EP0636057B1 - Schleifmittel - Google Patents

Schleifmittel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0636057B1
EP0636057B1 EP93907085A EP93907085A EP0636057B1 EP 0636057 B1 EP0636057 B1 EP 0636057B1 EP 93907085 A EP93907085 A EP 93907085A EP 93907085 A EP93907085 A EP 93907085A EP 0636057 B1 EP0636057 B1 EP 0636057B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
substrate
abrasive article
abrasive
indicia
front side
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93907085A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0636057A1 (de
Inventor
Gene O. Lindholm
Mark L. Sterner
Theodore C. Tocci
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3M Co
Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Publication of EP0636057A1 publication Critical patent/EP0636057A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0636057B1 publication Critical patent/EP0636057B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/001—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as supporting member
    • B24D3/002—Flexible supporting members, e.g. paper, woven, plastic materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to an abrasive article in which abrasive grains are bonded to a backing.
  • indicia in the form of printed information are placed on the back side, which is the side opposite from the front side.
  • the front side contains the abrasive grains or grit.
  • the indicia typically includes a grade number, a product name or other identification.
  • the grade number refers to the average particle size or the particle size distribution of the abrasive grain.
  • Abrasive articles are typically converted into a wide variety of forms such as sheets, discs, or belts. It is well known to attach the discs or sheets to a backup pad or support pad during use such as with a pressure sensitive adhesive.
  • the indicia When the indicia is disposed on the back side of the abrasive article, the information cannot be seen if the abrasive article is opaque. If the abrasive article is translucent, only a mirror image of the indicia is seen and it is difficult to discern the indicia. Information which cannot be read by viewing the front of the abrasive article has several disadvantages. First, an operator may want to check the particular grade of an abrasive article if the operator forgets which grade of abrasive article is being used when the abrasive article is attached to a back-up pad or support pad.
  • the second or new operator may not know the particular grade of the abrasive article. In both instances, the operator has to remove the abrasive article from the pad in order to check the grade, the product identification, or the manufacturer. Then, if possible, the abrasive article is remounted on the back of the pad. If not, then a new abrasive article has to be attached to the pad.
  • Another disadvantage relates to packaging of the abrasive article. Generally, in order to check the grade of the abrasive article, an abrasive article has to be removed from the package in order to view the indicia containing the grade designation.
  • the Steinhauser et al. U.S. Patent 3,849,949 discloses a concatenation of coated abrasive discs in which the non-abrasive side of the disc contains a pressure sensitive adhesive.
  • the Shaw U.S. Patent 4,437,269 discloses an abrasive sheet having indicia carried on its rear face overlaid by a translucent textile material providing a surface engagable by hooks. The material being adhered to the indicia and information content remain discernible through the textile material.
  • the Ott U.S. Patent 4,609,581 discloses a coated abrasive sheeting that is adhered to a backup pad by means of a loop material on the rear surface of the coated abrasive sheet.
  • the loop material comprises a carrier web with a multiplicity of multi-filament yarns stitched into the coated abrasive backing with portions of the yarns providing the loops.
  • JP-A-59-19678 is directed to a method of producing a soft offset grinding wheel wherein letters and patterns appear on a surface of a substrate while grains are attached to the back of the substrate.
  • the present invention includes an abrasive sheet having a substrate with a front and back side. A layer of abrasive material is adhered to the front side of the substrate. Indicia are disposed on the substrate and are viewable from the front side of the substrate through the layer of abrasive material in a non-mirror image readable from left to right.
  • the indicia are disposed on the back side of a substrate that is light transmissive. In another preferred embodiment, the indicia are disposed on the front side of a substrate which may or may not be light transmissive.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an abrasive article of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of an abrasive article of the present invention with indicia being disposed on the front surface thereof.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the abrasive article of the present invention with indicia being disposed on a back surface thereof and readable from the front surface.
  • An abrasive article of the present invention is generally indicated at 20 in Figure 1.
  • Abrasive article 20 includes a backing or substrate 22 which has a front side 24 and a back side 26.
