EP0661367B1 - Process for treating waste - Google Patents

Process for treating waste Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0661367B1
EP0661367B1 EP94890218A EP94890218A EP0661367B1 EP 0661367 B1 EP0661367 B1 EP 0661367B1 EP 94890218 A EP94890218 A EP 94890218A EP 94890218 A EP94890218 A EP 94890218A EP 0661367 B1 EP0661367 B1 EP 0661367B1
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Prior art keywords
biological
rotting
fraction
heating treatment
process according
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0661367A1 (en
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Reinhard Ing. Göschl
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Technisches Buero Ing Reinhard Goschl
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Technisches Buero Ing Reinhard Goschl
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating residual waste, in which the light fraction is implemented by thermal processes and the Heavy fraction is subjected to a biological rotting or fermentation process.
  • Residual waste usually comes from municipal, commercial or industrial waste and arises after the previous collection and recycling all material and biological components in waste. These substances are with the known, mutually different methods collected and a material or biological recovery. The rest of the rest as well as the remnants from The treatment plants for material and biological recycling form the Residual waste.
  • the composition of the residual waste to be treated is similar to that mixed household waste, but has a lower organic content, however, an increased level of plastic waste.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a method of the beginning to create the type with which the prescribed parameters for the depositing remaining components can be achieved.
  • this object is achieved in that the biological rotting or fermentation process coming material of the heavy fraction an annealing treatment, preferably at a temperature of about 1600 ° C, is subjected.
  • an annealing treatment preferably at a temperature of about 1600 ° C.
  • the biological rotting or Fermentation process coming material before the annealing treatment by wind sifting of the remaining light materials This has the advantage that Substances that are not necessarily subject to the annealing treatment because are otherwise usable, the annealing process and thus the energy balance is not strain.
  • the light materials separated by wind sifting can Light fraction are added prior to their thermal utilization, whereby the in the energy content contained in light materials can be used particularly well.
  • the exhaust gases resulting from the annealing treatment can, if necessary, Purification, in the biological rotting or fermentation process, whereby the resulting exhaust gases in the biological treatment plant accordingly be worked up so that pollution of the environment by these exhaust gases is switched off.
  • the gases can be used to cool the annealing material at the end of the annealing treatment introduced gases at the beginning of the annealing treatment to warm up the red-hot good can be used.
  • FIG. 3 shows a basic diagram of the annealing treatment step.
  • the residual waste generated is processed in a mechanical processing plant which hazardous waste and valuable materials are separated into a Light fraction and a heavy fraction separated.
  • the light fraction which is thermally recyclable, is fed to a special incinerator.
  • the high loss on ignition is used as an energy source and the carbon increases Burned carbon dioxide.
  • the light fraction has a high calorific value and has one essentially constant composition, causing the operation of ecologically sensible and economically favorable incineration plants, e.g. after the principle of the circulating fluidized bed is possible.
  • the heavy fraction coming from the mechanical processing plant is subjected to a biological treatment, where appropriate sewage sludge can be added.
  • the biological treatment is a rotting or a Fermentation process.
  • This biological processing plant is now connected as Another new process step that the biological rotting coming material after it has been screened and screened into a light and heavy fraction is separated, is further processed.
