EP0633622B1 - Blitzschutz für Antennensysteme - Google Patents

Blitzschutz für Antennensysteme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0633622B1
EP0633622B1 EP94304862A EP94304862A EP0633622B1 EP 0633622 B1 EP0633622 B1 EP 0633622B1 EP 94304862 A EP94304862 A EP 94304862A EP 94304862 A EP94304862 A EP 94304862A EP 0633622 B1 EP0633622 B1 EP 0633622B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguide
line
antenna
segment
waves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94304862A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0633622A1 (de
Inventor
Oren Hartal
Eliezer Milstein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Israel Ministry of Defence
State of Israel
Original Assignee
Israel Ministry of Defence
State of Israel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Israel Ministry of Defence, State of Israel filed Critical Israel Ministry of Defence
Publication of EP0633622A1 publication Critical patent/EP0633622A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0633622B1 publication Critical patent/EP0633622B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to means for protecting electrical components from the damaging effects of lightning and, more particularly, to means for protecting a receiver or transmitter front end, which may be an amplifier, a pre-amplifier, mixer, detector, filter, limiter, T/R switch and the like, connected to an antenna, from being damaged when lightning strikes the antenna.
  • a receiver or transmitter front end which may be an amplifier, a pre-amplifier, mixer, detector, filter, limiter, T/R switch and the like, connected to an antenna, from being damaged when lightning strikes the antenna.
  • Typical antenna systems such as those used in the transmission and reception of microwave signals, include an antenna dish mounted in a prominent position, usually on a mast and/or on top of a building, where it can achieve line-of-sight contact with other antennas.
  • the antenna is connected by a transmission line, typically a coaxial line or cable, to a front end located in the vicinity of the antenna, and from there to the rest of the components of the system.
  • the coaxial line directs the high voltage impulse to the front end and, typically, destroys it, rendering the system inoperable and necessitating the replacement of the damage component.
  • GB-A-736,365 teaches a high frequency coupling arrangement comprising a non-metallic dielectric waveconductor (i.e. a non-metallic waveguide) and means for feeding and taking high frequency energy from the non-metallic dielectric waveconductor, which prevents passage of low frequency coupling arrangement.
  • a non-metallic dielectric waveconductor i.e. a non-metallic waveguide
  • JP-A-01 278 101 teaches a wave propagating line including a metallic waveguide line and, like GB-A-736,365, an insulating waveguide implemented therein. JP-A-01 278 101 further teaches grounding of the wave propagating line on the antenna's side to create a low resistivity path to ground.
  • an electronic protection system comprising at least one electronic device connected to a wave propagating line at least one segment of which is a coaxial line and at least one other segment of which is a wave conductor to protect the device or devices from the effects of a high voltage impulse of relatively low frequency, characterised in that the at least one other segment is a waveguide having an electrically conductive guide wall extending from its input to its output and dimensioned to allow free passage of waves of relatively high frequencies during normal operation while substantially preventing the propagation of the relatively low frequency waves of the impulse.
  • the waveguide is either rectangular or circular in cross-section.
  • the present invention successfully addresses the shortcomings of the presently known configurations as it is able to provide a simple solution to the problem of damage from lightning to electrical components connected to antennas and similar devices. While the description herein is concerned mainly with the protection of a front end connected to a microwave antenna against the detrimental effects of a lightning strike, it will be readily appreciated that the present invention can be applied in a variety of systems wherein it is desired to isolate an electronic component from the detrimental effects of a high voltage impulse of relatively low frequency.
  • the present invention discloses a novel wave propagating line which includes at least one segment made up of a waveguide of electrically conductive material.
  • the waveguide is characterised in that it substantially prevents the transmission of waves below a certain frequency, depending on the dimensions of the waveguide.
  • the presence of the waveguide in a transmission line, such as a conventional coaxial line, serves to isolate electronic equipment from lightning.
  • the present invention is a means for protecting electronic equipment from the detrimental effects of certain high voltage impulses. Specifically, the present invention can be used to isolate a front end connected to a microwave antenna from the effects of lightning strikes.
  • transmissions lines are available in many forms. The most important and widely used of all the many possible transmission lines is the coaxial line, or coaxial cable, as it is sometimes called when used with flexible conductors.
  • the antenna In a conventional microwave antenna system, the antenna is connected to a nearby amplifier, mixer, detector, and the like, through a suitable coaxial cable.
  • a disadvantage of such a system is that a lightning strike of the antenna can destroy the front end.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a typical system, according to the present invention.
  • a transmission line 10 such as a coaxial line, is used to connect, for example, a microwave antenna 12 , or portion of a compound antenna made up of a series of elements, and a front end which is made up, for example, of an amplifier 14 .
  • transmission line 10 does not directly connect microwave antenna 12 and the front end, such as, for example, amplifier 14 .
  • a waveguide 16 of suitable dimensions, as described below, is connected in series with transmission line 10 .
  • the waveguide is conventional in that it is a metallic waveguide, i.e. it has an electrically conductive guide wall or walls extending from its input to its output.
  • the connection may be as in Figure 1 with waveguide 16 connected at both ends to segments of coaxial lines 10 .
  • waveguide 16 may be connected at one end to either antenna 12 or amplifier 14 and to transmission line 10 at the other. In other embodiments, more than one segments of waveguide 16 may be used.
  • the combination of one or more segments of waveguide 16 connected in series with one or more segments of transmission line 10 together forms a wave transmission line.
  • Coaxial line 10 includes a cylindrical inner conductor 18 of radius 'a' which is wrapped by annular dielectric 20 of outer radius 'b' insulating inner conductor 18 from annular outer conductor 22 which is, in turn, covered by an insulating jacket 24 .
  • waveguides 16 Two typical examples of waveguides 16 are shown in Figure 3 and 4 which depict a waveguide of rectangular cross section having a width 'a' and height 'b' and a waveguide of circular cross section having a radius 'a', respectively.
  • the waveguide may be of any suitable design, including, but not limited to, single-ridged and double-ridged waveguides.
  • Both transmission lines, such as coaxial lines 10 , and waveguides 16 propagate waves by modes. However, in contrast with transmission lines, such as coaxial lines 10 , which operate at any frequency up to a maximum, or cutoff value, waveguides 16 have mininum, as well as maximum, cutoff frequencies.
  • the present invention takes advantage of the fact that waveguides have minimum cutoff frequencies.
  • the waveguide may be of any suitable height and length, which may be selected so as to reduce losses at the transitions between the waveguide and the coaxial line.

