EP0663488B1 - Ventilating element for roofs - Google Patents

Abstract

The sealing component is formed as a loop thread seal (22) which has loops (23) with a forward thread (25) and a back thread (26), the two threads not overlapping, or alternatively, they may overlap. The forward and back threads are arranged in the configuration of an eight or a multiple eight or a small figure 1. The loops are formed from threads which run in screw-line and/or spiral-form and/or plait-shaped formation. The loops or the forward and back threads of each loop run vertically or at an acute or obtuse angle to the longitudinal extent of the ventilation cap. The loops are brought together in adjacently arranged bundles.

Description

The invention relates to a fan cap as arranged in the ridge, hip or ridge area Ventilation element for roofs, at least one elastic on the longitudinal edge flexible sealing member is assigned.

It is known for ventilation elements for roofs sealing elements made of foam to use. The disadvantage is that at different distance differences and / or sharp edged transitions of the foam due to its structure not in the Is able to achieve sufficient tightness. It is also disadvantageous that the Foam is subject to an aging process and becomes brittle over time that the age and functional stability is not guaranteed. Finally requires Foam a strong compression pressure, which makes laying difficult; accessible areas are also exposed to bird feeding and weathering. The Sticking the sealing elements made of foam with the fan cap carries the risk that the glue comes off and the sealing elements fall off.

From EP-A-0 428 775 it is also known to use a fine thread brush as a sealing member with a variety of elastic, at least largely flow-tight Pack of arranged brush threads. The disadvantage here is that the free thread ends - i.e. the individual thread sharpeners - can bend, for example if they hit obstacles such as rough spots or edges, causing the tightness is questioned. In general, the brush threads have a lot easily the property to stand up, making the flow-tight packing not more is guaranteed, and this also makes a visually poor impression.

A sealing strip for windows is known from US Pat. No. 3,604,153 Has loop thread seal formed sealing member. Furthermore goes out US Pat. No. 4,713,130 discloses a sealing strip for windows and doors, which also at least partially has a sealing element designed as a loop thread seal.

The invention has for its object a ventilation element of the aforementioned To create a way that is simple, guarantees an optimal seal and adapts homogeneously to any roofing material.

The above-mentioned object is achieved in that the sealing member is designed as a loop thread seal and that at least a portion Loops are connected to each other by means of cross threads and the cross threads are preferably also form loops, in particular meandering, eight-shaped, double eight-shaped, are designed multiple-eight-shaped or 1-shaped. This configuration first has the advantage that undesirable disorientation of the threads is avoided are. This is because the loop structure means that there are no free thread ends are present, but there is always a curvature in the end region, on the one hand avoids unintentional rear hooking and on the other hand a certain Coupling effect to neighboring loops mediated, which in particular through the cross threads results, so that overall a chaining and networking of the individual Loops are present so that they have a positive influence on one another, in particular hold down, and keep a tight, flow-tight packing. This is always ensures optimal tightness. The loop thread seal according to the invention thus has a very homogeneous behavior. There is a compression print essentially not present in the subject of the invention, so that the invention Loop thread seal is very easy to lay and the components not mechanically stressed. The loop thread seal is made of thread material, taking each other by overlapping, overlapping and so on Loops set an elasticity that ensures the sealing function.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the loop thread seal Has loops in which the back and forth thread each other do not overlap. Threading a loop is to be understood as the area that extends up to leads to the reverse end; the return thread is the area that goes back again to the starting point. If there is no overlap on a loop, so it is a so-called meander arrangement. The foregoing do not mean that adjacent loops do not overlap, but this is of course the case for reasons of tightness. Rather, it is Thread laid in a loop in such a way that its back and forth threads meet each other do not overlap or cross.

Alternatively, however, it is possible for the loop thread seal to have loops, where the back and forth thread overlap. This creates a so-called Noose formed.

All possibilities of loop formation can of course also be used in any Combination can be realized on the fan cap, the loop formation always leads to the fact that the individual threads network with each other.

