EP0654803B1 - Electrical transformer - Google Patents
Electrical transformer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0654803B1 EP0654803B1 EP94116686A EP94116686A EP0654803B1 EP 0654803 B1 EP0654803 B1 EP 0654803B1 EP 94116686 A EP94116686 A EP 94116686A EP 94116686 A EP94116686 A EP 94116686A EP 0654803 B1 EP0654803 B1 EP 0654803B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- core
- voltage
- coil
- primary coil
- coils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
- H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase ac
- H01F38/28—Current transformers
- H01F38/30—Constructions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
- H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase ac
- H01F38/24—Voltage transformers
- H01F38/26—Constructions
Definitions
- the invention relates to an inductive electrical Voltage converter according to the preamble of the first claim.
- a voltage converter of this type is from CH-A-240 528 known.
- This version requires due to the application an electrically conductive magnetic core an insulation layer between the core and the primary and secondary coils whose Thickness must be selected according to the high voltage to be measured got to.
- the magnetic circuit is not closed, so that this transducer has a high magnetic leakage flux, the necessary to electric smog and high excitation currents leads.
- the use of an also determines the overall arrangement covering hood additional air gaps compared to the Windings with the risk of glow discharges in them.
- the hood must also have an open end End plate are provided.
- the invention is based, with one Voltage converter according to the preamble of the first claim To take measures through which a simple structure Reduction of the construction volume and a high mechanical as well electrical stability is achieved.
- the outer legs of the core parts enclose the Coils at least over part of their circumference and can be designed as a potted core.
- the invention is based on the sketches of a Embodiment explained in more detail.
- An inductive electrical converter which is preferred for voltage measurement in medium-voltage networks is suitable, has one for AC operation suitable soft magnetic core 1, the one Primary winding 2 and a secondary winding 3 assigned are.
- the perpendicular or perpendicular to the grounded Mounting surface of the primary winding is at Voltage transformers to the one to be measured High voltage and on the other hand at ground potential turned on while the secondary winding on Low voltage signal for measuring or control purposes.
- the magnetic core 1 from one though magnetically well-conductive magnetic material, but one very low electrical conductivity so high has electrical resistance. It is suitable for this in particular a ferrite based in particular on Nickel-zinc cobalt-iron oxides is built up.
- the magnetic core 1 consists of continuous same magnetic material that has a low electrical Has conductivity.
- the vertical or perpendicular to the grounded mounting surface or Base 7 standing primary coil this Voltage converter like a Chamber coil built, in which the winding wire in a bobbin 4 divided into individual chambers is wrapped up.
- the individual chambers are in axial direction of the primary coil 2 side by side, the Winding wire from a coil end 5 initially in an axially first terminal chamber of the coil former 4 is wrapped.
- With sufficient filling of the first Chamber becomes the winding wire to the next second Chamber led and after their sufficient wrapping continue from chamber to chamber until the primary winding assigned last chamber of the bobbin with the required number of turns is provided.
- the Potential distribution in the primary winding thus increases essentially step-by-step from high voltage upper winding end 5 to the lower to ground potential laying end of winding 6 over the axial length.
- the magnetic core which acts like electrical insulating material
- the lower, uninsulated one will not Base 7 of the magnetic core 1 applied ground potential dragged into the area of the upper winding end. Rather, the magnetic core acts over its entire length as electrical insulator, so that additional Isolation measures can be largely minimized.
- the secondary winding 3 which is from the same magnetic core 1 is included.
- the secondary winding is there adjacent to the winding connection 6 to be connected to ground arranged so that any intermediate electrical Insulating layer 8 only to the voltage potential of the Secondary winding needs to be coordinated.
- the magnetic core according to FIGS. 1 to 2 consists of two with their open sides abutting and in their Shape E-shaped core parts, the middle leg 1.13 Immerse centrally in the primary or secondary winding 2,3 and the outer legs 1.11, 1.12 these windings 2.3 enclose at least part of their circumference. Should in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 a full one Enclosure of the windings 2,3 take place, then for the Core parts used pot cores.
- the voids between the Core 1 and the windings 2,3 and also the outside free surfaces of these parts with flowable, curing insulating material 9 tight and bubble-free or cast around.