  • the won light Fraction is the light fraction, which comes directly from the mechanical Processing plant for residual waste comes, mixed and burned there.
  • the fraction falling through the sieve or coming from the air classifier heavy fraction is subjected to an afterglow step.
  • the screening of the The product is passed through a sieve with a preferred mesh size of 15 mm.
  • the afterglow is carried out in a special tunnel furnace, whereby However, the prerequisite is that the water content in the biological Treatment level emerging material is reduced to about 20 wt .-% and the maximum possible removal of all light materials is achieved by the wind classifier.
  • the tunnel kiln is preferably electric Resistance heating elements heated to avoid an open flame in the furnace and thereby reduce the risk of fire.
  • This tunnel kiln that becomes Treated goods heated to a temperature of about 1600 ° C. Then it arises a glass-like product, which after cooling accordingly can be deposited.
  • the tunnel kiln is designated 1 in FIG. 3 and has one Resistance heating element 2 for glowing the material.
  • the loading of the Tunnel kiln 1 takes place via a conveyor belt 3, which the goods over a Filling hopper 4 is placed on the conveyor belt 5 leading through the furnace. Of this Conveyor belt 5 then drops the product at 6 and delivers it to a landfill.
  • the kiln 1 has a heating zone 7 and a cooling zone 8, which through a targeted air flow is achieved. This happens between these zones Annealing the good.
  • a pump 9 the cooling air introduced at the end of the cooling zone 8 at the bottom of the kiln occurs through the materials to be cooled and turns out at 10 at the top led out of the oven.
  • the line 10 then leads to the central area of the Heating zone 7, whereby the material introduced into the kiln 1 is heated.
  • the warming gas led out of the kiln via line 11 is transferred via guided a heat exchanger 12, which cools via a fresh water line 13 is.
  • the cooled gas emerging from the heat exchanger 12, which with condensate is mixed, is fed via a line 14 to a separator 15, the cooled air is introduced via line 16 into the cooling zone of the kiln 1, etc. in the direction of the product flow in front of the line coming from the pump 9.
  • the cooling air is heated by the annealed material and exits via line 17 the cooling zone of the kiln and after the line 10 again in kiln 1, etc.
  • the warmed up air which also contains volatile components and Water vapor is enriched, exits the furnace via line 22 passed through a separator 23 and from there via a line 24 one Cleaning station 25 fed.
  • the cleaning station 25 consists of two Wash stages 26, 27, in which the pollutants entrained in the exhaust gas washed out or neutralized. The first wash stage works in the acidic area and the second washing stage in the basic area.
  • the condensate coming from the separators 15 and 23, as well as that from the Heat exchanger 12 emerging fresh water is via lines 35 and 36 in the rotting plant 31 is supplied in order to control the moisture balance there and also to break down any pollutant particles that are carried along.
  • the quantity flow diagram shown in FIG. 2 shows this in another form 1, but with the addition of the individual Branches of guided substrate quantities.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for treating residual waste, in which the light fraction is converted by thermal processes and the dense fraction is subjected to a biological digestion or fermentation process, the dense fraction material coming from the biological digestion or fermentation process being subjected to a burning treatment, preferably at a temperature of about 1600 DEG C. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Behandlung von Restmüll, bei welchem die Leichtfraktion durch thermische Verfahren umgesetzt und die Schwerfraktion einem biologischen Rotte- oder Vergärungsprozeß unterworfen wird.The invention relates to a method for treating residual waste, in which the light fraction is implemented by thermal processes and the Heavy fraction is subjected to a biological rotting or fermentation process.

