EP0639845B1 - Four pole differential circuit breaker - Google Patents

Four pole differential circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0639845B1
EP0639845B1 EP19940410053 EP94410053A EP0639845B1 EP 0639845 B1 EP0639845 B1 EP 0639845B1 EP 19940410053 EP19940410053 EP 19940410053 EP 94410053 A EP94410053 A EP 94410053A EP 0639845 B1 EP0639845 B1 EP 0639845B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contacts
switch
phase
bar
neutral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19940410053
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0639845A1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Dardare
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric SE
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Schneider Electric SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric SE filed Critical Schneider Electric SE
Publication of EP0639845A1 publication Critical patent/EP0639845A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0639845B1 publication Critical patent/EP0639845B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/002—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00 with provision for switching the neutral conductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/02—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switch four-pole differential with four fixed contacts and four corresponding movable contacts arranged in line and comprising a differential sensor arranged for detect a leakage current and to transmit a signal corresponding to a connected control device to said sensor, this device being coupled to a mechanism release to activate a switching rod bearing the moving contacts of the switch.
  • the differential sensor In differential switches of this type (see for example FR-A-2 478 368), the differential sensor generally consists of a toroidal winding surrounding the supply conductors of the electric current and the controller is a relay which powers the trigger mechanism at when the sensor transmits its signal. This happens as soon as the sum of the currents in the conductors is not zero, which means that the circuit leaks to the earth.
  • the mechanism of trigger usually involves a lever which releases the bar carrying the movable contacts for allow the opening of said switch contacts.
  • the switch bar had the same configuration for the four contacts, it would be impossible to predict the order in which the switch contacts differential would close when a current of leak is detected.
  • the current differential switches are designed so that the contact corresponding to neutral closes before contacts corresponding to the phases.
  • the switching rod carrying the contacts mobile is constructed in such a way that the gap between mobile and fixed contacts which correspond to neutral is smaller than the differences between the contacts corresponding to the phases. In this way, at the time of tripping, it is guaranteed that the closing sequence contacts is the one we want, namely in order: neutral - phase - phase - phase.
  • phase - phase - neutral - phase is also tolerated.
  • phase - phase - neutral - phase is also tolerated.
  • phase - phase - neutral - phase is prohibited: phase - phase - neutral - phase, and phase - phase - phase - neutral, because that they generate compound tensions.
  • the present invention proposes to overcome these disadvantages by making a switch of the type mentioned above which removes both the increase production and storage costs and risks mounting errors for the user.
  • the differential switch four-pole characterized in that said bar includes means for reducing the gap between moving contacts and fixed contacts correspondents arranged at both ends of said contact line.
  • said means have peripheral bulges on the switching bar.
  • the four-pole differential switch 10 includes a housing 11 provided with four input terminals 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d, and four output terminals 13a, 13b, 13c and 13d.
  • the input terminals are, for example, respectively connected to fixed contacts 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d
  • the output terminals are, in this case, respectively connected to movable contacts 15a, 15b, 15c and 15d.
  • the fixed contacts are arranged on conductive elements connected respectively to the terminals entry.
  • the movable contacts are mounted in a way known per se on a rotary switching rod 16 around its axis which is coupled to a mechanism of trigger 17 also known.
  • This bar has the function of a camshaft, the movable contacts being biased against these cams by means of springs thrust.
  • the geometric shape of these cams which present in the form of a peripheral bulge respectively 18, 19, defines the distance between the contacts mobiles and the corresponding fixed contacts.
  • These bulges can be made by molding or machining and are in one piece with the switch bar. They can also be made up of elements reported.
  • Figure 2 shows the construction more precisely and the arrangement of the mobile contacts 15a, 15b, 15c and 15d. It can be seen that the end contacts 15a and 15d are offset from the central contacts 15b and 15c. This difference, which generates a different difference, is due to the bulges 18 and 19 formed on the periphery of the bar 16.
  • FIG. 3 represents a fixed contact, for example 14a or 14b, and two corresponding movable contacts, by example 15a and 15b.
  • the distance separating the contacts 14a and 15a is less than the distance between the contacts 14b and 15b.
  • the gap separating contacts 14d and 15d is less than the separation distance contacts 14c and 15c, that is to say that the deviations of contacts arranged at both ends of the line contacts, or at both ends of the case, are less than the deviations of the central contacts, which achieves the target.