- the base 7 can be without Insulation layer remain.
- the outer insulating layer 9 can at the same time with circumferential, radially outwards directed ribs 10 are provided, which the Insulating section between one in the upper end 11 of the Poured insulating layer, with the upper winding end 5 connected connecting element 12 and the base 7th extend.
- the outer insulating layer 9 can in addition Provide a terminal box 13 in the area of their jacket be of the necessary terminals for the Secondary winding 3 and possibly for the earth connection 6 Primary winding 2 takes.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen induktiven elektrischen Spannungswandler gemäß dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs.The invention relates to an inductive electrical Voltage converter according to the preamble of the first claim.
Ein Spannungswandler dieser Art ist aus der CH-A-240 528 bekannt. Diese Ausführung erfordert aufgrund der Anwendung eines elektrisch leitenden Magnetkerns eine Isolationsschicht zwischen dem Kern und den Primär- und Sekundärspulen, deren Dicke entsprechend der zu messenden Hochspannung gewählt sein muß. Zudem ist der magnetische Kreis nicht geschlossen, so daß dieser Wandler einen hohen magnetischen Streufluß aufweist, der zu Elektrosmog und zu hohen notwendigen Erregerströmen führt. Auch bedingt die Anwendung einer die Gesamtanordnung überdeckenden Haube zusätzliche Luftspalte gegenüber den Wicklungen mit der Gefahr der Glimmentladungen darin. Außerdem muß die Haube noch zusätzlich am offenen Ende mit einer Abschlußplatte versehen werden. Insbesondere sind zusätzliche Hilfsmittel nötig, um einen festen Zusammenhalt des Aufbaus zu gewährleisten.A voltage converter of this type is from CH-A-240 528 known. This version requires due to the application an electrically conductive magnetic core an insulation layer between the core and the primary and secondary coils whose Thickness must be selected according to the high voltage to be measured got to. In addition, the magnetic circuit is not closed, so that this transducer has a high magnetic leakage flux, the necessary to electric smog and high excitation currents leads. The use of an also determines the overall arrangement covering hood additional air gaps compared to the Windings with the risk of glow discharges in them. Furthermore the hood must also have an open end End plate are provided. In particular, additional ones Tools needed to ensure a solid cohesion of the structure guarantee.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Spannungswandler gemäß dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs Maßnahmen zu treffen, durch die bei einfachem Aufbau eine Verminderung des Bauvolumens und eine hohe mechanische sowie elektrische Stabilität erzielt wird.The invention is based, with one Voltage converter according to the preamble of the first claim To take measures through which a simple structure Reduction of the construction volume and a high mechanical as well electrical stability is achieved.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt gemäß der Erfindung durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des ersten Anspruchs. This object is achieved according to the invention by the characteristic features of the first claim.
Bei einer Ausgestaltung eines Spannungswandlers gemäß der Erfindung wird durch die Verwendung von E-förmigen Kernteilen aus einem das erforderliche Wechselstrommagnetfeld gut leitenden, elektrisch isolierenden hochohmigen Magnetmaterial das Einbringen von dicken Isolierschichten zwischen Kern und Spulen überflüssig. Dadurch wird ein geschlossener und streufeldarmer magnetischer Kreis erreicht, wodurch sich das Bauvolumen beachtlich vermindert, weil die Windungszahl der Spulen bei geringerem Drahtquerschnitt reduziert werden kann und aufgrund der geringen Potentialunterschiede zwischen der Primärspule und den benachbarten Abschnitten des elektrisch isolierenden Magnetkerns entsprechend geringe Isolationsabstände erforderlich sind. Dabei stoßen die im Querschnitt E-förmigen Kernteile mit ihren offenen Seiten aneinander, wobei die Mittelschenkel zentral in die Primär- und Sekundärspule von gegenüberliegenden Seiten aus eintauchen. Die Außenschenkel der Kernteile umschließen die Spulen dabei zumindest über einen Teil ihres Umfanges und können als aneinandergefügte Topfkerne ausgebildet sein. Für einen mechanisch wie elektrisch stabilen Aufbau des Wandlers sind die Hohlräume im Bereich der Spulen sowie der Außenmantel und zumindest eine Stirnseite des Magnetkerns und, soweit offen, auch der Spulen mit einem fließfähigen, aushärtenden Isoliermaterial ausgegossen bzw. umgossen.In a configuration of a voltage converter according to the Invention is achieved through the use of E-shaped core parts the required AC magnetic field well conductive, electrically insulating high-resistance magnetic material the introduction of thick insulating layers between the core and Coils unnecessary. This will make a closed and Low stray magnetic circuit reached, which the Construction volume considerably reduced because the number of turns of the Coils can be reduced with a smaller wire cross-section and due to the small potential differences between the Primary coil and the adjacent sections of the electrical insulating magnetic core correspondingly low Isolation distances are required. The bump in the Cross section of E-shaped core parts with their open sides to each other, with the middle legs centrally in the primary and secondary coil from opposite sides immerse yourself. The outer legs of the core parts enclose the Coils at least over part of their circumference and can be designed as a potted core. For a mechanically and electrically stable construction of the converter are the voids in the area of the coils and the outer jacket and at least one end face of the magnetic core and, to the extent open, also the coils with a flowable, hardening Poured or encapsulated insulating material.
Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand der Prinzipskizzen eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is based on the sketches of a Embodiment explained in more detail.
Es zeigen:
Ein induktiver elektrischer Wandler, der vorzugsweise für
die Spannungsmessung in Mittelspannungsnetzen
geeignet ist, weist einen für Wechselstrombetrieb
geeigneten weichmagnetischen Kern 1 auf, dem eine
Primärwicklung 2 und eine Sekundärwicklung 3 zugeordnet
sind. Die senkrecht bzw. rechtwinkelig zur geerdeten
Befestigungsfläche stehende Primärwicklung wird bei
Spannungswandlern einerseits an die zu messende
Hochspannung und andererseits an Massepotential
angeschaltet, während die Sekundärwicklung ein
Niederspannungssignal für Meß- oder Steuerzwecke abgibt.
Hierbei besteht der Magnetkern 1
aus einem zwar
magnetisch gut leitenden Magnetmaterial, das jedoch eine
sehr geringe elektrische Leitfähigkeit also einen hohen
elektrischen Widerstand aufweist. Hierfür eignet sich
insbesondere ein Ferrit, der insbesondere auf der Basis von
Nickel-Zink-Kobald-Eisen-Oxiden aufgebaut ist. Im
Magnetkern 1 entsteht dadurch nicht über seine Ausdehnung
hinweg gleiches elektrisches Potential, vielmehr paßt sich
das Spannungspotential des hochohmigen Magnetkerns entweder
über eine direkte erd- bzw. hochspannungsseitige Verbindung
und/oder über die Spannungskopplung infolge von
Wicklungskapazitäten an das benachbarte Potential
insbesondere der Primärwicklung an. Das Spannungspotential
wird somit sowohl in der Primärwicklung wie im benachbarten
Magnetkern in etwa gleichem Maße über die Strecke längs der
Primärwicklung abgebaut. Hieraus ergibt sich ein
entsprechend geringer Potentialunterschied zwischen
benachbarten Wicklungs- und Kernteilen, so daß nur
entsprechend geringe Isolationsabstände erforderlich sind.
Das Bauvolumen des Wandlers verringert sich dadurch
erheblich.An inductive electrical converter, which is preferred for
voltage measurement in medium-voltage networks
is suitable, has one for AC operation
suitable soft
Gemäß Fig.1 besteht der Magnetkern 1 aus durchgehend
gleichem Magnetmaterial, das eine geringe elektrische
Leitfähigkeit aufweist. Dabei ist die senkrecht bzw.
