EP0638688B1 - Apparatus for prestressing a micro-pile destined to support a foundation and micro-pile thus prestressed - Google Patents
Apparatus for prestressing a micro-pile destined to support a foundation and micro-pile thus prestressed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0638688B1 EP0638688B1 EP94401823A EP94401823A EP0638688B1 EP 0638688 B1 EP0638688 B1 EP 0638688B1 EP 94401823 A EP94401823 A EP 94401823A EP 94401823 A EP94401823 A EP 94401823A EP 0638688 B1 EP0638688 B1 EP 0638688B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- reinforcement
- foundation
- micropile
- grout
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/28—Stressing the soil or the foundation structure while forming foundations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/48—Foundations inserted underneath existing buildings or constructions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D35/00—Straightening, lifting, or lowering of foundation structures or of constructions erected on foundations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to micropiles used as elements for underpinning existing buildings and structures.
- a micropile is a small diameter pile, typically for a borehole diameter at most equal to 250 mm, equipped with reinforcements and with a field injection system. It has a lower part sealed to the ground and an upper part secured to the foundation of the building to be supported. The compression force corresponding to the load to be taken up transits from the foundation to the ground, through the upper part of the micropile which, due to the laws of elasticity, shortens. When the micropile fully fulfills its role of foundation, it has therefore already compacted with a value which may be incompatible with the behavior of the same foundation.
- Publication DE-C-4005032 describes a prestressed micropile as defined in the preamble of claim 5 and a device as defined in the preamble of claim 1 for producing such a micropile.
- the object of the invention is essentially to remedy this drawback by applying a prestressing force to the micropile which makes it possible to make it active with negligible movements, by using special means to transmit to the foundation via the tube. the reaction to compression of the reinforcement.
- the invention makes it possible to estimate the value of the prestressing force necessary for the detachment of the structure to be supported.
- a prestressed micropile according to the invention is as defined in claim 5.
- the micropile essentially consists of a tubular reinforcement (1) which has been driven into a borehole (6) made in the foundation (F) and in the underlying ground (T).
- the lower part (1a) of this tube is located in the ground (T) and a sealing grout (2) was injected around the tube to seal this lower part to the ground.
- This injection is carried out by means known per se and, for example by an injection of grout through the interior of the tube.
- the grout has been injected into the tube which is closed at its lower end (1b) and has a cuff (3) which allows the passage of the grout from the inside of the tube into the surrounding soil where the grout produces a sealing bulb (4).
- a tube (5) is placed in the borehole (6) of the foundation around the upper part (1c) of the tubular frame (1) of micropile (1).
- This tube reaction (5) is made integral with the foundation by a sealing grout (7) introduced between the reaction tube and the wall of the borehole (6).
- a ring (8) provided with a seal (9) is placed around the armature (1) in the reaction tube (5) and a cap (10) is screwed on the upper end of the tube. reaction to constitute in the reaction tube, above the ring (8) and the upper end (1d) of the armature tube a sealed chamber (11) into which a hydraulic fluid can be introduced by a conduit (12 ) connected to a hydraulic unit shown schematically in (13) and leading to a fitting (14) of the cover (10).
- the reaction tube (5) is provided, below the ring (8) with a conduit (15) which makes it possible to introduce a sealing grout into the space (16) between the armature tube of the micropile and the reaction tube and it is provided with a second duct (17) for evacuating the air from this space as the grout enters the space.
- the frame (1) behaves like the plunger of a jack which would consist of the reaction tube (5) and the cap (10).
- the pressurization of the fluid in the chamber (11) causes the compression of the tube (1) by downward movement, consecutive to the elastic shortening of this tube on the part of the tube located between the sealing bulb (2) and the guide and sealing ring (8).
- the reaction to this compression is exerted on the masonry of the foundation via the tube (5) which is for this reason called reaction tube.
- the reaction of the micropile can be precisely adjusted by the pressure in the chamber (11), as desired, including up to raise the foundation if the prestressing force is greater than the detachment threshold.
- Injection grouts are normally cement grouts, possibly containing the usual additives.