Landscapes

  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un interrupteur différentiel tétrapolaire pourvu de quatre contacts fixes et de quatre contacts mobiles correspondants disposés en ligne et comportant un capteur différentiel agencé pour détecter un courant de fuite et pour transmettre un signal correspondant à un dispositif de commande connecté audit capteur, ce dispositif étant couplé à un mécanisme de déclenchement pour actionner un barreau de commutation portant les contacts mobiles de l'interrupteur.The present invention relates to a switch four-pole differential with four fixed contacts and four corresponding movable contacts arranged in line and comprising a differential sensor arranged for detect a leakage current and to transmit a signal corresponding to a connected control device to said sensor, this device being coupled to a mechanism release to activate a switching rod bearing the moving contacts of the switch.

Dans les interrupteurs différentiels de ce type (voir par exemple FR-A-2 478 368), le capteur différentiel est généralement constitué par un enroulement torique entourant les conducteurs d'amenée du courant électrique et le dispositif de commande est un relais qui alimente le mécanisme de déclenchement au moment où le capteur transmet son signal. Ceci se produit dès que la somme des courants dans les conducteurs d'amenée n'est pas nulle, ce qui signifie que le circuit présente une fuite vers la terre. Le mécanisme de déclenchement comporte habituellement un levier qui libère le barreau portant les contacts mobiles pour permettre l'ouverture desdits contacts de l'interrupteur.In differential switches of this type (see for example FR-A-2 478 368), the differential sensor generally consists of a toroidal winding surrounding the supply conductors of the electric current and the controller is a relay which powers the trigger mechanism at when the sensor transmits its signal. This happens as soon as the sum of the currents in the conductors is not zero, which means that the circuit leaks to the earth. The mechanism of trigger usually involves a lever which releases the bar carrying the movable contacts for allow the opening of said switch contacts.

Si le barreau de commutation avait la même configuration pour les quatre contacts, il serait impossible de prédire l'ordre dans lequel les contacts de l'interrupteur différentiel se fermeraient au moment où un courant de fuite est détecté. Or, il est indispensable d'empêcher l'application de tensions composées sur des récepteurs monophasés, ces tensions étant dues au fait que deux contacts correspondant à des phases se ferment avant le contact correspondant au neutre. A cet effet, les interrupteurs différentiels actuels sont conçus pour que le contact correspondant au neutre se ferme avant les contacts correspondant aux phases. Pour atteindre cet objectif, le barreau de commutation portant les contacts mobiles est construit de telle manière que l'écart entre les contacts mobile et fixe qui correspondent au neutre soit plus faible que les écarts entre les contacts correspondant aux phases. De cette façon, au moment du déclenchement, on garantit que la séquence de fermeture des contacts est bien celle que l'on souhaite, à savoir dans l'ordre : neutre - phase - phase - phase.If the switch bar had the same configuration for the four contacts, it would be impossible to predict the order in which the switch contacts differential would close when a current of leak is detected. However, it is essential to prevent applying compound voltages to receivers single-phase, these voltages being due to the fact that two contacts corresponding to phases close before contact corresponding to neutral. To this end, the current differential switches are designed so that the contact corresponding to neutral closes before contacts corresponding to the phases. To achieve this objective, the switching rod carrying the contacts mobile is constructed in such a way that the gap between mobile and fixed contacts which correspond to neutral is smaller than the differences between the contacts corresponding to the phases. In this way, at the time of tripping, it is guaranteed that the closing sequence contacts is the one we want, namely in order: neutral - phase - phase - phase.

