EP0645070B1 - Stereophonische tonwiedergabevorrichtung mit mehreren lautsprechern fur jeden kanal - Google Patents

Stereophonische tonwiedergabevorrichtung mit mehreren lautsprechern fur jeden kanal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0645070B1
EP0645070B1 EP93913114A EP93913114A EP0645070B1 EP 0645070 B1 EP0645070 B1 EP 0645070B1 EP 93913114 A EP93913114 A EP 93913114A EP 93913114 A EP93913114 A EP 93913114A EP 0645070 B1 EP0645070 B1 EP 0645070B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loudspeakers
signal
speakers
sound reproduction
reproduction apparatus
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP93913114A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0645070A1 (de
Inventor
Alain Azoulay
Jean-Louis Queri
Jean Rouch
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/403—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers loud-speakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sound reproduction device by multi-amplification.
  • the technical sector of the invention is the field of manufacturing high fidelity equipment for the reproduction of any sound signal.
  • One of the main applications of the invention is the generation of three-dimensional sounds restoring the concept of bottom and top of the sound message.
  • acoustic reproduction devices which always include a stage for amplifying a signal from any source of emission, such as a microphone, a magnetic tape, a disc, etc., and a or several speakers comprising one or more speakers transforming the output signals of the amplifier into membrane vibrations, creating variations in sound pressure waves.
  • the loudspeakers are provided with conical horns, of regular or exponential shape for a better directive effect, surrounding the vibrating membrane to concentrate the power of emission towards the front of it this; but there is always a lateral diffusion gradient and the decrease in sound volume is always very important with the distance.
  • This directivity also limits the listening volume and can cause echo phenomena by reflection of the waves against the walls of the rooms; moreover, in the event of use of microphone, according to the position of this one, one causes an effect of amplified resonance between this microphone and the loudspeakers, known as effect "LARSEN", very unpleasant and annoying.
  • each power is adjusted emission of each loudspeaker in order to smooth the power coefficient as best as possible by using a weighting for fixed and constant coefficients of "BESSEL”, by series or parallel combination of the coils of the loudspeakers; moreover, it is indicated that in order to obtain the desired effect at the closest possible distance from the loudspeakers themselves, it is recommended to clamp the baffles, without any intermediate vacuum.
  • the problem is therefore on the one hand, to allow listening to the sound reproduction at a sufficient level in a large volume of hearing without offset of stereophonic effect, and without requiring too high amplification, giving with the same adjustment a good level of listening over this entire listening volume, and on the other hand ensuring said reproduction over the whole frequency range of the original sound, while preserving its relief, its tone, and its spatial effect, without phase shift, no distortion or background noise.
  • a sound reproduction device comprising a means of stereophonic amplification, starting from two so-called left and right signals coming from any source of stereophonic emission, and various loudspeakers arranged in two groups, one to the left and the other to the right of the listening direction and each receiving the amplified left and right signal respectively; all of said loudspeakers are in even number, at least equal to four, and their emission faces are placed on a surface with continuous curvature: located two by two along vertical or substantially vertical axes, the respective distances both height and width between said speakers are determined according to the size of these speakers and those of the listening volume, and each speaker is associated with its own amplifier which sends the whole signal to this speaker received, said signal being previously divided into as many channels as said speakers by a distributor.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a modulator which, after integration of the signal, either from each channel, or preferably global, received from the transmission source, on the one hand, distributes this on each channel output of the distributor according to preset thresholds to open one or more of said outputs and on the other hand, modulates the amplification of each of the signals sent to them according to this global signal without phase shift and without processing of the frequency signal, ie respecting the phase and the frequencies of the overall transmission signal.
  • said sound reproduction device in order to reinforce the plane propagation effect of the waves as explained below, comprises eight loudspeakers arranged in two groups of four, ie four to left and four on the right, each forming a quadrupole, placed symmetrically with respect to a median plane.