- the invention is not limited to a particular grout.
- the invention is particularly applicable to the recovery of existing buildings and works under construction.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne les micropieux utilisés en tant qu'éléments de reprise en sous-oeuvre de bâtiments et d'ouvrages existants.The present invention relates to micropiles used as elements for underpinning existing buildings and structures.
Un micropieu est un pieu de petit diamètre, typiquement pour un forage de diamètre au plus égal à 250 mm, équipé d'armatures et d'un système d'injection au terrain. Il comporte une partie inférieure scellée au terrain et une partie supérieure solidaire de la fondation du bâtiment à soutenir. L'effort de compression correspondant à la charge à reprendre transite de la fondation au terrain, par la partie supérieure du micropieu qui, du fait des lois de l'élasticité, se raccourcit. Lorsque le micropieu remplit pleinement son rôle de fondation, il a donc déjà tassé d'une valeur qui peut être incompatible avec le comportement de la même fondation.A micropile is a small diameter pile, typically for a borehole diameter at most equal to 250 mm, equipped with reinforcements and with a field injection system. It has a lower part sealed to the ground and an upper part secured to the foundation of the building to be supported. The compression force corresponding to the load to be taken up transits from the foundation to the ground, through the upper part of the micropile which, due to the laws of elasticity, shortens. When the micropile fully fulfills its role of foundation, it has therefore already compacted with a value which may be incompatible with the behavior of the same foundation.
La publication DE-C-4005032 décrit un micropieu précontraint tel que défini dans le préambule de la revendication 5 et un dispositif tel que défini dans le préambule de la revendication 1 pour réaliser un tel micropieu.Publication DE-C-4005032 describes a prestressed micropile as defined in the preamble of
Le but de l'invention est essentiellement de remédier à cet inconvénient en appliquant au micropieu une force de précontrainte qui permette de le rendre actif moyennant des mouvements négligeables, en mettant en oeuvre des moyens particuliers pour transmettre à la fondation par l'intermédiaire du tube la réaction à la compression de l'armature. De plus, l'invention permet d'estimer la valeur de la force de précontrainte nécessaire au décollement de la structure à soutenir.The object of the invention is essentially to remedy this drawback by applying a prestressing force to the micropile which makes it possible to make it active with negligible movements, by using special means to transmit to the foundation via the tube. the reaction to compression of the reinforcement. In addition, the invention makes it possible to estimate the value of the prestressing force necessary for the detachment of the structure to be supported.
Selon l'invention, pour réaliser un micropieu précontraint destiné à soutenir une fondation, on utilise un dispositif tel que défini dans la revendication 1.According to the invention, to produce a prestressed micropile intended to support a foundation, use is made of a device as defined in
Dans des modes de réalisation préférés:
- les moyens pour exercer une compression sur l'armature du micropieu comprennent un joint placé autour de l'armature du micropieu dans le tube, des moyens pour créer dans le tube une chambre étanche au dessus de ce joint et de cette armature du micropieu, et des moyens pour introduire un fluide sous pression dans cette chambre :
- les moyens pour créer ladite chambre étanche comprennent une coiffe vissée sur l'extrémité supérieure du tube et équipée d'un raccord pour sa liaison à une centrale hydraulique ;
- les moyens pour introduire un coulis de scellement dans l'espace compris entre le tube et l'armature comprennent un conduit relié à une source de coulis et qui aboutit dans le tube en dessous dudit joint et un conduit pour évacuer l'air.du tube au dessous dudit joint.
- the means for exerting compression on the micropile armature comprise a seal placed around the micropile armature in the tube, means for creating in the tube a sealed chamber above this joint and this micropile armature, and means for introducing a pressurized fluid in this room :
- the means for creating said sealed chamber include a cap screwed onto the upper end of the tube and equipped with a connector for its connection to a hydraulic power station;
- the means for introducing a grout into the space between the tube and the reinforcement comprise a conduit connected to a source of grout and which ends in the tube below said joint and a conduit for evacuating air. below said seal.
