EP0659950B1 - Building with wooden construction - Google Patents
Building with wooden construction Download PDFInfo
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- EP0659950B1 EP0659950B1 EP94120472A EP94120472A EP0659950B1 EP 0659950 B1 EP0659950 B1 EP 0659950B1 EP 94120472 A EP94120472 A EP 94120472A EP 94120472 A EP94120472 A EP 94120472A EP 0659950 B1 EP0659950 B1 EP 0659950B1
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- panels
- building according
- ceiling
- internal
- cross
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
Definitions
- the invention relates to a building with a wooden structure, which is formed from wall stands, outer panels, inner panels, ceiling beams and ceiling panels.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to construct a building of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that a further improvement of the thermal insulation properties is made possible, taking stability into account.
- crossbar is made of wood.
- a good compromise between sufficient stability and economical use of load-bearing wooden parts is provided in that the wall stands are arranged at a horizontal distance of approximately 81.5 cm - 83.5 cm.
- ceiling panels extending in the horizontal direction are arranged in the vertical direction above the ceiling beams.
- a further improvement in stability and an improvement in the assembly processes can be brought about by the fact that the crossbeams are arranged above the ceiling panels.
- the inner panels be made of a hard wood material.
- the outer panels are made of a soft wood material.
- a high stability of the construction can be supported in that the metal holders are made of steel or aluminum alloys.
- a useful dimensioning is that the cross members have a cross section of about 6 cm x 6 cm.
- the wall stands have a cross section in the range from 6 cm x 14 cm to 6 cm x 18 cm.
- the ceiling beams have a cross section in the range from 6 cm x 24 cm to 10 cm x 26 cm.
- Bracing and cladding in the area of the roof takes place in that a roof formed from rafters is provided, which is covered with plates in the area of its expansion facing the interior of the building.
- the stability of the building can be further increased in that in a corner area, which is delimited by the inner panels of the wall on the one hand and the inner panels of the roof on the other hand, a cross-beam is arranged which is screwed to both the wall panels and the roof panels.
- the roof cross members form a closed frame three-dimensionally.
- a sufficient installation space for lines and pipes can be provided in that a substantially parallel to the inner plate Inner casing is arranged and that the distance of the inner plate to the inner casing corresponds to a material thickness of the crossbar.
- An additional improvement in the insulating properties can be brought about in that corner regions of mutually bordering walls are essentially free of wall stands.
- the wooden structure of the building consists of wall stands (1), which are provided with inner panels (3) in the area of a building interior (2) and with outer panels (5) in the area of a building environment (4).
- the wall stands (1) are arranged essentially in the vertical direction and are spaced apart. Insulation material can be used in the area of the gaps be arranged. In particular, a distance of 81.5 cm has proven useful for a distance between the wall stands (1). This results in an adaptation to the usual manufacturing dimensions of the inner panels (3), so that a low-loss cut can be guaranteed.
- ceiling beams (6) are provided in the area of the building interior (2) for vertical division, which extend essentially in the horizontal direction.
- the ceiling beams (6) are guided with ends (7) against the inner plates (3) and do not penetrate either the inner plates (3) or the wall stands (1).
- metal holders (8) are provided, which extend parallel and along the inner plate (3) with a contact plate (9).
- a support plate (10) is arranged perpendicular to the contact plate (9) and extends into the end (7) of the ceiling beam (6).
- a connection to the ceiling beam (6) is made by rod-like connecting elements (11).
- connecting means (12) are provided which penetrate the inner plate (3).
- the connecting means (12) can be designed, for example, as nailing.
- a crossbar (15) is arranged in the area of a corner (14) spanned by the ceiling plate (13) and the inner plate (3).
- the crossbar (15) is preferably designed as a rectangular wooden profile. To ensure sufficient fixation, the cross-member (15) is screwed to both the ceiling plate (13) and the inner plate (3).
- crossbar (15) is screwed through the inner plate (3) to the wall stands (1).
- an additional inner casing (16) is provided, which extends at a distance from the inner plate (3) along a side of the crossbar (15) facing away from the inner plate (3).
- a cavity (17) extends between the inner casing (16) and the inner plate (3), which can either be filled with additional insulation material or can serve as an assembly space for cables, lines or pipes.
- the inner casing (16) clad the crossbar (15) relative to the building interior (2), so that a closed and smooth surface is created on the inside.