Restmüll stammt üblicherweise aus kommunalen, gewerblichen oder industriellen Abfällen und entsteht nach der vorherigen Sammlung und Verwertung aller stofflichen und biologischen Anteile im Abfall. Diese Stoffe werden mit den bekannten, untereinander verschiedenen Methoden gesammelt und einer stofflichen oder biologischen Verwertung zugeführt. Der verbleibende Rest sowie die Reste aus den Behandlungsanlagen der stofflichen und biologischen Verwertung bilden den Restmüll. Der zu behandelnde Restmüll ist in seiner Zusammensetzung ähnlich dem gemischten Hausmüll, weist jedoch einen geringeren Gehalt an organischen Stoffen, jedoch einen erhöhten Gehalt an Kunststoffabfällen auf.Residual waste usually comes from municipal, commercial or industrial waste and arises after the previous collection and recycling all material and biological components in waste. These substances are with the known, mutually different methods collected and a material or biological recovery. The rest of the rest as well as the remnants from The treatment plants for material and biological recycling form the Residual waste. The composition of the residual waste to be treated is similar to that mixed household waste, but has a lower organic content, however, an increased level of plastic waste.

Die deutsche Verwaltungsvorschrift "Technische Anleitung Siedlungsabfall" sowie ähnliche Vorschriften in anderen Ländern schreiben vor, daß die nach der Behandlung des Restmülls anfallenden, zu vergrabenden Rückstände nur mehr erdkrustenähnliche Stoffe sein dürfen, wobei der wesentliche Parameter für die zukünftige Deponierung dieser Bestandteile der Glühverlust ist, der nicht mehr als 5 Gew.- % der Trockensubstanz betragen darf. Um der genannten deutschen Verwaltungsvorschrift nachzukommen, muß der Restmüll entsprechend aufgearbeitet werden. Dafür sind grundsätzlich verschiedene Verfahren bekannt, wobei die wesentlichsten Verfahren nach der Reaktionszeit zu unterscheiden sind:

  • a) Thermische Verfahren, d.s. Verbrennung, Vergasung oder Pyrolyse bringen eine kurze Umsetzdauer;
  • b) Biologische Verfahren, d.s. Verrottung oder Vergärung, benötigen eine lange Umsetzdauer.
    • The German administrative regulation "Technical Instructions for Urban Waste" as well as similar regulations in other countries stipulate that the residues to be buried after the treatment of residual waste may only be substances similar to earth crust, whereby the essential parameter for the future disposal of these components is the loss of ignition, which must not be more than 5% by weight of the dry substance. In order to comply with the aforementioned German administrative regulation, the residual waste must be processed accordingly. Various processes are known for this, the most important processes being distinguished according to the reaction time:
  • a) Thermal processes, ie combustion, gasification or pyrolysis result in a short reaction time;
  • b) Biological processes, such as rotting or fermentation, require a long reaction time.

    • Jedes der genannten Verfahren hat jedoch Nachteile, wobei die thermischen Verfahren nur unter Zugrundelegung von langen Genehmigungs- und Bauzeiträumen zu realisieren sind, die biologischen Verfahren hingegen nicht die zukünftig notwendigen Parameter der Deponierung erreichen lassen.However, each of the methods mentioned has disadvantages, the thermal Procedure only on the basis of long approval and construction periods are to be realized, but the biological processes will not be those in the future allow necessary parameters of the landfill to be reached.

    Es ist nun ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art bekannt, bei welchem die Möglichkeit der Kombination beider Verfahrenswege gegeben ist, nämlich das sogenannte "Restmüll-Splittingverfahren". Bei diesem Verfahren wird ein Brennstoff mit hohem Anteil von Glühverlust mechanisch abgeschieden und einer gezielten thermischen Verwertung mittels Leichtfraktionsverbrennungsanlagen oder Leichtfraktionspyrolysenanlagen zugeführt. Die verbleibende Schwerfraktion wird, gegebenenfalls unter Zumischung von Klärschlamm, einem biologischen Rotte- oder Vergärungsprozeß unterzogen. Das dort anfallende Endprodukt erfüllt jedoch nicht die Anforderung der "Technischen Anleitung Siedungsabfall" bezüglich des maximalen Glühverlustes der Trockensubstanz.A method of the type mentioned at the outset is now known, in which the Possibility of combining both methods is given, namely that so-called "residual waste splitting process". In this process, a fuel mechanically separated with a high proportion of ignition loss and a targeted thermal recycling by means of light fraction incineration plants or Light fraction pyrolysis plants supplied. The remaining heavy fraction will optionally with the addition of sewage sludge, a biological rotting or Subjected to fermentation process. However, the end product obtained there does not meet the requirement of the "Technical instructions for municipal waste" regarding the maximum loss on ignition of the dry substance.

    Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit welchem die verordneten Parameter für die zu deponierenden Restbestandteile erzielt werden.The invention is therefore based on the object of a method of the beginning to create the type with which the prescribed parameters for the depositing remaining components can be achieved.

    Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß das von dem biologischen Rotte- oder Vergärungsprozeß kommende Material der Schwerfraktion einer Glühbehandlung, vorzugsweise bei einer Temperatur von etwa 1600°C, unterworfen wird. Dadurch wird das Produkt in einen Schmelzzustand übergeführt und hat am Ausgang des entsprechenden Ofens glasartigen Charakter. Eine Deponierung ist nach allen derzeitigen Vorschriften problemlos möglich.According to the invention this object is achieved in that the biological rotting or fermentation process coming material of the heavy fraction an annealing treatment, preferably at a temperature of about 1600 ° C, is subjected. As a result, the product is converted into a melt state and has a glass-like character at the exit of the corresponding furnace. A Landfilling is easily possible according to all current regulations.

    Vorteilhafterweise kann das von dem biologischen Rotte- oder Vergärungsprozeß kommende Material vor der Glühbehandlung durch Windsichtung von den verbliebenen Leichtstoffen befreit werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß jene Substanzen, welche nicht unbedingt der Glühbehandlung zu unterwerfen sind, da sind anderweitig verwendbar sind, den Glühprozeß und damit die Energiebilanz nicht belasten. Dabei können die durch Windsichtung abgetrennten Leichtstoffe der Leichtfraktion vor deren thermischen Verwertung zugesetzt werden, wodurch der in den Leichtstoffen enthaltene Energieinhalt besonders gut ausgenützt werden kann. Die bei der Glühbehandlung anfallenden Abgase können, gegebenenfalls nach Reinigung, in den biologischen Rotte- oder Vergärungsprozeß eingeführt werden, wodurch die anfallenden Abgase in der biologischen Behandlungsanlage entsprechend aufgearbeitet werden, sodaß eine Belastung der Umwelt durch diese Abgase ausgeschaltet ist. Zur Verbesserung der Energiebilanz und zur besseren Ausnützung der Gase können die zur Kühlung des Glühgutes am Ende der Glühbehandlung eingebrachten Gase am Beginn der Glühbehandlung zur Anwärmung des zu glühenden Gutes eingesetzt werden.Advantageously, the biological rotting or Fermentation process coming material before the annealing treatment by wind sifting of the remaining light materials. This has the advantage that Substances that are not necessarily subject to the annealing treatment because are otherwise usable, the annealing process and thus the energy balance is not strain. The light materials separated by wind sifting can Light fraction are added prior to their thermal utilization, whereby the in the energy content contained in light materials can be used particularly well. The exhaust gases resulting from the annealing treatment can, if necessary, Purification, in the biological rotting or fermentation process, whereby the resulting exhaust gases in the biological treatment plant accordingly be worked up so that pollution of the environment by these exhaust gases is switched off. To improve the energy balance and for better utilization The gases can be used to cool the annealing material at the end of the annealing treatment introduced gases at the beginning of the annealing treatment to warm up the red-hot good can be used.

    Schließlich können die nach Anwärmung des zu glühenden Gutes aus diesem austretenden Gase entwässert werden, wobei die anfallenden Abwässer dem biologischen Rotte- oder Vergärungsprozeß zugeführt werden. Damit wird eine weitere Reinigung der Abwässer erreicht, da diese in den biologischen Rotte- oder Vergärungsprozeß einerseits die benötigte Feuchtigkeit einbringen und anderseits die in ihnen enthaltenen, von den Mikroorganismen verarbeitbaren Substanzen abgebaut werden.Finally, after the material to be heated has been heated, it can be heated escaping gases are dewatered, the waste water accruing to the biological rotting or fermentation process. So that becomes a further purification of the wastewater achieved, as this in the biological rotting or Fermentation process on the one hand bring in the required moisture and on the other hand the contained in them, which can be processed by the microorganisms will.

    Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The method according to the invention is described below with reference to the drawings explained in more detail.

    Fig. 1 veranschaulicht anhand eines Blockdiagramms den Verfahrensablauf und den Weg der einzelnen Fraktionen bzw. Anteile.1 illustrates the process sequence and the way of the individual fractions or shares.

    Fig. 2 gibt ein Mengenfließdiagramm bezüglich der Restmüllverwertung wieder.2 gives a quantity flow diagram with regard to the recycling of residual waste again.

    Fig. 3 zeigt ein Prinzipschema des Glühbehandlungsschrittes.3 shows a basic diagram of the annealing treatment step.

    Der anfallende Restmüll wird in einer mechanischen Aufbereitungsanlage, in welcher gefährliche Abfälle und Wertstoffe ausgesondert werden, in eine Leichtfraktion und eine Schwerfraktion aufgetrennt. Die Leichtfraktion, welche thermisch verwertbar ist, wird einer speziellen Verbrennungsanlage zugeführt. Dabei wird der hohe Glühverlust als Energieträger genützt und der Kohlenstoff zu Kohlendioxid verbrannt. Die Leichtfraktion hat einen hohen Heizwert und weist eine im wesentlichen konstante Zusammensetzung auf, wodurch der Betrieb von ökologisch sinnvollen und ökonomisch günstigen Verbrennungsanlagen, z.B. nach dem Prinzip der zirkulierenden Wirbelschicht, möglich ist. The residual waste generated is processed in a mechanical processing plant which hazardous waste and valuable materials are separated into a Light fraction and a heavy fraction separated. The light fraction, which is thermally recyclable, is fed to a special incinerator. Here the high loss on ignition is used as an energy source and the carbon increases Burned carbon dioxide. The light fraction has a high calorific value and has one essentially constant composition, causing the operation of ecologically sensible and economically favorable incineration plants, e.g. after the principle of the circulating fluidized bed is possible.

    Die aus der mechanischen Aufbereitungsanlage kommende Schwerfraktion wird einer biologischen Behandlung zugeführt, wobei gegebenenfalls Klärschlamm zugemischt werden kann. Die biologische Behandlung ist dabei ein Rotte- oder ein Vergärungsprozeß. An diese biologische Aufbereitungsanlage schließt nun als weiterer, neuer Verfahrensschritt an, daß das von dieser biologischen Rotte kommende Material, nachdem es durch Absiebung und Windsichtung in eine leichte und schwere Fraktion getrennt wird, weiter aufbereitet wird. Die gewonnene leichte Fraktion wird der Leichtfraktion, welche direkt aus der mechanischen Aufbereitungsanlage des Restmülls kommt, zugemischt und dort verbrannt. Die durch das Sieb hindurchfallende Fraktion bzw. die vom Windsichter kommende schwere Fraktion wird einem Nachglühschritt unterzogen. Die Absiebung des Produktes erfolgt dabei über ein Sieb mit einer bevorzugten Maschenweite von 15 mm. Das Nachglühen wird in einem speziellen Tunnelofen vorgenommen, wobei jedoch Voraussetzung ist, daß der Wassergehalt des in der biologischen Behandlungsstufe austretenden Materials auf ca. 20 Gew.-% herabgesetzt ist und die maximal mögliche Entfernung aller Leichtstoffe durch den Windsichter erzielt ist.The heavy fraction coming from the mechanical processing plant is subjected to a biological treatment, where appropriate sewage sludge can be added. The biological treatment is a rotting or a Fermentation process. This biological processing plant is now connected as Another new process step that the biological rotting coming material after it has been screened and screened into a light and heavy fraction is separated, is further processed. The won light Fraction is the light fraction, which comes directly from the mechanical Processing plant for residual waste comes, mixed and burned there. The fraction falling through the sieve or coming from the air classifier heavy fraction is subjected to an afterglow step. The screening of the The product is passed through a sieve with a preferred mesh size of 15 mm. The afterglow is carried out in a special tunnel furnace, whereby However, the prerequisite is that the water content in the biological Treatment level emerging material is reduced to about 20 wt .-% and the maximum possible removal of all light materials is achieved by the wind classifier.