rechtwinklig zur geerdeten Befestigungsfläche oder
Grundfläche 7 stehende Primärspule dieses
Spannungswandlers nach Art einer
Kammerspule aufgebaut, bei welcher der Wicklungsdraht in
einen in einzelne Kammern unterteilten Spulenkörper 4
eingewickelt ist. Die einzelnen Kammern liegen dabei in
axialer Richtung der Primärspule 2 nebeneinander, wobei der
Wicklungsdraht von einem Spulenkörperende 5 aus zunächst in
eine axial erste endständige Kammer des Spulenkörpers 4
eingewickelt wird. Bei ausreichender Füllung der ersten
Kammer wird der Wicklungsdraht zur nachfolgenden zweiten
Kammer geführt und nach deren ausreichender Bewicklung
weiter von Kammer zu Kammer, bis die der Primärwicklung
zugeordnete letzte Kammer des Spulenkörpers mit der
erforderlichen Windungszahl versehen ist. Die
Potentialverteilung in der Primärwicklung nimmt somit im
wesentlichen stufenförmig vom an Hochspannung zu legenden
oberen Wicklungsende 5 bis zum unteren an Massepotential zu
legenden Wicklungsende 6 über die axiale Länge ab. Aufgrund
des wie elektrisches Isoliermaterial wirkenden Magnetkerns
wird beispielsweise nicht das an der unteren, unisolierten
Grundfläche 7 des Magnetkerns 1 anliegende Massepotential
bis in den Bereich des oberen Wicklungsendes verschleppt.
Vielmehr wirkt der Magnetkern über seine gesamte Länge als
elektrischer Isolator, so daß zusätzliche
Isolationsmaßnahmen weitgehend minimiert werden können. According to Figure 1, the
In der axialen Verlängerung der Primärwicklung 2 befindet
sich die Sekundärwicklung 3, die vom gleichen Magnetkern 1
eingeschlossen ist. Die Sekundärwicklung ist dabei
benachbart zum an Masse anzuschaltenden Wicklungsanschluß 6
angeordnet, so daß eine ggf. dazwischenliegende elektrische
Isolierschicht 8 nur auf das Spannungspotential der
Sekundärwicklung abgestimmt zu sein braucht. Located in the axial extension of the primary winding 2
the secondary winding 3, which is from the same
Der Magnetkern gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 2 besteht aus zwei mit
ihren offenen Seiten aneinander anstoßenden und in ihrer
Form E-förmigen Kernteilen, wobei die Mittelschenkel 1.13
zentral in die Primär- bzw. Sekundärwicklung 2,3 eintauchen
und die Außenschenkel 1.11, 1.12 diese Wicklungen 2,3
zumindest über einen Teil ihres Umfangs umschließen. Soll
im Gegensatz zur Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 ein voller
Umschluß der Wicklungen 2,3 erfolgen, dann werden für die
Kernteile Topfkerne verwendet.The magnetic core according to FIGS. 1 to 2 consists of two with
their open sides abutting and in their
Shape E-shaped core parts, the middle leg 1.13
Immerse centrally in the primary or
Zur Erzielung einer ausreichenden elektrischen wie
mechanischen Stablität werden die Hohlräume zwischen dem
Kern 1 und den Wicklungen 2,3 und auch die nach außen
freien Mantelflächen dieser Teile mit fließfähigem,
aushärtendem Isoliermaterial 9 dicht und blasenfrei aus-
bzw. umgossen. Dabei kann die Grundfläche 7 ohne
Isolierschicht bleiben. Die äußere Isolierschicht 9 kann
dabei gleichzeitig mit umlaufenden, radial nach außen
gerichteten Rippen 10 versehen werden, welche die
Isolierstrecke zwischen einem in den oberen Abschluß 11 der
Isolierschicht eingegossenen, mit dem oberen Wicklungsende
5 verbundenen Anschlußelement 12 und der Grundfläche 7
verlängern. Die äußere Isolierschicht 9 kann zusätzlich im
Bereich ihres Mantels mit einem Klemmenkasten 13 versehen
sein, der die notwendigen Anschlussklemmen für die
Sekundärwicklung 3 und ggf. für den Erdanschluß 6 der
Primärwicklung 2 aufnimmt.To achieve sufficient electrical like
mechanical stability, the voids between the
Claims (2)
- Inductive electrical voltage transformer for medium voltage, comprising a primary coil (2) designed in the manner of a sandwich coil with a voltage potential decreasing in stages during operation over the axial length of the coil from the primary coil end connected to high voltage to the primary coil end connected to earth potential, a secondary coil (3) situated in the axial extension of the high-voltage-conducting primary coil (2) and galvanically separated from the primary coil (2) and a soft magnetic core (1) which couples the primary coil (2) magnetically to the secondary coil (3), the primary coil (2) to be connected to earth potential at the end adjacent to the secondary coil (3), characterised in that the core (1) consists of two core parts with an E-shaped cross section abutting one another via their open sides and consists in its entirety of a permeable material with high electrical resistance, that the central legs (1.13) of the core parts are immersed centrally into the primary and secondary coils (2, 3) and the outer legs (1.11; 1.12) enclose these coils (2, 3) over part of their circumference, and that the core (1) and the coils (2, 3) are coated at least in the surface region and on the core part at the high-voltage side with free-flowing, curing insulating material (9).
