads 25, 26 running approximately parallel to one another, i. that is, they are cross-free. Of course, FIG. 9 illustrates the loop thread seal 22 thus formed only schematically, since only a few loops 23 are shown. In reality, a large number of such loops 23 are arranged one above the other in a densely packed form and also in many layers and different lengths, so that overall a flow-tight packing results.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment which essentially corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. 9, but the back and forth threads 25, 26 are not laid without a cross, but a cross is provided, so that the configuration of an eight results overall.

The embodiment of FIG. 5 differs from that of FIG. 4 in that not a single-eight configuration, but a multiple-eight configuration is provided for each loop 23, ie there are several intersections of the back and forth thread 25, 26.

FIG. 6 illustrates the arrangement of FIG. 5 in that a loop 23 is shown there in the not yet grasped state. It is - as described in the embodiment of FIG. 3 - gripped by means of a clamping plate 32 and a wire 33 and thereby folded in the middle by 180 °.

The embodiment of FIG. 7 shows the configuration of loops 23 in the manner of a small 1's. Continuous filaments 30 are preferably also used to form such a configuration. According to FIG. 8, these are held in the region of their one end by means of a holder 31.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment in which the loops 23 are not essentially aligned in a position that is perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the socket 31, as is the case with the above exemplary embodiments, but the individual loops 23 form with the socket 31 and thus - in the assembled state - with the longitudinal extension of the fan cap 2 an acute or obtuse angle. Pointed and obtuse angles can also be provided alternately or in a stochastic distribution, which increases the crosslinking effect. The loops 23 are preferably arranged such that they cross each other, as can be seen from FIG. 10. The packing density is a general prerequisite for entry and flow sealing and applies to all exemplary embodiments from FIGS. 1 to 30.

FIG. 11 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a loop thread seal 22, in which the individual loops 23 are formed by threads 34 running in a helical and spiral manner. A further exemplary embodiment of a loop thread seal 22 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 12, in which the loops 23 are formed by threads 34 running in the form of braids.

FIG. 13 shows loops 23 which are held together as a bundle 36 by means of a suitable gathering element 35. The individual bundles 36 are held to form an overall loop thread seal by means of the holder 31 (FIG. 14), which in turn can preferably be designed as a clamping plate 32 to which the wire 33 is assigned becomes. The individual bundles 36, which are arranged side by side and partially overlapping, are grasped by edges of the clamping plate 32.

FIG. 15 shows an embodiment which corresponds to that of FIG. 9. One difference, however, is that the individual loops 23 are cross-linked by means of transverse threads 37. The transverse threads 37 can - according to FIG. 15 - also be designed as loops 38.

15, cut-to-length threads 34 are used, in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 16 an endless thread 30 is used which forms both the loops 23 and the loops 38. Due to the transverse threads 37, an increase in the networking of the loops 23 is brought about.

17 shows an embodiment in which the loops 23 run at acute or obtuse angles to the longitudinal extension of the socket 31 and in which the transverse threads 37 also do not have a parallel position to the longitudinal extension of the socket 31, as is the case with the exemplary embodiments in FIG 15 and 16 is the case, but they run at an angle, that is to say obliquely, to the longitudinal extent of the socket 31 and thus correspondingly obliquely to the longitudinal extent of the fan cap 2. It is also possible to form different angles, with an angular offset being periodically provided or is given at random.

FIG. 18 again illustrates an arrangement as can already be seen in FIG. 3, but the packing density of the individual loops 23 is illustrated, i. that is, the individual loops 23, which lie adjacent to one another, engage in one another and thus network to form an overall structure.

The embodiment of FIG. 19 differs from that of FIG. 18 in that loops 23 are used which have a loop length of different sizes, which results in a stepped or wedge-shaped profile of the loop thread direction 22.

In Fig. 20 the sealing member of Fig. 18 is shown in the finished state.

In order to clarify the dimension of the thickness extension of the loop thread seal 22 according to the invention, FIG. 21 shows a perspective illustration. It can clearly be seen that the clamping plate 32 has a U-shaped profile. The individual loops 23 are closely packed in a juxtaposition, one inside the other and one above the other.

