EP0640439B1 - Apparatus for the surface treatment of large, free-standing and essentially horizontal floor surfaces of objects, especially ships - Google Patents

Description

• einem Fahrgestell und
• einer Strahlkapsel, die mit dem Fahrgestell verbunden ist und in der sich wenigstens eine Oberflächenbehandlungseinrichtung befindet.

The invention relates to a device for surface treatment of large, exposed, essentially horizontal floor surfaces of objects, in particular ships

• a chassis and
• a blasting capsule which is connected to the chassis and in which there is at least one surface treatment device.

From US-A-3 548 541 a device for surface treatment is known, which consists of a chassis, a blasting chamber with a surface treatment device and a mast boom. With a hydraulic device, the processing angle of the boom with respect to the vehicle frame and that of the blasting chamber with respect to the mast can be changed.

Even if an exposed floor area of a ship can be treated with this device, the changing processing height, ie the distance between the floor area of the ship and the essentially flat standing area, can only be compensated for by changing the mast angle, with the consequence of the instability of the chassis. Bumps or slight curvatures Floor area can also only be compensated for by changing the angle of the blasting capsule. Despite this very complex adaptation action, a clean treatment of the surface is not possible.

A device for a surface treatment is also known from DE-A-36 29 623 A1. It consists of a chassis with a support and a cabin mounted on the support. The cabin is open on the side facing the property and is provided with sealing elements all around. A centrifugal wheel is arranged inside the cabin. Aircraft bodies are cleaned and blasted. The used abrasive is reprocessed by a connected abrasive preparation system. In order to be able to travel along the surface with the cabin, the support in the chassis can be pivoted from 0 - about 90 ° and the cabin on the mast about its axis by about 270 °.

Although this device has proven itself in the surface treatment of aircraft, it is not suitable in this form for exposed, essentially horizontal surfaces of ships. The support would have to work with an inclination of 0 ° and a cabin angled by 90 °. This would lead to the chassis tipping over due to the one-sided load. In addition, an operator in the cabin would have to perform all of the operations in the supine position. In addition, rebounding abrasive would severely restrict the operator's view.

The invention has for its object to provide a device for surface treatment of large exposed substantially horizontal surfaces of objects, in particular ships, which enables simple and safe handling.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that a scissor joint device with an overlying three-dimensionally movable spring-joint device is arranged between the chassis and the blasting capsule.

• a) einen sich durch eine hohe Neigung und Krümmung der Wände auszeichnenden Bugbereich,
• b) einen sich durch im wesentlichen senkrechte Wände auszeichnenden Mittelbereich,
• c) einen sich durch starke Ein- und Ausbuchtungen bzw. vorstehende Teile (Schiffsschraube) auszeichnenden Heckbereich und
• d) einen im wesentlichen geraden horizontal liegenden Bodenbereich.

A ship is divided into the following processing sections for surface treatment:

• a) a bow area characterized by a high inclination and curvature of the walls,
• b) a central region characterized by essentially vertical walls,
• c) a stern area characterized by strong indentations and bulges or protruding parts (propeller) and
• d) an essentially straight, horizontal floor area.

The advantages achieved by the invention when machining an essentially straight horizontal or horizontal bottom area of a ship consist in particular in that it is possible to move as far as possible to the bottom surface under the ship, to direct the blasting capsule to the bottom area and to use the spring Press the hinge device precisely onto it. It is thus possible that the surface treatment device inside the blasting capsule can easily, reliably and precisely grasp the entire floor area and process it accordingly. If the area of the bottom of the ship corresponding to the size of the blasting capsule is treated, the next area is treated by moving the chassis. So this way treated the entire difficult to access surface of the bottom of the ship.

It is advantageous if the scissor joint device consists of a scissor-type frame, which is composed of scissor bar elements movable in scissor and / or scissor pivot points, a scissor base element and an upper scissor element. This makes it possible to guide the blasting chamber vertically upwards from the vehicle plane to the bottom of the ship. Of course, it is also possible to use hydraulic cylinders instead of the scissor-type joint device, which are actuated individually in coordination with one another.

• wenn das erste Stangenelement- das erste Scherenstangenelement im ersten Scherendrehpunkt drehverschieblich in einer Langloch-Ausnehmung im und das zweite Scherenstangenelement im zweiten Scherendrehpunkt drehbeweglich am Scherengrundelement und
• das vorletzte Scherenstangenelement im vorletzten Scherendrehpunkt am und das letzte Scherenstangenelement am letzten Scherendrehpunkt in einer Schlitzausnehmung im Scherenoberelement drehverschieblich angeordnet sind.

It is advantageous

• when the first rod element - the first scissor rod element in the first scissor pivot point in a slot in the slot and the second scissor rod element in the second scissor pivot point on the scissor base element and
• the penultimate scissor bar element at the penultimate scissor pivot point and the last scissor bar element at the last scissor pivot point in a slot recess in the scissor upper element are arranged so as to be rotatable.