  • said speakers are all identical and are chosen such that their response frequency range is between approximately 100 hertz and 10 4 hertz.
  • These loudspeakers are for example of a medium type with a diameter of the order of 13 cm.
  • the quadrupole system makes it possible to distribute the sound pressure waves in a uniform manner according to a plane gradient parallel to the surface of continuous curvature, defined by the arrangement of the emission faces of the loudspeakers: in a normal system, there is a spherical and therefore transverse pressure gradient in all directions, which dilutes the pressure wave in the three axis directions. In the quadrupole system, the gradient decreases only in the direction perpendicular to the emission surface.
  • the decrease in power is only inversely proportional to this distance instead of being inversely proportional to the square of it.
  • a transmission power of a few watts will then give at a given distance, the same result as a transmission power of several hundred watts with a sound reproduction device as existing to date, with high individual speakers or speakers grouping several speakers. If people who listen to the reproduction move, the effect of decreasing the sound will be much less noticeable when moving away from the transmission surface, due to the slight decrease in power.
  • This in addition to the much larger volume that can therefore be covered by ensuring good sound listening, also avoids significant distortion that always causes too strong amplification of the signal with current equipment, as well as the effects of reasoning with microphones. possible, also called "LARSEN" effect.
  • each speaker behaves as a single sound source: the optimal amplitude is only reached in the plane median perpendicular to the line joining said speakers, while in the quadrupole system according to the invention, there is an almost uniform amplitude in all the surfaces parallel to the emission surface carrying said four speakers or quadrupoles and this gives a optimal listening throughout the volume located opposite said transmission surface.
  • the uniform equipression zone thus created by said emission surface reduces the resonance of the listening rooms, because all the air molecules in this room are excited in the same way, whereas in the in case of a specific emission by the speakers or loudspeakers known to date, the reflected sound can be greater than the incident sound which is directional at a given location, and if we are near the direction of emission of the speakers and speakers, we have an echo effect and therefore loss of intelligibility.
  • the directional sound is always greater than the sound reflected throughout the room due to the plane wave, which allows better listening and eliminates any disturbing echo phenomenon.
  • each said loudspeaker operates in a better power range; its counter-electromotive force being also weaker affects the output of the amplifier less: there is less signal distortion and thus better efficiency.
  • there is a race for power which is all the more realistic as the energy is lost precisely in this counterelectromotive force and produces distortion.
  • the quadrupole gives an altitude effect, by having vertical bipolar loudspeakers in height whereas in a conventional system, the loudspeakers are in a single horizontal plane, generally at the height of the ears; even the speakers behave the same, since they are combined speakers of different frequency ranges behaving like point sources, and if therefore we are not opposite the axis of said speaker or said speaker, the quality of at least one of the frequency ranges is lost.
  • the large volume of air set in motion also reduces the effects of obstacles, all the more that one is always in direct vision of a loudspeaker, and the sound plane wave effect allows it go around obstacles without being disturbed; even better treble directivity is obtained, ie above 4 to 5000 hertz, by a backscattering effect of the air molecules, even behind the "sound wall".
  • the dynamic distribution of the channels in real time on the quadrupole also allows natural dynamic reinforcement by physical effect, thanks to the change in emission mode described below and which allows, according to the device according to the invention, to pass from 'a emission of cylindrical waves to plane wave.
  • the signal distributor modulator system uses active multi-amplification without phase shift and the speakers receive all the frequencies : the treatment is only in energy and not in frequency; it is therefore not necessary to have multi-channel speakers and medium speakers are sufficient as defined below.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic overview of the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram of a part of the device in FIG. 1 corresponding to the elements allowing active multi-amplification of the signals.
  • FIG. 1 represents said sound reproduction device according to the invention, comprising, in a known manner, a stereophonic amplification means 3 from signals 6 1 and 6 2 , called left and right, coming from any source of stereophonic emission 1, and various speakers 4, 9 arranged in two groups, one 9 on the left and the other 4 on the right of the direction of listening, and each receiving respectively the left signal 8 and the right signal 7 amplified.
