EP0642596A1 - Brass alloy. - Google Patents
Brass alloy.Info
- Publication number
- EP0642596A1 EP0642596A1 EP93909801A EP93909801A EP0642596A1 EP 0642596 A1 EP0642596 A1 EP 0642596A1 EP 93909801 A EP93909801 A EP 93909801A EP 93909801 A EP93909801 A EP 93909801A EP 0642596 A1 EP0642596 A1 EP 0642596A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- weight
- lead
- alloys
- alloy according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 15
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 title description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001340 Leaded brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010120 permanent mold casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037384 skin absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000274 skin absorption Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the invention relates to a copper-based alloy with zinc as the next most common alloy component.
- Alloys of this type generally referred to as brass, are used for the production of very different technical devices and components.
- different alloying components are added to the brass alloys in order to obtain very specific properties that correspond to the respective intended use.
- the element lead is usually added to them in amounts of about 1 to 3% by weight.
- the lead means that the chips produced during machining are short-lived. This property is indispensable especially when machining workpieces on automatic machines.
- these alloys have a comparatively wide solidification range of around 150 ° C. In connection with the relatively high cooling rates during permanent mold casting, this leads to increased hot brittleness of the cast parts. Therefore, the alloys mentioned can practically only be used for sand casting processes.
- Another disadvantage of the known alloy is that a relatively high proportion of bismuth is necessary to enable machining.
- the object of the invention to provide a low-lead or lead-free alloy which is suitable for the production of components for drinking water installations and which does not have the disadvantages mentioned above.
- the alloy should also have the casting and mechanical properties necessary for the intended use.
- Water fittings for example, should have a polishable surface and sufficient pressure tightness for the pressure ranges in drinking water supply systems, properties that depend directly on the fine-grained structure of the castings.
- the components manufactured with the alloy according to the invention can be classified as practically toxicologically harmless.
- Bismuth is not known to have a cumulative toxic effect corresponding to lead.
- the toxicity of bismuth to lead is considerably lower, so that at the concentrations that occur when bismuth is transferred into drinking water, a comparatively very low health risk potential is likely to arise.
- bismuth has about 10 times less toxicity on these organisms than lead.
- Another indication of the relative non-toxicity of bismuth can be seen in the fact that bismuth is classified as not harmful to health in the DE Hazardous Substances Ordinance and is also not mentioned in standard regulations such as the TVO, in contrast to lead.
- the alloy according to the invention may depend on the degree of purity of the used Alloy components may lead to minor contamination with lead. However, these usually only reach values of at most about 0.3% by weight and are therefore rather negligible compared to the deliberately added lead additives in brass alloys containing lead.
- compositions of an alloy according to the invention are specified in subclaims 2 and 3. It should be emphasized here in particular that the addition of boron in an amount of 5 to 15 ppm can reduce the average grain size of the structure.
- alloys according to claims 4 and 5 are resistant to dezincification. Due to this property, drinking water fittings manufactured with it can also be used in areas with high water aggressiveness and generally have a longer service life.
- a melt which contained 59.78% by weight of Cu, 0.60% by weight of AI, 1.00% by weight of Bi, 13 ppm B, as impurities due to melting, 0.02% by weight of Pb, 0.01% by weight Sn, 0.02% by weight Fe, 0.01% by weight SbundZn as the balance.
- the melt was poured into test blocks and finished castings (fittings). Various standard tests were carried out with parts of the cast blocks or the finished parts:
- a dezincification sample was produced in accordance with ISO standard 6509-1981 (E).
- the dezincification test itself was carried out in accordance with Australian Standard No. 2345-1980.
- the dezincification depths found were consistently greater than 100 ⁇ m, but were in the ranges known from Gk Ms 60 Fk.
- This exemplary embodiment relates to an alloy with the following composition (% by weight):
- a depth of dezincification of 60 ⁇ m was determined for sample III, while the samples consisting of conventional Gk Ms 60 Fk had significantly higher dezincification depths.
- the Probe Plll is resistant to dezincification.
- the permissible depth of dezincification according to BS for castings is 100 ⁇ m, according to the Swedish construction standard R 8200 ⁇ m.
- PIV Cu: 64.81%, Bi: 0.33%, Mn: 0.44%, Fe: 0.039%, B: 0.0015%, Ni: ⁇ 0.01%, Si: 0.53%, Sn: ⁇ 0.01%, Pb: ⁇ 0.01%, AI: 0.53%, Zn: rest.
- PV Cu: 64.83%, Bi: 0.53%, Fe: 0.049%, Mn: 0.40%.
- the remaining alloy components correspond to those of PIV.
- castings were cast under normal manufacturing conditions. These castings were first subjected to machine cylindrical grinding, finish and fine grinding by hand and finally to polishing which was carried out both mechanically and by hand.