  • An abrasive material 28 is bonded to the front side 24 using a suitable adhesive 25 or other bonding means now known or later developed.
  • Indicia 30 are positioned either on the front side 24 as illustrated in Figure 2 or on the back side 26 and viewable on the front side 24 as illustrated in Figure 3. In both instances, the indicia are viewable in a non-mirror image readable from left to right from the front side of the abrasive article.
  • the indicia 30 are applied to the front side 24 of the substrate 22.
  • the indicia are preferably applied to the substrate 22 prior to adherence of the abrasive material 28.
  • the indicia 30 are readable in a non-mirror image from left to right when viewed from the front side of the substrate 22.
  • the indicia 30 are positioned on the back side 26 of the substrate 22.
  • the substrate 22 is light transmissive.
  • light transmissive is meant that the substrate is sufficiently transparent so that the indicia are viewable from the front side 24.
  • Light transmissive substrates may be translucent, clear, transparent, or lucid.
  • the indicia are applied to the back surface 26 in a mirror image,, and therefore when viewed from the front side, the indicia are viewable in a non-mirror image readable from left to right.
  • a layer of colorant may also then be applied to the back side of the substrate over the indicia with the colorant layer being in a contrasting color to the indicia to enhance readability.
  • the indicia that are applied may include standard information that is typically found on an abrasive sheet. Such information includes the thickness of the sheet, the grit size, a product designation number, and manufacturer.
  • the substrate 22 may include either light transmissive or opaque materials such as paper, fiber, cloth, polymeric film, non-woven webs and combinations and treated versions thereof. If, however, the indicia are disposed on the back side 26, then the substrate must be at least translucent. Examples of such substrates include polymeric films such as polyester film, polyethylene film, and polypropylene film.
  • the front and/or back surface of the polymeric film contain a primer to increase the adhesion to the adhesive.
  • the primer can be a surface alteration or chemical type primer. Examples of surface alterations include corona treatment and scuffing to increase the surface area. Examples of chemical type primers include ethyl acrylic acid copolymer and aziridine type materials as disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,749,617.
  • the abrasive grains should also be light transmissive.
  • typical abrasive grains used for abrasive material 28 include silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, white aluminum oxide, ceramic aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, diamond, cubic boron nitride, boron carbide and mixtures thereof.
  • typical abrasive grains are somewhat opaque, the particles as a layer on the substrate still have light transmissive properties such that the indicia of the present invention clearly show through the layer of abrasive grains.
  • the opacity of the individual abrasive grains is even less of an obstruction to viewing the indicia.
  • Translucent abrasive grains are preferable such as white aluminum oxide to aid in the readability of the indicia from the front side of substrate 22.
  • the adhesive used to adhere the abrasive material to the substrate is preferably also light transmissive to aid in the readability of the indicia from the front side of the substrate 22.
  • typical adhesives include polyester resins, urethane resins, acrylate resins, phenolic resins, glue, urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine resin and mixtures thereof.
  • Such adhesives are applied at a thickness normally used for adhering abrasive material to a substrate.
  • polyester film substrate approximately 70 microns thick was primed with an ethylene acrylic acid copolymer primer.
  • An abrasive white aluminum oxide in the range of 1 to 100 microns in particle size was bound with a resole phenolic resin.
  • the indicia can be applied using a wide variety of well-known methods, which apply an ink onto the substrate. Such methods include letterpress printing, lithographic printing, gravure printing, and screen printing. Letterpress printing is preferably used. Letterpress printing involves a printing element that consists of a raised surface, wherein the surface can be a line, a word, a point or any type of figure. In letterpress printing, the printing ink is applied to the raised surface and then pressed onto the substrate 22 to cause the printing ink to transfer the specified pattern onto the substrate 22. In lithographic printing, an indirect image transfer is made where the inverse of the printing plate is transferred to the substrate 22. Lithographic printing is also known as offset printing or planographic printing.
  • a master tool or roll is engraved with minute wells.
