EP0656082A1 - Procede de microstructuration des surfaces de substrats polymeres orientes au moyen d'un rayonnement laser. - Google Patents

Procede de microstructuration des surfaces de substrats polymeres orientes au moyen d'un rayonnement laser.

Info

Publication number
EP0656082A1
EP0656082A1 EP93920077A EP93920077A EP0656082A1 EP 0656082 A1 EP0656082 A1 EP 0656082A1 EP 93920077 A EP93920077 A EP 93920077A EP 93920077 A EP93920077 A EP 93920077A EP 0656082 A1 EP0656082 A1 EP 0656082A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laser radiation
polymeric substrates
oriented polymeric
microstructuring
microstructuring surfaces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93920077A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0656082B1 (fr
Inventor
Henry Kobsa
Hermann Buecher
Eckehard Onkels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV, EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP0656082A1 publication Critical patent/EP0656082A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0656082B1 publication Critical patent/EP0656082B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/0604—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams
    • B23K26/0608—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams in the same heat affected zone [HAZ]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/0604—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/067—Dividing the beam into multiple beams, e.g. multifocusing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/3568—Modifying rugosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/16—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. infrared heating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/005—Laser beam treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
    • B23K2103/38—Fabrics, fibrous materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
    • B23K2103/42—Plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0838—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2313/00—Use of textile products or fabrics as reinforcement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/005—Oriented
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29L2007/008—Wide strips, e.g. films, webs

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
EP93920077A 1992-08-20 1993-08-19 Procede de microstructuration des surfaces de substrats polymeres orientes au moyen d'un rayonnement laser Expired - Lifetime EP0656082B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4227481 1992-08-20
DE4227481 1992-08-20
US10886893A 1993-08-18 1993-08-18
US108868 1993-08-18
PCT/US1993/007674 WO1994004744A1 (fr) 1992-08-20 1993-08-19 Procede de microstructuration des surfaces de substrats polymeres orientes au moyen d'un rayonnement laser

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0656082A1 true EP0656082A1 (fr) 1995-06-07
EP0656082B1 EP0656082B1 (fr) 1996-10-23

Family

ID=25917671

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93920077A Expired - Lifetime EP0656082B1 (fr) 1992-08-20 1993-08-19 Procede de microstructuration des surfaces de substrats polymeres orientes au moyen d'un rayonnement laser

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5529813A (fr)
EP (1) EP0656082B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3253083B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE69305646T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994004744A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0959051A4 (en) * 1996-08-13 1999-12-15 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Laser machining method for glass substrate, diffraction type optical device fabricated by the machining method, and method of manufacturing optical device
AU2685997A (en) * 1997-05-13 1998-12-08 Gerhart Alth Flexible, two-dimensional screening material, especially for protecting human skin or areas of skin against undesirable radiation
DE19915715A1 (de) * 1999-04-08 2000-10-19 Ticona Gmbh Mikrostrukturierte Bauteile
AU2001266905A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Microfabrication of organic optical elements
ATE440308T1 (de) * 2000-06-15 2009-09-15 3M Innovative Properties Co Methode und gerät zur erzielung wiederholter multiphotonabsorption
JP4786858B2 (ja) * 2000-06-15 2011-10-05 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 封入光学素子を提供するための多光子硬化
JP4472922B2 (ja) * 2000-06-15 2010-06-02 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 多光子光化学プロセスを使用したマルチカラー画像化
US7790353B2 (en) * 2000-06-15 2010-09-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Multidirectional photoreactive absorption method
US6852766B1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2005-02-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Multiphoton photosensitization system
JP2004503392A (ja) * 2000-06-15 2004-02-05 スリーエム　イノベイティブ　プロパティズ　カンパニー マイクロ流体製品を製造するためのプロセス
JP4610120B2 (ja) * 2000-08-23 2011-01-12 日東電工株式会社 プラスチック構造体及び該プラスチック構造体の形成方法
US20040012872A1 (en) * 2001-06-14 2004-01-22 Fleming Patrick R Multiphoton absorption method using patterned light
JP4739616B2 (ja) * 2001-09-25 2011-08-03 新日本製鐵株式会社 亜鉛メッキ鋼板の重ねレーザ溶接方法および装置
DK1551372T3 (en) 2002-09-20 2018-07-23 Alpharma Pharmaceuticals Llc SEQUERATION SUBSTANCES AND RELATED COMPOSITIONS AND PROCEDURES
WO2007035560A2 (fr) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-29 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Procedes de relaxation des contraintes dans des materiaux polymeres
WO2007149438A2 (fr) 2006-06-19 2007-12-27 Alpharma, Inc. Compositions pharmaceutiques
EP1975276A1 (fr) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-01 Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Préparation d'un article polymère pour une métallisation sélective
JP5202876B2 (ja) * 2007-06-06 2013-06-05 日東電工株式会社 レーザー加工方法及びレーザー加工品
US8623418B2 (en) 2007-12-17 2014-01-07 Alpharma Pharmaceuticals Llc Pharmaceutical composition
CN102319959A (zh) * 2011-08-22 2012-01-18 华南理工大学 一种基于相干激光的表面微结构成形系统
WO2013137836A1 (fr) * 2012-03-13 2013-09-19 Merih Ozcelik Procédé de fabrication de motif avec laser ayant une efficacité élevée pour produits textiles
EP3130629B1 (fr) * 2014-06-12 2019-01-23 Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. Procédé pour conférer une capacité de thermoscellage à un film de polyester à orientation biaxiale, et procédé de production de récipient d'emballage
US11065719B2 (en) * 2015-03-12 2021-07-20 Ut-Battelle, Llc Laser-interference surface preparation for enhanced coating adhesion
US10082166B2 (en) 2015-03-12 2018-09-25 Ut-Battelle, Llc Laser nanostructured surface preparation for joining materials
CN106808087B (zh) * 2017-02-13 2018-12-21 江苏华博数控设备有限公司 一种减小激光熔覆后工件形变量的方法
DE102017206968B4 (de) * 2017-04-26 2019-10-10 4Jet Microtech Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Riblets
JP7105485B2 (ja) * 2018-10-26 2022-07-25 国立大学法人信州大学 超短パルスレーザーで繊維表面に周期構造を形成する方法
CN115466918B (zh) * 2022-09-06 2024-04-16 哈尔滨工程大学 晶须/纤维表面织构化纳米凸点结构改性方法及其强韧化应用

