EP0662591A1 - Boiler - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0662591A1
EP0662591A1 EP94116131A EP94116131A EP0662591A1 EP 0662591 A1 EP0662591 A1 EP 0662591A1 EP 94116131 A EP94116131 A EP 94116131A EP 94116131 A EP94116131 A EP 94116131A EP 0662591 A1 EP0662591 A1 EP 0662591A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
boiler
halves
flow
combustion chamber
boiler according
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EP94116131A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0662591B1 (en
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Gerhard Christian Dipl.-Ing. Rambacher
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F24H1/403—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes the water tubes being arranged in one or more circles around the burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a boiler for connection to the heating circuit of a hot water heating system with a combustion chamber having a burner opening and an exhaust gas opening and a thermally connected to the combustion chamber, a return connection and a flow connection for the heating circuit having water space.
  • Boilers of this type have a mostly cylindrical design, which consists of steel or gray cast iron and which has a water space which is arranged between an inner and an outer jacket and through which the heating water flows convectively.
  • the heating water is taken from the water space at the flow connection and returned at another point via the return connection.
  • there is a temperature distribution in the water area between the flow temperature and the return temperature which can also be found on the inside surface of the boiler.
  • the temperature differences within the boiler are intensified by the geometric asymmetries and dead spaces in the boiler, especially in the area of the burner door and the flue gas nozzle.
  • the known boilers also have a high weight, which both is perceived as disadvantageous during transport and assembly as well as because of the high heat capacity and the resulting long heating-up time.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a boiler of the type mentioned, which is easy to manufacture and assemble from a few parts with a lightweight design with the largest possible combustion chamber surface and which nevertheless ensures a largely uniform heat load on the entire combustion chamber surface.
  • the solution according to the invention is based on the idea that when using an essentially spherical combustion chamber, both radiation-optimized and flow-optimized heat transfer is ensured with a largely uniform load on the combustion chamber surface.
  • two mutually displaceable or pivotable boiler parts or boiler halves are provided, the substantially hemispherical inner surfaces of which complement the combustion chamber, and water pipes through which positive flow flows are formed or formed in the wall to form the water chamber are embedded.
  • the burner opening is expediently arranged on one side and the exhaust gas opening on the other half of the boiler. This results in a combustion chamber that is cooled as a whole without an uncooled burner door. For maintenance purposes, only the two boiler halves need to be pivoted or lifted apart.
  • the two boiler halves are expediently releasably connected to one another on a separating flange delimiting a large spherical circle, the separating flange of each boiler half having an annular separating surface with a semicircular groove for receiving a sealing strip.
  • the shell halves have substantially hemispherical outer surfaces that complement one another to form a solid sphere.
  • the burner opening and the exhaust gas opening can each be limited by a flange formed in the area of a small spherical circle concentric with the separating flange.
  • the boiler halves are made of aluminum, preferably of die-cast aluminum with cast-in water pipes made of stainless steel. If the two boiler halves are of the same design, they can be produced with the same mold.
  • several water pipes are provided on each half of the boiler, each with a return pipe and a flow pipe and a return pipe with the have associated connecting pipe connecting circular pipe bend, the circular pipe bends in the form of small circles concentric to each other and to the burner or exhaust opening are embedded in the wall material of the boiler halves, preferably projecting towards the outer surface.
  • the return pipe ends in a common return collector, while the supply pipe ends in a common flow collector.
  • the return collectors and the flow collectors of the two boiler halves are advantageously connected to one another by flexible hose lines, so that they can be pivoted or separated from one another to open the boiler.
  • each boiler half have a return pipe and a flow pipe, which are connected to one another by means of pipe coils which are essentially concentric with the burner or exhaust gas opening and are preferably embedded in the wall material of the respective boiler half and protrude from the outer surface.
  • At least one of the boiler halves has angularly spaced thermal conduction ribs which extend from the separating flange to the burner or exhaust gas opening and protrude radially after the boiler.
  • the boiler half having the exhaust gas opening, a hemispherical baffle, preferably supported on the free rib edges is used in such a way that a flow space for the exhaust gases, possibly divided by the heat-conducting fins, is formed between the baffle outer surface and the inner surface of the boiler.
  • the flow space has a flow cross-section which decreases from the inlet gap in the vicinity of the separating flange to the exhaust gas opening in accordance with the reduction in volume of the fuel gases in the flow direction.
  • the boiler according to the invention is particularly suitable for oil and gas burners with the shortest possible spherical flames.
  • the essentially hollow spherical boiler 10 shown in the drawing is intended for use in a hot water heating system. It consists essentially of two identically designed boiler halves 12, which can be detachably connected to one another by means of flange eyes 16 on a separating flange 14 delimiting a large circle of the boiler ball, and with the separating flange 14 open for cleaning and maintenance purposes in the direction of the arrow 18 are pivotable relative to one another about the swivel joint 20.
  • the separating flanges 14 have an annular flange surface 58, into which a groove 60, which extends over half the flange surface, is formed for receiving a sealing strip (not shown).
  • a further flange 22 is formed in each case, which delimits an opening 24 and which is intended for the connection of a burner 26 on the upper boiler half 12 and for the connection of an exhaust pipe 28 on the lower boiler half 12.
  • the water pipes 30, which are preferably made of stainless steel are cast with their pipe bends 32 in the course of manufacture, for example in the die-casting process, into the aluminum wall material of the boiler halves 12.
  • the pipe bends 32 are concentric with each other and to the separating flanges 14 on small circles of the boiler halves 12 so that they partially protrude on the spherical outer surface 33 of the boiler halves and connected to one another at their bent return and flow connections 34 in cast-on and stabilizing crossbars 38
  • Spigot holders 40 are guided outwards in a stable manner (cf. in particular FIGS. 3, 4 and 7).
  • a substantially spherical combustion chamber 44 is delimited by the inner surfaces 42 of the boiler halves 12.
  • a plurality of heat-conducting ribs 46 are formed on the inner surfaces 42 of the boiler halves 12, which are arranged at equal angular distances from one another and project radially inward and extend transversely to the pipe bend 32 of the water pipes 30.
  • an essentially hemispherical, bottom-side baffle pot 48 is also inserted into the boiler half 12 connected to the exhaust pipe 28, the outer surface of which is supported on the correspondingly spherically curved free edges 50 of the heat-conducting fins 46 and one through the heat-conducting fins 46 is channel-like divided flow space 52 limited.
  • a burner tube 44 extends through from the side of the burner 26 the opening 24 into the combustion chamber 44, via which a largely spherical flame 47 is generated with the supply of fuel. The heat radiated from the flame surface predominantly reaches the inner surface 42 on the burner-side boiler half 12 and is dissipated there to the flow side via the heating water conveyed through the water pipes 30 in forced circulation.
  • the hot flue gases generated during the combustion pass into the impact pot 48 on the side of the flame tip and are passed there in the direction of the arrows 54, releasing their heat content via the heat-conducting fins 46 and the inner surface 42 to the heating water flowing in the water pipes 30 for exhaust gas connection.
  • the resulting decrease in volume is compensated for by the decrease in cross section along the flow space 52 while maintaining an almost constant flow velocity of the flue gas.
  • the invention relates to a boiler 10 for connection to the heating circuit of a hot water heating system.
  • the combustion chamber 44 of the boiler is essentially hollow.
  • two boiler halves made of aluminum which can be pivoted relative to one another are provided, the essentially hemispherical inner surfaces 42 of which complement each other to form the combustion chamber 44 and water pipes 30 through which the flow of force flows are embedded in a positive manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