    Der Tunnelbrennofen wird bevorzugt mittels elektrischer Widerstandsheizelemente beheizt, um eine offene Flamme im Ofen zu vermeiden und dadurch die Brandgefahr herabzusetzen. In diesem Tunnelofen wird das zu behandelnde Gut auf eine Temperatur von etwa 1600°C aufgeheizt. Es entsteht dann ein glasartiges Produkt, welches nach entsprechender Abkühlung ohneweiters deponiert werden kann.The tunnel kiln is preferably electric Resistance heating elements heated to avoid an open flame in the furnace and thereby reduce the risk of fire. In this tunnel kiln, that becomes Treated goods heated to a temperature of about 1600 ° C. Then it arises a glass-like product, which after cooling accordingly can be deposited.

    Der Tunnelofen ist in Fig. 3 mit 1 bezeichnet und weist ein Widerstandsheizelement 2zum Glühen des Gutes auf. Die Beschickung des Tunnelofens 1 erfolgt über ein Förderband 3, welches das Gut über einen Einfülltrichter 4 auf das durch den Ofen führende Förderband 5 auflegt. Von diesem Förderband 5 wird dann das Produkt bei 6 abgeworfen und einer Deponie zugeführt. Der Brennofen 1 weist eine Aufheizzone 7 und eine Kühlzone 8 auf, welche durch eine gezielte Luftführung erreicht wird. Zwischen diesen Zonen erfolgt das Ausglühen des Gutes. Zur Kühlung des geglühten Produktes wird über eine Pumpe 9 die Kühlluft am Ende der Kühlzone 8 am Boden des Brennofens eingeführt, tritt durch die zu kühlenden Materialien hindurch und wird am oberen Ende bei 10 aus dem Ofen herausgeführt. Die Leitung 10 führt dann in den mittleren Bereich der Aufheizzone 7 ein, wodurch das den Brennofen 1 eingebrachte Gut aufgewärmt wird. Das über die Leitung 11 aus dem Brennofen herausgeführte Aufwärmgas wird über einen Wärmetauscher 12 geführt, welcher über eine Frischwasserleitung 13 gekühlt ist. Das aus dem Wärmetauscher 12 austretende gekühlte Gas, welches mit Kondensat vermischt wird, wird über eine Leitung 14 einem Abscheider 15 zugeführt, wobei die abgekühlte Luft über die Leitung 16 in die Kühlzone des Brennofens 1 eingeführt ist, u.zw. in Richtung des Produktflusses vor der von der Pumpe 9 kommenden Leitung. Die Kühlluft wird von dem geglühten Gut aufgeheizt und tritt über die Leitung 17 aus der Kühlzone des Brennofens aus und wird nach der Einmündung der Leitung 10 wieder in den Brennofen 1, u.zw. in die Aufheizzone, eingeführt, wonach dann das abgekühlte Gas über die Leitung 18 aus dem Brennofen heraus und einem weiteren Wärmetauscher 19 zugeführt wird. Durch diesen Wärmeaustauscher wird über eine Frischluftpumpe 20 Frischluft eingeleitet, welche im Wärmetauscher 19 aufgewärmt und über eine Leitung 21 zu Beginn der Aufwärmzone 7 des Brennofens 1 eingebracht wird. Die so aufgewärmte Luft, welche auch mit flüchtigen Bestandteilen und Wasserdampf angereichert ist, tritt über die Leitung 22 aus dem Brennofen aus, wird über einen Abscheider 23 geführt und von dort über eine Leitung 24 einer Reinigungsstation 25 zugeleitet. Die Reinigungsstation 25 besteht aus zwei Waschstufen 26, 27, in welchen die im Abgas mitgenommenen Schadstoffe ausgewaschen bzw. neutralisiert werden. Es arbeitet nämlich die erste Waschstufe im sauren Bereich und die zweite Waschstufe im basischen Bereich. Die im Abgas mitkommenden Schadstoffe werden dadurch neutralisiert und in der Waschwasserbehandlungsanlage 25 als Feststoffe (REA-Produkte) ausgeschieden. Diese Feststoffe sind einer Deponie für gefährliche Abfälle zuzuführen. Die aus der Waschanlage 25 kommenden