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Elektronisches Schutzsystem, das zumindest eine elektronische Einrichtung (14) umfaßt, die mit einer Wellenübertragungsleitung (10) verbunden ist, wovon zumindest ein Segment eine Koaxialleitung und zumindest eine weiteres Segment ein Wellenleiter (16) ist, um die Einrichtung oder Einrichtungen vor den Wirkungen eines Hochspannungsimpulses relativ niedriger Frequenz zu schützen,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    das zumindest eine weitere Segment ein Wellenleiter (16) ist, der eine elektrisch leitende Leiterwand hat, die sich von dessen Eingang zu dessen Ausgang erstreckt und so dimensioniert ist, daß sie einen freien Durchgang von Wellen relativ hoher Frequenzen im normalen Betrieb erlaubt, während sie im wesentlichen die Ausbreitung von Wellen relativ niedriger Frequenz des Impulses verhindert.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, bei dem der Wellenleiter im Querschnitt rechteckig ist (Fig. 3).
  3. System nach Anspruch 1, bei dem der Wellenleiter im Querschnitt kreisförmig ist (Fig. 4).
  4. System nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, bei dem die Leitung ein einziges Segment (16) des Wellenleiters enthält, das an beiden Enden mit der Wellenübertragungsleitung (10) verbunden ist.
  5. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Leitung mit einer Antenne (12) zum Schützen gegen einen Hochspannungsimpuls relativ niedriger Frequenz, der durch einen Blitz erzeugt wird, verbunden ist.
  6. System nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Antenne (12) eine Mikrowellenanantenne ist.
  7. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die elektronische Einrichtung (14) ein Verstärker ist.
  8. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Wellenleiter (16) derart dimensioniert ist, daß er im wesentlichen den Durchgang von Wellen bis zu 100 MHz verhindert.
EP94304862A 1993-07-08 1994-07-01 Blitzschutz für Antennensysteme Expired - Lifetime EP0633622B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL10627493A IL106274A (en) 1993-07-08 1993-07-08 Lightning protection for antenna system
IL10627493 1993-07-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0633622A1 EP0633622A1 (de) 1995-01-11
EP0633622B1 true EP0633622B1 (de) 1999-09-22

Family

ID=11065028

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94304862A Expired - Lifetime EP0633622B1 (de) 1993-07-08 1994-07-01 Blitzschutz für Antennensysteme

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0633622B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69420784T2 (de)
IL (1) IL106274A (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10133359A1 (de) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-23 Rohde & Schwarz Breitbandige Blitzschutzvorrichtung
FR2953069B1 (fr) * 2009-11-24 2012-03-09 Eads Europ Aeronautic Defence Dispositif de protection contre la foudre d'un recepteur d'antenne et avion le comportant
EP3043064B8 (de) * 2015-01-12 2022-04-13 LM Wind Power A/S Windturbine mit blitzschutzsystem

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB736365A (en) * 1952-03-19 1955-09-07 Telefunken Gmbh Improvements in or relating to high frequency coupling arrangements
JP2544440B2 (ja) * 1988-04-30 1996-10-16 富士通株式会社 絶縁体成形の導波管を用いた避雷構造
US4985800A (en) * 1989-10-30 1991-01-15 Feldman Nathan W Lighting protection apparatus for RF equipment and the like

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL106274A0 (en) 1993-12-28
IL106274A (en) 1999-09-22
EP0633622A1 (de) 1995-01-11
DE69420784T2 (de) 2000-04-20
DE69420784D1 (de) 1999-10-28

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