The heating boiler has a combustion chamber (44) with a burner aperture (26) and a flue gas aperture (28). A water chamber (36) is thermically connected to the combustion chamber. It has a forward flow connection and a return flow connection for the heating circuit. The combustion chamber is a hollow sphere. The boiler has two halves (12) pivotable or displaceable against one another, whose hemispherical inner surfaces supplement the combustion chamber and in whose walls water pipes (30) are embedded through which there is a forced flow, forming the water chamber. The boiler halves are aluminium press castings with moulded-in water pipes of refined steel.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Heizkessel für den Anschluß an den Heizkreislauf einer Heißwasser-Heizanlage mit einem eine Brenneröffnung und eine Abgasöffnung aufweisenden Brennraum und einem thermisch an den Brennraum angeschlossenen, einen Rücklaufanschluß und einen Vorlaufanschluß für den Heizkreislauf aufweisenden Wasserraum.The invention relates to a boiler for connection to the heating circuit of a hot water heating system with a combustion chamber having a burner opening and an exhaust gas opening and a thermally connected to the combustion chamber, a return connection and a flow connection for the heating circuit having water space.

Heizkessel dieser Art weisen eine meist zylindrische Bauform auf, die aus Stahl oder Grauguß besteht und die einen zwischen einem Innen- und einem Außenmantel angeordneten, von dem Heizwasser konvektiv durchströmten Wasserraum aufweist. Das Heizwasser wird dem Wasserraum am Vorlaufanschluß entnommen und an anderer Stelle über den Rücklaufanschluß zurückgeführt. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich im Wasserbereich eine Temperaturverteilung zwischen Vorlauftemperatur und Rücklauftemperatur, die sich auch auf der Innenflache des Heizkessels wiederfindet. Die Temperaturunterschiede innerhalb des Heizkessels werden verstärkt durch die geometrischen Unsymmetrien und Toträume im Kessel,insbesondere im Bereich der Brennertür und des Rauchgasstutzens. Vor allem im Niedertemperaturbereich besteht die Gefahr einer Taupunktsunterschreitung im Rauchgas und damit einer raschen Korrosion. Die bekannten Heizkessel weisen außerdem ein hohes Eigengewicht auf, das sowohl beim Transport und bei der Montage als auch wegen der hohen Wärmekapazität und der dadurch bedingten langen Aufheizzeit als nachteilig empfunden wird.Boilers of this type have a mostly cylindrical design, which consists of steel or gray cast iron and which has a water space which is arranged between an inner and an outer jacket and through which the heating water flows convectively. The heating water is taken from the water space at the flow connection and returned at another point via the return connection. In this way, there is a temperature distribution in the water area between the flow temperature and the return temperature, which can also be found on the inside surface of the boiler. The temperature differences within the boiler are intensified by the geometric asymmetries and dead spaces in the boiler, especially in the area of the burner door and the flue gas nozzle. Especially in the low temperature range there is a risk of the flue gas falling below the dew point and thus of rapid corrosion. The known boilers also have a high weight, which both is perceived as disadvantageous during transport and assembly as well as because of the high heat capacity and the resulting long heating-up time.

Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Heizkessel der eingangs angegebenen Art zu entwickeln, der bei leichter Bauweise mit möglichst großer Brennraumoberfläche aus wenigen Teilen einfach herstellbar und montierbar ist und bei dem trotzdem eine weitgehend gleichmäßige Wärmebelastung der gesamten Brennraumoberfläche gewährleistet ist.Proceeding from this, the invention has for its object to develop a boiler of the type mentioned, which is easy to manufacture and assemble from a few parts with a lightweight design with the largest possible combustion chamber surface and which nevertheless ensures a largely uniform heat load on the entire combustion chamber surface.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden die in den Patentansprüchen 1 und 2 angegebenen Merkmalskombinationen vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.To achieve this object, the combinations of features specified in claims 1 and 2 are proposed. Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention result from the dependent claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung geht von dem Gedanken aus, daß bei Verwendung eines im wesentlichen kugelförmigen Brennraums eine sowohl strahlungsoptimierte als auch strömungsoptimierte Wärmeübertragung bei weitgehend gleichmäßiger Belastung der Brennraumoberfläche gewährleistet ist. Um dies zu erreichen, wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß zwei gegeneinander verschieb- oder verschwenkbare Kesselteile oder Kesselhälften vorgesehen sind, deren im wesentlichen halbkugelförmige Innenflächen sich zu dem Brennraum ergänzen und in deren Wandung zwangsdurchströmte Wasserrohre unter Bildung des Wasserraums eingeformt oder formschlüssig eingebettet sind. Die Brenneröffnung ist dabei zweckmäßig an der einen und die Abgasöffnung an der anderen Kesselhälfte angeordnet. Man erhält dadurch einen in seiner Gesamtheit gekühlten Brennraum ohne ungekühlte Brennertür. Zu Wartungszwecken brauchen lediglich die beiden Kesselhälften gegeneinander verschwenkt oder voneinander abgehoben zu werden. Hierzu sind die beiden Kesselhälften zweckmäßig an einem einen Kugel-Großkreis begrenzenden Trennflansch lösbar miteinander verbunden, wobei der Trennflansch einer jeden Kesselhälfte eine kreisringförmige Trennfläche mit halbkreisförmiger Nut zur Aufnahme eines Dichtungsstreifens aufweisen kann.The solution according to the invention is based on the idea that when using an essentially spherical combustion chamber, both radiation-optimized and flow-optimized heat transfer is ensured with a largely uniform load on the combustion chamber surface. To achieve this, it is proposed according to the invention that two mutually displaceable or pivotable boiler parts or boiler halves are provided, the substantially hemispherical inner surfaces of which complement the combustion chamber, and water pipes through which positive flow flows are formed or formed in the wall to form the water chamber are embedded. The burner opening is expediently arranged on one side and the exhaust gas opening on the other half of the boiler. This results in a combustion chamber that is cooled as a whole without an uncooled burner door. For maintenance purposes, only the two boiler halves need to be pivoted or lifted apart. For this purpose, the two boiler halves are expediently releasably connected to one another on a separating flange delimiting a large spherical circle, the separating flange of each boiler half having an annular separating surface with a semicircular groove for receiving a sealing strip.

Vorteilhafterweise weisen die Kesselhälften im wesentlichen halbkugelförmige, sich zu einer Vollkugel ergänzende Außenflächen auf. Die Brenneröffnung und die Abgasöffnung können hierbei durch je einen im Bereich eines zum Trennflansch konzentrischen Kugel-Kleinkreises angeformten Flansch begrenzt werden.Advantageously, the shell halves have substantially hemispherical outer surfaces that complement one another to form a solid sphere. The burner opening and the exhaust gas opening can each be limited by a flange formed in the area of a small spherical circle concentric with the separating flange.