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch einen Firstbereich des Daches eines Gebäudes,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung einer Fadenlegung für ein Abdichtorgan,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung der Fassung des Fadenorgans,

Fig. 4

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des Abdichtorgans in schematischer Darstellung in gefaßtem Zustand,

Fig. 5

eine Anordnung nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel entsprechend der Ausgestaltung in Fig. 4,

Fig. 6

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines im noch ungefaßten Zustand befindlichen Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung der Fadenlegung nach einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel,

Fig. 8

die Anordnung der Fig. 7 in gefaßtem Zustand,

Fig. 9

das Abdichtorgan gemäß Fig. 3, jedoch in gefaßtem Zustand,

Fig. 10

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 11

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 12

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 13

eine schematische Darstellung von bündelweise gefaßten Abdichtelementen eines Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 14

ein Ausführungsbeispiel mit gebündelten Abdichtelementen eines Abdichtorgans gemäß der Fig. 13,

Fig. 15

eine schematische Darstellung von mit Querfäden versehenen Schlaufenfäden eines Abdichtorgans, wobei es sich um abgelängte Schlaufenfäden handelt,

Fig. 16

ein der Fig. 15 entsprechendes Ausführungsbeispiel, jedoch mit einem Endlos-Faden,

Fig. 17

ein der Fig. 10 entsprechendes Ausführungsbeispiel, jedoch mit Querfäden,

Fig. 18

ein Abdichtorgan im noch nicht gefaßten Zustand mit gleich langer Schlaufenlänge,

Fig. 19

ein Abdichtorgan entsprechend dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 18, jedoch mit unterschiedlicher Schlaufenlänge,

Fig. 20

das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 18 im gefaßten Zustand,

Fig. 21

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Abdichtorgans,

Fig. 22

eine perspektivische Darstellung des Abdichtorgans nach einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel,

Fig. 23

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Abdichtorgans mit unterschiedlich langer Schlaufenlänge derart, daß ein keilförmiges Profil entsteht,

Fig. 24

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines mit unterschiedlich langen Schlaufen versehenen Abdichtorgans, wodurch ein Stufenprofil entsteht,

Fig. 25

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abdichtorgans mit schräg verlaufenden Schlaufen,

Fig. 26

das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 25, jedoch mit einseitig unterschiedlich langen Schlaufen,

Fig. 27

das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 25 in gefaßtem Zustand,

Fig. 28

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abdichtorgans mit in extremer Schrägstellung verlaufenden Schlaufen,

Fig. 29

ein Abdichtorgan, bei dem die Schlaufen eine Wirr-Position einnehmen, also im wesentlichen zufallsorientiert sind und

Fig. 30

eine Vorrichtung zur Erstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Abdichtorgans.

The drawings illustrate the invention on the basis of exemplary embodiments, namely:

Fig. 1

a cross section through a ridge area of the roof of a building,

Fig. 2

1 shows a schematic representation of threading for a sealing member,

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of the version of the thread organ,

Fig. 4

another embodiment of the sealing member in a schematic representation in the captured state,

Fig. 5

an arrangement according to a further embodiment corresponding to the configuration in Fig. 4,

Fig. 6

another embodiment of a sealing member still in the unmounted state,

Fig. 7

1 shows a schematic illustration of the thread laying according to another exemplary embodiment,

Fig. 8

7 in the assembled state,

Fig. 9

3, but in the captured state,

Fig. 10

another embodiment of a sealing member,

Fig. 11

another embodiment of a sealing member,

Fig. 12

another embodiment of a sealing member,

Fig. 13

1 shows a schematic illustration of sealing elements of a sealing element, which are bundled together,

Fig. 14

an embodiment with bundled sealing elements of a sealing member according to FIG. 13,

Fig. 15

1 shows a schematic representation of loop threads of a sealing member provided with transverse threads, the loop threads being cut to length,

Fig. 16

15 an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 15, but with an endless thread,

Fig. 17

an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 10, but with transverse threads,

Fig. 18

a sealing element in the not yet grasped state with the same length of loop,

Fig. 19

a sealing member according to the embodiment of FIG. 18, but with different loop length,

Fig. 20

the embodiment of FIG. 18 in the captured state,

Fig. 21

a perspective view of a sealing member according to the invention,

Fig. 22

2 shows a perspective illustration of the sealing member according to another exemplary embodiment,

