DE3807249C1 - A process for the thermal utilisation of organic wastes - Google Patents
A process for the thermal utilisation of organic wastesInfo
- Publication number
- DE3807249C1 DE3807249C1 DE19883807249 DE3807249A DE3807249C1 DE 3807249 C1 DE3807249 C1 DE 3807249C1 DE 19883807249 DE19883807249 DE 19883807249 DE 3807249 A DE3807249 A DE 3807249A DE 3807249 C1 DE3807249 C1 DE 3807249C1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- smoldering
- flue gases
- air
- oxidation catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung ist ein Zusatzpatent zu Patent 38 02 109 zur thermischen Verwer tung der darin genannten Abfallstoffe oder Abfallgemische.The invention is an additional patent 38 02 109 for thermal recycling treatment of the waste materials or waste mixtures specified therein.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Aufbereitung und Verbrennung zu finden, bei der das Rauchgasvolumen drastisch gesenkt und die Staubbelastung im Rauchgas merklich reduziert werden kann und hinter der die Asche als Schmelzschlacke anfällt, in der ev. Schadstoffe in verglaster Form unlöslich eingebunden sind. Darüber hinaus soll die Zerkleinerung des vorgetrockneten Abfalls erleichtert und sollen die dabei auftretenden Verschleißkosten gesenkt werden. Ferner sollen die in einer Schmelzkammerfeuerung bei hohen Verbrennungstemperaturen ent stehenden Stickoxide innerhalb der Verfahrensstufen so weit reduziert werden, daß sich eine zusätzliche Denoxanlage bei der Rauchgasreinigung weitgehend oder ganz erübrigt.The object of the invention is to prepare and incinerate find where the flue gas volume is drastically reduced and the dust pollution in the flue gas can be significantly reduced can and behind which the ash accumulates as a melting slag, in the possibly contaminants are incorporated insolubilized in glazed form. In addition, the crushing of the pre-dried waste facilitates and should the occurring Wear costs can be reduced. Furthermore, the in a Melting chamber firing at high combustion temperatures standing nitrogen oxides within the process stages so far be reduced that an additional Denox system the flue gas cleaning largely or completely unnecessary.
Die Erleichterung der Zerkleinerung von Hausmüll durch Ver schwelung ist bekannt (DE-PS 35 39 149). In der genann ten Druckschrift dient die thermische Zerkleinerung jedoch einem völlig anderen Zweck. Es sollen Porenbildner für Tonbau stoffe aus Müll erzeugt werden. Eine vollständige Entgasung ist dafür zweckmäßig, weil eine weitere Entgasung im getrock neten, noch nicht im Brennofen gesinterten Ton, festigkeits mindernde Risse bzw. Kanäle im Ton bilden kann. Die restlose Vergasung des Kohlenstoffs geschieht dann erst bei der Sinter temperatur, ohne Risse im Tongerüst zu erzeugen.The ease of shredding household waste by Ver Smoldering is known (DE-PS 35 39 149). In the genann The thermal comminution serves the th publication a completely different purpose. They are said to be pore formers for clay construction substances are generated from waste. Complete degassing is useful for this, because a further degassing in the dry clay, not yet sintered in the kiln, strength can form reducing cracks or channels in the clay. The rest Gasification of the carbon then only occurs during sintering temperature without creating cracks in the clay framework.
Für eine nachfolgende Verbrennung mittels Einblasfeuerung in einer Schmelzkammerfeuerung (z. B. einer Zyklonbrennkammer) ist jedoch ein hoher Gasanteil des Schwelkokses zweckmäßig, weil Einblasfeuerungen mit sinkendem Gasanteil des Kohlenbrenn stoffes, z. B. bei Anthrazit oder Koksstaub, schlechter zünden und ausbrennen lassen. For a subsequent combustion by means of injection firing in a melting chamber firing (e.g. a cyclone combustion chamber) however, a high gas content of the smoked coke is advisable, because injection furnaces with a decreasing gas content from coal burning fabric, e.g. B. with anthracite or coke dust, ignite poorly and let it burn out.