22 shows a further exemplary embodiment, in which the socket 31 is not designed as a clamping plate 32, but rather as a plastic part which serves to fasten the individual loops 23 and in which the loops 23 can be glued and / or welded.

In Fig. 23 a wedge-shaped loop thread seal 22 is shown, which results from the fact that correspondingly long loops 23 are placed one above the other in such a way that the lowest packing density occurs at the end of the loops 23 and the greatest packing density occurs in the area of the socket 31 .

The embodiment of FIG. 24 differs in that the loops 23 are arranged in such a way that they result in a stepped profile of the loop thread seal 22. In order to create an arrangement which corresponds approximately to that of FIG. 8, the loops 23 are laid as shown in FIG. 25. They have the configuration of a large multiple-eight, the frame 31 being arranged in the region of the intersections of the eight-shape.

The embodiment according to FIG. 26 corresponds approximately to the embodiment of FIG. 25, but with different loop lengths, and this only on one side of the loop arrangement which has not yet been turned over; on the other hand there are loops 23 of equal length. The individual loops 23 can also be stored in a multiple-eight arrangement.

FIG. 27 shows the embodiment according to FIG. 25 in the finished state.

28 shows an exemplary embodiment of a loop thread seal 22 according to the invention, in which the individual loops 23 are at an extreme angular position Take the longitudinal extension of the socket 31, which creates a diverse overlap and concatenation.

29 shows an exemplary embodiment of a loop thread seal 22 according to the invention, in which the individual loops 23 assume a tangled position with respect to one another, i. that is, a kind of felt effect is achieved, whereby there is an extreme coupling of the individual loops 23.

Finally, FIG. 30 illustrates a possible production method for the loop arrangements of a loop thread seal 22 according to the invention. A plurality of dispenser rolls 39 are preferably provided, on which thread material 24 is wound as endless threads 30. The loop formation is carried out by means of a thread layer 40, which has eyes 41 corresponding to the number of continuous threads 30 through which the continuous threads 30 run, wherein a plurality of loops 23 can be laid at the same time. This results from the fact that the thread layer 40 is correspondingly moved by means of a device 42, which is not explained and illustrated in greater detail, so that a plurality of loops 23 are formed simultaneously. A device which causes the continuous threads 30 to be pulled off during the laying process is not shown, for reasons of simplification.

Claims (16)

Ventilation element for roofs, with a fan cap arranged in the ridge, hip or ridge area, which is assigned at least one elastically flexible sealing member on the longitudinal edge, characterized in that the sealing member (16) is designed as a loop thread seal (22). Ventilation element according to claim 1, characterized in that the loop thread seal (22) has loops (23) with a forward thread (25) and a return thread (26), in each of which the back and forth thread (25, 26) do not overlap. Ventilation element according to claim 1, characterized in that the loop thread direction (22) has loops (23) with a forward thread (25) and a return thread (26), in each of which the back and forth thread (25, 26) overlap. Ventilation element according to claim 3, characterized in that the back and forth threads (25, 26) of a loop (23) are arranged in the configuration of an eight or a multiple eight or a small one. Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loops (23) are formed by helical and / or spiral and / or braid-shaped threads (34). Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loops (23) or the back and forth thread (25, 26) of each loop (23) run vertically or at an acute or obtuse angle to the longitudinal extension of the fan cap (2) . Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loops 823) are networked like a fleece. Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loops (23) are combined to form bundles (36) arranged adjacent to one another. Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a portion of loops (23) are connected to one another by means of transverse threads (37), the transverse threads (37) preferably also forming loops (38), in particular meandering, eight-shaped, double-eight-shaped , multiple-eight-shaped or L-shaped. Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transverse threads (37) run essentially parallel or at an angle to the longitudinal extent of the fan cap (2). Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loops (23, 38) are formed by endless threads (30). Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loops (23) and the transverse threads (37) are integrally formed with one another. Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loops (23, 38) have different lengths and preferably lie on one another in multiple layers. Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loops (23, 38) in individual loop seal bundles lie side by side or one above the other and / or in a holder (31). Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loops (23, 38) lie on one another in the host position - felt effect. Ventilation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loops (23, 38) lie on one another and / or next to one another in such a way that they form a wedge-shaped contour.

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