EP0661499B1 - Réglage en temps réel d'un brûleur à gaz de caractéristiques variables, notamment pour four de réchauffage métallurgique - Google Patents

Réglage en temps réel d'un brûleur à gaz de caractéristiques variables, notamment pour four de réchauffage métallurgique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0661499B1
EP0661499B1 EP94470038A EP94470038A EP0661499B1 EP 0661499 B1 EP0661499 B1 EP 0661499B1 EP 94470038 A EP94470038 A EP 94470038A EP 94470038 A EP94470038 A EP 94470038A EP 0661499 B1 EP0661499 B1 EP 0661499B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
burner
fuel
smoke
content
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94470038A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0661499A1 (fr
Inventor
Serge Silvestrini
Jean-Claude Dieuloufet
Philippe Domini
Patrick Hug
Gérard Griffay
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sollac SA
Original Assignee
Sollac SA
Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sollac SA, Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC filed Critical Sollac SA
Publication of EP0661499A1 publication Critical patent/EP0661499A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0661499B1 publication Critical patent/EP0661499B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/52—Methods of heating with flames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
    • F23N2221/10—Analysing fuel properties, e.g. density, calorific
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/16—Spectrometer burners

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a method and a device for real-time adjustment of a burner supplied with a fuel variable characteristics.
  • This gas mixture is produced in principle to obtain specific level thermal properties, such as PCI (Power Lower Calorific), the PCO (Combustive Power) which is deduced therefrom, or the Wobbe index for example.
  • PCI Power Lower Calorific
  • PCO Combustive Power
  • the composition of the gas mixture may be subject to fluctuations resulting from variations in the reactors that supply the components. So, for example, the content of hydrogen fluctuates quite commonly because different sources supply of this gas mixture do not have a composition constant over time.
  • these compositions fluctuate, a low change, particularly in the composition of the coke oven gas (which is rich in hydrogen) has significant repercussions on its PCO among others.
  • the latter must be constantly known with good precision if we want to ensure a particular temperature in the enclosure of the reheating oven, which can also be modified using the regulation of the combustion air flow with which the burners are provided.
  • the content of impurities, in particular sulfur fluctuates for the same reasons over time, which results in composition fluctuations, especially in sulfur oxides, gases combustion and therefore the atmosphere of the reheating furnaces.
  • the problem therefore consists in controlling the combustion of a mixture gaseous, moreover charged with dust, and whose characteristics can quickly vary randomly around mean values (lower calorific value, combustive power, density, content of sulfur, etc ).
  • the problem also consists in controlling the mixture of various co-produced combustible gases, the impurity contents of which are generally very different, so that the content of impurities, especially in sulfur oxides, in the atmosphere of reheating either constant or kept below a limit predetermined.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a system capable of solving the problems posed while eliminating the above disadvantages of known prior devices.
  • This instruction is advantageously a "correction coefficient" of the combustion air flow calculated from the instantaneous real PCO ratio measured / standard PCO, this standard PCO being that corresponding to the standard fuel composition around which the composition is likely to fluctuate.
  • said quantity measured is the oxide content of sulfur fumes and we act on the adjustment of the burner supply in modifying the mixing proportions of said fuels to maintain said sulfur oxide content in the vicinity of said reference value predetermined.
  • the adjustment means make it possible to control the fuel flow and the combustion air flow and the calculation unit evaluates the thermal properties actual fuel snapshots.
  • the adjustment means make it possible to control the proportions of the mixture of combustibes and the means of measuring said representative quantity are a probe for measuring the content of sulfur oxides in fumes.
  • the invention provides for supplying the burner of the correctometer arranged at the end of the combustion tunnel in air and fuel regulated with controlled flow rates, and to correlate in a simple way the quantity measured at the real time setting of the furnace burner supply reheating.