Auch die Verschwelung (ohne Vertrocknung) vor einer Schmelz kammerfeuerung ist bekannt (Vortrag Dipl. Ing. Berwein, Firma Siemens-KWU-Umwelttechnik/Erlangen, bei der Tagung: "Müllver brennung und Umwelt", Berlin, Kongreßzentrum, Oktober 1987). Das sogenannte Siemens-Schwel-Brenn-Verfahren verwendet eine Drehrohr-Pyrolyse mit indirekt durch Rauchgase beheiztem Drehrohr und etlichen Zusatzaggregaten; der Pyrolyserück stand (Schwelkoks) soll zusammen mit dem Pyrolysegas in einer Schmelzkammerfeuerung verbrannt werden.Also the smoldering (without drying out) before melting Chamber firing is known (lecture by Dipl. Ing. Berwein, company Siemens-KWU-Umwelttechnik / Erlangen, at the conference: "Müllver burning and environment ", Berlin, Congress Center, October 1987). The so-called Siemens smoldering process uses one Rotary tube pyrolysis with indirectly heated by flue gases Rotary tube and several additional units; the pyrolysis back Stand (Schwelkoks) should be together with the pyrolysis gas in one Melting chamber fires are burned.
Dieses Verfahren hat mehrere Nachteile:This process has several disadvantages:
- a) kann die Verschwe lung in einem derartigen Drehrohr kaum so geregelt werden, daß ein hoher Gasanteil im Schwelkoks verbleibt; das ist nur bei sehr niedriger Schweltemperatur im engen Temperaturspektrum möglich und ein enges Temperaturspektrum ist in einer durch Rauchgase beheizten Schweltrommel nicht einzuhalten.a) the concealment development in such a rotary tube can hardly be regulated so that a high proportion of gas remains in the smoked coke; that is only with very low temperature in the narrow temperature range possible and a narrow temperature spectrum is in one go Smoke drum heated fumes not to be observed.
- b) benö tigt eine derartige Anlage eine aufwendige Denox-Anlage inner halb des Rauchgasreinigungs-Komplexes.b) required such a system makes a complex Denox system inside half of the flue gas cleaning complex.
- c) wird der gesamte Wasserdampf, der in der Pyrolysetrommel ausgetrieben wird, zu sammen mit dem Dampf des Reaktionswassers als "Ballastgas" in die Schmelzkammerfeuerung eingeleitet, was einerseits die Verbrennungstemperatur erniedrigt und ev. Zusatzbrennstoff erfordert, um die Schlacke schmelflüssig ablaufen zu lassen, und andererseits wird dadurch das Rauchgasvolumen erhöht und die Rauchgasreinigungsanlage wieder vergrößert und verteuert.c) the whole Water vapor that is expelled in the pyrolysis drum together with the steam of the water of reaction as "ballast gas" introduced into the melting chamber firing, which on the one hand the Lowered combustion temperature and possibly additional fuel required to make the slag run molten, and on the other hand this increases the flue gas volume and the flue gas cleaning system again enlarged and made more expensive.
Die zusätzlichen Aufgaben der Erfindung neben den Aufgaben
der Hauptanmeldung: Minimierung der Rauchgasmenge durch
weitgehende Vermeidung von verdampftem Wasser in der Feuer
ung und Erzeugung einer verglasten Schmelzschlacke als
Verbrennungsrückstand sind:
Minimierung des Zerkleinerungsaufwandes,
Minimierung der Stickoxide im Rauchgas.The additional tasks of the invention in addition to the tasks of the main application: minimizing the amount of flue gas by largely avoiding evaporated water in the furnace and generating a glazed melting slag as combustion residue are:
Minimization of shredding effort,
Minimization of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas.
Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe, wie in den Patentansprüchen beschrieben.The invention solves the problem as in the claims described.