Un micropieu précontraint selon l'invention est tel que défini dans la revendication 5.A prestressed micropile according to the invention is as defined in
On décrira ci-après un exemple de mise en oeuvre du dispositif selon l'invention, en référence à la figure unique du dessin joint qui est une coupe verticale du micropieu équipé du dispositif.An example of implementation of the device according to the invention will be described below, with reference to the single figure of the attached drawing which is a vertical section of the micropile equipped with the device.
Sur la figure, le micropieu est essentiellement constitué par une armature tubulaire (1) qui a été enfoncée dans un forage (6) pratiqué dans la fondation (F) et dans le terrain sous-jacent (T).In the figure, the micropile essentially consists of a tubular reinforcement (1) which has been driven into a borehole (6) made in the foundation (F) and in the underlying ground (T).
La partie inférieure (1a) de ce tube est située dans le terrain (T) et un coulis de scellement (2) a été injecté autour du tube pour sceller cette partie inférieure au terrain. Cette injection est réalisée par des moyens connus en soi et, par exemple par une injection de coulis à travers l'intérieur du tube.The lower part (1a) of this tube is located in the ground (T) and a sealing grout (2) was injected around the tube to seal this lower part to the ground. This injection is carried out by means known per se and, for example by an injection of grout through the interior of the tube.
Dans l'exemple représenté, le coulis a été injecté dans le tube lequel est fermé à son extrémité inférieure (1b) et comporte une manchette (3) qui permet le passage du coulis de scellement depuis l'intérieur du tube jusque dans le terrain environnant où le coulis réalise un bulbe de scellement (4).In the example shown, the grout has been injected into the tube which is closed at its lower end (1b) and has a cuff (3) which allows the passage of the grout from the inside of the tube into the surrounding soil where the grout produces a sealing bulb (4).
Conformément à l'invention, un tube (5), dit tube de réaction, est placé dans le forage (6) de la fondation autour de la partie supérieure (1c) de l'armature tubulaire (1) de micropieu(1). Ce tube de réaction (5) est rendu solidaire de la fondation par un coulis de scellement (7) introduit entre le tube de réaction et la paroi du forage (6).According to the invention, a tube (5), called reaction tube, is placed in the borehole (6) of the foundation around the upper part (1c) of the tubular frame (1) of micropile (1). This tube reaction (5) is made integral with the foundation by a sealing grout (7) introduced between the reaction tube and the wall of the borehole (6).
Une bague (8) munie d'un joint d'étanchéïté (9) est placé autour de l'armature (1) dans le tube de réaction (5) et une coiffe (10) est vissée sur l'extrémité supérieure du tube de réaction pour constituer dans le tube de réaction, au dessus de la bague (8) et de l'extrémité supérieure (1d) du tube d'armature une chambre étanche (11) dans laquelle peut être introduit un fluide hydraulique par un conduit (12) relié à une centrale hydraulique schématisée en (13) et aboutissant à un raccord (14) de la coiffe (10).A ring (8) provided with a seal (9) is placed around the armature (1) in the reaction tube (5) and a cap (10) is screwed on the upper end of the tube. reaction to constitute in the reaction tube, above the ring (8) and the upper end (1d) of the armature tube a sealed chamber (11) into which a hydraulic fluid can be introduced by a conduit (12 ) connected to a hydraulic unit shown schematically in (13) and leading to a fitting (14) of the cover (10).
Le tube de réaction (5) est muni, au dessous de la bague (8) d'un conduit (15) qui permet d'introduire un coulis de scellement dans l'espace (16) compris entre le tube d'armature du micropieu et le tube de réaction et il est muni d'un second conduit (17) pour évacuer l'air de cet espace au fur et à mesure de la pénétration du coulis dans l'espace.The reaction tube (5) is provided, below the ring (8) with a conduit (15) which makes it possible to introduce a sealing grout into the space (16) between the armature tube of the micropile and the reaction tube and it is provided with a second duct (17) for evacuating the air from this space as the grout enters the space.
