EP0643273A1 - Combustiongas-producing installation, especially hot water boiler - Google Patents

Combustiongas-producing installation, especially hot water boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0643273A1
EP0643273A1 EP94113842A EP94113842A EP0643273A1 EP 0643273 A1 EP0643273 A1 EP 0643273A1 EP 94113842 A EP94113842 A EP 94113842A EP 94113842 A EP94113842 A EP 94113842A EP 0643273 A1 EP0643273 A1 EP 0643273A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
hot water
combustion gases
suction fan
water boiler
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94113842A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0643273B1 (en
Inventor
Richard Vetter
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Publication of EP0643273A1 publication Critical patent/EP0643273A1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
    • F24D5/06—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated
    • F24D5/08—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated with hot air led through radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/06—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with draught
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2035—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/02—Ventilators in stacks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system producing combustion gases, in particular a hot water boiler system, with a suction fan for the combustion gases and with one or more downstream heat exchangers through which the combustion gases flow, in particular for underfloor, wall and ceiling heating.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the systems mentioned at the outset in such a way that the safety of these systems is increased and thus it is prevented that combustion gases can lead to any damage.
  • a vacuum gauge is assigned to the combustion chamber according to the invention and, moreover, the exhaust fan is arranged behind the last heat exchanger in the flow direction of the combustion gases.
  • the vacuum gauge is located precisely at the point at which the combustion gases are produced. If the case arises that the suction fan arranged in the manner mentioned and connected downstream of the heat exchangers no longer works or does not work sufficiently, this deficiency is immediately detected in the combustion chamber. The burner is then switched off immediately. In addition, leaks can also occur with a normally operating exhaust fan, for example in the area of the heat exchanger have occurred. In this case, too, the burner will have to be switched off because the associated vacuum cannot be established in the combustion chamber.
  • a combustion chamber in the upper part and below it a preheater for the combustion air, which has an air inlet 3 and an air outlet 4, which leads to the forwarding of the preheated air via line 5 to the burner 2.
  • the combustion or exhaust gases leave the hot water boiler at 6.
  • the exhaust gases are fed to a floor heater 7 and a wall heater 8.
  • Both heaters consist of coils, of which the coils of the floor heating 7 are arranged in a horizontal plane and the coils of the wall heating 8 are arranged in a vertical plane.
  • the coils can be free or covered, but can also be embedded in the wall or ceiling or floor.
  • the exhaust gases in the direction of arrows 9 enter the chimney system of the house, which is shown schematically in FIG. 2.
  • the exhaust gases are first led through a horizontal pipe 10 and then vertically upwards.
  • the vertical pipe section is designated 11, which carries a suction fan 12 at its upper, free end. From it, the exhaust gases are released into the atmosphere in the direction of arrow 13.
  • the pipe sections 10, 11 are arranged centrally in a larger pipe 14 which extends to close below the suction fan 12; there the outside air flows into the pipe 14 in the direction of the arrows 14 '.
  • a supply air line 16, which leads to the air inlet 3, is branched off from the horizontal lower part 15 of the tube 14. The air preheated by the hot exhaust gases is warmed up further within the hot water boiler 1 and thus reaches the burner 2 or the combustion chamber, which is not shown further.
  • the exhaust gas fan 12 provides a desired negative pressure in the exhaust line, so that the exhaust gases are removed, on the other hand, but also no exhaust gases, e.g. can escape unintentionally through the heaters 7, 8.
  • the invention provides for a vacuum check at the point farthest from the exhaust fan. This is because the vacuum measurement takes place in the combustion chamber of the hot water boiler 1, specifically at the point facing the burner 2. For this purpose, a probe or the like is used in order to be able to carry out the desired measurement at this point.