Eine besonders leichte Bauweise und hohe Wärmebelastbarkeit wird erzielt, wenn die Kesselhälften aus Aluminium, vorzugsweise aus Aluminium-Druckguß mit eingegossenen Wasserrohren aus Edelstahl bestehen. Wenn die beiden Kesselhälften gleich ausgebildet sind, können sie mit der gleichen Gußform hergestellt werden. Vorteilhafterweise sind an jeder Kesselhälfte mehrere Wasserrohre vorgesehen, die jeweils einen Rücklauf- und einen Vorlaufstutzen sowie einen den Rücklauf- mit dem zugehörigen Vorlaufstutzen verbindenden kreisförmigen Rohrbogen aufweisen, wobei die kreisförmigen Rohrbögen in Form von zueinander und zur Brenner- oder Abgasöffnung konzentrischen Kleinkreisen in das Wandmaterial der Kesselhälften vorzugsweise zur Außenfläche hin überstehend eingebettet sind. Die Rücklaufstutzen münden dabei zweckmäßig in einen gemeinsamen Rücklaufsammler, während die Vorlaufstutzen in einen gemeinsamen Vorlaufsammler münden. Die Rücklaufsammler und die Vorlaufsammler der beiden Kesselhälften sind vorteilhafterweise durch biegsame Schlauchleitungen miteinander verbunden, so daß sie zum Öffnen des Kessels gegeneinander verschwenkt oder voneinander getrennt werden können.A particularly light construction and high heat resistance is achieved if the boiler halves are made of aluminum, preferably of die-cast aluminum with cast-in water pipes made of stainless steel. If the two boiler halves are of the same design, they can be produced with the same mold. Advantageously, several water pipes are provided on each half of the boiler, each with a return pipe and a flow pipe and a return pipe with the have associated connecting pipe connecting circular pipe bend, the circular pipe bends in the form of small circles concentric to each other and to the burner or exhaust opening are embedded in the wall material of the boiler halves, preferably projecting towards the outer surface. The return pipe ends in a common return collector, while the supply pipe ends in a common flow collector. The return collectors and the flow collectors of the two boiler halves are advantageously connected to one another by flexible hose lines, so that they can be pivoted or separated from one another to open the boiler.

Alternativ hierzu weisen die Wasserrohre einer jeden Kesselhälfte einen Rücklauf- und einen Vorlaufstutzen auf, die über zur Brenner- oder Abgasöffnung im wesentlichen konzentrische, in das Wandmaterial der jeweiligen Kesselhälfte vorzugsweise zur Außenfläche überstehend eingebettete Rohrwendeln miteinander verbunden sind.As an alternative to this, the water pipes of each boiler half have a return pipe and a flow pipe, which are connected to one another by means of pipe coils which are essentially concentric with the burner or exhaust gas opening and are preferably embedded in the wall material of the respective boiler half and protrude from the outer surface.

Zur Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs vom Brennraum zum Wasserraum weist mindestens eine der Kesselhälften im Winkelabstand voneinander angeordnete, sich vom Trennflansch zur Brenner- oder Abgasöffnung erstreckende, radial nach dem Kessel inneren überstehende Wärmeleitrippen auf. Zur Strömungsoptimierung wird gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung in die die Abgasöffnung aufweisende Kesselhälfte ein sich vorzugsweise auf den freien Rippenkanten abstützender, zweckmäßig halbkugelförmiger Pralltopf so eingesetzt, daß zwischen der Pralltopfaußenfläche und der Kesselinnenfläche ein gegebenenfalls durch die Wärmeleitrippen unterteilter Strömungsraum für die Abgase gebildet wird. Der Strömungsraum weist dabei einen vom Eintrittsspalt in der Nähe des Trennflansches zur Abgasöffnung hin nach Maßgabe der Volumenverringerung der Brenngase in Strömungsrichtung abnehmenden Strömungsquerschnitt auf.In order to improve the heat transfer from the combustion chamber to the water chamber, at least one of the boiler halves has angularly spaced thermal conduction ribs which extend from the separating flange to the burner or exhaust gas opening and protrude radially after the boiler. To optimize the flow, according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the the boiler half having the exhaust gas opening, a hemispherical baffle, preferably supported on the free rib edges, is used in such a way that a flow space for the exhaust gases, possibly divided by the heat-conducting fins, is formed between the baffle outer surface and the inner surface of the boiler. The flow space has a flow cross-section which decreases from the inlet gap in the vicinity of the separating flange to the exhaust gas opening in accordance with the reduction in volume of the fuel gases in the flow direction.

Aufgrund der guten Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Aluminium ist es möglich, die Temperaturfühler für die Kesseltemperaturregelung und Sicherheitstemperaturbegrenzung in eigens hierfür vorgesehenen Fühlertaschen, die im Zuge des Gießvorgangs eingeformt werden, unterzubringen.Due to the good thermal conductivity of aluminum, it is possible to accommodate the temperature sensors for the boiler temperature control and safety temperature limitation in specially designed sensor pockets that are molded in during the casting process.

Der erfindungsgemäße Heizkessel ist vor allem für Öl- und Gasbrenner mit möglichst kurzen, kugelförmigen Flammen geeignet.The boiler according to the invention is particularly suitable for oil and gas burners with the shortest possible spherical flames.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung in schematischer Weise dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht eines Heizkessels mit Brenner und Abgasstutzen;
Fig. 2
eine Innenansicht einer Kesselhälfte;
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht auf eine Kesselhälfte, mittig halbiert;
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie IV-IV der Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie V-V der Fig. 3;
Fig. 6
eine ausschnittsweise Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils VI der Fig. 5;
Fig. 7
eine ausschnittsweise Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils VII der Fig. 2;
Fig. 8
einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie VII-VIII der Fig. 7;
Fig. 9
einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie IX-IX der Fig. 5.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown schematically in the drawing. Show it
Fig. 1
a side view of a boiler with burner and flue pipe;
Fig. 2
an inside view of a boiler half;
Fig. 3
a plan view of a boiler half, halved in the middle;
Fig. 4
a section along the section line IV-IV of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
a section along the section line VV of Fig. 3;
Fig. 6
a partial view in the direction of arrow VI of FIG. 5;
Fig. 7
a partial view in the direction of arrow VII of Fig. 2;
Fig. 8
a section along the section line VII-VIII of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9
a section along the section line IX-IX of Fig. 5th