This ensures that the blasting chamber moves vertically upwards exactly parallel to the scissor base element resting on the chassis. This prevents canting or shifting.

It is advantageous if the universal joint is connected to the center of the scissor element and the springs are connected to the lower periphery of the blasting capsule. The blasting capsule thus held and sprung can adapt to any curvatures or deformations of the bottom of the ship when it is pushed up, so that it is ensured that all parts of the very large floor area are treated effectively and sufficiently.

It is advantageous if roller elements are arranged opposite the springs. These roller elements ensure that the blasting capsule can be moved along the surface of the ship's floor.

It is advantageous if the blasting capsule with the scissor-joint device and the spring-joint device are arranged in front of a driver's cabin. This enables the operator to control the precise manner and level of the process of the blasting cabinet.

It is advantageous if the blasting capsule is connected to a suction delivery hose and at least one blasting agent hose on the surface treatment device designed as a blasting nozzle with an oscillator drive. This ensures that the blasting process takes place dust-free and that the blasting medium is circulated and processed. In contrast to the commonly used one-way blasting media, this allows blasting with multi-way blasting media - preferably with steel blasting media. In contrast to single-use blasting media - usually copper slag - this steel blasting media can be reused up to two hundred and fifty times. As a result, the blasting process as a whole is environmentally friendly and, in particular, considerably more economical.

It is advantageous if the blasting capsule is surrounded on its open side with sealing elements. These sealing elements ensure that the blasting agent is held within the blasting cubicle and suctioned off accordingly. It is advantageous if the sealing elements are a combined rubber / brush cover. This ensures that when the Blasting media can draw enough air without blasting media leaving the blasting chamber. It has proven to be advantageous if the combined rubber / brush cover is additionally provided with magnets. These magnets ensure that the seal clings tightly and intimately to the surface of the surface to be treated in this case the ship's bottom.

It is advantageous if the driver's cabin is not higher than the uppermost point (sealing elements 23) of the lowered blasting capsule. The chassis is advantageously moved forward by chains. Of course, it is also possible to use wheels or the like instead of the chains. The selected dimensions ensure that the entire device can move freely and safely under the ship's floor.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

ein Schiff in einer schematischen Seitenansicht,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung eines Mittelschiffsbereichs entlang einer Linie II - II,

Fig. 3

eine Strahlvorrichtung für einen Bodenbereich eines Schiffes in einer schematischen perspektivischen Darstellung,

Fig. 4

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Strahlmittelvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 3 und

Fig. 5

eine Scherengelenkeinrichtung mit einer Strahlmittelvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 3 und 4 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a ship in a schematic side view,

Fig. 2

2 shows a schematic representation of a central aisle area along a line II-II,

Fig. 3

a blasting device for a floor area of a ship in a schematic perspective view,

Fig. 4

is a schematic side view of an abrasive device according to FIG. 3 and

Fig. 5

a scissor joint device with a blasting agent device according to FIGS. 3 and 4 in a schematic side view.

• a) einen Bugbereich 1.1
  der sich durch schräg abgewinkelte bzw. stark gekrümmte Flächen einer Schiffswand 2 auszeichnet,
• b) einen Mittelbereich 1.2
  der durch sehr hohe im wesentlichen gerade senkrechte Wände gekennzeichnet ist,
• c) einen Heckbereich 1.3
  dessen Schiffswand 2 stark gekrümmt und abgewinkelt ist und dessen Bearbeitungsmöglichkeiten darüberhinaus durch eine Schiffsschraube 3 erschwert werden,
• d) einen Bodenbereich 1.4
  der im wesentlichen frei über den Pallen 4.1, ... 4.n liegt.

If the surface of a hull 1 is to be treated accordingly, e.g. B. blasted and / or sprayed, the ship is taken out of the water and z. B. set up in a dry dock. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the ship is supported on pads 4.1,... 4.n both downwards and sideways (not shown). For treatment, the hull 1 is divided into the following areas:

• a) a bow area 1.1
  which is characterized by obliquely angled or strongly curved surfaces of a ship's wall 2,
• b) a central area 1.2
  which is characterized by very high, essentially straight, vertical walls,
• c) a rear area 1.3
  the ship's wall 2 is strongly curved and angled and its processing options are further complicated by a ship's propeller 3,
• d) a floor area 1.4
  which is essentially free above the pads 4.1, ... 4.n.

The palls are arranged according to a ship-specific pale plan. This is related to the ship's statics. Since ships are to be blasted and coated at regular intervals, the pads are arranged at a different location during a subsequent anti-corrosion treatment and then the previously occupied location is blasted.