- FIG. 4 A possible roof construction is illustrated in FIG. 4.
- Rafters (18) are carried by the wall stands (1) and are clad in the area of their expansion of the roof panels (19) facing the building interior (2).
- a transverse cross member (20) is arranged in the area of an angle delimited by the inner plates (3) on the one hand and the roof plates (19) on the other hand.
- the roof cross member (20) has approximately the same extent as the cross members (15) transversely to the inner plate (3).
- the roof crossmember (20) in the area of its extension facing the roof panel (19) is provided with a bevel which corresponds to the angle enclosed by the inner panels (3) and the roof panels (19).
- plywood panels can be used as ceiling panels (13).
- the outer panels (5) can be formed from bituminized and all-round grooved soft wood fiber panels. Such panels are wind and water repellent and open to diffusion processes.
- An additional thermal decoupling can take place in that construction timber for holding the inner casing (16) is mounted outside the construction grid of the wall stand (1).
- a detailed structure of an outer wall realized with the timber construction system can be given, for example, in such a way that an insulation material is arranged between the wall stands (1), which consists, for example, of cellulose fiber insulation material.
- the insulation material can be blown into the cavities provided.
- the thickness of the insulation layer is approximately 14 cm.
- the thickness of the outer plate (5) can be approximately 18 mm.
- battens with corresponding counter battens can be provided, on which a rear-ventilated facade is mounted.
- the curtain wall can be designed, for example, as a floor-cover formwork.
- a material thickness of approximately 16 mm can be provided as the thickness for the inner plate (13).
- an additional plasterboard with a standard thickness of 10 mm can be arranged in the area of the inner boundary. Butt joints of adjoining panels, in particular adjoining inner panels (13), can be glued airtight with a reinforced convection protection cardboard.
- a similar construction can also be provided in the roof area.
- An insulation material made of cellulose fiber insulation material can also be provided between the rafters (18).
- the additional inner casing (16) can be dispensed with.
- the insulation layer is thicker for this. A thickness dimension of 240 mm has proven to be useful.
- Corner areas of the wall constructions are realized in such a way that no wall stand (1) is arranged directly in the corner area, but that the wall stands (1) are only arranged closely adjacent to the corner areas and the corners are delimited by protruding inner plates (3) and outer plates (5) . In this way, very high thermal insulation can also be guaranteed in the corner area.
- a connection of the protruding outer plates (5) can be realized by an additional small dimensioned construction slat in the outside corner area.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Gebäude mit Holzkonstruktion, die aus Wandständern, Außenplatten, Innenplatten, Deckenbalken und Deckenplatten ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to a building with a wooden structure, which is formed from wall stands, outer panels, inner panels, ceiling beams and ceiling panels.
Gebäude, deren tragende Elemente als Holzkonstruktion ausgebildet sind, finden aus Gründen der Verwendung ökologischer Baustoffe, der einfachen Realisierung hoher Wärmedämmungen sowie aufgrund einer schnellen und flexiblen Montage eine ständig zunehmende Verbreiterung. Ein solches Gebäude ist etwa aus CA-A-1 063 310 vorbekannt. Die dort gezeigte Konstruktion unterscheidet sich aber von vorliegender Erfindung grundlegend, vor allem in der Anordnung der Metallhalter für die Deckenbalken und in der Anordnung der Quertraversen in bezug auf die Deckenbalken. Die bislang bekannten Konstruktionen können jedoch noch nicht alle Anforderungen erfüllen, die insbesondere an eine gute Wärmedämmung und Luftdichtung imBuildings, the load-bearing elements of which are wooden structures, are becoming increasingly widespread due to the use of ecological building materials, the simple implementation of high thermal insulation and due to quick and flexible installation. Such a building is previously known from CA-A-1 063 310. However, the construction shown there differs fundamentally from the present invention, especially in the arrangement of the metal holders for the ceiling beams and in the arrangement of the cross members with respect to the ceiling beams. However, the constructions known to date cannot yet meet all the requirements, in particular for good thermal insulation and air sealing in