Fig. 23

3 shows a perspective illustration of a sealing member with a loop length of different lengths such that a wedge-shaped profile is produced,

Fig. 24

another embodiment of a sealing member provided with loops of different lengths, whereby a step profile is created,

Fig. 25

an embodiment of a sealing member with sloping loops,

Fig. 26

the embodiment of FIG. 25, but with loops of different lengths on one side,

Fig. 27

the embodiment of FIG. 25 in the captured state,

Fig. 28

an embodiment of a sealing member with loops running in extreme inclination,

Fig. 29

a sealing element in which the loops assume a tangled position, ie are essentially randomly oriented and

Fig. 30

a device for creating a sealing member according to the invention.

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through the roof of a house in the area of the ridge. The invention relates to a ventilation element 1, but not only in Ridge area of a roof can be used, but also in other areas can be used, for example in the hip or ridge area. The ventilation element 1 is designed as a fan cap 2, the side walls 3 and one piece in between has lying ceiling wall 4. The ceiling wall 4 is a fastening area on both sides 5 penetrated by ventilation openings 6.

The ridge area of the roof has counter plates 7 on which a lath holder 8 is attached. Slats 9 are arranged in the fastening area of the slat holder 8, which are used to hang and hold roofing material 10. The slat holder 8 carries a ridge plate 11 on which the fan cap 2 - in the fastening area 5 - is fastened by means of screws 12. The screws 12 partially secure at the same time a ridge clamp 13, which serves to hold a ridge cover 14.

In the area of the inner sides 15 of the side walls 3 of the fan cap 2 there are sealing members 16 attached. This can be done, for example, by means of a clip connection, a plug-in connection, an adhesive connection or a screw connection. The sealing members 16 are used, mostly irregularly large gaps 18 between the lower end of the side walls 3 of the fan cap 2 and the roofing material 10 to close substantially flow-tight. For ventilation of the On the roof, the air can rise along arrows 19, through the ventilation openings 6 of the fan cap 2 pass through (arrows 20) and in the area between the Step out the ridge cover 14 and above the respective sealing member 16 (Arrow 21).

Each sealing element 16 according to the invention is designed as a loop thread seal 22. Each loop thread seal 22 consists of a plurality of loops 23, which consist of thread material 24. The thread material 24 is preferably a plastic material, i.e. a plastic thread.

Each loop 23 consists of a back thread 25 and a back thread 26, the back thread 25 and the back thread 26 integrally merging into one another in a turning region 28 in the free end region 27, that is to say because of the turning region 28 an arcuate loop end 29 is formed for each loop 23 . It is essential, moreover, that at least a portion of loops 23 are connected to one another by means of transverse threads 37. Because this is not shown in detail in FIGS. 2 to 14 and 18 to 29, these figures are not part of the invention; they only serve for a better understanding of the formation of the loops.

2 illustrates that the individual loops 23 by means of an endless thread 30 are meandering. If these - according to FIG. 3 - are assigned to a socket 31, this is preferably done in such a way that for meandering longitudinal extension the loops 23 a clamping plate 32 is placed under this meandering arrangement, and a holding strip, for example a wire 33, is placed on the meander arrangement placed such that it runs centrally to the clamping plate 32. Now the clamp plate 32 bent lengthwise in the middle, the wire 33 is clamped and with it the Meander arrangement folded by the angle of 180 °, whereby the continuous thread 30 is held in the area of the clamping plate 32. The arrangement then arises according to Fig. 9, i.e. that is, a plurality of loops 23 are held by the holder 31, the back and forth threads 25, 26 are approximately parallel to each other, d. that is, they are set without crossing. Of course, FIG. 9 illustrates the one thus formed Loop thread seal 22 only schematically, since only a few loops 23 are shown are. In reality, a large number of such loops 23 become tightly packed Form and also in many layers and different lengths one above the other arranged so that there is an overall flow-tight packing.

Fig. 4 shows an embodiment which is essentially the embodiment corresponds to FIG. 9, but the back and forth threads 25, 26 are not free of crossings relocated, but there is an intersection, so that the overall configuration results in an eight.

