EP0648851B1 - Artikel aus Schwefel enthaltenden Werkzeugstahlpulver und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung - Google Patents

Artikel aus Schwefel enthaltenden Werkzeugstahlpulver und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung Download PDF

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EP0648851B1
EP0648851B1 EP94306632A EP94306632A EP0648851B1 EP 0648851 B1 EP0648851 B1 EP 0648851B1 EP 94306632 A EP94306632 A EP 94306632A EP 94306632 A EP94306632 A EP 94306632A EP 0648851 B1 EP0648851 B1 EP 0648851B1
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article
tool steel
sulphur
nitrogen
powder metallurgy
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French (fr)
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EP0648851A1 (de
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William Stasko
Kenneth E. Pinnow
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Crucible Materials Corp
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Crucible Materials Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/00178—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices for active exercising, the apparatus being also usable for passive exercising
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/00181—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices comprising additional means assisting the user to overcome part of the resisting force, i.e. assisted-active exercising
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/40—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof
    • A63B21/4041—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof characterised by the movements of the interface
    • A63B21/4047—Pivoting movement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/0002—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements involving an exercising of arms
    • A63B22/001—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements involving an exercising of arms by simultaneously exercising arms and legs, e.g. diagonally in anti-phase
    • A63B22/0012—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements involving an exercising of arms by simultaneously exercising arms and legs, e.g. diagonally in anti-phase the exercises for arms and legs being functionally independent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/20—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements using rollers, wheels, castors or the like, e.g. gliding means, to be moved over the floor or other surface, e.g. guide tracks, during exercising
    • A63B22/201—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements using rollers, wheels, castors or the like, e.g. gliding means, to be moved over the floor or other surface, e.g. guide tracks, during exercising for moving a support element in reciprocating translation, i.e. for sliding back and forth on a guide track
    • A63B22/203—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements using rollers, wheels, castors or the like, e.g. gliding means, to be moved over the floor or other surface, e.g. guide tracks, during exercising for moving a support element in reciprocating translation, i.e. for sliding back and forth on a guide track in a horizontal plane
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
    • A63B23/04—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs
    • A63B23/0405—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs involving a bending of the knee and hip joints simultaneously
    • A63B23/0417—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs involving a bending of the knee and hip joints simultaneously with guided foot supports moving parallel to the body-symmetrical-plane by translation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/20—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements using rollers, wheels, castors or the like, e.g. gliding means, to be moved over the floor or other surface, e.g. guide tracks, during exercising
    • A63B22/201—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements using rollers, wheels, castors or the like, e.g. gliding means, to be moved over the floor or other surface, e.g. guide tracks, during exercising for moving a support element in reciprocating translation, i.e. for sliding back and forth on a guide track
    • A63B2022/206—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements using rollers, wheels, castors or the like, e.g. gliding means, to be moved over the floor or other surface, e.g. guide tracks, during exercising for moving a support element in reciprocating translation, i.e. for sliding back and forth on a guide track on a curved path