Abgase werden über einen Aktivkohlefilter 28 nochmals gereinigt, um eventuell noch mitkommende spezielle organische Schadstoffe abzuscheiden. Mittels einer Pumpe 29 werden diese Abgase über eine Leitung 30 einer Rotteanlage 31 zugeführt, u.zw. der biologischen Aufbereitungsanlage der schweren Fraktion der von der mechanischen Aufbereitungsanlage kommenden Restmüllfraktion. Von dieser Rotteanlage 31 austretende Abgase werden über eine Pumpe 32 einer Biowaschanlage 33 zugeführt und dann über die Leitung 34 in die Atmosphäre abgelassen.The tunnel kiln is designated 1 in FIG. 3 and has one Resistance heating element 2 for glowing the material. The loading of the Tunnel kiln 1 takes place via a conveyor belt 3, which the goods over a Filling hopper 4 is placed on the conveyor belt 5 leading through the furnace. Of this Conveyor belt 5 then drops the product at 6 and delivers it to a landfill. The kiln 1 has a heating zone 7 and a cooling zone 8, which through a targeted air flow is achieved. This happens between these zones Annealing the good. To cool the annealed product, a pump 9 the cooling air introduced at the end of the cooling zone 8 at the bottom of the kiln occurs through the materials to be cooled and turns out at 10 at the top led out of the oven. The line 10 then leads to the central area of the Heating zone 7, whereby the material introduced into the kiln 1 is heated. The warming gas led out of the kiln via line 11 is transferred via guided a heat exchanger 12, which cools via a fresh water line 13 is. The cooled gas emerging from the heat exchanger 12, which with condensate is mixed, is fed via a line 14 to a separator 15, the cooled air is introduced via line 16 into the cooling zone of the kiln 1, etc. in the direction of the product flow in front of the line coming from the pump 9. The cooling air is heated by the annealed material and exits via line 17 the cooling zone of the kiln and after the line 10 again in kiln 1, etc. into the heating zone, after which the cooled gas via line 18 out of the furnace and another Heat exchanger 19 is supplied. Through this heat exchanger is a Fresh air pump 20 Fresh air introduced, which is warmed up in the heat exchanger 19 and introduced via a line 21 at the beginning of the heating zone 7 of the kiln 1 becomes. The warmed up air, which also contains volatile components and Water vapor is enriched, exits the furnace via line 22 passed through a separator 23 and from there via a line 24 one Cleaning station 25 fed. The cleaning station 25 consists of two Wash stages 26, 27, in which the pollutants entrained in the exhaust gas washed out or neutralized. The first wash stage works in the acidic area and the second washing stage in the basic area. The one in the exhaust accompanying pollutants are thereby neutralized and in the Wash water treatment plant 25 excreted as solids (REA products). These solids should be sent to a hazardous waste landfill. The one from the The exhaust system 25 coming from an activated carbon filter 28 cleaned again for any special organic that may still come along Separate pollutants. By means of a pump 29, these exhaust gases are discharged through a Line 30 fed to a rotting plant 31, etc. the biological Processing plant of the heavy fraction of the mechanical Processing plant coming residual waste fraction. From this rotting plant 31 Exhaust gases are fed to a bio-washing system 33 via a pump 32 and then released into the atmosphere via line 34.