To ensure even treatment of the floor area with several successive surface treatments To ensure 1.4, the pads 4.1, ... 4.n are arranged accordingly offset.

A blasting device which can be used for the bottom region 1.4 is shown in FIGS. 3 to 5.

• einem Fahrgestell 20 und
• einer Strahlkapsel 22.

It essentially consists of

• a chassis 20 and
• a blasting capsule 22.

The chassis 20 is freely movable by a chain undercarriage 11. A driver's cabin 7 is located above the chain undercarriage 11, in which the driving lever 8 and a seat element 15 are arranged. A lamp 6 is installed on the driver's cabin 7. A motor drive 5 is located in front of a window element 17.

A scissor base element 18 is arranged on the chassis 20 in front of the driver's cabin 7. There are scissor bar elements 25.1, ... 25.n, which are movable in scissor pivot points 26.1, ... 26.n and scissor cross pivot points 27.1 ... 27.n. A scissor upper element 28 is arranged above the scissor bar elements 25.1, ... 25.n. In this scissor joint device, the first scissor bar element 25.1 is rotatably and longitudinally displaceable in an elongated hole 30 of the scissor base element and the last scissor bar element 25.n in a slot recess 31 of the scissor upper element is likewise arranged so as to be rotatable and longitudinally movable, while the second scissor bar element 25.2 and the penultimate scissor bar element 25.n. -1 in the second or penultimate scissor pivot point 26.2 or 26.n-1 on the scissor base element 18 or on the scissor upper element 28 can only be rotated. This ensures that when the rods are actuated, the upper scissor element 28 always moves parallel to the basic scissor element 18. The upper scissor element 28 is in its center Z 'over a Cardan joint 29 connected to the center Z of a smooth element 19. At the periphery P of the plate element 19 springs 12.1, 12.2 are arranged, which are attached with their opposite side to the lower periphery P 'of the blasting capsule 22. Opposite the springs, roller elements 24.1 and 24.2 are fastened on the other side. It is possible to attach the rollers 24.1, 24.2 to all four corners of the blasting chamber 22 or in the middle thereof. Whether two, four or more roles are used depends on the respective application.

The essentially open side of the blasting capsule 22 is surrounded by sealing elements 23. Combined rubber / brush seals, which are additionally equipped with permanent magnets, are advantageously used here. This measure ensures that the blasting capsule 22 clings very intimately to the bottom of the ship and prevents individual steel grains from escaping. One or two oscillating jet nozzles 21.1 and 21.2 are arranged in the blasting chamber 22 itself. Your location is preferably selected so that the cleanest possible surface can be created during the blasting process. Both blasting nozzles 21.1 and 21.2 are connected to a blasting hose 10. In order to be able to extract the blasting medium after blasting, a vacuum suction system 14 and a blasting medium delivery hose are provided. The blasting agent conveying hose 9 and the blasting hoses 10 are connected to a blasting preparation system.

The self-propelled blasting device described in this way is suitable for processing not only the bottom area of a ship, but also other essentially flat, large areas.

The mode of operation of the blasting device as it results from the illustrated embodiment is explained:

The chassis 20 is positioned below the ship wall 2 of the floor area 1.4 by the operator sitting in the driver's cabin 7. Since the blasting capsule 22 can be moved and resiliently supported on both sides in the universal joint 29 and the springs 12.1 and 12.2 and can be displaced upwards on the movable scissor linkage 13, it is adjusted upwards at a driving speed of preferably 0 to 6 m per minute and at the Surface of the ship's floor positioned in the floor area 1.2. The mobility of the blasting capsule 22 on the ship's floor is expanded by the roller elements 24.1 and 24.2, which also function as spacers.

The blasting power itself depends on the nature of the surface to be blasted or on the required degree of purity. On average, beam outputs of up to 20 m ² / hour are realistic. In the exemplary embodiment, the jet nozzles 21.1 and 21.2 are fastened in the jet capsule in such a way that they are oscillating via a lifting rod and can be moved laterally in a jet path of 800-1000 mm. The oscillation speed is about 20 m / min. This ensures good coverage. The blasted blasting medium - preferably blasting blasting medium - and the dedusting via the vacuum system 14 are carried out with an integrated filter via the suction conveyor hose 9. A mechanical pre-separator, which also functions as a cleaning section, is interposed between the blasting capsule 22 and the flexible, highly abrasion-resistant suction delivery hose 9. The blasting agent cleaned in this way gets back into a pressure blasting container and is removed from there out via the blasting hoses 10 back to the blasting nozzles 21.1 and 21.2 in the blasting capsule 22.