  • a stereophonic amplification means 3 from signals 6 1 and 6 2 , called left and right, coming from any source of stereophonic emission 1, and various speakers 4, 9 arranged in two groups, one 9 on the left and the other 4 on the right of the direction of listening, and each receiving respectively the left signal 8 and the right signal 7 amplified.
  • one of the important and essential characteristics is that all of said loudspeakers 4, 9 are in even number, at least equal to four and located two by two along vertical axes zz 'or substantially vertical, and all the emission faces of these said speakers 4, 9 are placed along a surface 5 with continuous curvature: the respective distances both in height "h” and in width "l” and “d” between said speakers 4 , 9, are determined according to the size of these and those of the listening volume.
  • the device comprises eight loudspeakers arranged in two groups of four, including four on the left 9 and four on the right 4, each forming a quadrupole placed symmetrically with respect to a median plane xx '; by way of example and in one embodiment, the height "h” separating the loudspeakers from each quadrupole is equal to twice the distance "1" which separates them, and the distance "d” separating each quadrupole from l 'median axis xx' can be equal to "l" / 2.
  • the surface of the continuous curve 5 is preferably a plane, but could in fact be any curved, convex or concave surface.
  • the device according to the invention can comprise six loudspeakers, including two left lateral 9, two right lateral 4 receiving respectively the left signal 8 and the right signal 7 which corresponds to them and two centrals located at equal distance "d" from the two lateral groups and receiving both the left and right signals.
  • Said loudspeakers both of the right group 4 and of the left group 9, are preferably all identical and are chosen such that their response frequency range is between approximately 100 hertz and 10 4 hertz, or in fact loudspeakers. speakers whose emission face is a disc of the order of 13 cm in diameter.
  • Such speakers which are then of the medium type, generally exist in current multi-channel speakers, but they are associated for the reproduction of bass and treble sounds, with specialized speakers because they themselves have weak response curves in these.
  • a low frequency loudspeaker and a high frequency loudspeaker are thus added in order to complete and therefore to raise the ends of the emission curve of the midrange speaker by increasing and strengthening only the bass and treble with each of these speakers, respectively: but this requires filtering and the different impedances cause distortions and phase shifts.
  • Such a combination is necessary due to the decrease in the sound in spherical waves, especially in the field of bass around each speaker, while in the case of the device according to the invention a field of sound waves is obtained according to surfaces to continuous parallel curvatures, preferably flat; there is a real superposition of the emissions of all the speakers in combination not of frequencies but of given geometrical arrangement and therefore a maintenance without attenuation of the emission curve of each one and even raising of the edges of the overall emission curve especially in the bass ranges; for these the emission is indeed more spherical than in the medium where one finds more important directivities and than in the treble which is even more directive and where the effect of plane waves is less significant.
  • Each loudspeaker 4 1 , 4 2 , 4 3 , 4 4 and 9 1 , 9 2 , 9 3 , 9 4 and more if all of these quadrupoles are associated with other quadrupoles in order to constitute a surface of even greater sound emission, are each associated with an amplifier 10, forming part of said amplification means 3, and which addresses to it all the frequencies of the received signal, said signal being previously divided into as many channels 12 as said highs -Speakers by a distributor 2: in parallel with this said distributor 2, the device according to the invention may include a modulator 11, as described in FIG. 2 below.
  • FIG. 2 is in fact a wiring diagram of a part of the device corresponding to the elements allowing active multi-amplification of the signals 6, 6 2 and which is another important characteristic of the present invention: the modulator 11 makes it possible, for each channel, left and right, the integration of at least the signal 6 corresponding to said channel and coming from the emission source 1, by virtue of an integrator 14 disposed in parallel on each of these channels, ensuring decoupling and said integration.