  • the printing ink fills these wells and the excess printing ink is removed by a doctor blade.
  • the ink in the well is then transferred to the substrate 22.
  • the size and the shape of the well determines the pattern on the substrate 22.
  • screen printing the printing ink is brushed through a stencil image on a fine screen and then onto the substrate 22.
  • the stencil image forms the pattern that is transferred to the substrate 22. More detailed information on printing techniques is found in Printing Inks , Kirth-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 19, 110-163 (3d ed. 1982) incorporated hereinafter by reference.
  • the abrasive article 20 is produced into a wide variety of forms such as sheets, discs, or belts.
  • the discs or sheets are attached to a back-up pad 31 that drives abrasive article 20 to abrade a work piece (not shown) as illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the back-up pad is used to support the abrasive article 20 during abrading.
  • the back-up pad can be made from any material, although it is preferred that the material have at least some elasticity so that the material flexes during the abrading process.
  • the back-up pad is generally circular in nature and ranges in diameter from 1 to 40 cm and preferably in the range of 5 to 25 cm.
  • the diameter of the abrasive article is slightly larger than the diameter of the back-up pad. By slightly larger is meant that the diameter of the abrasive article is between about 0.1 mm to about 2 mm larger than the back-up pad.
  • a pressure sensitive adhesive is applied to the back side 26 of the substrate 22 to allow the abrasive article 20 to be easily attached to the pad.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive must have sufficient adhesive strength to secure the coated abrasive to a support pad during use.
  • Representative examples of pressure sensitive adhesives suitable for this invention include latex crepe, rosin, acrylic polymers and copolymers such as polybutylacrylate, polyacrylate ester, vinyl ethers such as polyvinyl n-butyl ether, alkyd adhesives, rubber adhesives such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, chlorinated rubber, and mixtures thereof.
  • a preferred pressure sensitive adhesive is an isooctylacrylate:acrylic acid copolymer.
  • the abrasive article 20 can also be attached to the pad 31 by a hook and loop fastening system.
  • a hook and loop fastening system typically includes a loop portion 32 and a hook portion 34.
  • a suitable hook and loop fastening system is sold by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company of St. Paul, Minnesota.
  • the loop portion is laminated to the back side 26 of the substrate 22.
  • the hook portion is then attached to the pad 31.
  • the hooks then engage between the loops to attach the abrasive article to the pad.
  • the loop portion can be attached to the pad, and the hook portion can be attached to the substrate.
  • the loop material can be any type of textile material which has loops projecting therefrom. Examples of suitable textile materials include cotton, polyester, nylon, rayon, and the like.
  • the loop materials can be multifilament yarns which are described in detail in Ott U.S. Patent 4,609,581, incorporated hereinafter by reference.
  • Other types of loop materials are woven or knitted yarns having filament loops or curls extending from the surface.
  • the loop material is an opaque color to improve the readability of the indicia viewed from the front side of the substrate 22.
  • an adhesive coating 36 such as thickened or foamed latex, extruded polymer film, or hot melt adhesive to adhere the loops to the back side 26.
  • the hot melt adhesive or other bonding material adhering the loops to the back side 26 may be colored prior to lamination of the loops to further improve the readability of the indicia from the front side of the substrate 22.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Schleifartikel (20) mit:
    einem Substrat (22) mit einer Vorderseite (24) und einer Rückseite (26);
    einer mit der Vorderseite des Substrats verbundenen Schleifmaterialschicht (28); und
    auf dem Substrat angeordneten Kennzeichen (30), wobei im wesentlichen alle Kennzeichen von der Vorderseite des Substrats durch die Schleifmaterialschicht als Nicht-Spiegelbild sichtbar und von links nach rechts lesbar sind.
  2. Schleifartikel (20) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Substrat (22) lichtdurchlässig ist und die Kennzeichen (30) auf der Rückseite des Substrats angeordnet sind.
  3. Schleifartikel (20) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Substrat (22) opak ist und die Kennzeichen (30) auf der Vorderseite des Substrats angeordnet sind.