Die Vorteile sind einleuchtend. Die Verschwelung nach einer biologischen Vortrocknung verringert den Wasserdampfgehalt im Schwelgas und damit die Rauchgasmenge. Die Verschwelung in einem engen Temperaturspektrum bei niedriger Temperatur er gibt einen hohen Gasanteil im Schwelkoks und bessere Brennbar keit des Kohlerückstandes in einer Einblasfeuerung. Die Aus scheidung insbesondere von Wasser aus dem Schwelgas durch Kon densation verringert weiter die Rauchgasmenge. Das Schwelöl kann als Zusatzbrennstoff zur Temperaturregelung der Feuerung eingesetzt werden. Die unterstöchiometrische Nachverbrennung des Schwelgases in den heißen Rauchgasen zusammen mit einer nachgeschalteten Heißgasentstaubung und katalytischen Nachoxi dation kann Stickoxide in den Rauchgasen weitgehend reduzieren. Auch die Verschwelung im direkten, abgekühlten Rauchgasstrom kann bei geringer Temperaturspreizung durchgeführt werden.The advantages are obvious. The smoldering after one biological pre-drying reduces the water vapor content in the smoldering gas and thus the amount of flue gas. The smoldering in a narrow temperature spectrum at low temperature gives a high gas content in the smoked coke and better flammability carbon residue in a blast furnace. The out separation in particular of water from the carbonization gas through Kon densation further reduces the amount of flue gas. The smoldering oil can be used as an additional fuel for temperature control of the furnace be used. Sub-stoichiometric afterburning of the smoldering gas in the hot flue gases together with one downstream hot gas dedusting and catalytic post-oxi dation can largely reduce nitrogen oxides in the flue gases. Also the smoldering in the direct, cooled flue gas stream can be carried out with low temperature spread.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19883807249 DE3807249C1 (en) | 1988-01-26 | 1988-03-05 | A process for the thermal utilisation of organic wastes |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3802109A DE3802109C1 (en) | 1988-01-26 | 1988-01-26 | Process for thermal utilisation of organic waste materials |
DE19883807249 DE3807249C1 (en) | 1988-01-26 | 1988-03-05 | A process for the thermal utilisation of organic wastes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3807249C1 true DE3807249C1 (en) | 1990-02-15 |
Family
ID=25864247
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19883807249 Expired - Lifetime DE3807249C1 (en) | 1988-01-26 | 1988-03-05 | A process for the thermal utilisation of organic wastes |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3807249C1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4118908A1 (en) * | 1991-06-08 | 1992-12-10 | Suedfleisch Gmbh | Stomach rumen contents disposal of slaughtered beef - uses mechanical and indirect drying before burning with enclosed gas system to contain smells |
DE4238934A1 (en) * | 1992-11-19 | 1994-05-26 | Noell Dbi Energie Entsorgung | Gasification of organic materials by partial oxidn. - in free-flow gasifier after thermal embrittlement and comminution |
DE4302740A1 (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1994-08-04 | Werner Trapp | Biological waste disposal process with electricity generation |
EP0661367A1 (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1995-07-05 | Technisches Büro Ing. Reinhard Göschl | Process for treating waste |
DE19503669A1 (en) * | 1995-01-27 | 1996-08-08 | Pelox Bioconversionstech Gmbh | Secondary fuel based on rotted waste |
DE19547062A1 (en) * | 1995-12-18 | 1997-06-19 | Ml Entsorgungs Und Energieanla | Process and device for drying organic waste |
DE19732152A1 (en) * | 1997-07-25 | 1999-01-28 | Herhof Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Process to make coke fuel from waste materials |
DE19526720C2 (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1999-10-14 | Herhof Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Process for the energetic and material recycling of waste |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3531647A1 (en) * | 1985-09-05 | 1987-03-12 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Process and plant for thermal treatment, in particular for rendering material harmless which is contaminated with pollutants |
DE3635068A1 (en) * | 1986-10-15 | 1988-04-21 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Process and plant for the combined thermal disposal of contaminated soil, refuse, special waste, sewage sludge and waste oil |