Bereich eines Überganges von Deckenkonstruktionen zu Außenwandkonstruktionen gestellt werden. Darüber hinaus bestehen Probleme bei einer Aufnahme von Querkräften, die beispielsweise aus starken Seitenwindbelastungen resultieren.Area of a transition from ceiling structures to exterior wall structures. In addition, there are problems with the absorption of transverse forces, which result, for example, from strong cross wind loads.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung es daher, ein Gebäude der einleitend genannten Art derart zu konstruieren, daß eine weitere Verbesserung der wärmedämmenden Eigenschaften unter Berücksichtigung der Stabilität ermöglicht wird.The object of the present invention is therefore to construct a building of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that a further improvement of the thermal insulation properties is made possible, taking stability into account.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale in Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features in
Durch die durchgehende Anordnung der Innenplatten wird eine günstige Konstruktion sowohl bezüglich der Wärmedämmung als auch bezüglich der Luftdichte erreicht. Unter zweigeschossig im obigen Sinne werden alle Gebäudekonstruktionen bezeichnet, die mindestens zwei durch eine Deckenkonstruktion voneinander getrennte Ebenen aufweisen. Es fallen somit beispielsweise auch 1 1/2-geschossige Konstruktionen unter diese Bezeichnung. Die Quertraverse sorgt für eine ausreichend sichere Aufnahme von Horizontalkräften und verhindert Relativbewegungen der Deckenbalken und der Wandkonstruktionen in horizontaler Richtung. Durch den geschlossenen Rahmen aus den Quertraversen wird darüber hinaus eine zusätzliche Versteifung durch die Verschalung hervorgerufen.Due to the continuous arrangement of the inner panels, a favorable construction is achieved both in terms of thermal insulation and in terms of air density. In the above sense, two-storey buildings are all that have at least two levels separated by a ceiling construction. For example, 1 also falls 1/2 storey constructions with this designation. The cross-beam ensures that horizontal forces are absorbed sufficiently securely and prevents the ceiling beams and wall structures from moving in the horizontal direction. Due to the closed frame made of the cross beams, additional stiffening is caused by the formwork.
Eine zweckmäßige Materialauswahl erfolgt dadurch, daß die Quertraverse aus Holz ausgebildet ist.A suitable choice of material is made in that the crossbar is made of wood.
Ein guter Kompromiß zwischen einer ausreichenden Stabilität sowie einer sparsamen Verwendung von tragenden Holzteilen wird dadurch bereitgestellt, daß die Wandständer in einem horizontalen Abstand von etwa 81,5 cm - 83,5 cm angeordnet sind.A good compromise between sufficient stability and economical use of load-bearing wooden parts is provided in that the wall stands are arranged at a horizontal distance of approximately 81.5 cm - 83.5 cm.
Zur zusätzlichen Versteifung und Abdeckung wird vorgeschlagen, daß in lotrechter Richtung oberhalb der Deckenbalken sich in horizontaler Richtung erstreckende Deckenplatten angeordnet sind.For additional stiffening and covering, it is proposed that ceiling panels extending in the horizontal direction are arranged in the vertical direction above the ceiling beams.
Eine weitere Verbesserung der Stabilität sowie eine Verbesserung der Montageabläufe kann dadurch hervorgerufen werden, daß die Quertraversen oberhalb der Deckenplatten angeordnet sind.A further improvement in stability and an improvement in the assembly processes can be brought about by the fact that the crossbeams are arranged above the ceiling panels.
Zur Bereitstellung eines günstigen bau physikalischen Wandaufbaus wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Innenplatten aus einem harten Holzmaterial ausgebildet sind.In order to provide an inexpensive physical wall structure, it is proposed that the inner panels be made of a hard wood material.
Eine weitere Ausführungsform besteht darin, daß die Außenplatten aus einem weichen Holzmaterial ausgebildet sind.Another embodiment is that the outer panels are made of a soft wood material.
Eine hohe Stabilität der Konstruktion kann dadurch unterstützt werden, daß die Metallhalter aus Stahl oder Aluminiumlegierungen ausgebildet sind.A high stability of the construction can be supported in that the metal holders are made of steel or aluminum alloys.
Eine zweckmäßige Dimensionierung besteht darin, daß die Quertraversen einen Querschnitt von etwa 6 cm x 6 cm aufweisen.A useful dimensioning is that the cross members have a cross section of about 6 cm x 6 cm.
Für die im wesentlichen vertikal angeordneten Bauelemente ist vorgesehen, daß die Wandständer einen Querschnitt im Bereich von 6 cm x 14 cm bis 6 cm x 18 cm aufweisen.For the essentially vertically arranged components, it is provided that the wall stands have a cross section in the range from 6 cm x 14 cm to 6 cm x 18 cm.