  4. Schleifartikel (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Schleifmaterialschicht (28) lichtdurchlässig ist.
  5. Schleifartikel (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, ferner mit:
    einem Haftmittel (25) durch das das Schleifmaterial (28) an der Vorderseite (24) des Substrats haftet, wobei das Haftmittel lichtdurchlässig ist.
  6. Schleifartikel (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, ferner mit einer Einrichtung zum lösbaren Anbringen des Schleifartikels an einem Haltekissen (31).
  7. Schleifartikel (20) nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Einrichtung zum lösbaren Anbringen aufweist: eine Haken- und Schlaufenbefestigungseinrichtung mit einem ersten Abschnitt (34), der mehrere Haken aufweist, und einem zweiten Abschnitt, der mehrere Schlaufen (32) aufweist, und wobei der erste oder der zweite Abschnitt an der Rückseite des Substrats und der andere Abschnitt am Haltekissen (31) angebracht ist.
  8. Schleifartikel (20) nach Anspruch 7, wobei der am Substrat angebrachte Abschnitt der Haken- und Schlaufenbefestigungseinrichtung opak ist.
  9. Schleifartikel (20) nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, ferner mit:
    einem Haftmittel (36) zum Anhaften des Abschnitts der Haken- und Schlaufenbefestigungseinrichtung an der Rückseite des Substrats (22).
  10. Schleifartikel (20) nach Anspruch 9, wobei das Haftmittel opak ist.
  11. Schleifartikel (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2 und 4 bis 10, wobei das Substrat (22) ein lichtdurchlässiger Polymerfilm ist und die Kennzeichen auf der Rückseite des Polymerfilms angeordnet sind.
  12. Schleifartikel (20) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, ferner mit einer über den Kennzeichen (30) angeordneten Färbemittelschicht, die in einer Kontrastfarbe bezüglich der Kennzeichen ausgebildet ist.
  13. Schleifartikel (20) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die lichtdurchlässige Schleifmittelschicht (28) Partikel aufweist, die aus einer Gruppe ausgewählt werden, die im wesentlichen Siliziumcarbid, Aluminiumoxid, Zeroxid, Diamant, kubischem Bornitrid und Borcarbid aufweist.
  14. Schleifartikel (20) nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 13, wobei das Haftmittel (25) aus einer Gruppe ausgewählt wird, die im wesentlichen Polyesterharz, Urethanharz, Acrylatharz, Phenolharz, Leim, Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harz und Melaminharz aufweist.
  15. Schleifartikel (20) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Substrat einen Film aufweist, der aus einer Gruppe ausgewählt wird, die im wesentlichen Polyesterfilm, Polyethylenfilm und Polypropylenfilm aufweist.
  16. Schleifartikel (20) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Schleifmaterial (28) durch ein aushärtendes Haftmittel (25) am Substrat (22) angebracht ist.