    Das von den Abscheidern 15 und 23 kommende Kondensat, sowie das aus dem Wärmeaustauscher 12 austretende Frischwasser wird über Leitungen 35 bzw. 36 in die Rotteanlage 31 zugeführt, um dort den Feuchtigkeitshaushalt zu steuern und auch um dort gegebenenfalls mitgenommene Schadstoffpartikel abzubauen.The condensate coming from the separators 15 and 23, as well as that from the Heat exchanger 12 emerging fresh water is via lines 35 and 36 in the rotting plant 31 is supplied in order to control the moisture balance there and also to break down any pollutant particles that are carried along.

    Das in Fig. 2 wiedergegebene Mengenfließdiagramm zeigt in anderer Form das Fließdiagramm gemäß Fig. 1, jedoch unter Hinzufügung der in den einzelnen Abzweigungen geführten Substratmengen.The quantity flow diagram shown in FIG. 2 shows this in another form 1, but with the addition of the individual Branches of guided substrate quantities.

    Claims (6)

    1. A process for treating residual refuse, in which the light fraction is converted by heat processes and the heavy fraction is subjected to a biological rotting or fermenting process, characterised in that the material of the heavy fraction resulting from the biological rotting or fermenting process is subjected to a heating treatment, preferably at a temperature of approximately 1,600oC.
    2. A process according to Claim 1, characterised in that, before the heating treatment, the material resulting from the biological rotting or fermenting process is freed of the remaining light materials by air separation.
    3. A process according to Claim 2, characterised in that the light materials separated by air separation are added to the light fraction before its thermal utilisation.
    4. A process according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the waste gases formed during the heating treatment are introduced, optionally after purification, into the biological rotting or fermenting process.
    5. A process according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the gases introduced for cooling the heated material at the end of the heating treatment are used at the beginning of the heating treatment to heat up the material to be heated.
    6. A process according to Claim 5, characterised in that the gases emerging from the material to be heated after heating up thereof are dewatered, whereupon the resultant waste water is fed to the biological rotting or fermenting process.
    EP94890218A 1993-12-29 1994-12-22 Process for treating waste Expired - Lifetime EP0661367B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    AT0264493A AT399864B (en) 1993-12-29 1993-12-29 METHOD FOR TREATING RESIDUAL WASTE
    AT2644/93 1993-12-29

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0661367A1 EP0661367A1 (en) 1995-07-05
    EP0661367B1 true EP0661367B1 (en) 1998-09-02

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    ID=3537967

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP94890218A Expired - Lifetime EP0661367B1 (en) 1993-12-29 1994-12-22 Process for treating waste

    Country Status (3)

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    EP (1) EP0661367B1 (en)
    AT (2) AT399864B (en)
    DE (1) DE59406828D1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE59702574D1 (en) 1997-07-18 2000-12-07 Amand Entwicklungs Gmbh Process and plant for the thermal treatment of waste materials and / or fractions

    Family Cites Families (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US3736111A (en) * 1971-05-17 1973-05-29 Hercules Inc Process and apparatus for the complete reclamation of valuable products from solid waste
    DE3402215A1 (en) * 1984-01-24 1985-07-25 Peter 7869 Holzinshaus Voelskow Method, plant and appliances for the simultaneous processing of refuse and sewage sludge
    DE3440484A1 (en) * 1984-11-06 1986-05-07 Peter 7869 Aitern Voelskow Process for low-temperature carbonisation of partially moist biomass wastes
    DE3807249C1 (en) * 1988-01-26 1990-02-15 Peter 7869 Aitern De Voelskow A process for the thermal utilisation of organic wastes

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP0661367A1 (en) 1995-07-05
    ATA264493A (en) 1994-12-15
    AT399864B (en) 1995-08-25
    ATE170543T1 (en) 1998-09-15
    DE59406828D1 (en) 1998-10-08

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