Für die horizontalen tragenden Teile wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Deckenbalken einen Querschnitt im Bereich von 6 cm x 24 cm bis 10 cm x 26 cm aufweisen.For the horizontal load-bearing parts, it is proposed that the ceiling beams have a cross section in the range from 6 cm x 24 cm to 10 cm x 26 cm.
Eine Aussteifung und Bekleidung im Bereich des Daches erfolgt dadurch, daß ein aus Dachsparren ausgebildetes Dach vorgesehen ist, das im Bereich seiner dem Gebäudeinnenraum zugewandten Ausdehnung mit Platten beplankt.Bracing and cladding in the area of the roof takes place in that a roof formed from rafters is provided, which is covered with plates in the area of its expansion facing the interior of the building.
Die Stabilität des Gebäudes kann weiter dadurch erhöht werden, daß in einem Eckbereich, der von den Innenplatten der Wand einerseits und den Innenplatten des Daches andererseits begrenzt ist, eine Dachquertraverse angeordnet ist, die sowohl mit den Wandplatten als auch mit den Dachplatten verschraubt ist.The stability of the building can be further increased in that in a corner area, which is delimited by the inner panels of the wall on the one hand and the inner panels of the roof on the other hand, a cross-beam is arranged which is screwed to both the wall panels and the roof panels.
Insbesondere ist daran gedacht, daß die Dachquertraversen dreidimensional einen geschlossenen Rahmen ausbilden.In particular, it is contemplated that the roof cross members form a closed frame three-dimensionally.
Eine Bereitstellung eines ausreichenden Montageraumes für Leitungen und Rohre kann dadurch erfolgen, daß im wesentlichen parallel zur Innenplatte eine Innenverschalung angeordnet ist und daß der Abstand der Innenplatte zur Innenverschalung einer Materialstärke der Quertraverse entspricht.A sufficient installation space for lines and pipes can be provided in that a substantially parallel to the inner plate Inner casing is arranged and that the distance of the inner plate to the inner casing corresponds to a material thickness of the crossbar.
Eine zusätzliche Verbesserung der dämmenden Eigenschaften kann dadurch hervorgerufen werden, daß Eckbereiche von gegeneinandergrenzenden Wandungen im wesentlichen frei von Wandständern ausgebildet sind.An additional improvement in the insulating properties can be brought about in that corner regions of mutually bordering walls are essentially free of wall stands.
In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine geschnittene teilweise Darstellung im Bereich des Anschlusses eines Deckenbalkens an eine Seitenwandkonstruktion,
- Fig. 2
- eine vergrößerte teilweise Darstellung im Bereich einer Quertraverse mit zusätzlich angeordneter Innenverschalung,
- Fig. 3
- eine Draufsicht auf eine rahmenartig angeordnete Konstruktion von Quertraversen
und - Fig. 4
- eine vereinfachte Darstellung eines Übergangsbereiches zwischen der Seitenwandkonstruktion und einem Dachbereich.
- Fig. 1
- a partial sectional view in the area of the connection of a ceiling beam to a side wall construction,
- Fig. 2
- an enlarged partial representation in the area of a crossbar with additionally arranged inner casing,
- Fig. 3
- a plan view of a frame-like construction of cross members
and - Fig. 4
- a simplified representation of a transition area between the side wall construction and a roof area.
Die Holzkonstruktion des Gebäudes besteht aus Wandständern (1), die im Bereich eines Gebäudeinnenraumes (2) mit Innenplatten (3) und im Bereich einer Gebäudeumgebung (4) mit Außenplatten (5) versehen sind. Die Wandständer (1) sind im wesentlichen in vertikaler Richtung angeordnet und weisen Abstände zueinander auf. Im Bereich der Abstände kann Isolationsmaterial angeordnet sein. Insbesondere hat sich für einen Abstand der Wandständer (1) zueinander ein Abstand von 81,5 cm bewährt. Hierdurch erfolgt eine Anpassung an übliche Fertigungsmaße der Innenplatten (3), so daß ein verlustarmer Zuschnitt gewährleistet werden kann.The wooden structure of the building consists of wall stands (1), which are provided with inner panels (3) in the area of a building interior (2) and with outer panels (5) in the area of a building environment (4). The wall stands (1) are arranged essentially in the vertical direction and are spaced apart. Insulation material can be used in the area of the gaps be arranged. In particular, a distance of 81.5 cm has proven useful for a distance between the wall stands (1). This results in an adaptation to the usual manufacturing dimensions of the inner panels (3), so that a low-loss cut can be guaranteed.