La séquence ci-dessus est considérée comme idéale. Néanmoins, la séquence ci-après est également tolérée phase - neutre - phase - phase. En revanche, les séquences suivantes sont interdites : phase - phase - neutre - phase, et phase - phase - phase - neutre, parce qu'elles engendrent des tensions composées.The above sequence is considered ideal. However, the following sequence is also tolerated phase - neutral - phase - phase. However, the The following sequences are prohibited: phase - phase - neutral - phase, and phase - phase - phase - neutral, because that they generate compound tensions.

Il se trouve que dans certains pays la borne du neutre est localisée à l'extrémité gauche du boítier de l'interrupteur tétrapolaire alors que dans certains autres pays cette borne est localisée à l'extrémité droite du boítier. Ceci impose à la fois une fabrication distincte en fonction du marché et un stockage séparé des produits destinés à tel ou tel autre marché, et engendre un risque d'erreur pour le monteur électricien.It turns out that in some countries the neutral bound is located at the left end of the housing the four-pole switch while in some other countries this terminal is located at the end right of the housing. This requires both manufacturing separate according to market and separate storage of products intended for such or such other market, and generates a risk of error for the electrician.

La présente invention se propose de pallier ces inconvénients en réalisant un interrupteur du type mentionné ci-dessus qui supprime à la fois l'augmentation de coût à la production et au stockage et les risques d'erreurs de montage pour l'utilisateur.The present invention proposes to overcome these disadvantages by making a switch of the type mentioned above which removes both the increase production and storage costs and risks mounting errors for the user.

Ce but est atteint par l'interrupteur différentiel tétrapolaire selon l'invention, caractérisé en ce que ledit barreau comporte des moyens pour réduire l'écart entre les contacts mobiles et les contacts fixes correspondants disposés aux deux extrémités de ladite ligne de contacts.This goal is achieved by the differential switch four-pole according to the invention, characterized in that said bar includes means for reducing the gap between moving contacts and fixed contacts correspondents arranged at both ends of said contact line.

De cette façon on s'assure que l'un au moins des deux contacts d'extrémité s'ouvre avant les deux contacts centraux.This way we make sure that at least one of the two end contacts open before the two contacts central.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, lesdits moyens comportent des renflements périphériques ménagés sur le barreau de commutation.According to a preferred embodiment, said means have peripheral bulges on the switching bar.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise en référence à la description d'un mode de réalisation préféré donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente un schéma illustrant le principe de fonctionnement de l'interrupteur selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 représente une vue en perspective illustrant essentiellement les contours du boítier et les contacts mobiles de l'interrupteur selon l'invention, et
  • la figure 3 représente une vue en élévation illustrant les positions respectives des différents contacts mobiles par rapport aux contacts fixes correspondants de l'interrupteur selon l'invention.
    • The present invention will be better understood with reference to the description of a preferred embodiment given by way of nonlimiting example and to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a diagram illustrating the operating principle of the switch according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 represents a perspective view essentially illustrating the contours of the housing and the movable contacts of the switch according to the invention, and
  • Figure 3 shows an elevational view illustrating the respective positions of the various movable contacts relative to the corresponding fixed contacts of the switch according to the invention.