- Voltage transformer according to claim 1, characterised in that the core (1) is filled in the region of the coils (2, 3) with free-flowing, curing insulating material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4340020 | 1993-11-24 | ||
DE4340020A DE4340020A1 (en) | 1993-11-24 | 1993-11-24 | Inductive electrical converter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0654803A1 EP0654803A1 (en) | 1995-05-24 |
EP0654803B1 true EP0654803B1 (en) | 1998-01-07 |
Family
ID=6503316
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94116686A Expired - Lifetime EP0654803B1 (en) | 1993-11-24 | 1994-10-22 | Electrical transformer |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0654803B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4340020A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103282982A (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2013-09-04 | Abb技术有限公司 | Transformer winding |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103558440B (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏靖江互感器厂有限公司 | A kind of intelligent electronic type voltage transformer |
CN104157437B (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2017-02-15 | 正泰电气股份有限公司 | Electromagnetic voltage transformer with insulation function through capacitive impedance epoxy resin casting |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE280418C (en) * | ||||
GB141232A (en) * | 1919-06-05 | 1920-04-15 | Vickers Ltd | Improvements in or relating to electric transformers |
CH240528A (en) | 1944-01-05 | 1945-12-31 | Isaak Dr Goldstein | Transformer, especially voltage converter, with an open iron core. |
DE1003849B (en) * | 1953-12-12 | 1957-03-07 | Philips Nv | Transformer for high, especially pulse-like secondary voltage |
DE1674433U (en) * | 1954-01-25 | 1954-04-01 | Friedrich Raupach | SINGLE-LINE CURRENT TRANSFORMER, IN PARTICULAR FOR LOW VOLTAGE. |
US3138742A (en) * | 1962-02-13 | 1964-06-23 | Jr Edmund O Schweitzer | Means for measuring current flow in and voltage of a high voltage alternating current conductor |
DE2348397B2 (en) * | 1973-09-24 | 1979-01-11 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Inductive voltage converter |
DE2554143A1 (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1977-06-02 | Siemens Ag | VOLTAGE CONVERTER FOR HIGH VOLTAGES |
DE3218823C2 (en) * | 1982-04-22 | 1984-06-20 | LGZ Landis & Gyr Zug AG, Zug | Measuring transducer arrangement with two magnetic cores |
SU1488887A1 (en) * | 1987-10-30 | 1989-06-23 | Ki Polt I | Electromagnetic voltage transformer |
DE3803846A1 (en) * | 1988-02-09 | 1989-08-17 | Bernd Dipl Ing Sommer | High-voltage test transformer having insulated core segments |
FR2638277A1 (en) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-04-27 | Orega Electro Mecanique | REDUCED HEATING POWER TRANSFORMER |
DE3913558A1 (en) * | 1989-04-25 | 1990-11-08 | Schroff Gmbh | Transformer with ferrite windings - has core with primary and secondary coils arranged on common sections in alternate manner |
-
1993
- 1993-11-24 DE DE4340020A patent/DE4340020A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-10-22 EP EP94116686A patent/EP0654803B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-22 DE DE59404946T patent/DE59404946D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103282982A (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2013-09-04 | Abb技术有限公司 | Transformer winding |
CN103282982B (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2016-03-30 | Abb技术有限公司 | Transformer winding |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0654803A1 (en) | 1995-05-24 |
DE4340020A1 (en) | 1995-06-01 |
DE59404946D1 (en) | 1998-02-12 |
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