EP0650637B1 - Commutateur a gradins - Google Patents

Commutateur a gradins Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0650637B1
EP0650637B1 EP93909909A EP93909909A EP0650637B1 EP 0650637 B1 EP0650637 B1 EP 0650637B1 EP 93909909 A EP93909909 A EP 93909909A EP 93909909 A EP93909909 A EP 93909909A EP 0650637 B1 EP0650637 B1 EP 0650637B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switch
selector
movable
tap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93909909A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0650637A1 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Dohnal
Josef Neumeyer
Wolfgang Albrecht
Günter Kloth
Rolf Lauterwald
Hans-Henning Lessmann-Mieske
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19924223439 external-priority patent/DE4223439C1/de
Priority claimed from DE19924237165 external-priority patent/DE4237165C1/de
Priority claimed from DE19924237231 external-priority patent/DE4237231C1/de
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP0650637A1 publication Critical patent/EP0650637A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0650637B1 publication Critical patent/EP0650637B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0016—Contact arrangements for tap changers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tap changer on tap transformers with two movable selector contacts according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • tap changers are known from DE-OS 23 21 369.
  • two selector arms each carrying a selector contact are provided, the first of the movable selector contacts being equipped with a vacuum switch suitable for continuous current routing and interruption and the second of the movable selector contacts being a series of vacuum switches designed only for guiding and interrupting the compensating current between two adjacent transformer taps is connected with an overrunning resistor.
  • Both the two movable selector contacts are coupled to each other as well as these with the vacuum switches on the drive side so that when the switching direction changes, the direction of rotation of the drive changes and during each tap change the second selector contact, i.e. the one that connects the vacuum switch, which is only designed to guide and interrupt the equalizing current in series with a switching resistor, is briefly applied to the tap with the higher step voltage.
  • the resistance contact is therefore lagging or leading, depending on the switching direction; the switching sequence changes with the switching direction.
  • both of the selector arms carrying the respective selector contacts must be actuated together by the energy store;
  • the complicated kinematics and the mechanically complex energy store are particularly disadvantageous, in particular due to the unequal switching steps for each tap changer.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a tap changer which has the simplest kinematic conditions and thus requires an uncomplicated energy store for actuating the switching means, which operates symmetrically in both triggering directions and only implements one and the same switching step.
  • the auxiliary contact always runs ahead and only has to be actuated slowly, that is to say can be actuated directly advantageously by the drive shaft of the tap changer. From the energy accumulator, only the main contact, which is always lagging behind, has to be actuated, which results in a particularly simple energy accumulator.
  • the main and auxiliary contacts can therefore be moved completely independently of one another: the auxiliary contact is continuously moved by the slowly rotating drive shaft and practically selects the new transformer tap to be switched on, the main contact then follows abruptly through the triggered energy store.
  • the main and auxiliary contacts are arranged such that they can be rotated vertically and independently of one another about a common axis and the fixed contacts are arranged concentrically about this axis, each with a tap on the Step winding are connected, extend vertically so far that they can be covered by both the main and auxiliary contact.
  • the fixed contacts linearly, similar to sliding changeover devices, and to design the movable contacts in such a way that unobstructed sweeping is also possible here.
  • This can be done, for example, by the fixed contacts being U-shaped and by means of parallel contact rollers or knives or the like running past one another. can be painted over independently of one another.
  • taps of the step winding of a step transformer are connected to fixed contacts n, (n + 1), ..., (n + m), which can be arranged in a circular or linear manner.
  • the tap changer also consists of a switch contact SKM, which is connected to the common discharge line via a vacuum switch SKV, and an auxiliary contact HKW, which can be moved independently of it and without mechanical coupling, and which also has the common one via a series connection of an auxiliary switch HKM and a contact resistance R Derivative is connected.
  • auxiliary contact HKW shows the associated circuit diagram for a multiple step switching from n to (n + 1), then to (n + 2) and then back to (n + 1). It can be seen that, regardless of whether a switch is made to a higher or a lower voltage level, the auxiliary contact HKW always precedes and performs a preselecting function.