    • En référence aux figures, et plus particulièrement à la figure 1, l'interrupteur différentiel tétrapolaire 10 comporte un boítier 11 pourvu de quatre bornes d'entrée 12a, 12b, 12c et 12d, et de quatre bornes de sortie 13a, 13b, 13c et 13d. Les bornes d'entrée sont, par exemple, respectivement reliées à des contacts fixes 14a, 14b, 14c et 14d, et les bornes de sortie sont, dans ce cas, respectivement reliées à des contacts mobiles 15a, 15b, 15c et 15d. Les contacts fixes sont disposés sur des éléments conducteurs reliés respectivement aux bornes d'entrée. Les contacts mobiles sont montés d'une manière connue en soi sur un barreau de commutation 16 rotatif autour de son axe qui est couplé à un mécanisme de déclenchement 17 également connu. Ce barreau a la fonction d'un arbre à cames, les contacts mobiles étant sollicités en appui contre ces cames au moyen de ressorts de poussée. La forme géométrique de ces cames, qui se présentent sous la forme d'un renflement périphérique respectivement 18, 19, définit l'écart entre les contacts mobiles et les contacts fixes correspondants. Ces renflements peuvent être réalisés par moulage ou usinage et sont d'une pièce avec le barreau de commutation. Ils peuvent également être constitués par des éléments rapportés.With reference to the figures, and more particularly to the Figure 1, the four-pole differential switch 10 includes a housing 11 provided with four input terminals 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d, and four output terminals 13a, 13b, 13c and 13d. The input terminals are, for example, respectively connected to fixed contacts 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d, and the output terminals are, in this case, respectively connected to movable contacts 15a, 15b, 15c and 15d. The fixed contacts are arranged on conductive elements connected respectively to the terminals entry. The movable contacts are mounted in a way known per se on a rotary switching rod 16 around its axis which is coupled to a mechanism of trigger 17 also known. This bar has the function of a camshaft, the movable contacts being biased against these cams by means of springs thrust. The geometric shape of these cams, which present in the form of a peripheral bulge respectively 18, 19, defines the distance between the contacts mobiles and the corresponding fixed contacts. These bulges can be made by molding or machining and are in one piece with the switch bar. They can also be made up of elements reported.

    La figure 2 montre de façon plus précise la construction et la disposition des contacts mobiles 15a, 15b, 15c et 15d. On constate que les contacts d'extrémité 15a et 15d sont décalés par rapport aux contacts centraux 15b et 15c. Ce décalage, qui engendre un écart différent, est dû aux renflements 18 et 19 ménagés à la périphérie du barreau 16.Figure 2 shows the construction more precisely and the arrangement of the mobile contacts 15a, 15b, 15c and 15d. It can be seen that the end contacts 15a and 15d are offset from the central contacts 15b and 15c. This difference, which generates a different difference, is due to the bulges 18 and 19 formed on the periphery of the bar 16.

    La figure 3 représente un contact fixe, par exemple 14a ou 14b, et deux contacts mobiles correspondants, par exemple 15a et 15b. Grâce au renflement 19 présent sur le barreau 16, l'écart séparant les contacts 14a et 15a est inférieur à l'écart séparant les contacts 14b et 15b. De façon similaire, grâce au renflement 18 l'écart séparant les contacts 14d et 15d est inférieur à l'écart séparant les contacts 14c et 15c, c'est-à-dire que les écarts des contacts disposés aux deux extrémités de la ligne de contacts, ou aux deux extrémités du boítier, sont inférieurs aux écarts des contacts centraux, ce qui permet d'atteindre l'objectif fixé.FIG. 3 represents a fixed contact, for example 14a or 14b, and two corresponding movable contacts, by example 15a and 15b. Thanks to the bulge 19 present on the bar 16, the distance separating the contacts 14a and 15a is less than the distance between the contacts 14b and 15b. Of similarly, thanks to the bulge 18 the gap separating contacts 14d and 15d is less than the separation distance contacts 14c and 15c, that is to say that the deviations of contacts arranged at both ends of the line contacts, or at both ends of the case, are less than the deviations of the central contacts, which achieves the target.

    Etant donné que dans tous les pays, le contact correspondant au neutre est situé soit à l'extrémité droite, soit à l'extrémité gauche du boítier, on est assuré que l'une ou l'autre des deux séquences suivantes de fermeture des contacts est respectée : neutre - phase - phase - phase ou phase - neutre - phase - phase, quel que soit le mode de branchement du neutre à droite ou à gauche. Ces deux séquences correspondent aux séquences autorisées définies précédemment.Since in all countries, contact corresponding to the neutral is located either at the end right, or at the left end of the case, we are assured that either of the following two sequences the contact closure is respected: neutral - phase - phase - phase or phase - neutral - phase - phase, whatever whether the neutral connection mode to the right or to left. These two sequences correspond to the sequences previously defined.