Abstract

The invention starts out from a combustion gas-producing installation, especially a hot water heating installation, having a suction fan (12) for the combustion gases and having one or more downstream heat exchangers (11, 14). In order to improve the safety of these installations and avoid the possibility of combustion gases causing damage, according to the invention the combustion chamber is assigned a vacuum gauge and, in addition, the suction fan (12) is arranged after the last heat exchanger (11, 14), seen in the flow direction of the combustion gases. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verbrennungsgase erzeugende Anlage, insb. eine Warmwasserheizkesselanlage, mit einem Absaugventilator für die Verbrennungsgase und mit einem oder mehreren nachgeschalteten, von den Verbrennungsgasen durchströmten Wärmetauschern, insb. zur Fussboden-, Wand- und und Deckenheizung.The invention relates to a system producing combustion gases, in particular a hot water boiler system, with a suction fan for the combustion gases and with one or more downstream heat exchangers through which the combustion gases flow, in particular for underfloor, wall and ceiling heating.

Eine solche Beheizung von Wärmetauschern insb. aber die Nutzung von Verbrennungsgasen zum Betreiben von Wärmetauschern bzw. Heizkörpern für Wände, Fussböden und Decken hat den grossen Vorteil, dass die Abgastemperaturen vergleichsweise stark gesenkt werden können, um so eine günstige Wärmeausbeute zu erzielen. Allerdings besteht bei derartigen Heizanlagen die Gefahr, dass schädliche Gase die Heizkörper verlasssen und dann zu Schäden führen können, zumal gasdichte Installationen schwer zu überwachen sind.Such heating of heat exchangers, in particular but the use of combustion gases to operate heat exchangers or radiators for walls, floors and ceilings, has the great advantage that the exhaust gas temperatures can be reduced comparatively sharply, so one to achieve favorable heat yield. However, there is a risk with such heating systems that harmful gases leave the radiators and then lead to damage, especially since gas-tight installations are difficult to monitor.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die eingangs erwähnten Anlagen so zu verbessern, dass die Sicherheit dieser Anlagen vegrössert und somit verhindert wird, dass Verbrennungsgase zu irgendwelchen Schäden führen können.The object of the invention is to improve the systems mentioned at the outset in such a way that the safety of these systems is increased and thus it is prevented that combustion gases can lead to any damage.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäss der Verbrennungskammer ein Unterdruckmesser zugeordnet und zudem ist der Absaugventilator in Strömungsrichtung der Verbrennungsgase hinter dem letzten Wärmetauscher angeordnet.To achieve this object, a vacuum gauge is assigned to the combustion chamber according to the invention and, moreover, the exhaust fan is arranged behind the last heat exchanger in the flow direction of the combustion gases.

Bei einer solchen Anlage ist sichergestellt, dass einerseits auch die die Verbrennungsgase führenden Kanäle der Wärmetauscher unter Unterdruck stehen, andererseits befindet sich der Unterdruckmesser gerade an der Stelle, an der die Verbrennungsgase entstehen. Ergibt sich der Fall, dass der in der erwähnten Weise angeordnete und den Wärmetauschern nachgeschaltete Absaugventilator nicht mehr oder ungenügend arbeitet, so wird dieser Mangel unverzüglich an der Brennkammer festgestellt. Der Brenner wird dann unverzüglich abgeschaltet. Darüber hinaus können aber auch bei normal arbeitendem Absaugventilator Undichtigkeiten z.B. im Bereich der Wärmetauscher eingetreten sein. Auch in diesem Fall wird der Brenner abzuschalten sein, weil sich in der Brennkammer nicht der gehörige Unterdruck einstellen kann.With such a system, it is ensured that, on the one hand, the channels of the heat exchangers carrying the combustion gases are also under vacuum, on the other hand, the vacuum gauge is located precisely at the point at which the combustion gases are produced. If the case arises that the suction fan arranged in the manner mentioned and connected downstream of the heat exchangers no longer works or does not work sufficiently, this deficiency is immediately detected in the combustion chamber. The burner is then switched off immediately. In addition, leaks can also occur with a normally operating exhaust fan, for example in the area of the heat exchanger have occurred. In this case, too, the burner will have to be switched off because the associated vacuum cannot be established in the combustion chamber.