  • the fixed contacts n, (n + 1), (n + 2), ... are designed so that they can be wired independently of each other both from the main contact SKM and from the auxiliary contact HKW.
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically a modified such tap changer, in which all elements are arranged on a movable arm, which here carries the main contact SKM, this arm, symbolized in the figure by a chain line, connected to the derivative.
  • the auxiliary contact HKW which can be moved independently of it, is guided or supported in an insulated manner and electrically connected to the arm carrying the main contact SKM.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment in which the mechanical auxiliary switch HKM is replaced by a further vacuum switch HKV.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a tap changer, in which the movable switching contact SKM is connected to the common derivative via a series connection of two vacuum switches SKV and ZKV.
  • FIG. 7 again shows the associated circuit diagram when switching from n to (n + 1), then to (n + 2) and back again to (n + 1).
  • FIG. 8 shows a tap changer according to FIG. 6, again in a modified version, with all switching elements on one movable arm, which carries the main contact SKM here, are arranged.
  • the auxiliary contact HKW which can be moved independently of it, is in turn guided or supported in an insulated manner and electrically connected to the arm carrying the main contact SKM.
  • FIG. 9 shows the construction of a tap changer according to FIG. 8 from above
  • FIG. 10 shows this tap changer in a side view in plane AA and FIG. 11 in plane BB.
  • the tap changer consists of a housing 1, the fixed tap contacts 2 being arranged vertically on its end face, each consisting of two contact parts 2.1, 2.2, which extend parallel to one another into the interior of the tap changer. From above, a threaded spindle 4 derived from a drive 3 leads into the housing 1. On the side of the housing 1 which is applied to the fixed stepped contacts 2, two cam rails 5, two guide rails 6 and a discharge rail 7 are arranged, extending vertically, the function of which is even closer is explained.
  • the tap changer also has a spring energy store, which consists of a tubular elevator slide 8, which is enclosed by a compression spring 9 and in turn encloses the threaded spindle 4, by which it is driven.
  • the spring energy store also consists of an essentially U-shaped output part 11.
  • a fixed integral part of the output part 11 and thus its sudden movement after triggering is followed by a switch contact 12, which connects the other contact part of each fixed step contact 2, three vacuum switches 13, 14, 28, a conductive contact rail 15, further rollers 24, 25 and angle levers 26, 27, 29 for actuating the Vacuum switch 13, 14, 28, furthermore a discharge contact knife 18, which is connected to the discharge rail 7, and finally at least one transition resistor 19.
  • the threaded spindle 4 executes a rotary movement and moves the tubular elevator slide 8, which surrounds it, continuously up or down, depending on the direction of rotation.
  • the compression spring 9 which is supported against an upper abutment 9.1 or a lower abutment 9.2, is tensioned; the spring energy storage is pulled up.
  • a roller 21 of a trigger bar 22 of the output part 11 runs on the likewise vertically moving trigger contour 20, which has bevels 20.1, 20.2.
  • the preselecting auxiliary contact 10 which is fixedly connected to the elevator carriage 8, moves; it leaves the original fixed step contact 2 and reaches the next fixed step contact located above or below it.
  • the preselecting auxiliary contact 10 slides on the contact rail 15, which is connected to the vacuum cell 13 via the at least one contact resistor 19.
  • the roller 21 reaches the respective slope 20.1 or 20.2; the trigger bar 22 is shifted horizontally out of the detent 23 in the guide rail 6 and the complete output part 11 abruptly follows the previous movement of the elevator carriage 8.
  • the guide rail 6 takes over the mechanical, vertical guidance.
  • the switching contact 12 now also leaves the previous fixed step contact 2 and reaches a contact part of the new step contact, on the other contact part of which the auxiliary contact 10 already rests.
  • the angle lever 27 has a roller 25 which runs on the curved rail 5 and is deflected by the contour thereof; the angle lever 27 is thereby rotated about its pivot point 271 and thus actuates the actuating lever 273 of the second vacuum switch 14 articulated at the pivot point 272.At the same time, the run-up surface 274 runs against a corresponding run-up surface 294 of a second angle lever 29, which is thereby also rotated about its pivot point 291 and so that the further actuating lever 293 of the third vacuum switch 28 articulated via the articulation point 292 is actuated.
  • Fig. 14 shows a single fixed contact 2, which is approximately U-shaped and has two longitudinally parallel mutually extending contact cheeks 41 and 42, between which a connecting leg 43 is arranged perpendicular to it, the means 44 for mechanical fastening and electrical Connection of the respective fixed contact.
  • FIG. 15 shows the fixed contact shown individually in FIG. 14 together with the movable selector contact bridges K1 and K2 which pass over it and which correspond to the auxiliary contact 10 and the switching contact 12 from FIG. 9.