Aus der Darstellung in Fig. 1 ist ersichtlich, daß im Bereich des Gebäudeinnenraumes (2) zur vertikalen Aufteilung Deckenbalken (6) vorgesehen sind, die sich im wesentlichen in horizontaler Richtung erstrecken. Die Deckenbalken (6) sind mit Enden (7) gegen die Innenplatten (3) geführt und durchdringen weder die Innenplatten (3) noch die Wandständer (1). Zur Gewährleistung einer ausreichenden Fixierung der Deckenbalken (6) sind Metallhalter (8) vorgesehen, die sich mit einer Anlageplatte (9) parallel und entlang der Innenplatte (3) erstrecken. Senkrecht zur Anlageplatte (9) ist eine Tragplatte (10) angeordnet, die sich in das Ende (7) des Deckenbalkens (6) hinein erstreckt. Eine Verbindung mit dem Deckenbalken (6) erfolgt durch stabartige Verbindungselemente (11). Zur vertikalen Fixierung im Bereich der Wandständer (1) sind Verbindungsmittel (12) vorgesehen, die die Innenplatte (3) durchdringen. Die Verbindungsmittel (12) können beispielsweise als Vernagelung ausgebildet sein.From the illustration in Fig. 1 it can be seen that ceiling beams (6) are provided in the area of the building interior (2) for vertical division, which extend essentially in the horizontal direction. The ceiling beams (6) are guided with ends (7) against the inner plates (3) and do not penetrate either the inner plates (3) or the wall stands (1). To ensure that the ceiling beams (6) are adequately fixed, metal holders (8) are provided, which extend parallel and along the inner plate (3) with a contact plate (9). A support plate (10) is arranged perpendicular to the contact plate (9) and extends into the end (7) of the ceiling beam (6). A connection to the ceiling beam (6) is made by rod-like connecting elements (11). For vertical fixation in the area of the wall stand (1), connecting means (12) are provided which penetrate the inner plate (3). The connecting means (12) can be designed, for example, as nailing.
In lotrechter Richtung oberhalb der Deckenbalken (6) ist eine Deckenplatte (13) angeordnet, die auch als Deckenscheibe bezeichnet wird. Im Bereich einer von der Deckenplatte (13) und von der Innenplatte (3) aufgespannten Ecke (14) ist eine Quertraverse (15) angeordnet. Die Quertraverse (15) ist vorzugsweise als ein rechteckförmiges Holzprofil ausgebildet. Zur Gewährleistung einer ausreichenden Fixierung ist die Quertraverse (15) sowohl mit der Deckenplatte (13) als auch mit der Innenplatte (3) verschraubt.A ceiling plate (13), which is also referred to as a ceiling disc, is arranged in the vertical direction above the ceiling beams (6). A crossbar (15) is arranged in the area of a corner (14) spanned by the ceiling plate (13) and the inner plate (3). The crossbar (15) is preferably designed as a rectangular wooden profile. To ensure sufficient fixation, the cross-member (15) is screwed to both the ceiling plate (13) and the inner plate (3).
Außerdem ist die Quertraverse (15) durch die Innenplatte (3) hindurch mit den Wandständern (1) verschraubt.In addition, the crossbar (15) is screwed through the inner plate (3) to the wall stands (1).
Gemäß der Ausführungsform in Fig. 2 ist eine zusätzliche Innenverschalung (16) vorgesehen, die sich mit einem Abstand zur Innenplatte (3) entlang einer der Innenplatte (3) abgewandten Seite der Quertraverse (15) erstreckt. Zwischen der Innenverschalung (16) und der Innenplatte (3) erstreckt sich hierdurch ein Hohlraum (17), der entweder mit zusätzlichem Isolationsmaterial gefüllt werden kann, oder als Montageraum für Kabel, Leitungen oder Rohre dienen kann. Die Innenverschalung (16) bekleidet die Quertraverse (15) relativ zum Gebäudeinnenraum (2), so daß innenseitig eine geschlossene und glatte Fläche entsteht.According to the embodiment in FIG. 2, an additional inner casing (16) is provided, which extends at a distance from the inner plate (3) along a side of the crossbar (15) facing away from the inner plate (3). As a result, a cavity (17) extends between the inner casing (16) and the inner plate (3), which can either be filled with additional insulation material or can serve as an assembly space for cables, lines or pipes. The inner casing (16) clad the crossbar (15) relative to the building interior (2), so that a closed and smooth surface is created on the inside.