Demgemäss werden nicht nur die Brennkammer, sondern auch die Funktionsfähigkeit der gesamten Abgasleitung und die Tüchtigkeit der Wärmetauscher überwacht.Accordingly, not only the combustion chamber, but also the functionality of the entire exhaust pipe and the efficiency of the heat exchangers are monitored.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnung erläutert, in der ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt ist. Es zeigen :

  • Fig. 1 eine Warmwasserkesselanlage in schaubildlicher Darstellung und
  • Fig. 2 die zugehörige Schornsteineinrichtung in Form eines senkrechten Schnittes durch die Wand eines Hauses.
Further details of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawing, in which an embodiment of the invention is shown. Show it :
  • Fig. 1 shows a hot water boiler system in a diagram and
  • Fig. 2 shows the associated chimney in the form of a vertical section through the wall of a house.

Innerhalb eines Warmwasserheizkessels 1 mit Brenner 2 befindet sich im oberen Teil eine Brennkammer und darunter ein Vorwärmer für die Verbrennungsluft, die einen Lufteintritt 3 und einen Luftaustritt 4 aufweist, der zur Weiterleitung der vorgewärmten Luft über die Leitung 5 zum Brenner 2 führt. Die Verbrennungs- oder Abgase verlassen den Warmwasserheizkessel bei 6.Inside a hot water boiler 1 with burner 2 there is a combustion chamber in the upper part and below it a preheater for the combustion air, which has an air inlet 3 and an air outlet 4, which leads to the forwarding of the preheated air via line 5 to the burner 2. The combustion or exhaust gases leave the hot water boiler at 6.

Zur Erzielung einer guten Wärmeausbeute werden die Abgase einer Bodenheizung 7 und einer Wandheizung 8 zugeleitet. Beide Heizungen bestehen aus Rohrschlangen, von denen die Schlangen der Bodenheizung 7 in einer waagerechten und die Rohrschlangen der Wandheizung 8 in einer senkrechten Ebene angeordnet sind. Die Rohrschlangen können dabei frei oder verdeckt, aber auch in die Wand bzw. die Decke oder Boden eingebettet sein.In order to achieve a good heat yield, the exhaust gases are fed to a floor heater 7 and a wall heater 8. Both heaters consist of coils, of which the coils of the floor heating 7 are arranged in a horizontal plane and the coils of the wall heating 8 are arranged in a vertical plane. The coils can be free or covered, but can also be embedded in the wall or ceiling or floor.

Von den beiden Heizungen 7, 8 gelangen die Abgase im Sinne der Pfeile 9 in die Schornsteinanlage des Hauses, die in Fig. 2 schematisch wiedergegeben ist. Die Abgase werden zunächst über ein waagerechtes Rohr 1o und dann senkrecht nach oben geführt. Der senkrechte Rohrabschnitt ist mit 11 bezeichnet, der an seinem oberen, freien Ende einen Absaugventilator 12 trägt. Von ihm aus gelangen die Abgase im Sinne des Pfeiles 13 ins Freie.From the two heaters 7, 8, the exhaust gases in the direction of arrows 9 enter the chimney system of the house, which is shown schematically in FIG. 2. The exhaust gases are first led through a horizontal pipe 10 and then vertically upwards. The vertical pipe section is designated 11, which carries a suction fan 12 at its upper, free end. From it, the exhaust gases are released into the atmosphere in the direction of arrow 13.