  • a fuel property such as its PCO or its content impurities, caused by fluctuations in its composition, for determine, and apply instantly, the corrections to be made to the burner supply.
  • the correction is applied at the combustion air inlet flow rate in the oven burner (s), to allow the power delivered by this burner to be kept constant, despite the vagaries of the combustible PCO that feeds it.
  • the correction is applied to the mixture of combustibes, to allow to maintain in the vicinity of a predetermined reference value the content of sulfur impurities in the atmosphere of the metallurgical furnace.
  • the invention solves the problem posed by means of a simple system, economical and robust, not very sensitive to the environment, requiring no that reduced maintenance and very low operating cost. He imports however, for reasons that are not yet fully understood, that the burner used is capable of developing a power of at least 100 th / h, otherwise the measured quantity cannot be correctly evaluated in the smoke and the invention produces unusable results industrially.
  • the installation shown schematically in Figure 1 includes a metallurgical furnace M for reheating steel semi-finished products, by example of steel slabs, equipped, in known manner, with one or more several burners 1, supplied with combustible gas (g) from a source of gaseous fuel 2 via a flow control 3 of gas controlled by a Co setpoint given by the oven driver of heating M.
  • the combustion air inlet (a) in the burner 1 is controlled by a flow control 4 connected to the atmosphere by an external outlet F5.
  • the air flow (a) is continuously adjusted to the gas flow (g) using of a reference signal C1 which the gas control 3 sends to the air control 4. This adjusts the heating power of the burners while ensuring that complete combustion conditions are respected.
  • the "correctometer" 5 takes its place in this assembly between the gas source 2 and the control 4 of air flow.
  • This correctometer 5 consists essentially of a comburimeter oven 6 and a calculation unit 10.
  • the comburimeter 6 comprises, as will be seen in more detail below, a mini-burner 7 of nominal power of at least 100 th / h and opening into a room combustion chamber 8 in the form of a tunnel, provided at its other end with the sensor of a probe analyzer 9.
  • the burner (preferably at high impulse to promote obtaining homogeneous fumes) receives on a input a mass flow of combustible gas F2 constant and perfectly controlled, coming from source 2 and, on its other input, a flow external combustion air correspondent F1 also at a flow rate constant and perfectly known mass, but in excess compared to needs for stoichiometric combustion of the gas flow F2.
  • the combustion tunnel 8 is open at its end opposite that of the burner 7 to allow evacuation to the atmosphere F3 (or else in the reheating furnace M itself) of the combustion products.
  • the latter are analyzed before evacuation by the probe 9 which determines the content of free oxygen.
  • the measurement by the probe 9 of the residual O 2 in the combustion products reflects, as will be seen, the difference in stoichiometry.
  • the value of this measurement is used by the computer 10 to determine a thermal characteristic of the gas, taken in its real state, like its instantaneous PCO, and to develop a signal C2, here in the form of a correction coefficient to be applied to the flow rate setpoint. of air (a) of control 4, which is set to the standard PCO value of the gas to be burned.
  • the magnitude representative of the deviation from stoichiometry can be other than the residual oxygen content in the fumes after complete combustion, these measurements being carried out by probes known per se and which do not require a more detailed description for be understood and implemented by the skilled person.
  • this representative quantity we can deduce, knowing the flow rates of combustion air and gas fuel in the comburimeter, fluctuations in the composition of the combustible gas.
  • Instantaneous real PCO (or correlative correction coefficient which is used to act on the command setpoint 4) can be determined either by calculation or by reading pre-established charts with the same relative air and gas flow rates for different values of the quantity representative.
  • the burners of the reheating oven are set for a Standard PCO given gas to burn.
  • the combustion air flow is adjusted to this standard PCO to ensure desired combustion, even when varies the flow of combustible gas, for example to modify the oven temperature by intervening on the calorific power delivered by the burners.
  • To maintain the desired quality of combustion that the combustion air flow (a) instantly follows possible modifications that are imposed by the setpoint Co on the control 3 of the flow rate of gas to be burned (g).