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/02—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00 for large-room or outdoor sporting games
    • A63B71/023—Supports, e.g. poles
    • A63B2071/025—Supports, e.g. poles on rollers or wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/005—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters
    • A63B21/0058—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters using motors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/0015—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with an adjustable movement path of the support elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/0015—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with an adjustable movement path of the support elements
    • A63B22/0023—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with an adjustable movement path of the support elements the inclination of the main axis of the movement path being adjustable, e.g. the inclination of an endless band
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
    • A63B23/03575—Apparatus used for exercising upper and lower limbs simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2201/00—Treatment under specific atmosphere
    • B22F2201/02—Nitrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a tool steel article made of a hot worked powder metallurgy tool steel having higher than conventional sulfur content and a method for producing the same.
  • Tool steels are used conventionally in the manufacture of tooling articles employed in both cutting and noncutting tooling applications. This includes the manufacture of broaches and hobs, as well as of rolls, punches and mold components. In these tooling applications, it is necessary that the tool steel have sufficient strength, toughness, and wear resistance to withstand the service conditions encountered in these typical applications. In addition, they must have adequate machinability and grindability to facilitate production of the desired tooling components.
  • a more specific object of the invention is to provide a tool steel article made from a hot worked high sulfur containing powder metallurgy produced tool steel wherein the presence of sulfur and resulting sulfides does not significantly degrade toughness, as exhibited by the bend fracture strength.
  • the invention provides a machinable powder metallurgy produced sulphur containing tool steel article in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2 of the appended claims.
  • a machinable powder-metallurgy produced sulfur-containing tool steel article comprising a hot worked, fully dense, consolidated mass of nitrogen-gas atomized, prealloyed particles of a tool steel alloy having a sulfur content of 0.10 to 0.30 weight percent with a maximum sulfide size controlled to be less than about 15 microns.
  • the tool steel alloy of the hot worked article may have a composition of a wrought high speed tool steel or of a wrought cold work tool steel to which sulfur has been intentionally added within a range of 0.10 to 0.30 weight percent.
  • the tool steel of the hot worked article may have in weight percent 0.80 to 3.00 carbon, 0.20 to 2.00 manganese, 0.10 to 0.30 sulfur, up to 0.04 phosphorus, 0.20 to 1.50 silicon, 3.00 to 12.00 chromium, 0.25 to 10.00 vanadium, up to 11.00 molybdenum, up to 18.00 tungsten, up to 10.00 cobalt, up to 0.10 nitrogen, up to 0.025 oxygen, and balance iron and incidental impurities.
  • Tungsten may be substituted for molybdenum in the stoichiometric ratio of 2:1.
  • the machinable powder-metallurgy produced sulfur-containing tool steel article may have a minimum transverse bend fracture strength of 3450 MPa (500 ksi) when heat treated to a hardness of 64 to 66 HRC.
  • the article comprises a hot-worked, fully dense, consolidated mass of nitrogen gas atomized, prealloyed particles of a tool steel alloy of, in weight percent, 1.25 to 1.50 carbon, 0.20 to 1.00 manganese, 0.10 to 0.26 sulfur, up to 0.04 phosphorous, up to 1.00 silicon, 3.0 to 6.0 chromium, 4.0 to 6.0 molybdenum, 3.50 to 4.50 vanadium, 4.0 to 6.5 tungsten, up to 0.025 oxygen, up to 0.10 nitrogen and balance iron and incidental impurities.
  • the article has a maximum sulfide size controlled to be less than about 15 microns.
  • the sulfur content of the articles in accordance with the invention may be within the range of 0.14 to 0.26%.
  • the invention further provides a method for manufacturing a powder metallurgy sulfur containing tool steel article in accordance with Claim 4 or Claim 5 of the appended claims.
  • the invention includes a method for manufacturing a powder-metallurgy sulfur-containing tool steel article of a hot worked, fully dense, consolidated mass of nitrogen atomized, prealloyed particles of a tool steel alloy having a sulfur content of 0.10 to 0.30 weight percent with a maximum sulfide size controlled to be less than about 15 microns.