    Claims (4)

    1. A four-pole differential switch equipped with four stationary contacts (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) and four corresponding movable contacts (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d) disposed in line and comprising a differential sensor arranged to detect a leakage current and to transmit a corresponding signal to an operating device connected to said sensor, this device being coupled to a trip mechanism (17) to actuate a switching bar bearing the movable contacts of the switch, characterized in that said bar (16) comprises means for reducing the distance between the movable contacts (15a, 15d) and the corresponding stationary contacts (14a, 14d) located at the two ends of said line of contacts.
    2. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that said means comprise peripheral bosses (18, 19) arranged on the switching bar (16).
    3. The switch according to claim 2, characterized in that said bosses are achieved by casting or machining and are integrated in the switching bar.
    4. The switch according to claim 2, characterized in that said bosses are constituted by add-on elements.
    EP19940410053 1993-08-17 1994-07-25 Four pole differential circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime EP0639845B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9310104A FR2709205B1 (en) 1993-08-17 1993-08-17 Four-pole differential switch.
    FR9310104 1993-08-17

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0639845A1 EP0639845A1 (en) 1995-02-22
    EP0639845B1 true EP0639845B1 (en) 1998-09-09

    Family

    ID=9450298

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP19940410053 Expired - Lifetime EP0639845B1 (en) 1993-08-17 1994-07-25 Four pole differential circuit breaker

    Country Status (6)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0639845B1 (en)
    CN (1) CN1103508A (en)
    BR (1) BR9403256A (en)
    DE (1) DE69413163T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2122199T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2709205B1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR2723470A1 (en) * 1994-08-04 1996-02-09 Legrand Sa BREAKER
    DE19632462B4 (en) * 1996-08-12 2005-05-04 Heinrich Kopp Ag Safety switch with forced disconnection
    FR2805078B1 (en) * 2000-02-14 2004-09-17 Realisation De Disjoncteurs So MULTIPOLAR SWITCH
    EP1146534B1 (en) * 2000-04-11 2002-01-02 Felten & Guilleaume KG Switching mechanism for a circuit breaker
    KR101078974B1 (en) * 2010-01-13 2011-11-01 엘에스산전 주식회사 Driving mechanism for 4 poles circuit breaker

    Family Cites Families (7)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE470115C (en) * 1929-01-07 Rheinisch Westfaelisches Elek Multipole switch with a neutral conductor and several outer conductors
    DE1690801U (en) * 1954-10-07 1955-01-05 Stotz Kontakt Gmbh LOW VOLTAGE SWITCHES, IN PARTICULAR MOTOR CIRCUIT BREAKERS.
    DE1909358U (en) * 1964-11-11 1965-02-04 Stotz Kontakt Gmbh SWITCH WITH A HOLDING DEVICE ON THE CONTACT CARRIER FOR A CONTACT FINGER WORKING TOGETHER WITH A CONTACT PRESSURE SPRING.
    BE867767A (en) * 1977-04-14 1978-10-02 Ave Belli Andrea HIGH SENSITIVITY DIFFERENTIAL SWITCH
    FR2478368A1 (en) * 1980-03-12 1981-09-18 Merlin Gerin MANEUVER MECHANISM FOR TETRAPOLAR CIRCUIT BREAKER
    FR2552926B1 (en) * 1983-10-04 1985-12-27 Hager Electro IMPROVEMENTS ON SWITCHES WITH TILTING CONTACT HOLDER
    US4882557A (en) * 1987-11-13 1989-11-21 Airpax Corporation Multipole circuit breaker system with differential pole operation

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    CN1103508A (en) 1995-06-07
    FR2709205A1 (en) 1995-02-24
    EP0639845A1 (en) 1995-02-22
    ES2122199T3 (en) 1998-12-16
    DE69413163D1 (en) 1998-10-15
    DE69413163T2 (en) 1999-04-01
    FR2709205B1 (en) 1995-10-20
    BR9403256A (en) 1995-04-11

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