  • Correctometer 5, according to the invention intervenes at the 2nd, finer level, to correct the effects of fluctuations in the composition of the gas which modify its properties thermal, for example his real PCO without realizing it at once.
  • Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the comburimeter oven 6 according to the invention.
  • This device comprises the combustion tunnel chamber 8, of a sufficient length for the combustion of gas, initiated at one end, is completed at the opposite end, and the mini-burner 7 provided at a end of the tunnel 8.
  • a nozzle 11 for excess combustion air inlet in the burner 7 and a fuel gas inlet pipe 12 open into the mixing chamber 13.
  • Devices not shown allow adjustment of the gas mass flow to a value predetermined constant as well as the combustion air flow.
  • the tunnel 8 is thermally insulated by means of two layers superimposed 14 and 15 of insulation inserted between the wall of the combustion 8 and the outer casing 16 of the comburimeter 6.
  • the combustion chamber 8 has in practice a length of one meter about, not much more, but in any case sufficient to ensure that combustion is completed at the level of the probe 9, which is by example, a known type zirconium probe.
  • the characteristics of the gas may fluctuate around those of the gas taken in its standard state.
  • gaseous fuel source 2 is a mixer adjustable powered by multiple gaseous fuels co-produced in different reactors of a steel factory.
  • Gaseous fuels contain different rates sulfur impurities which are functions of the type of reactor from which they come.
  • the sulfur content of each gaseous fuel is known on average, by means of analysis known in themselves.
  • the "correctometer” 5 is as before powered by source 2 which is an adjustable mixer and sends a setpoint for said mixer.
  • the "correctometer" 5 is identical to the correctometer previously described, with the difference that probe 9 measures the oxide content of sulfur from burner combustion gases 7.
  • the value of this measurement is used to the computer 10 to determine the setpoint to be sent to the gaseous fuels, to maintain in the vicinity of a value of predetermined reference said content of sulfur oxides.
  • the calculator 10 evaluates said instruction as a function, in particular, of the average rates known sulfur of each gaseous fuel.
  • the advantage of the process according to the invention is that the result of the measurement does not depend on possible interactions in different areas of combustion of the installation, does not depend on unexpected air inlets in installation, emissions or possible absorption by products steelworks placed in the furnace.
  • the invention allows not only to optimize the operation of the burners 1 of the oven, but also to control the atmosphere of the oven, which has a decisive advantage. Indeed, like the sulfur character of this atmosphere, the more or less oxidizing character has a decisive influence on the quality of the rolled products. If the burner's operation is not sufficiently controlled, a drop for example in the hydrogen content in the combustible gas mixture will lead to an increase in the excess air in the combustion fumes, therefore in the furnace atmosphere . This excess of combustion air, not only will modify the heating temperature, but above all, by the corresponding increase in the O 2 content of the furnace atmosphere, has a detrimental influence on the metallurgical quality of the products obtained after rolling. , far downstream.
  • the method and the device according to the invention have the essential advantage of allowing real-time modification of the setpoint supply control of the oven burners, which was not possible with the previous techniques recalled at the beginning. So we check in instant composition of the furnace atmosphere.
  • the invention also allows very precise counting of thermies used by burners 1 whatever the variations in characteristics of the fuel used.
  • the method and the device according to the invention make it possible to carry out measurements (in particular oxygen and sulfur content, flow rate, pressure, etc.) in a very accessible, in places distant from the heating enclosure and by easily removable devices for possible maintenance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
EP94470038A 1993-11-26 1994-11-18 Réglage en temps réel d'un brûleur à gaz de caractéristiques variables, notamment pour four de réchauffage métallurgique Expired - Lifetime EP0661499B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9314357 1993-11-26
FR9314357A FR2712961B1 (fr) 1993-11-26 1993-11-26 Réglage en temps réel d'un brûleur à combustible de caractéristiques variables, notamment pour four métallurgique de réchauffage.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0661499A1 EP0661499A1 (fr) 1995-07-05
EP0661499B1 true EP0661499B1 (fr) 1999-01-13