Aus Fig. 3 ist ersichtlich, daß von den Quertraversen (15) ein geschlossener Rahmen aufgespannt ist. Hierdurch wird die Stabilität der Holzkonstruktion wesentlich erhöht. Durch die entsprechende Verschraubung aller Quertraversen (15) kann trotz einer im wesentlichen zur Aufnahme von vertikalen Kräften ausgelegten Fixierung der Deckenbalken (6) mit Hilfe der Metallhalter (8) eine ausreichende Stabilität bei einem Auftreten von Horizontalkräften gewährleistet werden.From Fig. 3 it can be seen that a closed frame is spanned by the cross members (15). This significantly increases the stability of the wooden structure. The corresponding screwing of all cross-members (15) ensures sufficient stability in the event of horizontal forces, despite the fixing of the ceiling beams (6), which is essentially designed to absorb vertical forces, with the aid of the metal holder (8).
In Fig. 4 ist eine mögliche Dachkonstruktion veranschaulicht. Von den Wandständern (1) werden Dachsparren (18) getragen, die im Bereich ihrer dem Gebäudeinnenraum (2) zugewandten Ausdehnung von Dachplatten (19) verkleidet sind. Im Bereich eines von den Innenplatten (3) einerseits und den Dachplatten (19) andererseits begrenzten Winkels ist eine Dachquertraverse (20) angeordnet. Die Dachquertraverse (20) weist quer zur Innenplatte (3) etwa die gleiche Ausdehnung wie die Quertraversen (15) auf. In vertikaler Richtung ist die Dachquertraverse (20) im Bereich ihrer der Dachplatte (19) zugewandten Ausdehnung mit einer Anschrägung versehen, die dem von den Innenplatten (3) und den Dachplatten (19) eingeschlossenen Winkel entspricht.A possible roof construction is illustrated in FIG. 4. Rafters (18) are carried by the wall stands (1) and are clad in the area of their expansion of the roof panels (19) facing the building interior (2). In the area of an angle delimited by the inner plates (3) on the one hand and the roof plates (19) on the other hand, a transverse cross member (20) is arranged. The roof cross member (20) has approximately the same extent as the cross members (15) transversely to the inner plate (3). In the vertical direction it is The roof crossmember (20) in the area of its extension facing the roof panel (19) is provided with a bevel which corresponds to the angle enclosed by the inner panels (3) and the roof panels (19).
Als Deckenplatten (13) können beispielsweise Nadelsperrholzplatten verwendet werden. Die Außenplatten (5) können aus bitumierten und rundumgenuteten Holzweichfaserplatten ausgebildet sein. Derartige Platten sind wind- und wasserabweisend sowie offen für Diffusionsvorgänge.For example, plywood panels can be used as ceiling panels (13). The outer panels (5) can be formed from bituminized and all-round grooved soft wood fiber panels. Such panels are wind and water repellent and open to diffusion processes.
Eine zusätzliche thermische Entkopplung kann dadurch erfolgen, daß Konstruktionshölzer zur Halterung der Innenverschalung (16) außerhalb des Konstruktionsrasters der Wandständer (1) montiert werden.An additional thermal decoupling can take place in that construction timber for holding the inner casing (16) is mounted outside the construction grid of the wall stand (1).