Die Rohrabschnitte 10, 11 sind zentrisch in einem grösseren Rohr 14 angeordnet, das bis nahe unterhalb des Absaugventilators 12 reicht; dort strömt die Aussenluft im Sinne der Pfeile 14' in das Rohr 14 ein. Von dem waagerechten unteren Teil 15 des Rohres 14 ist eine Zuluftleitung 16 abgezweigt, die zum Lufteintritt 3 führt. Die durch die heissen Abgase vorgewärmte Luft wird innerhalb des Warmwasserheizkessels 1 weiter angewärmt und gelangt so zum Brenner 2 bzw. in die Brennkammer, die nicht weiter dargestellt ist.The pipe sections 10, 11 are arranged centrally in a larger pipe 14 which extends to close below the suction fan 12; there the outside air flows into the pipe 14 in the direction of the arrows 14 '. A supply air line 16, which leads to the air inlet 3, is branched off from the horizontal lower part 15 of the tube 14. The air preheated by the hot exhaust gases is warmed up further within the hot water boiler 1 and thus reaches the burner 2 or the combustion chamber, which is not shown further.

Demgemäss sind insg. drei Wärmetauscher vorgesehen, um eine gesteigerte Nutzung der Abgase zu ermöglichen; einmal sind die beiden Heizungen 7, 8, zum anderen ist der Schornsteinwärmetauscher vorgesehen, der eine Vorwärmung der Verbrennungsluft ermöglicht. Dabei sorgt der Abgasventilator 12 für einen gewünschten Unterdruck in der Abgasleitung, damit eineresits die Abgase abgeführt werden, andererseits aber auch keine Abgase z.B. ungewollt über die Heizungen 7, 8 austreten können. Um dies sicherzustellen, sieht die Erfindung eine Prüfung des Unterdrucks an der Stelle vor, die am weitesten vom Absaugventilator entfernt ist. Die Unterdruckmessung findet nämlich in der Brennkammer des Warmwasserheizkessels 1, und zwar an der Stelle statt, die dem Brenner 2 zugekehrt ist,. Dazu wird eine Sonde od. dgl. benutzt, um an dieser Stelle die gewünschte Messung vornehmen zu können.Accordingly, a total of three heat exchangers are provided to enable increased use of the exhaust gases; on the one hand the two heaters 7, 8, on the other hand the chimney heat exchanger is provided, which enables the combustion air to be preheated. The exhaust gas fan 12 provides a desired negative pressure in the exhaust line, so that the exhaust gases are removed, on the other hand, but also no exhaust gases, e.g. can escape unintentionally through the heaters 7, 8. To ensure this, the invention provides for a vacuum check at the point farthest from the exhaust fan. This is because the vacuum measurement takes place in the combustion chamber of the hot water boiler 1, specifically at the point facing the burner 2. For this purpose, a probe or the like is used in order to be able to carry out the desired measurement at this point.

Stellen sich Undichtigkeiten in der Abgasleitung oder im Warmwasserheizkessel 1 ein, wird also der Unterdruck nicht eingehalten, oder arbeitet der Absaugventilator 12 nicht oder nur unzureichend, so wird dieser Tatbestand sofort vom Unterdruckmesser ermittelt. Alsdann wird in Abhängigkeit hiervon der Brenner 2 abgeschaltet, um Schäden zu vermeiden und die Möglichkeit einer Reparatur zu geben oder eine Änderung der Gesamtanlage durchführen zu können. Wichtig ist dabei in jedem Falle, dass die beiden Hauptelemente - Absaugventilator 12 einerseits und Unterdruckmesser andererseits - wirkungsmässig an entgegengesetzten Enden der Anlage angeordnet sind, um eine optimale Wirkung erreichen zu können.If there are leaks in the flue gas pipe or in the hot water boiler 1, if the negative pressure is not maintained, or if the suction fan 12 does not work or works only insufficiently, this fact is immediately determined by the negative pressure meter. Then, depending on this, the burner 2 is switched off in order to avoid damage and to give the possibility of a repair or to be able to change the entire system. In any case, it is important that the two main elements - suction fan 12 on the one hand and vacuum gauge on the other - are effectively arranged at opposite ends of the system in order to be able to achieve an optimal effect.