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ID=9453403

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94470038A Expired - Lifetime EP0661499B1 (fr) 1993-11-26 1994-11-18 Réglage en temps réel d'un brûleur à gaz de caractéristiques variables, notamment pour four de réchauffage métallurgique

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0661499B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (1) KR950014318A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE175764T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR9404753A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE69415954D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2712961B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
TR (1) TR28665A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
TW (1) TW256874B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA949323B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102686946A (zh) * 2009-11-30 2012-09-19 法孚斯坦因公司 用于校正一组燃烧室的燃烧调节的方法和实施该方法的设备

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2785668B1 (fr) 1998-11-10 2001-02-23 Air Liquide Procede de chauffage d'un four a chargement continu notamment pour produits siderurgiques, et four de chauffage a chargement continu
KR100316560B1 (ko) * 1999-04-19 2001-12-12 김은규 폐식용유를 이용한 비누의 제조장치
TWI372023B (en) 2008-12-10 2012-09-01 Asustek Comp Inc Electronic apparatus and thermal dissipating module thereof
FR3045783B1 (fr) * 2015-12-17 2019-08-16 Fives Stein Module de controle electronique et procede de controle du fonctionnement et de la securite d'au moins un bruleur a tube radiant
CN109307437B (zh) * 2018-09-21 2020-06-12 厦门大学嘉庚学院 一种蓄热式工业加热炉的优化燃烧控制系统及其方法
IT202100020177A1 (it) * 2021-07-28 2023-01-28 Siti B & T Group Spa Impianto per bruciatori in forni industriali
CN115354142B (zh) * 2022-08-18 2023-11-28 重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司 加热炉燃烧控制方法

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US2829954A (en) * 1954-11-30 1958-04-08 Surface Combustion Corp Apparatus for analyzing gas
GB1565310A (en) * 1977-12-01 1980-04-16 Battelle Development Corp Method and apparatus for controlling fuel to oxidant ratioof a burner
GB2036290B (en) * 1978-11-22 1982-12-01 Hamworthy Engineering Fuel sampling system
US4472936A (en) * 1980-12-27 1984-09-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Method and apparatus for controlling combustion of gasified fuel
LU83989A1 (fr) * 1982-03-09 1983-11-17 Arbed Procede et dispositif pour optimiser le fonctionnement d'un four
DE3337476C2 (de) * 1983-10-14 1985-10-10 Ulrich Dipl.-Ing. 4048 Grevenbroich Dohle Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung und Regelung des optimalen Brennstoff/Luft-Verhältnisses einer Feuerungsanlage
DE3408397A1 (de) * 1984-03-08 1985-09-19 Ruhrgas Ag, 4300 Essen Verfahren und anordnung zur bestimmung des mischungsverhaeltnisses eines ein sauerstofftraegergas und einen brennstoff enthaltenden gemisches
DE4007635C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1990-03-10 1991-09-19 Vereinigte Kesselwerke Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf, De

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102686946A (zh) * 2009-11-30 2012-09-19 法孚斯坦因公司 用于校正一组燃烧室的燃烧调节的方法和实施该方法的设备
CN102686946B (zh) * 2009-11-30 2015-10-14 法孚斯坦因公司 用于校正一组燃烧室的燃烧调节的方法和实施该方法的设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2712961B1 (fr) 1995-12-22
TW256874B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1995-09-11
DE69415954D1 (de) 1999-02-25
ATE175764T1 (de) 1999-01-15
EP0661499A1 (fr) 1995-07-05
ZA949323B (en) 1996-05-24
TR28665A (tr) 1996-12-25
BR9404753A (pt) 1995-09-19
FR2712961A1 (fr) 1995-06-02
KR950014318A (ko) 1995-06-15

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