Claims (10)

  1. Commutateur à gradins pour des transformateurs à gradins comportant deux contacts sélecteurs mobiles, un commutateur à vide commutant le courant de charge et conduisant ce courant en permanence étant associé au premier contact sélecteur (SKM) mobile, et au second des contacts de sélecteur mobiles (HKW) est associé un commutateur (HKM) commutant le courant de compensation entre les deux prises voisines du transformateur à gradins et conduisant brièvement ce courant, en série avec une résistance de passage (R) et s'appuyant contre la même prise en position de repos du premier et du second contact mobile de sélecteur,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    à la fois le premier contact mobile de sélecteur (SKM) que le second contact mobile de sélecteur (HKW) sont mobiles séparément et sans couplage direct réciproque,
    le second contact de sélecteur mobile (HKW) atteignant à chaque mouvement de commutation, le nouveau contact fixe (n+/-) indépendamment du sens de commutation, avant que le premier contact de sélecteur (SKM) ne quitte le contact fixe (n) utilisé jusqu'à lors,
    le second contact de sélecteur mobile (HKW) est actionné directement, en continu par un axe d'entraînement,
    et le premier contact de sélecteur mobile (SKM), après déclenchement de l'accumulateur de force suit par sauts le mouvement du second contact de sélecteur mobile (HKW), l'accumulateur de force étant bandé par l'axe d'entraînement.
  2. Commutateur à gradins selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le commutateur en liaison avec le second contact de sélecteur (HKW) mobile, pour commuter un courant de compensation est également un commutateur à vide (HKV).
  3. Commutateur à gradins selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier contact de sélecteur mobile (SKM) est suivi en série du commutateur à vide (SKV) commutant le courant de charge et conduisant celui-ci en permanence, par un autre commutateur à vide (ZKV) et ces deux commutateurs à vide (SKV, ZKV) branchés en série sont actionnés sensiblement en même temps.
  4. Commutateur à gradins selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les deux contacts de sélecteur (SKM, HKW) mobiles sont superposés verticalement en tournant autour d'un même axe et en ce que les contacts fixes (n...n+m) s'étendent chaque fois dans la direction verticale, suffisamment pour pouvoir être atteints indépendamment par les deux contacts de sélecteur (SKM, HKW) mobiles.
  5. Commutateur à gradins selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les deux contacts de sélecteur mobiles (SKM, HKW) sont guidés de manière mobile linéaire indépendamment l'un de l'autre de façon à pouvoir parcourir chaque fois tous les contacts fixes (n...n+m) disposés de manière linéaire.
  6. Commutateur à gradins selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les contacts fixes (n...n+m) s'étendent le long d'un chemin linéaire à l'intérieur du commutateur à gradins et peuvent être commutés par un mécanisme de commutation coulissant et entraînés par un axe d'entraînement coopérant avec une broche filetée (4), le mécanisme de commutation se compose d'un chariot de remontage (8) entraîné en continu, directement par la broche filetée (4) et d'une partie de sortie (11) remontée par celui-ci par l'intermédiaire d'un accumulateur d'énergie à ressort, et qui suit le chariot de remontage (8), par sauts, après déclenchement,