Pour précontraindre le tube intérieur (1) constituant l'armature du micropieu, on réalise successivement les opérations suivantes :
- injection d'un coulis de scellement dans le tube d'armature (1) pour former un bulbe dans le terrain autour de ce tube et pour remplir la partie du tube qui est entourée par la fondation ;
- durcissement de ce coulis ;
- injection d'un coulis de scellement autour du tube de réaction (5) dans la fondation ;
- durcissement de ce coulis ;
- création et maintien d'une pression de fluide dans la chambre (11); la mesure de cette pression permettant de déterminer la compression de précontrainte de l'armature ;
- injection d'un coulis de scellement autour du tube d'armature dans le tube de réaction (5) ;
- durcissement de coulis ;
- évacuation du fluide de la chambre, démontage de la coiffe et arasement des tubes.
- injecting a sealing grout into the reinforcing tube (1) to form a bulb in the ground around this tube and to fill the part of the tube which is surrounded by the foundation;
- hardening of this grout;
- injection of a grout around the reaction tube (5) in the foundation;
- hardening of this grout;
- creation and maintenance of fluid pressure in the chamber (11); measuring this pressure to determine the prestress compression of the reinforcement;
- injecting a sealing grout around the reinforcing tube into the reaction tube (5);
- hardening of grout;
- evacuation of the fluid from the chamber, disassembly of the cap and leveling of the tubes.
L'armature (1) se comporte comme le piston plongeur d'un vérin qui serait constitué du tube de réaction (5) et de la coiffe (10). La mise en pression du fluide dans la chambre (11) provoque la mise en compression du tube (1) par mouvement vers le bas, consécutif au raccourcissement élastique de ce tube sur la partie du tube située entre le bulbe de scellement (2) et la bague de guidage et d'étanchéïté (8). La réaction à cette compression s'exerce sur la maçonnerie de la fondation par l'intermédiaire du tube (5) que l'on a pour cette raison appelé tube de réaction. La réaction du micropieu peut être ajustée de manière précise par la pression dans la chambre (11), selon ce qui est désiré, y compris jusqu'à soulever la fondation si la force de précontrainte est supérieure au seuil de décollement.The frame (1) behaves like the plunger of a jack which would consist of the reaction tube (5) and the cap (10). The pressurization of the fluid in the chamber (11) causes the compression of the tube (1) by downward movement, consecutive to the elastic shortening of this tube on the part of the tube located between the sealing bulb (2) and the guide and sealing ring (8). The reaction to this compression is exerted on the masonry of the foundation via the tube (5) which is for this reason called reaction tube. The reaction of the micropile can be precisely adjusted by the pressure in the chamber (11), as desired, including up to raise the foundation if the prestressing force is greater than the detachment threshold.
Les coulis d'injection sont normalement des coulis de ciment, contenant éventuellement les adjuvants habituels. L'invention n'est pas limitée à un coulis particulier.Injection grouts are normally cement grouts, possibly containing the usual additives. The invention is not limited to a particular grout.
L'invention s'applique notamment à la reprise en sous oeuvre de bâtiments et d'ouvrages existants.The invention is particularly applicable to the recovery of existing buildings and works under construction.
Claims (6)
- Device for producing a prestressed micropile intended to support a foundation, which comprises:- a borehole (6) in the foundation (F),- a tube (5) to be inserted into the borehole,- a settable grout (7) to be injected between the tube and the wall of the borehole in order to bed the tube in the foundation,- a reinforcement (1) having a lower part (la) to be introduced into the ground underlying the foundation and an upper part (1c) to be introduced into the tube,- a bedding grout (2) to be injected around the lower part (1a) of the reinforcement in order to bed it into the ground,- means (8-13) for momentarily exerting compression on the reinforcement,- a transfer means (11) for transferring the reaction to the compression of the reinforcement to the foundation via the tube,characterized in that it comprises a settable bedding material and means (15, 17) for injecting this material into the space (16) between the upper part of the reinforcement and the tube so that this material beds the reinforcement in the tube and constitutes the said transfer means.
- Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the means for exerting compression on the reinforcement (1) of the micropile in the tube comprise a seal (8, 9) placed around the reinforcement in the tube (5), means (10) for creating, in the tube, a sealed chamber (11) above this seal and above the reinforcement, and means (12) for injecting a pressurized fluid into this chamber (11).
- Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the means for creating the said sealed chamber comprise a cap (10) screwed onto the upper end of the tube (5) and equipped with a connector (14) for connecting it to a hydraulic power unit (13).
- Device according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the means for injecting a bedding grout into the space (16) lying between the tube (5) and the reinforcement (1) comprise a pipe (15) which is connected to a source of grout and which terminates in the tube beneath the said seal (8, 9) and a pipe (17) for removing the air from the said space (16) beneath the said seal.
- Prestressed micropile for supporting a foundation, which comprises a tube (5) placed in a borehole (6) made in the foundation (F) and bedded in the wall of the borehole by a cured bedding grout (7), a reinforcement (1) having a lower part (la) bedded in the ground underlying the foundation and an upper part (1c) which passes into the tube (5) and which is compressed, a cured material in the space (16) between this upper part (1c) and the tube and a transfer means (11) for transferring the reaction to the compression of the reinforcement to the foundation via the tube, characterized in that this cured material ensures that the reinforcement is bedded in the tube so as to constitute the said transfer means.
- Prestressed micropile according to Claim 5, characterized in that the said reinforcement (1) of the micropile is tubular.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9309781A FR2708947B1 (en) | 1993-08-09 | 1993-08-09 | Device for prestressing a micropile intended to support a foundation and micropile thus prestressed. |
| FR9309781 | 1993-08-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0638688A1 EP0638688A1 (en) | 1995-02-15 |
| EP0638688B1 true EP0638688B1 (en) | 1997-12-29 |
Family
ID=9450061
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94401823A Expired - Lifetime EP0638688B1 (en) | 1993-08-09 | 1994-08-08 | Apparatus for prestressing a micro-pile destined to support a foundation and micro-pile thus prestressed |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0638688B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE161600T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69407509T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2708947B1 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1005915A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2087618C1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA945926B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113969576A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-25 | 中建三局集团有限公司 | Novel unbonded post-tensioning prestressed uplift pile structure |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4005032C2 (en) * | 1990-02-19 | 1994-06-09 | Bauer Spezialtiefbau | Device for applying a force between a base plate and a foundation element |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1117505B (en) * | 1952-12-17 | 1961-11-16 | Frederico Spies Dipl Ing | Method and device for the production of reinforced in-situ concrete foundation piles |
| JPS5824026A (en) * | 1981-08-05 | 1983-02-12 | Hirose Kozai Sangyo Kk | Construction of each pile for netted pile structure |
| WO1990011412A1 (en) * | 1989-03-22 | 1990-10-04 | Iniectojet S.P.A. | A procedure for the forming of consolidation and foundation piles with embedded reinforcements |
-
1993
- 1993-08-09 FR FR9309781A patent/FR2708947B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-08-08 RU RU9494028643A patent/RU2087618C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-08-08 EP EP94401823A patent/EP0638688B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-08 ZA ZA945926A patent/ZA945926B/en unknown
- 1994-08-08 AT AT94401823T patent/ATE161600T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-08-08 DE DE69407509T patent/DE69407509T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-06-05 HK HK98104967A patent/HK1005915A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4005032C2 (en) * | 1990-02-19 | 1994-06-09 | Bauer Spezialtiefbau | Device for applying a force between a base plate and a foundation element |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE161600T1 (en) | 1998-01-15 |
| EP0638688A1 (en) | 1995-02-15 |
| FR2708947B1 (en) | 1995-11-03 |
| ZA945926B (en) | 1995-04-12 |
| RU2087618C1 (en) | 1997-08-20 |
| DE69407509T2 (en) | 1998-05-28 |
| DE69407509D1 (en) | 1998-02-05 |
| HK1005915A1 (en) | 1999-01-29 |
| FR2708947A1 (en) | 1995-02-17 |
| RU94028643A (en) | 1996-08-20 |
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