  • prealloyed particles are produced by nitrogen gas atomization and are hot isostatically compacted to full density at a temperature of 1185°C (2165°F) and a pressure of 1035 MPa (15 ksi). The resulting compact is hot worked to a desired article shape at a temperature of 1121°C (2050°F) and the article is then annealed.
  • the method in the invention may also be applied to prealloyed particles of a tool steel alloy of the composition, in weight percent, 0.80 to 3.00 carbon, 0.20 to 2.00 manganese, 0.10 to 0.30 sulfur, up to 0.04 phosphorous, 0.20 to 1.50 silicon, 3.0 to 12.0 chromium, 0.25 to 10.0 vanadium, up to 11.0 molybdenum, up to 18.0 tungsten, up to 10.0 cobalt, up to 0.10 nitrogen, up to 0.025 oxygen, balance iron and incidental impurities.
  • the method of the invention may likewise be used with prealloyed particles of a tool steel alloy of the composition, in weight percent, 1.25 to 1.50 carbon, 0.20 to 1.00 manganese, 0.10 to 0.26 sulfur, up to 0.04 phosphorous, up to 1.00 silicon, 3.0 to 6.0 chromium, 4.0 to 6.0 molybdenum, 3.50 to 4.50 vanadium, 4.0 to 6.5 tungsten, up to 0.025 oxygen, up to 0.10 nitrogen, balance iron and incidental impurities.
  • the sulfur content may be within the range of 0.14 to 0.26 weight percent.
  • the carbon present in the alloy combines with chromium, vanadium, molybdenum and tungsten to form the desired dispersion of wear resistant carbides and to promote secondary hardening. Sufficient carbon is also present to provide for strengthening of the matrix of the steel.
  • the sulfur present in the steel combines primarily with the manganese to produce manganese sulfides or manganese-rich sulfides which facilitate the machinability and grindability of the steel.
  • the high sulfur powder metallurgy produced tool steels used in their construction be hot worked after consolidation to achieve the high mechanical strength needed for tooling components. It is also essential that the production and processing conditions for the powder metallurgy produced tool steels used in the articles of this invention be controlled so that the sizes and distribution of the sulfides introduced by the sulfur additions do not significantly degrade mechanical properties. In the powder metallurgy produced tool steel used in the tool steel articles of this invention, this is achieved by maintaining the maximum size of the sulfides below about 15 ⁇ m in their longest dimension.
  • the production conditions for the experimental tool steels were designed to minimize the size of the sulfides in the microstructure. They were produced from nitrogen gas atomized prealloyed powders produced from 136 kg (300-pound) induction melted heats. About 91 kg (200 pounds) of powder from each heat were screened to -16 mesh (U.S. Standard) and loaded into 20 cm (8-inch) diameter, low carbon steel containers which were hot outgassed at 204°C (400°F) and then sealed by welding. The containers were then heated to 1185°C (2165°F) and isostatically compacted at this temperature for four hours at a pressure of 103.5 MPa (15 ksi) and then slowly cooled to ambient temperature. The resulting compacts were then heated to a temperature of 1121°C (2050°F), hot worked to 8 cm (3-inch) diameter bars, and finally annealed using a conventional high speed tool steel annealing cycle.
  • the commercial powder metallurgy tool steels were produced from -16 mesh nitrogen atomized powders and are representative of materials receiving different amounts of hot reduction after consolidation by hot isostatic pressing. No special measures were used in production of these steels to control sulfide size.
  • the results of the drill machinability tests conducted on the experimental tool steels in the annealed condition are given in Table V.
  • the drill machinability indexes in this table were obtained by comparing the times required to drill holes of the same size and depth in these steels and by multiplying the ratios of the times for each steel to that for the experimental steel with 0.005% sulfur by 100. Indexes greater than 100 indicate that the drill machinability of the steel being tested is greater than that of the experimental tool steel article containing 0.005% sulfur (Steel 91-60).
  • the results show that increasing sulfur from 0.005 to 0.26% improves machinability of the experimental tool steels and that the greater improvement is achieved at sulfur contents at or above about 0.14%.
  • sulfur containing tool steel article is restricted to cold work tool steels and high speed tool steels.