    le chariot de remontage (8) est relié à un contact auxiliaire de présélection (10) qui forme le second contact de sélecteur mobile (HKW) qui peut être mis en contact avec chacun des contacts de prise (2), fixes et est relié par au moins une résistance de passage (19) et au moins un premier commutateur (13) à une conduite de sortie de charge, la partie de sortie (11) est reliée solidairement à un contact de commutation (12) qui forme le premier contact de sélecteur mobile (SKM) qui peut également être mise en contact avec chacun des contacts de prise fixes (2) et est reliée par un second commutateur (14) ou un montage en série formé d'un second et d'un troisième commutateur (14, 28) de nouveau avec la sortie de charge.
  7. Commutateur à gradins selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque contact fixe (n...n+m) comprend deux joues de contact (41, 42) parallèles dans la direction longitudinale, reliées électriquement l'une à l'autre et qui peuvent être parcourues,
    et parallèlement au contact fixe (n...n+m) il y a deux rails de contact conducteurs d'électricité, à savoir un rail de contact auxiliaire (15) et un rail de contact de sortie (7) qui s'étendent longitudinalement dans le commutateur à gradins, le rail de contact de sortie (7) étant relié directement et le rail de contact auxiliaire (15) étant relié par un montage en série formé d'au moins une résistance de passage (19) et du commutateur pour commuter un courant de compensation (13) sur la ligne de sortie,
    comme premier contact de sélecteur mobile (SKM), un premier pont de contact (12) relie chaque fois une joue de contact de chaque contact fixe (n..n+m) avec interposition d'au moins un commutateur à vide (14, 28) avec le rail de sortie (7),
    et comme second contact de sélecteur mobile (HKW), un second pont de contact (10) relie chaque fois l'autre joue de contact de chaque contact fixe (n...n+m) avec le rail de contact auxiliaire (15).
  8. Commutateur à gradins selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le chariot de remontage (8) est de forme tubulaire, et est entouré par un ressort de compression (9) de l'accumulateur d'énergie à ressort qui s'appuie contre la partie de sortie (11), le chariot de remontage (8) entourant lui-même la broche filetée (4).
  9. Commutateur à gradins selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le contact auxiliaire (10) de présélection est en forme de pont de contact dont l'extrémité libre glisse sur le rail de contact (15) conducteur, qui est fixé de manière isolée électriquement sur la partie de sortie (11) et est relié par au moins une résistance de passage (19) et par le premier commutateur (13), électriquement à la ligne de sortie de charge.
  10. Commutateur à gradins selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un contact de commutation (12) relié mécaniquement solidairement à la partie de sortie (11) et participant ainsi à son mouvement par sauts après déclenchement, au moins les deux commutateurs à vide (13, 14, 28), le rail de contact conducteur (15) ainsi que les galets (24, 25) et les leviers coudés (26, 27, 29) pour actionner au moins deux commutateurs à vide (13, 14, 28), un couteau de contact de sortie (18) relié au rail de sortie (7) et enfin au moins une résistance de passage (19).
EP93909909A 1992-07-16 1993-05-06 Commutateur a gradins Expired - Lifetime EP0650637B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924223439 DE4223439C1 (de) 1992-07-16 1992-07-16 Lastwähler für Stufenschalter an Stufentransformatoren
DE4223439 1992-07-16
DE19924237165 DE4237165C1 (de) 1992-11-04 1992-11-04 Einpoliger Stufenschalter mit linearer Kontaktbetätigung für einen Stufentransformator
DE4237231 1992-11-04
DE19924237231 DE4237231C1 (de) 1992-07-16 1992-11-04 Stufenschalter für Stufentransformatoren
DE4237165 1992-11-04
PCT/EP1993/001112 WO1994002955A1 (fr) 1992-07-16 1993-05-06 Commutateur a gradins