Der in der Zeichnung dargestellte im wesentliche hohlkugelförmige Heizkessel 10 ist für den Einsatz in eine Heißwasser-Heizanlage bestimmt. Er besteht im wesentlichen aus zwei gleich ausgebildeten Kesselhälften 12, die an einem einen Großkreis der Kesselkugel begrenzenden Trennflansch 14 über Flanschaugen 16 lösbar miteinander verbindbar und bei offenem Trennflansch 14 zu Reinigungs- und Wartungszwecken in Richtung des Pfeils 18 um das Drehgelenk 20 gegeneinander verschwenkbar sind. Die Trennflansche 14 weisen eine kreisringförmige Flanschfläche 58 auf, in die eine sich über die halbe Flanschfläche erstreckende Nut 60 zur Aufnahme eines nicht dargestellten Dichtungsstreifens eingeformt ist.The essentially hollow spherical boiler 10 shown in the drawing is intended for use in a hot water heating system. It consists essentially of two identically designed boiler halves 12, which can be detachably connected to one another by means of flange eyes 16 on a separating flange 14 delimiting a large circle of the boiler ball, and with the separating flange 14 open for cleaning and maintenance purposes in the direction of the arrow 18 are pivotable relative to one another about the swivel joint 20. The separating flanges 14 have an annular flange surface 58, into which a groove 60, which extends over half the flange surface, is formed for receiving a sealing strip (not shown).

An einem zum Trennflansch 14 konzentrischen Kleinkreis ist je ein weiterer Flansch 22 angeformt, der eine Öffnung 24 begrenzt und der an der oberen Kesselhälfte 12 für den Anschluß eines Brenners 26 und an der unteren Kesselhälfte 12 für den Anschluß eines Abgasstutzens 28 bestimmt ist.On a small circle concentric to the separating flange 14, a further flange 22 is formed in each case, which delimits an opening 24 and which is intended for the connection of a burner 26 on the upper boiler half 12 and for the connection of an exhaust pipe 28 on the lower boiler half 12.

Weiter sind eine Anzahl -förmig gebogene Wasserrohre 30 vorgesehen, die mit einem kreisförmig gebogenen Rohrbogen 32 in das Wandmaterial der Kesselhälften 12 eingebettet sind und mit je einem am Rohrbogen 32 parallel zueinander abgebogenen Rück- und Vorlaufstutzen 34 über die Kesselhälften 12 überstehen und in einen Rücklauf- bzw. Vorlauf-Sammler 36 münden. Die Rücklauf- und Vorlaufsammler 36 der beiden Kesselhälften 12 sind paarweise mechanisch über das Gelenk 20 sowie über nicht dargestellte biegsame Schläuche miteinander verbunden, so daß die Kesselhälften 12 in Richtung des Pfeils 18 gegeneinander verschwenkt werden können. Je ein an der Außenfläche der Kesselhälften 12 auf der dem Rücklauf- und Vorlaufsammler 36 gegenüberliegenden Seite radial überstehender Handgriff 37 erleichtert dabei das gegenseitige Verschwenken der Kesselhälften 12. Die vorzugsweise aus Edelstahl bestehenden Wasserrohre 30 werden mit ihren Rohrbögen 32 im Zuge der Herstellung beispielsweise im Druckgußverfahren in das aus Aluminium bestehende Wandmaterial der Kesselhälften 12 eingegossen. Die Rohrbögen 32 sind dabei konzentrisch zueinander und zu den Trennflanschen 14 auf Kleinkreisen der Kesselhälften 12 so angeordnet, daß sie auf der kugelförmigen Außenfläche 33 der Kesselhälften teilweise überstehen und an ihren abgebogenen Rück- und Vorlaufstutzen 34 wurzelseitig in angegossenen und über stabilisierende Querstege 38 miteinander verbundenen Stutzenhaltern 40 stabil nach außen geführt sind (vgl. insbesondere Fig. 3, 4 und 7).There are also a number of water pipes 30 bent into a shape, which are embedded in the wall material of the boiler halves 12 with a circularly curved pipe bend 32 and each project over the boiler halves 12 with a return and flow connection piece 34 bent parallel to one another on the pipe bend 32 and into a return line - or flow collector 36 open. The return and flow collector 36 of the two boiler halves 12 are mechanically connected in pairs to each other via the joint 20 and flexible hoses, not shown, so that the boiler halves 12 can be pivoted in the direction of arrow 18 against each other. A handle 37 protruding radially on the outer surface of the boiler halves 12 on the side opposite the return and flow collector 36 thereby facilitates the mutual pivoting of the boiler halves 12. The water pipes 30, which are preferably made of stainless steel are cast with their pipe bends 32 in the course of manufacture, for example in the die-casting process, into the aluminum wall material of the boiler halves 12. The pipe bends 32 are concentric with each other and to the separating flanges 14 on small circles of the boiler halves 12 so that they partially protrude on the spherical outer surface 33 of the boiler halves and connected to one another at their bent return and flow connections 34 in cast-on and stabilizing crossbars 38 Spigot holders 40 are guided outwards in a stable manner (cf. in particular FIGS. 3, 4 and 7).