The blasting capsule 22 is adequately secured to the blasting surface of the ship's wall 2 in the floor area 1.4 by the circumferential sealing elements 23 such that, on the one hand, no blasting agent can escape from the blasting capsule 22 and, in addition, sufficient air is drawn into the capsule from the outside by the high vacuum of the suction conveyor system. It is essential that the entire blasting process takes place dust-free and that the blasting medium is circulated and processed. As a result, it is advantageously possible to use a reusable blasting medium, preferably steel blasting medium, instead of the previously used one-way blasting medium. In contrast to single-use blasting media - usually copper slag - the steel blasting media can be reused up to two hundred and fifty times.

• A. Hohe Wirtschaftlichkeit durch Verwendung von Mehrwegstrahlmitteln,
• B. konsequente Einhaltung der Umweltschutzforderungen durch Staubfreiheit und Abfallreduzierung,
• C. mechanisches und fernbedientes mannloses Strahlen und
• D. Leistungssteigerung durch erhöhte Strahlleistung und Vermeidung von besonderen Einkapselungen.

Overall, it should be noted that the use of the blasting device according to the invention makes the blasting process overall more environmentally friendly and, in particular, significantly more progressive, in particular due to the following advantages:

• A. High economy through the use of reusable blasting media,
• B. consistent compliance with environmental protection requirements through dust-free and waste reduction,
• C. mechanical and remote controlled unmanned blasting and
• D. Increase in performance through increased beam power and avoidance of special encapsulations.

Reference symbol list:

1.

Hull

1.1

Bow area

1.2

Middle range

1.3

Rear area

1.4

Floor area

2nd

Ship wall

3rd

Propeller

4.1, ... 4.n

Pallen

5

Motor drive

6

lamp

7

Driver's cabin

8th

Driver lever

9

Suction conveyor hose

10th

Blasting hose

11

Chain undercarriage

12.1, 12.2

feathers

13

Scissors frame

14

Vacuum suction system

15

Seating element

17th

Remote control

18th

Scissor belt element

19th

Plate element

20th

chassis

21.1, 21.2

Jet nozzle

22

Blasting capsule

23

Sealing element

24.1, 24.2

Role element

25.1, ... 25.n

Scissor bar element

26.1, ... 26.n

Pivot point

27.1, ... 27.n

Scissor cross pivot

28

Top scissors element

29

universal joint

30th

Elongated hole

31

Slot recess

Z, Z '

center

P, P '

Periphery

Claims (12)

1. A device for surface treatment of large exposed substantially horizontal bottom surfaces of objects, particularly ships, and comprising

   - a chassis (20) and

   - a blasting capsule (22) connected to the chassis (20) and containing at least one surface-treating device (21.1, 21.2), characterised in that a scissor joint device (13, 18, 28) is disposed between the chassis (20) and the blasting capsule (22) below a spring-joint device (12.1, 12.2, 16, 19, 29) movable in three dimensions.
2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the scissor joint device (13, 18, 28) comprises a scissor frame (13) made up of scissor bar elements (25.1, ... 25.n) movable from the scissors and/or scissor cross-pivots (26.1, ... 26n; 27.1, ... 27n) and also comprises a scissor base element (18) and a scissor upper element (28).
3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that

   - the first scissor bar element (25.1) is disposed in the first scissor pivot (26.1) so as to be movable in rotation in a slot (30) and the second scissor bar element (25.2) is disposed in the second scissor pivot (26.6) so as to be movable in rotation in the scissor base element (18) and the penultimate scissor bar element (25.n-1) is disposed in the penultimate scissor pivot (26.n-1) and the last scissor bar element (25.n) is disposed in the last scissor pivot (26.n) in a slit (31) so as to be movable in rotation in the upper scissor element (28).
4. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the spring-joint device comprises a plate element (19) having a universal joint (29) at its centre (Z) and springs (12.1, 12.2) on its upper periphery (P).
5. A device according to claims 1 - 4, characterised in that the universal joint (29) is connected to the centre of the upper scissor element (28) and the springs (12.1, 12.2) are connected to the bottom periphery (P') of the blasting capsule (22).
6. A device according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that roller elements (24.1, 24.2) are disposed opposite the springs (12.1, 12.2).
7. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the blasting capsule (22) and the scissor joint device (13, 18, 19) and the spring-joint device (12.1, 12.2, 19, 29) are disposed in front of a driver's cab (7).
8. A device according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the blasting capsule (22) is connected via a suction delivery hose (9) and at least one blasting-medium hose (10) to the blasting-nozzle of the surface-treatment device, which is equipped with an oscillator drive (21.1, 21.2).
9. A device according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the open side of the blasting capsule (22) is surrounded by sealing elements (23).
10. A device according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the sealing elements (23) are in the form of a combined rubber and brush seal.
11. A device according to claim 10, characterised in that the combined rubber and brush seal is additionally provided with magnets.
12. A device according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the driver's cab (7) is not higher than the topmost point (sealing elements 23) of the lowered blasting capsule.

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