  • this said modulator 11 comprises control preamplifiers 15 with filters, which distribute said integrated signal 16 on each output 12 of the channels of the distributor 2 corresponding to the speakers of the same channel: this distribution is carried out according to preset thresholds to open a or more of said outputs 12, and modulate the amplification of each of the original signals 6 or 6 2 addressed to them according to the overall integrated level of this signal, respecting the phase and the frequencies thereof.
  • said modulator integrates all of the left and right signals, thanks to a link 13 between the channels 6 1 and 6 2 after the pre-amplifiers and integrators 14 of each of said channels: this overall signal thus integrated is then processed by the control pre-amplifiers with filters 15 which therefore open at given levels as a function of thresholds preset of the global signal as described above, when only part of the signal is used, either the entire right signal or the whole left signal: in this case, the amplification of each of the signals sent to each output 12 is modulated according to the global left and right signal.
  • the dynamic distribution of the channels in real time on each of the quadrupoles allows a natural dynamic reinforcement by physical effect, thanks to a change of emission mode, which allows to pass and send the power only on one, two or four loudspeakers of each quadrupole: we thus pass from the spherical wave to the cylindrical wave, then to the quasi-plane wave, with the same energy emitted at a given instant, and the passage from one mode to the other, is done according to a continuous recovery law delimited by the passage and control thresholds, and which are in particular adjusted so as to obtain a power per m 2 for each speaker that is approximately constant.
  • this active multi-amplification system is done without phase shift between speakers and without processing the left and right frequency signals: the signal transmitted to each speaker is in fact always homothetic to itself, without alteration, the spectrum frequency emitted by each speaker is the same as that emitted by the corresponding channels 6 1 , 6 2 of the channel coming from the emission of source 1.
  • the integrator 14 in fact makes it possible to obtain, on a parallel channel 16, a value of a signal SO - of the corresponding signal 6, for the given time t1 and this integrated value SO is distributed over each processing input 15 which, by modulating commands as a function of thresholds of this signal SO, makes it possible to open and channel the sound on each amplifier and multiplier 10 of each speaker, in order to open one, two, four or more speakers in more or less amplification, depending on the number of thresholds that have been set.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Static Random-Access Memory (AREA)
  • Stereophonic Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Schallwiedergabe mit einer Stereoverstärkervorrichtung (3) aus zwei links und rechts genannten Signalen (61, 62) von einer beliebigen stereophonen Emissionsquelle (1) und mehreren Lautsprechern (4, 9), die in zwei Gruppen angeordnet sind, wobei sich eine (9) links und die andere (4) rechts von der Hörachse befindet und jeweils das entsprechende verstärkte linke Signal (8) und das rechte Signal (7) empfängt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anzahl der Lautsprecher (4, 9) geradzahlig ist, wenigstens gleich vier, wobei alle Emissionsflächen der Lautsprecher (4, 9) entlang einer gekrümmten, fortlaufenden Fläche (5) angeordnet sind, und daß die Lautsprecher paarweise entlang vertikalen oder im wesentlichen vertikalen Achsen (zz') angeordnet sind und die jeweiligen Entfernungen sowohl in der Höhe als auch in der Breite zwischen den Lautsprechern (4, 9) gemäß ihrer Dimension und derjenigen des Hörvolumens festgelegt werden und jeder Lautsprecher (4, 9) mit einem eigenen Verstärker (10) verbunden ist, der an diese Lautsprecher alle Frequenzen des empfangenen Signals überträgt, wobei das Signal vorher in so viele Wege (12) durch eine Weiche (2) aufgeteilt wird, wie es Lautsprecher gibt.
  2. Vorrichtung zur Schallwiedergabe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Modulator (11) umfaßt, der für jeden linken und rechten Kanal nach Integration wenigstens des dem Kanal entsprechenden Signals (6), das von der Emissionsquelle (1) herrührt, einerseits dieses auf jeden Ausgang (12) der Wege der Weiche (2) entsprechend den Lautsprechern des gleichen Kanals in Abhängigkeit vorgegebener Schwellen zum Öffnen eines oder mehrerer Ausgänge (12) verteilt und andererseits gemäß dem Signal die Verstärkung jedes der an diese adressierten Signale unter Beibehaltung der Phase und der Frequenzen dieses moduliert.