EP93907085A 1992-04-13 1993-03-01 Schleifmittel Expired - Lifetime EP0636057B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86800792A 1992-04-13 1992-04-13
US868007 1992-04-13
PCT/US1993/001789 WO1993020976A1 (en) 1992-04-13 1993-03-01 Abrasive article

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0636057A1 EP0636057A1 (de) 1995-02-01
EP0636057B1 true EP0636057B1 (de) 1997-05-28

Family

ID=25350905

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93907085A Expired - Lifetime EP0636057B1 (de) 1992-04-13 1993-03-01 Schleifmittel

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0636057B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH07505583A (de)
KR (1) KR950700809A (de)
AU (1) AU3781293A (de)
CA (1) CA2131526A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69311105T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2104137T3 (de)
WO (1) WO1993020976A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7037403B1 (en) 1992-12-28 2006-05-02 Applied Materials Inc. In-situ real-time monitoring technique and apparatus for detection of thin films during chemical/mechanical polishing planarization
US6614529B1 (en) 1992-12-28 2003-09-02 Applied Materials, Inc. In-situ real-time monitoring technique and apparatus for endpoint detection of thin films during chemical/mechanical polishing planarization
GB9322174D0 (en) * 1993-10-28 1993-12-15 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Abrasive article
US5607345A (en) * 1994-01-13 1997-03-04 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrading apparatus
US6719818B1 (en) 1995-03-28 2004-04-13 Applied Materials, Inc. Apparatus and method for in-situ endpoint detection for chemical mechanical polishing operations
US6537133B1 (en) 1995-03-28 2003-03-25 Applied Materials, Inc. Method for in-situ endpoint detection for chemical mechanical polishing operations
US5893796A (en) 1995-03-28 1999-04-13 Applied Materials, Inc. Forming a transparent window in a polishing pad for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus
JP3431115B2 (ja) 1995-03-28 2003-07-28 アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッド ケミカルメカニカルポリシングの操作をインシチュウでモニタするための装置及び方法
US6676717B1 (en) 1995-03-28 2004-01-13 Applied Materials Inc Apparatus and method for in-situ endpoint detection for chemical mechanical polishing operations
US6876454B1 (en) 1995-03-28 2005-04-05 Applied Materials, Inc. Apparatus and method for in-situ endpoint detection for chemical mechanical polishing operations
US5605760A (en) * 1995-08-21 1997-02-25 Rodel, Inc. Polishing pads
JP3853437B2 (ja) * 1996-08-08 2006-12-06 大日本印刷株式会社 研磨シート
US6106922A (en) * 1997-10-03 2000-08-22 3M Innovative Company Coextruded mechanical fastener constructions
US6994607B2 (en) 2001-12-28 2006-02-07 Applied Materials, Inc. Polishing pad with window
US6179709B1 (en) 1999-02-04 2001-01-30 Applied Materials, Inc. In-situ monitoring of linear substrate polishing operations
EP1165313B2 (de) 1999-02-25 2014-09-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Methode zur herstellung einer stoffbahn mit getrennten stengelförmigen zonen.
US6524164B1 (en) 1999-09-14 2003-02-25 Applied Materials, Inc. Polishing pad with transparent window having reduced window leakage for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus
JP2001252878A (ja) * 2000-03-08 2001-09-18 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 研磨シート
US20020019206A1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2002-02-14 Deka Ganesh Chandra Colored loop substrate for releasably attachable abrasive sheet material
US7374477B2 (en) 2002-02-06 2008-05-20 Applied Materials, Inc. Polishing pads useful for endpoint detection in chemical mechanical polishing
US8485862B2 (en) 2000-05-19 2013-07-16 Applied Materials, Inc. Polishing pad for endpoint detection and related methods
US6599177B2 (en) * 2001-06-25 2003-07-29 Saint-Gobain Abrasives Technology Company Coated abrasives with indicia
US7264536B2 (en) 2003-09-23 2007-09-04 Applied Materials, Inc. Polishing pad with window
DE602006018375D1 (de) * 2006-03-03 2010-12-30 Sandro Giovanni Giuseppe Ferronato
WO2007144915A1 (en) * 2006-06-16 2007-12-21 Power-Tech Srl Abrasive member
JP2012066328A (ja) * 2010-09-22 2012-04-05 Disco Corp ドレッシングボードおよびドレッシングボード収容ケース
US10245705B2 (en) 2014-11-07 2019-04-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Printed abrasive article
DE102021215121A1 (de) 2021-12-30 2023-07-06 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Schleifmittel

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4437269A (en) * 1979-08-17 1984-03-20 S.I.A.C.O. Limited Abrasive and polishing sheets
DE3942301C1 (de) * 1989-12-21 1991-02-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0636057A1 (de) 1995-02-01
KR950700809A (ko) 1995-02-20
CA2131526A1 (en) 1993-10-28
DE69311105D1 (de) 1997-07-03
WO1993020976A1 (en) 1993-10-28
JPH07505583A (ja) 1995-06-22
AU3781293A (en) 1993-11-18
DE69311105T2 (de) 1997-10-30
ES2104137T3 (es) 1997-10-01

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