The embodiment of FIG. 5 differs from that of FIG. 4 in that that not a single eight configuration, but a multiple eight configuration is provided in each loop 23, d. that is, there are several intersections of and return thread 25, 26.

FIG. 6 illustrates the arrangement of FIG. 5 by having a loop 23 in it is not yet shown state. It will - as in the embodiment 3 - described by means of a clamping plate 32 and a wire 33 and folded around 180 ° in the middle.

The embodiment of FIG. 7 shows the configuration of loops 23 in the Kind of a small 1's. It is preferred to form such a configuration continuous filaments 30 are also used. These are - according to FIG. 8 - by means of a Version 31 held in the area of one end.

10 shows an embodiment in which the loops 23 are not essentially are aligned in a position perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the Version 31 runs as is the case with the above exemplary embodiments is, but the individual loops 23 form with the socket 31 and thus - in assembled state - with the longitudinal extension of the fan cap 2 a pointed or obtuse angle. Pointed and obtuse angles can alternate or in stochastic distribution can be provided, which increases the crosslinking effect. The loops 23 are preferably arranged such that they cross each other, as can be seen from FIG. 10. The packing density is a general requirement for entry and flow sealing and applies to all embodiments of Fig. 1 to 30.

11 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a loop thread seal 22, in which the individual loops 23 of helical and spiral Threads 34 are formed. Another embodiment of an inventive Loop thread seal 22 is shown in FIG. 12, in which the loops 23 of braid-like threads 34 are formed.

FIG. 13 shows loops 23, which form bundles 36 by means of a suitable gathering element 35 are held together. The individual bundles 36 form a Overall loop thread seal held by the socket 31 (Fig. 14), which is preferred can in turn be designed as a clamping plate 32 to which the wire 33 is assigned becomes. By edging the clamping plate 32, the individual bundles 36, which are arranged side by side and partially overlapping, composed.

FIG. 15 shows an embodiment which corresponds to that of FIG. 9. A difference consists, however, in that the individual loops 23 by means of transverse threads 37 are networked with each other. The transverse threads 37 can - as shown in FIG. 15 - also as Loops 38 are formed.

While in the embodiment of FIG. 15 threads 34 cut to length are used 16, an endless thread 30 is used in the embodiment of FIG forms both the loops 23 and the loops 38. Because of the cross threads 37 an increase in the networking of the loops 23 is brought about.

Fig. 17 shows an embodiment in which the loops 23 under point or obtuse angles to the longitudinal extent of the socket 31 and at the also the transverse threads 37 are not in a position parallel to the longitudinal extension of the socket 31, as is the case with the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 15 and 16 Case is, but they run at an angle, so obliquely, to the longitudinal extent the socket 31 and thus obliquely to the longitudinal extent of the fan cap 2. It is also possible to form different angles, with an angular displacement can be provided periodically or given at random becomes.

FIG. 18 again illustrates an arrangement of the type already shown in FIG. 3 results, but the packing density of the individual loops 23 illustrates will, d. that is, the individual loops 23 which are adjacent to one another engage in one another and thus network into an overall structure.

The embodiment of FIG. 19 differs from that of FIG. 18 in that that loops 23 are used which have a different length loop have, whereby there is a stepped or wedge-shaped profile of the Loop thread direction 22 sets.

In Fig. 20 the sealing member of Fig. 18 is shown in the finished state.

The dimension of the thickness expansion of the loop thread seal according to the invention To clarify 22, FIG. 21 shows a perspective illustration. It can clearly be seen that the clamping plate 32 has a U-shaped profile. The individual loops 23 are closely packed in side by side, one inside the other and Stacked.

Fig. 22 shows a further embodiment in which the socket 31 is not as Clamping plate 32, but is designed as a plastic part that is used to attach the serves individual loops 23 and in which the loops 23 are glued and / or can be welded attached.

23 is a loop thread seal 22 which is wedge-shaped in profile shown, which results from the fact that correspondingly long loops 23 are superimposed such that the lowest packing density is at the end of the loops 23 and the greatest packing density occurs in the area of the socket 31.