DE3539149C2 (en) * | 1985-11-05 | 1988-05-26 | Bc Berlin Consult Gmbh, 1000 Berlin, De | |
DE3811820A1 (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1989-02-16 | Siemens Ag | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THERMAL WASTE DISPOSAL |
DE3735906A1 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1989-05-18 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | METHOD FOR THERMAL DISPOSAL OF ORGANIC OR ORGANICALLY-CONTAMINATED WASTE |
-
1988
- 1988-03-05 DE DE19883807249 patent/DE3807249C1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3531647A1 (en) * | 1985-09-05 | 1987-03-12 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Process and plant for thermal treatment, in particular for rendering material harmless which is contaminated with pollutants |
DE3539149C2 (en) * | 1985-11-05 | 1988-05-26 | Bc Berlin Consult Gmbh, 1000 Berlin, De | |
DE3635068A1 (en) * | 1986-10-15 | 1988-04-21 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Process and plant for the combined thermal disposal of contaminated soil, refuse, special waste, sewage sludge and waste oil |
DE3811820A1 (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1989-02-16 | Siemens Ag | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THERMAL WASTE DISPOSAL |
DE3735906A1 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1989-05-18 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | METHOD FOR THERMAL DISPOSAL OF ORGANIC OR ORGANICALLY-CONTAMINATED WASTE |
Non-Patent Citations (7)
Title |
---|
BERWEIN, H.-J.: Das Siemens-KWU-Schwelbrennver- fahren. Vortragsmanuskript, vorgetragen auf der Tagung "Müllverbrennung und Umwelt", 2.-5.11.1987 in Berlin, Veranstalter Prof.Dr. ThomE-Kozmiensky * |
Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, Stuttgart * |
Firmenschrift der Dr. C. Otto & Comp. GmbH, Bochum: Otto-Pyrolysetechnologie, Zukunftsorien- tierte Verfahren der thermischen Abfallbehandlung,Mai 1984 * |
Firmenschrift: "Standpunkt" der Siemens AG, Berlin und München, Unternehmensbereich KWU: Auf daß uns der Müll nicht über den Kopf wächst, April 1988 * |
Lexikon des Bergbaus, S. 173 und S. 483 * |
LUEGER. Lexikon der Technik, 4. Aufl., 1962 * |
MURAKAMI, N. Application of the Mact In-Furnace NOx Removal Process Coupled with a low NOx SGR Burner, Joint Symposium on Stationary Combustion NOx Control, 6.-9.05.1985, Boston/MA USA * |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4118908A1 (en) * | 1991-06-08 | 1992-12-10 | Suedfleisch Gmbh | Stomach rumen contents disposal of slaughtered beef - uses mechanical and indirect drying before burning with enclosed gas system to contain smells |
DE4238934A1 (en) * | 1992-11-19 | 1994-05-26 | Noell Dbi Energie Entsorgung | Gasification of organic materials by partial oxidn. - in free-flow gasifier after thermal embrittlement and comminution |
DE4302740A1 (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1994-08-04 | Werner Trapp | Biological waste disposal process with electricity generation |
EP0661367A1 (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1995-07-05 | Technisches Büro Ing. Reinhard Göschl | Process for treating waste |
DE19503669A1 (en) * | 1995-01-27 | 1996-08-08 | Pelox Bioconversionstech Gmbh | Secondary fuel based on rotted waste |
DE19526720C2 (en) * | 1995-07-21 | 1999-10-14 | Herhof Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Process for the energetic and material recycling of waste |
DE19547062A1 (en) * | 1995-12-18 | 1997-06-19 | Ml Entsorgungs Und Energieanla | Process and device for drying organic waste |
DE19732152A1 (en) * | 1997-07-25 | 1999-01-28 | Herhof Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Process to make coke fuel from waste materials |
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Legal Events
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8100 | Publication of the examined application without publication of unexamined application | ||
AF | Is addition to no. |
Ref country code: DE Ref document number: 3802109 Format of ref document f/p: P |
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D1 | Grant (no unexamined application published) patent law 81 | ||
8363 | Opposition against the patent | ||
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: MAX AICHER GMBH & CO, 83395 FREILASSING, DE |
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8381 | Inventor (new situation) |
Free format text: VOELSKOW, PETER, 79677 AITERN, DE |
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8330 | Complete disclaimer |