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0650637A1 EP0650637A1 (fr) 1995-05-03
EP0650637B1 true EP0650637B1 (fr) 1996-04-10

Family

ID=27203980

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93909909A Expired - Lifetime EP0650637B1 (fr) 1992-07-16 1993-05-06 Commutateur a gradins

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US5523674A (fr)
EP (1) EP0650637B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3313716B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100325318B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE136684T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4065093A (fr)
BG (1) BG61357B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2140156C (fr)
DE (1) DE59302207D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2085778T3 (fr)
HU (1) HU215624B (fr)
RO (1) RO112973B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2121182C1 (fr)
UA (1) UA27824C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994002955A1 (fr)

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DE4439813C1 (de) 1994-11-08 1996-06-20 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Stufenschalter und Verfahren zu dessen Überwachung
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DE102004052316B3 (de) * 2004-10-28 2005-12-01 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Verfahren zur Schaltzeitmessung an einem Laststufenschalter und Schaltung zur Schaltzeitmessung
US8525526B2 (en) * 2009-11-13 2013-09-03 Hubbell Incorporated High voltage test terminal having a shock-absorbing insulator
EP2509089B1 (fr) * 2011-04-04 2016-11-30 ABB Schweiz AG Changeur de prise
EP2541572A1 (fr) * 2011-06-27 2013-01-02 ABB Technology Ltd Procédé et appareil de surveillance d'un changeur de prise
DE102011113718A1 (de) * 2011-09-17 2013-03-21 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter
DE102012202327B4 (de) * 2012-02-16 2015-01-08 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter mit mindestens zwei Vakuumschaltröhren und Antrieb für einen Lastumschalter mit mindestens zwei Vakuumschaltröhren
DE202012101475U1 (de) * 2012-04-20 2013-07-23 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter
DE202012101476U1 (de) * 2012-04-20 2013-07-23 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter
DE102012103490B4 (de) * 2012-04-20 2015-11-12 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Verteiltransformator zur Spannungsregelung von Ortsnetzen
DE102012103489B4 (de) * 2012-04-20 2015-11-12 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter und dessen Verwendung zur Spannungsregelung in einem Verteiltransformator
DE202012101477U1 (de) * 2012-04-20 2013-07-23 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter
DE102012105152B4 (de) * 2012-06-14 2015-11-12 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen verschiedenen Wicklungsanzapfungen eines Stufentransformators
DE102013109289B8 (de) * 2013-08-27 2017-12-28 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter, Stufentransformator zur Spannungsregelung und Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Umschaltung im Stufentransformator
EP3024007A1 (fr) 2015-04-13 2016-05-25 ABB Technology Ltd Commutateur d'inversion de type résistance, procédé pour commander le commutateur d'inversion et changeur de prise en charge comprenant le commutateur d'inversion
DE102018113982B4 (de) * 2018-06-12 2023-09-28 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter und verfahren zur betätigung eines laststufenschalters

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3313716B2 (ja) 2002-08-12
HU9401384D0 (en) 1994-08-29
DE59302207D1 (de) 1996-05-15
HU215624B (hu) 1999-01-28
BG99286A (bg) 1995-09-29
UA27824C2 (uk) 2000-10-16
ES2085778T3 (es) 1996-06-01
HUT68106A (en) 1995-05-29
AU4065093A (en) 1994-02-14
KR100325318B1 (ko) 2002-08-08
ATE136684T1 (de) 1996-04-15
RU95105436A (ru) 1997-02-20
WO1994002955A1 (fr) 1994-02-03
RU2121182C1 (ru) 1998-10-27
RO112973B1 (ro) 1998-02-27
CA2140156C (fr) 1999-01-19
US5523674A (en) 1996-06-04
CA2140156A1 (fr) 1994-02-03
BG61357B1 (en) 1997-06-30
JPH07509095A (ja) 1995-10-05
EP0650637A1 (fr) 1995-05-03

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