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
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Claims (6)

  1. Bearbeitbarer, pulvermetallurgisch hergestellter, Schwefel enthaltender Werkzeugstahlgegenstand, der eine heiß bearbeitete, völlig dichte, konsolidierte Masse aus mit gasförmigem Stickstoff zerstäubten, vorlegierten Teilchen einer Werkzeugstahllegierung umfaßt, wobei diese Werkzeugstahllegierung in Gewichtsprozent 0,80 bis 3,00 Kohlenstoff, 0,20 bis 2,00 Mangan, 0,10 bis 0,30 Schwefel, bis zu 0,04 Phosphor, 0,20 bis 1,50 Silizium, 3,0 bis 12,00 Chrom, 0,25 bis 10,00 Vanadium, bis zu 11,00 Molybdän, bis zu 18,00 Wolfram, bis zu 10,00 Kobalt, bis zu 0,10 Stickstoff, bis zu 0,025 Sauerstoff enthält, wobei der Rest von Eisen und zufälligen Verunreinigungen gebildet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gegenstand eine maximale Sulfidgröße aufweist, die so gesteuert ist, daß sie weniger als 15 µm beträgt.
  2. Bearbeitbarer pulvermetallurgisch hergestellter, Schwefel enthaltender Werkzeugstahlgegenstand, der eine minimale Querbigungs-Bruchfestigkeit von 3450 MPa (500 ksi) besitzt, wenn er zur Erzielung einer Härte von 64 bis 66 HRC hitzebehandelt worden ist, wobei dieser Gegenstand eine heißbearbeitete, völlig dichte, konsolidierte Masse aus mit gasförmigem Stickstoff zerstäubten, vorlegierten Teilchen einer Werkzeugstahllegierung umfaßt, die in Gewichtsprozent 1,25 bis 1,50 Kohlenstoff, 0,20 bis 1,00 Mangan, 1,10 bis 0,26 Schwefel, bis zu 0,04 Phosphor, bis zu 1,00 Silizium, 3,0 bis 6,00 Chrom, 4,0 bis 6,0 Molybdän, 3,50 bis 4,50 Vanadium, 4,0 bis 6,5 Wolfram, bis zu 0,025 Sauerstoff, bis zu 0,10 Stickstoff umfaßt, wobei der Rest aus Eisen und zufälligen Verunreinigungen besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gegenstand eine maximale Sulfidgröße besitzt, die so gesteuert ist, daß sie weniger als ungefähr 0,15 µm beträgt.
  3. Pulvermetallurgisch hergestellter, Schwefel enthaltender Lagerstahl Gegenstand nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem der Schwefelgehalt im Bereich von 0,14 Prozent bis 0,26 Prozent liegt.
  4. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines pulvermetallurgischen, Schwefel enthaltenden Werkzeugstahlgegenstandes, der eine heißbearbeitete, völlig dichte, konsolidierte Masse aus mit Stickstoff zerstäubten, vorlegierten Teilchen einer Werkzeugstahllegierung umfaßt, die in Gewichtsprozent 0,80 bis 3,00 Kohlenstoff, 0,20 bis 2,00 Mangan, 0,10 bis 0,30 Schwefel, bis zu 0,04 Phosphor, 0,20 bis 1,50 Silizium, 3 bis 12,00 Chrom, 0,25 bis 10,00 Vanadium, bis zu 11,00 Molybdän, bis zu 18,00 Wolfram, bis zu 10,00 Kobalt, bis zu 0,10 Stickstoff, bis zu 0,025 Sauerstoff umfaßt, wobei der Rest aus Eisen und zufälligen Verunreinigungen besteht, und wobei der Gegenstand eine maximale Sulfidgröße besitzt, die so gesteuert ist, daß sie weniger als ungefähr 15 µm beträgt, und wobei das Verfahren die Schritte umfaßt, daß die vorlegierten Teilchen durch Zerstäubung mit gasförmigem Stickstoff hergestellt werden, die vorlegierten Teilchen isostatisch bei einer Temperatur von 1185°C (2165°F) und einem Druck von 103,5 Mpa (15 ksi) heiß auf volle Dichte verdichtet werden, daß der sich ergebende verdichtete Körper bei einer Temperatur von 1121°C (2050°F) auf die gewünschte Form des Gegenstandes heiiß bearbeitet und der Gegenstand geglüht wird.
  5. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines pulvermetallurgischen, Schwefel enthaltenden Werkzeugstahlgegenstandes, der eine minimale Querbiegungs-Bruchfestigkeit von 3450 MPa (500 ksi) besitzt, wenn er zur Erzielung einer Härte von 64 bis 66 HRC hitzebehandelt worden ist, wobei dieser Gegenstand eine heißbearbeitete, völlig dichte, konsolidierte Masse von mit Stickstoff zerstäubten, vorlegierten Teilchen einer Werkzeugstahllegierung enthält, die in Gewichtsprozent 1,25 bis 1,50 Kohlenstoff, 0,20 bis 1,00 Mangan, 0,10 bis 0,26 Schwefel, bis zu 0,04 Phosphor, bis zu 1,00 Silizium, 3,0 bis 6,0 Chrom, 4,0 bis 6,0 Molybdän, 3,5 bis 4,50 Vanadium, 4,0 bis 6,5 Wolfram, bis zu 0,025 Sauerstoff, bis zu 0,10 Stickstoff enthält, wobei der Rest aus Eisen und zufälligen Verunreinigungen besteht, und wobei dieser Gegenstand eine maximale Sulfidgröße besitzt, die so gesteuert ist, daß sie kleiner als ungefähr 15 µm ist, und wobei das Verfahren die Schritte umfaßt, daß vorlegierte Teilchen durch Stickstoff-Gaszerstäubung hergestellt und die vorlegierten Teilchen bei einer Temperatur von 1185 °C (2165°F) und einem Druck von 103,5 MPa (15 ksi) auf volle Dichte verdichtet werden, daß der verdichtete Körper bei einer Temperatur von 1121°C (2050°F) heiß bearbeitet wird, um die gewünschte Form des Gegenstandes zur erzielen, und das der Gegenstand geglüht wird.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, bei dem der Schwefelgehalt in einem Bereich von 0,14 bis 0,26 Gewichtsprozent liegt.
EP94306632A 1993-09-27 1994-09-09 Artikel aus Schwefel enthaltenden Werkzeugstahlpulver und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung Revoked EP0648851B1 (de)