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH471915A (de) * 1967-03-28 1969-06-13 Eldima Ag Verfahren zum Kräuseln von verstreckten, mindestens teilweise aus thermoplastischem Material bestehenden Textilfäden und Fadenbündeln
US3588439A (en) * 1967-05-12 1971-06-28 Rca Corp High resolution laser engraving apparatus
US3850698A (en) * 1972-06-23 1974-11-26 Ind Materials Ltd Altering material properties
US4041192A (en) * 1975-04-15 1977-08-09 Veb Textilkombinat Method of enhancing high polymers, particularly textiles
WO1987003021A1 (fr) * 1985-11-14 1987-05-21 Deutsches Textilforschungszentrum Nord-West E.V. Fibres, filaments, fils et/ou formations de surface les contenant et/ou structure formee de debris et procede pour leur production
US4868006A (en) * 1987-03-16 1989-09-19 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Polymeric film with reduced surface friction
GB2233334A (en) * 1989-06-29 1991-01-09 Exitech Ltd Surface treatment of polymer materials by the action of pulses of UV radiation

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Fasern durch UV-Laserbestrahlung' *
See also references of WO9404744A1 *
TEXTIL PRAXIS INTERNATIONAL vol. 45, no. 3 , March 1990 , LEINFELDEN DE pages 236 - 238 XP138508 DIERK KNITTEL ET AL. 'Oberfl{chenstrukturierung polymerer *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5529813A (en) 1996-06-25
DE69305646D1 (de) 1996-11-28
DE69305646T2 (de) 1997-03-20
JPH08508207A (ja) 1996-09-03
JP3253083B2 (ja) 2002-02-04
EP0656082B1 (fr) 1996-10-23
WO1994004744A1 (fr) 1994-03-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0656082A1 (fr) Procede de microstructuration des surfaces de substrats polymeres orientes au moyen d'un rayonnement laser.
AU638916B2 (en) Method for engraving solid articles with laser beams and the articles produced
AU663201B2 (en) Catalyst-downcomer-tray for chemical process tower
AU4019793A (en) Laser coating process
GB9022367D0 (en) Device for laser plasma coating
AU5410394A (en) Improved laser pattern generation apparatus
AU3391593A (en) Laser light beam generating apparatus
AU3287593A (en) Laser light beam generating apparatus
EP0553687A3 (en) Laser apparatus
AU4588889A (en) Laser welding apparatus and process
AU1537392A (en) Process for remelting metal surfaces by laser
DK0633070T3 (da) Fremgangsmåde til pulvercoating til emner
AU656457B2 (en) Chemical process
EP0661785A3 (fr) Appareil laser.
EP0650994A3 (fr) Procédé pour la préparation de films de copolyesters aliphatiques.
AU4470293A (en) Laser generating apparatus
IL106940A0 (en) Method for labeling an object using laser radiation
AU8172394A (en) Thermal treated coal, and process and apparatus for preparing the same
EP0617129A3 (fr) Procédé et appareil pour la production de bioprotéines.
AU3100793A (en) Chemical process
EP0568224A3 (fr) Procédé de métallisation de substrats en polyimide modifié.
GB9424638D0 (en) Process for making integrated laser/modulators
DK0583687T3 (da) Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af substituerede methoxyphenoler samt dertil egnede mikroorganismer
EP0472936A3 (en) Process for modifying surfaces
AU6851894A (en) Laser engraving apparatus

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19950202

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19950725

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

ET Fr: translation filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69305646

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19961128

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: ING. C. GREGORJ S.P.A.

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20050809

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20050811

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20050817

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050819

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070301

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20060819

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20070430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060819

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060831