Durch die Innenflächen 42 der Kesselhälften 12 wird ein im wesentlichen kugelförmiger Brennraum 44 begrenzt. Zur Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs vom Brennraum 44 zu den Wasserrohren 30 sind an den Innenflächen 42 der Kesselhälften 12 mehrere in gleichen Winkelabständen voneinander angeordnete, im wesentlichen radial nach innen überstehende, quer zum Rohrbogen 32 der Wasserrohre 30 verlaufende Wärmeleitrippen 46 angeformt. Zur Optimierung der Strömungsführung wird außerdem in die mit dem Abgasstutzen 28 verbundene Kesselhälfte 12 ein im wesentlichen halbkugelförmiger, bodenseitig geschlossener Pralltopf 48 eingesetzt, der sich mit seiner Außenfläche auf den entsprechend kugelförmig gekrümmten freien Kanten 50 der Wärmeleitrippen 46 abstützt und einen durch die Wärmeleitrippen 46 kanalartig unterteilten Strömungsraum 52 begrenzt. Von der Seite des Brenners 26 greift ein Brennerrohr 44 durch die Öffnung 24 in den Brennraum 44 ein, über das unter Brennstoffzufuhr eine weitgehend kugelförmige Flamme 47 erzeugt wird. Die von der Flammenoberfläche abgestrahlte Wärme gelangt überwiegend zur Innenfläche 42 auf der brennerseitigen Kesselhälfte 12 und wird dort über das im Zwangsumlauf durch die Wasserrohre 30 geförderte Heizwasser zur Vorlaufseite abgeführt. Die bei der Verbrennung erzeugten heißen Rauchgase gelangen auf der Seite der Flammenspitze in den Pralltopf 48 und werden dort in Richtung der Pfeile 54 unter Abgabe ihres Wärmeinhalts über die Wärmeleitrippen 46 und die Innenfläche 42 an das in den Wasserrohren 30 strömende Heizwasser zum Abgasstutzen geleitet. Die sich dabei ergebende Volumenabnahme wird durch die Querschnittsabnahme entlang dem Strömungsraum 52 unter Beibehaltung einer nahezu konstanten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Rauchgases kompensiert.A substantially spherical combustion chamber 44 is delimited by the inner surfaces 42 of the boiler halves 12. In order to improve the heat transfer from the combustion chamber 44 to the water pipes 30, a plurality of heat-conducting ribs 46 are formed on the inner surfaces 42 of the boiler halves 12, which are arranged at equal angular distances from one another and project radially inward and extend transversely to the pipe bend 32 of the water pipes 30. In order to optimize the flow guidance, an essentially hemispherical, bottom-side baffle pot 48 is also inserted into the boiler half 12 connected to the exhaust pipe 28, the outer surface of which is supported on the correspondingly spherically curved free edges 50 of the heat-conducting fins 46 and one through the heat-conducting fins 46 is channel-like divided flow space 52 limited. A burner tube 44 extends through from the side of the burner 26 the opening 24 into the combustion chamber 44, via which a largely spherical flame 47 is generated with the supply of fuel. The heat radiated from the flame surface predominantly reaches the inner surface 42 on the burner-side boiler half 12 and is dissipated there to the flow side via the heating water conveyed through the water pipes 30 in forced circulation. The hot flue gases generated during the combustion pass into the impact pot 48 on the side of the flame tip and are passed there in the direction of the arrows 54, releasing their heat content via the heat-conducting fins 46 and the inner surface 42 to the heating water flowing in the water pipes 30 for exhaust gas connection. The resulting decrease in volume is compensated for by the decrease in cross section along the flow space 52 while maintaining an almost constant flow velocity of the flue gas.

Aufgrund der hohen Wärmeleitfähigkeit des aus Aluminium bestehenden Wandmaterials der Kesselhälften 12 ist es möglich, die für die Kesseltemperaturregelung und die Sicherheitstemperaturbegrenzung notwendigen Temperaturfühler in hierfür vorgesehenen Fühlertaschen 56 anzuordnen, die im Zuge der Herstellung an den Kesselhälften 12 angegossen werden (vgl. Fig. 2, 7 und 8).Due to the high thermal conductivity of the aluminum wall material of the boiler halves 12, it is possible to arrange the temperature sensors required for the boiler temperature control and the safety temperature limitation in sensor pockets 56 provided for this purpose, which are cast onto the boiler halves 12 during production (see FIG. 2, 7 and 8).