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US12656293A 1993-09-27 1993-09-27
US126562 1993-09-27

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EP0648851B1 true EP0648851B1 (de) 1999-07-14

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JP (1) JPH07179908A (de)
AT (1) ATE182183T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2131652C (de)
DE (1) DE69419474T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0648851T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2135544T3 (de)
GR (1) GR3031225T3 (de)

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US5679908A (en) * 1995-11-08 1997-10-21 Crucible Materials Corporation Corrosion resistant, high vanadium, powder metallurgy tool steel articles with improved metal to metal wear resistance and a method for producing the same
SE508872C2 (sv) * 1997-03-11 1998-11-09 Erasteel Kloster Ab Pulvermetallurgiskt framställt stål för verktyg, verktyg framställt därav, förfarande för framställning av stål och verktyg samt användning av stålet
AT411580B (de) * 2001-04-11 2004-03-25 Boehler Edelstahl Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen herstellung von gegenständen
AT412000B (de) 2003-04-24 2004-08-26 Boehler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg Kaltarbeitsstahl-gegenstand
GB0912669D0 (en) * 2009-07-21 2009-08-26 Skf Publ Ab Bearing steels

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US3598567A (en) * 1968-07-01 1971-08-10 Nicholas J Grant Stainless steel powder product
JPS5817802B2 (ja) * 1980-03-03 1983-04-09 株式会社神戸製鋼所 粉末高速度鋼の熱間加工法
SE445715B (sv) * 1984-11-30 1986-07-14 Hoeganaes Ab Mangansulfidhaltig jernpulverblandning
JPS63149707A (ja) * 1986-12-15 1988-06-22 Fujitsu Ltd ロボツトの速度指令生成方法
JPH02232302A (ja) * 1989-03-04 1990-09-14 Daido Steel Co Ltd 粉末高合金鋼圧延材の製造方法
CH680137A5 (de) * 1989-12-22 1992-06-30 Htm Ag
JPH03247743A (ja) * 1990-02-26 1991-11-05 Kawasaki Steel Corp 耐食性、被削性および鏡面性に優れた焼結合金鋼およびその製造方法
JPH0480305A (ja) * 1990-07-24 1992-03-13 Daido Steel Co Ltd 粉末高速度鋼製品の製造方法
US5238482A (en) * 1991-05-22 1993-08-24 Crucible Materials Corporation Prealloyed high-vanadium, cold work tool steel particles and methods for producing the same

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CA2131652C (en) 2004-06-01
DE69419474D1 (de) 1999-08-19
CA2131652A1 (en) 1995-03-28
GR3031225T3 (en) 1999-12-31
ATE182183T1 (de) 1999-07-15
ES2135544T3 (es) 1999-11-01
JPH07179908A (ja) 1995-07-18
DK0648851T3 (da) 1999-11-29
DE69419474T2 (de) 2000-03-16
EP0648851A1 (de) 1995-04-19

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