Claims (4)

Verbrennungsgase erzeugende Anlage, insb. Warmwasserheizkesselanlage, mit einem Absaugventilator für die Verbrennungsgase und mit einem oder mehreren, von den Verbrennungsgasen durchströmten Wärmeaustauschern, insb. für die Fussboden-, Decken, Wandheizung und Verbrennungsluftvorwärmung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Unterdruckmessung innerhalb der Brennkammer der Anlage (1) erfolgt und der Absaugventilator (12) in Strömungsrichtung der Verbrennungsgase gesehen hinter dem letzten Wärmeaustauscher (11,14) angeordnet ist.Combustion gas generating system, in particular a hot water boiler system with a suction fan for the combustion gases and with one or more heat exchangers through which the combustion gases flow, in particular for floor, ceiling, wall heating and combustion air preheating, characterized in that the vacuum measurement within the combustion chamber of the system (1) takes place and the suction fan (12), viewed in the flow direction of the combustion gases, is arranged behind the last heat exchanger (11, 14). Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, bei einer Anlage, bei der die Zuluft für die Verbrennung von der schornsteinartigen Abgasleitung (10,11) vorgewärmt ist, der Absaugventilator (12) am Ende der Abgasleitung angeordnet ist.System according to claim 1, characterized in that in a system in which the supply air for the combustion from the chimney-type exhaust pipe (10, 11) is preheated, the exhaust fan (12) is arranged at the end of the exhaust pipe. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Unterdruckmessung in dem dem Brenner (2) zugekehrten Wandbereich der Verbrennungskammer erfolgt.Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum measurement takes place in the wall area of the combustion chamber facing the burner (2). Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Wärmeaustauscher in Form von schlangenförmig verlegten, in einer Ebene angeordneten Rohren als Fussboden-, Decken- oder Wandheizungen (7,8) vorgesehen sind.Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that heat exchangers in the form of serpentine pipes arranged in one plane are provided as floor, ceiling or wall heaters (7, 8).
EP94113842A 1993-09-14 1994-09-03 Combustiongas-producing installation, especially hot water boiler Expired - Lifetime EP0643273B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4331121A DE4331121A1 (en) 1993-09-14 1993-09-14 Plant generating combustion gases, especially hot water boilers
DE4331121 1993-09-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0643273A1 true EP0643273A1 (en) 1995-03-15
EP0643273B1 EP0643273B1 (en) 1998-11-25

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EP94113842A Expired - Lifetime EP0643273B1 (en) 1993-09-14 1994-09-03 Combustiongas-producing installation, especially hot water boiler

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0643273B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE173810T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4331121A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009036927A3 (en) * 2007-09-18 2010-06-24 Kübler Gmbh Method and arrangement for heating buildings having an infrared heating system
NL2006919C2 (en) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-11 Mark Holding B V DIRECT GAS FIRED HEATING DEVICE.

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0036236A1 (en) * 1980-03-12 1981-09-23 Rheem Nederland B.V. Heating device
EP0314972A2 (en) * 1987-11-05 1989-05-10 Richard Vetter Device for heating water particularly a hot water boiler
EP0488064A1 (en) * 1990-11-29 1992-06-03 Richard Vetter Process for heating a building.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0036236A1 (en) * 1980-03-12 1981-09-23 Rheem Nederland B.V. Heating device
EP0314972A2 (en) * 1987-11-05 1989-05-10 Richard Vetter Device for heating water particularly a hot water boiler
EP0488064A1 (en) * 1990-11-29 1992-06-03 Richard Vetter Process for heating a building.

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009036927A3 (en) * 2007-09-18 2010-06-24 Kübler Gmbh Method and arrangement for heating buildings having an infrared heating system
NL2006919C2 (en) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-11 Mark Holding B V DIRECT GAS FIRED HEATING DEVICE.
EP2532978A3 (en) * 2011-06-09 2014-05-21 Mark Holding B.V. Direct gas fired heating system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE173810T1 (en) 1998-12-15
EP0643273B1 (en) 1998-11-25
DE4331121A1 (en) 1995-03-16
DE59407330D1 (en) 1999-01-07

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