The embodiment of FIG. 24 differs in that the loops 23 are arranged such that they have a stepped profile of the loop thread seal 22 result. In order to create an arrangement which corresponds approximately to that of FIG. 8, the loops 23 are laid as shown in FIG. 25. You assign the Configuration of a large multiple eight on, being in the area of the crossing points the socket 31 is arranged in the eight-shape.

The embodiment of FIG. 26 corresponds approximately to the embodiment of FIG 25, but with different loop lengths, and this only on one side, the loop arrangement not yet turned over; on the other Loops 23 of equal length are present on the side. This can also be done be that the individual loops 23 stored in a multiple eight arrangement become.

FIG. 27 shows the embodiment according to FIG. 25 in the finished state.

28 shows an exemplary embodiment of a loop thread seal according to the invention 22, in which the individual loops 23 have an extreme angular position Take in the longitudinal extension of the socket 31, causing a diverse overlap and chaining occurs.

29 shows an exemplary embodiment of a loop thread seal according to the invention 22, in which the individual loops 23 assume a tangled position with respect to one another, d. that is, a kind of felt effect is achieved, creating an extreme coupling of each Loops 23 are present.

Finally, FIG. 30 illustrates a possible method for manufacturing the loop arrangements a loop thread seal 22. Preferably a plurality of dispenser rolls 39 are provided on which thread material 24 are wound as continuous threads 30. By means of a thread layer 40, the corresponding of the number of continuous threads 30 has eyes 41 through which the Continuous threads 30 run, the loop formation is carried out, at the same time several loops 23 can be placed. This is due to the fact that the thread layer 40 by means of a device 42 which is not explained and illustrated in more detail is moved accordingly, so that a plurality of loops 23 arise simultaneously. A device that the pulling of the continuous filaments 30 during the laying process caused - is not shown - for reasons of simplification.

Claims (15)

1. A ventilator cap as a ventilating element for roofs which is disposed in the ridge, hip or edge region and which comprises at least one elastically flexible sealing member associated with its longitudinal edge, characterised in that the sealing member (16) is constructed as a looped fibre seal (22) and that at least one portion of loops (23) comprises loops which are joined to each other by means of transverse fibres (37), and the transverse fibres (37) preferably also form loops (38) and in particular are of meander-shaped, figure of eight-shaped, double figure of eight-shaped, multiple figure of eight-shaped or 1-shaped construction.
2. A ventilator cap according to claim 1, characterised in that the looped fibre seal (22) comprises loops (23) with an outward fibre (25) and a return fibre (26), in each of which the outward and return fibres (25, 26) do not overlap.
3. A ventilator cap according to claim 1, characterised in that the looped fibre seal (22) comprises loops (23) with an outward fibre (25) and a return fibre (26), in each of which the outward and return fibres (25, 26) overlap.
4. A ventilator cap according to claim 3, characterised in that the outward and return fibres (25, 26) of a loop (23) are disposed in the configuration of a figure of eight or of a multiple figure of eight or of a small 1.
5. A ventilator cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the loops (23) are formed from fibres (34) which run helically and/or spirally and/or in the form of plaits.
6. A ventilator cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the loops (23) or the outward and return fibres (25, 26) of each loop (23) extend perpendicularly to, or at an acute or obtuse angle to the longitudinal extent of the ventilator cap (2).
7. A ventilator cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the loops (23) are interlaced in the manner of a fleece.
8. A ventilator cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the loops (23) are combined to form bundles (36) disposed adjacent to one another.
9. A ventilator cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the transverse fibres (37) are substantially parallel to or run at an angle to the longitudinal extent of the ventilator cap (2).
10. A ventilator cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the loops (23, 38) are formed from continuous fibres (30).
11. A ventilator cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the loops (23) and the transverse fibres (37) are formed in one piece with each other.
12. A ventilator cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the loops (23, 38) are of different lengths and preferably rest on each other in multiple layers.
13. A ventilator cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the loops (23, 38) are situated in rows side by side or one above another in individual looped seal bundles and/or in a mounting (31).
14. A ventilator cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the loops (23, 38) are situated one above another in a tangled layer - a felt effect.
15. A ventilator cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the loops (23, 38) are situated one above another or side by side so that they form a wedge-shaped contour.

Images