Zusammenfassend ist folgendes festzustellen: Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Heizkessel 10 für den Anschluß an den Heizkreislauf einer Heißwasser-Heizanlage. Zur Optimierung der Strahlungs- und Strömungsverhältnisses ist der Brennraum 44 des Heizkessels im wesentlichen hohlkugelförmig ausgebildet. Zu diesem Zweck sind zwei gegeneinander verschwenkbare Kesselhälften aus Aluminium vorgesehen, deren im wesentlichen halbkugelförmige Innenflächen 42 sich zum Brennraum 44 ergänzen und in deren Wandung zwangsdurchströmte Wasserrohre 30 formschlüssig eingebettet sind.In summary, the following can be stated: The invention relates to a boiler 10 for connection to the heating circuit of a hot water heating system. To optimize the radiation and flow ratio the combustion chamber 44 of the boiler is essentially hollow. For this purpose, two boiler halves made of aluminum which can be pivoted relative to one another are provided, the essentially hemispherical inner surfaces 42 of which complement each other to form the combustion chamber 44 and water pipes 30 through which the flow of force flows are embedded in a positive manner.

Claims (16)

Heizkessel für den Anschluß an den Heizkreislauf einer Heißwasser-Heizanlage mit einem eine Brenneröffnung (24,26) und eine Abgasöffnung (24,28) aufweisenden Brennraum (44) und einem thermisch an den Brennraum (44) angeschlossenen, einen Vorlaufanschluß und einen Rücklaufanschluß (30, 34) für den Heizkreislauf aufweisenden Wasserraum (30, 32), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brennraum im wesentlichen hohlkugelförmig ausgebildet ist.Boiler for the connection to the heating circuit of a hot water heating system with a combustion chamber (44) having a burner opening (24,26) and an exhaust gas opening (24,28) and a flow connection and a return connection (thermally connected to the combustion chamber (44)) 30, 34) for the water circuit (30, 32) , characterized in that the combustion chamber is substantially hollow. Heizkessel für den Anschluß an den Heizkreislauf einer Heißwasser-Heizanlage mit einem eine Brenneröffnung (24,26) und eine Abgasöffnung (24,28) aufweisenden Brennraum (44) und einem thermisch an den Brennraum (44) angeschlossenen, einen Vorlaufanschluß und einen Rücklaufanschluß (30, 34) für den Heizkreislauf aufweisenden Wasserraum (30, 32), gekennzeichnet durch zwei gegeneinander verschwenkbare oder verschiebbare Kesselteile oder Kesselhälften (12), deren im wesentlichen halbkugelförmige Innenflächen (42) sich zu dem Brennraum (44) ergänzen und in deren Wandungen zwangsdurchströmte Wasserrohre (30, 32) unter Bildung des Wasserraums eingeformt oder formschlüssig eingebettet sind.Boiler for the connection to the heating circuit of a hot water heating system with a combustion chamber (44) having a burner opening (24,26) and an exhaust gas opening (24,28) and a flow connection and a return connection (thermally connected to the combustion chamber (44)) 30, 34) for the heating circuit water space (30, 32), characterized by two mutually pivotable or displaceable boiler parts or boiler halves (12), the substantially hemispherical inner surfaces (42) of which complement the combustion chamber (44) and flow in their walls Water pipes (30, 32) are molded in or form-fitting embedded to form the water space. Heizkessel nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kesselhälften aus Aluminium, vorzugsweise aus Aluminium-Druckguß mit eingegossenen Wasserrohren (30) aus Edelstahl bestehen.Boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that the boiler halves are made of aluminum, preferably made of die-cast aluminum with cast-in water pipes (30) made of stainless steel. Heizkessel nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Kesselhälften (12) an einem einen Kugel-Großkreis begrenzenden Trennflansch (14) lösbar miteinander verbunden sind.Boiler according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the two boiler halves (12) are detachably connected to one another on a separating flange (14) delimiting a large spherical circle. Heizkessel nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Trennflansch (14) einer jeden Kesselhälfte (12) eine kreisringförmige Flanschfläche (58) mit einer halbkreisförmigen Nut (60) zur Aufnahme eines Dichtungsstreifens aufweist.Boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that the separating flange (14) of each boiler half (12) has an annular flange surface (58) with a semicircular groove (60) for receiving a sealing strip. Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brenneröffnung (24, 26) an der einen und die Abgasöffnung (24,28) an der anderen Kesselhälfte (12) einander diametral gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind.Boiler according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the burner opening (24, 26) on one side and the flue gas opening (24, 28) on the other half of the boiler (12) are arranged diametrically opposite one another. Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brenneröffnung und die Abgasöffnung (24) durch je einen im Bereich eines zum Trennflansch (14) konzentrischen Kugel-Kleinkreises angeformten Flansch (22) begrenzt sind.Boiler according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the burner opening and the exhaust gas opening (24) are each delimited by a flange (22) formed in the region of a small spherical circle concentric with the separating flange (14). Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kesselhälften (12) eine im wesentlichen halbkugelförmige, sich zu einer Vollkugel ergänzende Außenfläche (33) aufweisen.Boiler according to one of claims 2 to 7 , characterized in that the boiler halves (12) have a substantially hemispherical shape a complementary outer surface (33). Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wasserohre (30) jeweils einen Rücklauf- und einen Vorlaufstutzen (34) sowie einen den Rücklaufstutzen mit dem zugehörigen Vorlaufstutzen (34) verbindenden kreisförmigen Rohrbogen (32) aufweisen, und daß die kreisförmigen Rohrbögen in Form von zueinander und zur Brenner- oder Abgasöffnung (24) konzentrischen Kleinkreisen in das Wandmaterial der halbkugelförmigen Kesselhälften (12) vorzugsweise zur Außenfläche (33) hin überstehend eingebettet sind.Boiler according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the water pipes (30) each have a return pipe and a flow pipe (34) and a circular pipe bend (32) connecting the return pipe with the associated flow pipe (34), and that the circular pipe bends in the form of small circles concentric with each other and with the burner or exhaust gas opening (24) are embedded in the wall material of the hemispherical shell halves (12), preferably projecting towards the outer surface (33). Heizkessel nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rücklaufstutzen (34) in einen gemeinsamen Rücklaufsammler (36) und die Vorlaufstutzen (34) in einen gemeinsamen Vorlaufsammler (36) münden.Boiler according to claim 9, characterized in that the return connections (34) open into a common return collector (36) and the flow connections (34) open into a common flow collector (36). Heizkessel nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rücklaufsammler (36) und die Vorlaufsammler (36) der beiden Kesselhälften (12) paarweise lösbar vorzugsweise durch biegsame Schlauchleitungen miteinander verbunden und zweckmäßig gegeneinander verschwenkbar sind.A heating boiler according to claim 10, characterized in that the return collectors (36) and the flow collectors (36) of the two boiler halves (12) are detachably connected in pairs, preferably connected by flexible hose lines, and can expediently be pivoted relative to one another. Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wasserrohre einer jeden Kesselhälfte einen Rücklauf- und einen Vorlaufstutzen aufweisen, die über zur Brenner- oder Abgasöffnung (24) im wesentlichen konzentrische, in das Wandmaterial der jeweiligen Kesselhälfte (12) vorzugsweise zur Außenfläche hin überstehend eingebettete Rohrwendel miteinander verbunden sind.Boiler according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the water pipes one each boiler half has a return pipe and a flow pipe, which are connected to one another via pipe coils which are essentially concentric with the burner or exhaust gas opening (24) and which protrude into the wall material of the respective boiler half (12) and protrude towards the outer surface. Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine der Kesselhälften (12) im Winkelabstand voneinander angeordnete, sich vom Trennflansch (14) zur Brenner- oder Abgasöffnung (24) erstreckende, radial nach dem Kesselinneren überstehende Wärmeleitrippen (46) aufweist.Boiler according to one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that at least one of the boiler halves (12) is arranged at an angular distance from one another and extends radially to the inside of the boiler and extends from the separating flange (14) to the burner or exhaust gas opening (24). having. Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in die die Abgasöffnung (24,28) aufweisende Kesselhälfte (12) ein sich vorzugsweise auf den freien Kanten (50) der Wärmeleitrippen (46) abstützender, zweckmäßig halbkugelförmiger Pralltopf (48) so angeordnet ist, daß zwischen der Pralltopfaußenfläche und der Kesselinnenfläche ein gegebenenfalls durch die Wärmeleitrippen (46) unterteilter Strömungsraum (52) für die Abgase gebildet ist.Heating boiler according to one of claims 2 to 13, characterized in that in the boiler half (12) having the exhaust gas opening (24, 28) there is an expediently hemispherical baffle pot (48) which is preferably supported on the free edges (50) of the heat-conducting fins (46). is arranged in such a way that a flow space (52) for the exhaust gases, optionally subdivided by the heat-conducting fins (46), is formed between the baffle outer surface and the inner surface of the boiler. Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Kesselhälften (12) gleich ausgebildet und mit der gleichen Gußform herstellbar sind.Boiler according to one of claims 2 to 14, characterized in that the two boiler halves (12) are of the same design and have the same mold are producible. Heizkessel nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Kesselhälften (12) von außen her zugängliche Fühlertaschen (56) zur Aufnahme eines Temperaturfühlers eingeformt sind.Heating boiler according to one of claims 2 to 15, characterized in that sensor pockets (56) which are accessible from the outside and are accommodated for receiving a temperature sensor are formed in the boiler halves (12).
EP94116131A 1994-01-11 1994-10-13 Boiler Expired - Lifetime EP0662591B1 (en)

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DE4400481A DE4400481A1 (en) 1994-01-11 1994-01-11 boiler

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WO1998050748A1 (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-12 Valeo Klimatechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Collector for a motor vehicle heat exchanger with a housing in at least two parts
US6315037B1 (en) 1997-05-07 2001-11-13 Valeo Klimatechnik Gmbh & Co., Kg. Flat tube heat exchanger with more than two flows and a deflecting bottom for motor vehicles, and process for manufacturing the same

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WO1998050748A1 (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-12 Valeo Klimatechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Collector for a motor vehicle heat exchanger with a housing in at least two parts
US6315037B1 (en) 1997-05-07 2001-11-13 Valeo Klimatechnik Gmbh & Co., Kg. Flat tube heat exchanger with more than two flows and a deflecting bottom for motor vehicles, and process for manufacturing the same

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ES2118293T3 (en) 1998-09-16
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EP0662591B1 (en) 1998-05-27
DE59406081D1 (en) 1998-07-02

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