Ein detaillierter Aufbau einer mit dem Holzbausystem realisierten Außenwand kann beispielsweise derart gegeben sein, daß zwischen den Wandständern (1) ein Dämmungsmaterial angeordnet ist, das beispielsweise aus Zellulosefaserdämmstoff besteht. Der Dämmstoff kann in die vorgesehenen Hohlräume eingeblasen werden. Als Dicke der Dämmstoffschicht sind etwa 14 cm zweckmäßig. Die Stärke der Außenplatte (5) kann etwa 18 mm betragen. Insbesondere ist an eine Verwendung von Kantenprofilierungen mit Nuten und Federn gedacht. Außenseitig kann im Bereich der Außenplatte (5) eine Lattung mit entsprechender Konterlattung vorgesehen sein, auf denen eine hinterlüftete Fassade montiert ist. Die Vorhangfassade kann beispielsweise als Boden-Deckel-Schalung ausgebildet sein.A detailed structure of an outer wall realized with the timber construction system can be given, for example, in such a way that an insulation material is arranged between the wall stands (1), which consists, for example, of cellulose fiber insulation material. The insulation material can be blown into the cavities provided. The thickness of the insulation layer is approximately 14 cm. The thickness of the outer plate (5) can be approximately 18 mm. In particular, the use of edge profiles with grooves and tongues is intended. On the outside, in the area of the outer panel (5), battens with corresponding counter battens can be provided, on which a rear-ventilated facade is mounted. The curtain wall can be designed, for example, as a floor-cover formwork.
Als Dicke für die Innenplatte (13) kann eine Materialstärke von etwa 16 mm vorgesehen sein. Zusätzlich zur Innenverschalung (16), die beispielsweise als Holzwerkstoffplatte mit einer Dicke von 11 mm ausgebildet sein kann, kann im Bereich der innenseitigen Begrenzung eine zusätzliche Gipskartonplatte mit einer Standarddicke von 10 mm angeordnet werden. Stoßstellen aneinandergrenzender Platten, insbesondere aneinandergrenzender Innenplatten (13), können mit einer armierten Konvektionsschutzpappe luftdicht verklebt sein.A material thickness of approximately 16 mm can be provided as the thickness for the inner plate (13). In addition to the inner casing (16), which is used, for example, as a wood-based panel can be formed with a thickness of 11 mm, an additional plasterboard with a standard thickness of 10 mm can be arranged in the area of the inner boundary. Butt joints of adjoining panels, in particular adjoining inner panels (13), can be glued airtight with a reinforced convection protection cardboard.
Eine ähnliche Konstruktion kann auch im Dachbereich vorgesehen sein. Zwischen den Dachsparren (18) kann ebenfalls ein Isolationsmaterial vorgesehen werden, das aus Zellulosefaserdämmstoff ausgebildet ist. Es kann jedoch auf die zusätzliche Innenverschalung (16) verzichtet werden. Dafür ist allerdings die Dämmstoffschicht dicker. Eine Dickenbemaßung von 240 mm hat sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen.A similar construction can also be provided in the roof area. An insulation material made of cellulose fiber insulation material can also be provided between the rafters (18). However, the additional inner casing (16) can be dispensed with. However, the insulation layer is thicker for this. A thickness dimension of 240 mm has proven to be useful.
Eckenbereiche der Wandkonstruktionen sind derart realisiert, daß unmittelbar im Eckenbereich kein Wandständer (1) angeordnet ist, sondern daß die Wandständer (1) lediglich dicht benachbart zu den Eckenbereichen angeordnet werden und die Ecken durch überstehende Innenplatten (3) und Außenplatten (5) begrenzt werden. Hierdurch kann auch im Eckenbereich eine sehr hohe Wärmedämmung gewährleistet werden. Eine Verbindung der überstehenden Außenplatten (5) kann durch eine zusätzliche gering dimensionierte Konstruktionslatte im außenseitigen Eckbereich realisiert werden.Corner areas of the wall constructions are realized in such a way that no wall stand (1) is arranged directly in the corner area, but that the wall stands (1) are only arranged closely adjacent to the corner areas and the corners are delimited by protruding inner plates (3) and outer plates (5) . In this way, very high thermal insulation can also be guaranteed in the corner area. A connection of the protruding outer plates (5) can be realized by an additional small dimensioned construction slat in the outside corner area.
Generell ist bei allen Überleitungsbereichen der Holzkonstruktion daran gedacht, speziell diese Überleitungsbereiche mit Isolationsmaterial aufzufüllen und weniger gut isolierende Bauelemente versetzt zu diesen Bereichen anzuordnen. Trotz gleicher Stabilität können hierdurch negative Einflüsse auf die Wärmedämmung vermieden werden.In general, in all transition areas of the wooden construction, it is intended to fill up these transition areas with insulation material and to arrange less well-insulated components offset from these areas. Despite the same stability, this can avoid negative influences on the thermal insulation.