  3. Vorrichtung zur Schallwiedergabe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Modulator (11) umfaßt, der nach Integration des empfangenen allgemeinen Signals (61, 62) der Emissionsquelle (1) einerseits dieses auf jeden Ausgang (12) der Wege der Weiche (2) in Abhängigkeit vorgegebener Schwellen zum Öffnen eines oder mehrerer Ausgänge (12) verteilt und andererseits gemäß dem allgemeinen Signal die Verstärkung jedes der an diese adressierten Signale unter Beibehaltung der Phase und der Frequenzen dieses moduliert.
  4. Vorrichtung zur Schallwiedergabe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie sechs Lautsprecher umfaßt, von denen die zwei linksseitigen (9) und die zwei rechtsseitigen (4) jeweils das linke Signal (8) und das rechte Signal (7), das ihnen entspricht, empfangen, und die zwei zentral gelegenen bei gleichem Abstand (d) von den seitlichen beiden Gruppen gleichzeitig das linke und das rechte Signal empfangen.
  5. Vorrichtung zur Schallwiedergabe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie acht Lautsprecher umfaßt, die in zwei Gruppen zu vier aufgeteilt sind, wobei vier links (9) und vier rechts (4) sind, die jeweils ein Quadripol bilden und symmetrisch in bezug auf die Mittelebene (xx') angeordnet sind.
  6. Vorrichtung zur Schallwiedergabe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lautsprecher alle identisch sind und so ausgewählt sind, daß ihr Frequenzbereich für die Wiedergabe zwischen 100 Hz und 104 Hz liegt.
EP93913114A 1992-06-12 1993-06-11 Stereophonische tonwiedergabevorrichtung mit mehreren lautsprechern fur jeden kanal Expired - Lifetime EP0645070B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9207447A FR2692425B1 (fr) 1992-06-12 1992-06-12 Dispositif de reproduction sonore par multiamplification active.
FR9207447 1992-06-12
PCT/FR1993/000558 WO1993026134A1 (fr) 1992-06-12 1993-06-11 Dispositif de reproduction sonore stereophonique utilisant une pluralite de haut-parleurs dans chaque canal

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0645070A1 EP0645070A1 (de) 1995-03-29
EP0645070B1 true EP0645070B1 (de) 1997-04-09

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EP93913114A Expired - Lifetime EP0645070B1 (de) 1992-06-12 1993-06-11 Stereophonische tonwiedergabevorrichtung mit mehreren lautsprechern fur jeden kanal

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US (1) US5717766A (de)
EP (1) EP0645070B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH08502863A (de)
AT (1) ATE151585T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2137695A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69309679T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0645070T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2692425B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1993026134A1 (de)

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WO2007027893A2 (en) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-08 The Regents Of The University Of California, Santa Cruz Kernel regression for image processing and reconstruction
KR101297300B1 (ko) * 2007-01-31 2013-08-16 삼성전자주식회사 스피커 어레이를 이용한 프론트 서라운드 재생 시스템 및그 신호 재생 방법
KR101547639B1 (ko) * 2009-05-22 2015-08-27 삼성전자 주식회사 사운드 포커싱 장치 및 방법

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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US5717766A (en) 1998-02-10
DE69309679T2 (de) 1997-10-23
ATE151585T1 (de) 1997-04-15
DE69309679D1 (de) 1997-05-15
FR2692425A1 (fr) 1993-12-17
CA2137695A1 (fr) 1993-12-23
DK0645070T3 (da) 1997-10-27
JPH08502863A (ja) 1996-03-26
EP0645070A1 (de) 1995-03-29
FR2692425B1 (fr) 1997-04-25
WO1993026134A1 (fr) 1993-12-23

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