- the parts were introduced into normal production and weighed raw and after each of the processes mentioned. there it was found that, compared to castings made from conventional brass Gk Ms 60 Fk, the material removal by machine grinding was significantly less.
- the surface quality of the parts produced with the alloy according to the invention was better than that of conventional castings, which resulted from a lower number of complaints after the first grinding or polishing process.
- the above-mentioned samples PIV and PV were also subjected to fracture tests in order to examine the microstructure for voids and "sponge areas". All samples were free of such structural defects.
- the microstructure of the alloy corresponding to PIV and PV was determined using standard metallographic methods.
- the structure had an essentially globulitic grain structure with an average grain size of about 35 ⁇ m.
- the maximum grain size was below 100 ⁇ m.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4218513 | 1992-06-02 | ||
DE4218513 | 1992-06-02 | ||
DE4240880 | 1992-12-04 | ||
DE4240880 | 1992-12-04 | ||
DE4312484 | 1993-04-16 | ||
DE4312484 | 1993-04-16 | ||
DE4312466 | 1993-04-16 | ||
DE4312466 | 1993-04-16 | ||
PCT/DE1993/000468 WO1993024670A1 (en) | 1992-06-02 | 1993-05-28 | Brass alloy |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0642596A1 true EP0642596A1 (en) | 1995-03-15 |
EP0642596B1 EP0642596B1 (en) | 1995-11-02 |
Family
ID=27435479
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93909801A Expired - Lifetime EP0642596B1 (en) | 1992-06-02 | 1993-05-28 | Brass alloy |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0642596B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2793041B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100191702B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU669406B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9306475A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2137135A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59300867D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2082644T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK107096A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993024670A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018076165A1 (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-05-03 | 广东伟强铜业科技有限公司 | Free-cutting brass alloy and manufacturing method therefor |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE178362T1 (en) * | 1993-04-22 | 1999-04-15 | Federalloy Inc | SANITARY FACILITIES |
DE4438485C2 (en) * | 1994-10-28 | 1998-05-20 | Wieland Werke Ag | Use of a copper-zinc alloy for drinking water installations |
JP2003277855A (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-10-02 | San-Etsu Metals Co Ltd | Lead-free, free-cutting brass alloy material and production method thereof |
JP4620963B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2011-01-26 | Dowaホールディングス株式会社 | Brass, manufacturing method thereof, and parts using the same |
WO2009047919A1 (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2009-04-16 | Toto Ltd. | Lead-free free-cutting brass excelling in castability |
WO2009048008A1 (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2009-04-16 | Toto Ltd. | Lead-free, free-machining brass having excellent castability |
JP5513230B2 (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2014-06-04 | サンエツ金属株式会社 | Copper-base alloy for casting |
CN101876012B (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2015-01-21 | 路达(厦门)工业有限公司 | Brass alloy with excellent stress corrosion resistance and manufacture method thereof |
TWI398532B (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2013-06-11 | Modern Islands Co Ltd | Lead-free brass alloy |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE889984C (en) * | 1944-02-11 | 1953-09-14 | Wieland Werke Ag | Use of copper-zinc alloys for workpieces to be machined |
JPS54135618A (en) * | 1978-04-13 | 1979-10-22 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co | Cuttable presssformable brass bismuth alloy |
GB8724311D0 (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1987-11-18 | Imi Yorkshire Fittings | Fittings |
US5288458A (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1994-02-22 | Olin Corporation | Machinable copper alloys having reduced lead content |
US5137685B1 (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1995-09-26 | Olin Corp | Machinable copper alloys having reduced lead content |
-
1993
- 1993-05-28 ES ES93909801T patent/ES2082644T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-28 EP EP93909801A patent/EP0642596B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-28 JP JP6500087A patent/JP2793041B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-28 BR BR9306475A patent/BR9306475A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-28 WO PCT/DE1993/000468 patent/WO1993024670A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-05-28 AU AU53404/94A patent/AU669406B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-05-28 KR KR1019940704212A patent/KR100191702B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-28 CA CA 2137135 patent/CA2137135A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-05-28 DE DE59300867T patent/DE59300867D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-06-19 HK HK107096A patent/HK107096A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9324670A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018076165A1 (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-05-03 | 广东伟强铜业科技有限公司 | Free-cutting brass alloy and manufacturing method therefor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH08503520A (en) | 1996-04-16 |
DE59300867D1 (en) | 1995-12-07 |
EP0642596B1 (en) | 1995-11-02 |
JP2793041B2 (en) | 1998-09-03 |
BR9306475A (en) | 1998-06-30 |
ES2082644T3 (en) | 1996-03-16 |
KR100191702B1 (en) | 1999-06-15 |
HK107096A (en) | 1996-06-28 |
WO1993024670A1 (en) | 1993-12-09 |
AU669406B2 (en) | 1996-06-06 |
AU5340494A (en) | 1993-12-30 |
CA2137135A1 (en) | 1993-12-09 |
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