Insgesamt wird somit der Anteil von tragenden und relativ gut leitenden Holzelementen auf das statisch erforderliche Maß reduziert. Statisch wirksam wird die zusätzliche Versteifung durch die Quertraversen (15). Durch die Verringerung des Anteiles tragender Holzelemente wird jedoch nicht nur die Wärmedämmung verbessert, es kann auch eine erhebliche Kostenreduzierung erzielt werden.Overall, the proportion of load-bearing and relatively well-conductive wooden elements is reduced to the statically required level. The additional stiffening by the crossbeams (15) becomes statically effective. By reducing the proportion of load-bearing wooden elements, not only is the thermal insulation improved, it is also possible to achieve a considerable reduction in costs.
Claims (16)
- Building having a wooden construction formed by wall posts, external panels, internal panels, ceiling joists and ceiling panels, wherein the internal panels (3) form a continuous casing over at least two storeys, wherein the ceiling joists (6) laterally adjoin the internal panels (3) in a penetration-free manner and are fixed vertically by metal supports (8), which penetrate the internal panels (3) with connecting means and are carried by at least one wall post (1), wherein a substantially horizontally disposed cross arm (15) is disposed in the region of a corner formed on the one hand by the internal panels (3) and on the other hand by the ceiling joist (6), and wherein a plurality of successively disposed cross arms (15), which are screwed both through the ceiling panels (13) to the ceiling joists (6) and through the internal panels (3) to the wall posts (1), form a closed frame.
- Building according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross arm (15) is made of wood.
- Building according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wall posts (1) are disposed at a horizontal distance of around 81.5 cm - 83.5 cm.
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that ceiling panels (13) extending in a horizontal direction are disposed in a vertical direction above the ceiling joists (6).
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cross arms (15) are disposed above the ceiling panels (13).
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the internal panels (3) are made of a hard wooden material.
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the external panels (5) are made of a soft wooden material.
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the metal supports (8) are made of steel.
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cross arms (16) have a cross section of around 6 cm x 6 cm.
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the wall posts (1) have a cross section in the region of 6 cm x 14 cm to 6 cm x 18 cm.
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the ceiling joists (6) have a cross section in the region of 6 cm x 24 cm to 10 cm x 26 cm.
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a roof formed by rafters (18) is provided, which in the region of its extension directed towards the building interior (2) is lined with ceiling panels (13).
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that disposed in a corner region, which is delimited on the one hand by the internal panels (3) and on the other hand by the ceiling panels (19), is a roof cross arm (20) which is screwed both to the wall posts (1) and to the rafters (18).
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the roof cross arms (20) in a horizontal direction form a closed frame.
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that an internal casing (16) is disposed substantially parallel to the internal panel (13) and that a distance of the internal panel (3) from the internal casing (16) corresponds to a material thickness of the cross arm (15).
- Building according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that corner regions of adjoining walls are constructed substantially free of wall posts (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4344667A DE4344667A1 (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Building with wooden structure |
| DE4344667 | 1993-12-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0659950A1 EP0659950A1 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
| EP0659950B1 true EP0659950B1 (en) | 1996-12-27 |
Family
ID=6506360
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94120472A Expired - Lifetime EP0659950B1 (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1994-12-22 | Building with wooden construction |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0659950B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE146840T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4344667A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19613521A1 (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 1997-10-16 | Peter Bruchmann | Support for ceiling beams in wooden building |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR445466A (en) * | 1911-04-19 | 1912-11-12 | James D Horton | Detachable and transportable house |
| FR2230823A1 (en) * | 1973-05-25 | 1974-12-20 | Gobert Gilbert | Prefabricated building, partic. detached house - rim of base panel fits between sheets of double skin wall panels |
| DE2652783C3 (en) * | 1976-11-19 | 1979-05-03 | Julius Dipl.-Ing. Natterer | Wooden skeleton for a multi-storey building |
| CA1063310A (en) * | 1978-01-05 | 1979-10-02 | John R. Peirson | Building construction |
-
1993
- 1993-12-27 DE DE4344667A patent/DE4344667A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-12-22 EP EP94120472A patent/EP0659950B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-22 DE DE59401397T patent/DE59401397D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-22 AT AT94120472T patent/ATE146840T1/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0659950A1 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
| ATE146840T1 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
| DE4344667A1 (en) | 1995-06-29 |
| DE59401397D1 (en) | 1997-02-06 |
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