EP0631971A1 - Magnetic carrier with permanent magnets - Google Patents

Magnetic carrier with permanent magnets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0631971A1
EP0631971A1 EP94420115A EP94420115A EP0631971A1 EP 0631971 A1 EP0631971 A1 EP 0631971A1 EP 94420115 A EP94420115 A EP 94420115A EP 94420115 A EP94420115 A EP 94420115A EP 0631971 A1 EP0631971 A1 EP 0631971A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
permanent magnets
pole pieces
magnetic carrier
fixed part
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Granted
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EP94420115A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0631971B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Doyelle
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Braillon Magnetique SA
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Braillon Magnetique SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/04—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a magnetic carrier with permanent magnets, comprising a fixed part with two pole pieces symmetrical with respect to a vertical median plane, joined to each other by non-magnetic elements, and a rotor of generally cylindrical shape mounted rotating around a horizontal axis between the two pole pieces of the fixed part, the rotor comprising permanent magnets inserted between two pieces of mild steel, and being movable in rotation between an angular position "on” and an angular position "off” using an operating device.
  • the present invention aims to avoid these drawbacks, by providing a magnetic carrier which is simple and economical to produce, but powerful and suitable for handling large objects, and which can be easily retained against the tilting effect.
  • the two pole pieces of the fixed part move away from one another downward, the distance between their respective lower ends, constituting active poles in the "on" position, thus being important, and the rotor has a structure asymmetrical, its two mild steel parts being uneven.
  • the asymmetry of the rotor thus makes it possible to arrange the two pole pieces of the fixed part so as to increase the width of the magnetic carrier at its base, which is advantageous for taking objects of relatively large dimensions.
  • This configuration also improves the retention at tilting, when switching the device between the "on” and "off” positions.
  • the two pole pieces of the fixed part of the magnetic carrier are joined to each other, at their top and at their base, by two non-magnetic, horizontal connection plates, with an upper link plate of smaller width, and a lower link plate of larger width.
  • the fixed part also comprises two non-magnetic closing flanges, of trapezoidal shape, fixed vertically against the two pole pieces and the two connecting plates, and carrying the bearings of the rotor.
  • the assembly of the magnetic carrier according to the invention thus has a characteristic shape, of trapezoidal section, both compact, well suited to the function of the carrier, and aesthetic.
  • the two opposite mild steel parts of the rotor have unequal sections, in the form of circular segments, one relatively large and the other relatively small.
  • the permanent magnets, inserted between these two mild steel parts are advantageously magnets of the "rare earth” type, in particular "Neodymium-Iron-Boron” magnets. It will also be noted that the asymmetry of the permanent magnet rotor allows the passage from the "on" position to the "off” position, and vice-versa, by a rotation of this rotor around its horizontal axis by an angle less than 90 °. , while the switching angle is 90 ° in traditional designs with perfectly symmetrical rotor structure.
  • the operating device provided for controlling the "on-off” switching comprises, outside the fixed part of the magnetic carrier, a radial tube with handle which is linked in rotation with the rotor and in which is slidingly mounted a push rod pushed outwards by a spring, the push rod carrying a finger or a pin which passes through at least one longitudinal opening of the aforementioned tube and which is engaged in a fixed hollow part, of circular outline having at minus a notch for indexing the rotor in its angular "on” position.
  • the aforementioned recessed part is preferably a recessed area in the external face of one of the closing flanges of the fixed part.
  • the magnetic carrier shown in the drawing comprises a fixed part, comprising two pole pieces 1 and 2 and two connecting plates 3 and 4, which houses a rotor of generally cylindrical shape 5 mounted rotating around a horizontal axis 6.
  • the two pole pieces 1 and 2 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical median plane 7.
  • the two pole pieces 1 and 2 move away from each other. one from the other down, their upper parts 8 being relatively close together and their lower ends 9, separated from each other, lying in the same horizontal plane 10.
  • the upper connecting plate 3 rectangular and relatively narrow, is welded at 11 to the respective upper parts 8 of the two pole pieces 1 and 2. In the middle of this upper connecting plate 3, which extends horizontally, is fixed a ring of lifting 12.
  • the lower, relatively wide rectangular connection plate 4 is welded at 13 to the two pole pieces 1 and 2, at a low height above their respective lower ends 9. This lower connecting plate 4 extends horizontally at a low height above the horizontal plane 10.
  • the two connecting plates 3 and 4 are made of non-magnetic stainless steel.
  • Two trapezoidal closing flanges 14 and 15 also made of non-magnetic metallic material, are welded in vertical position on either side of the fixed part, against the two pole pieces 1 and 2 and against the two connection plates 3 and 4 - see also figures 3 and 4.
  • the internal faces of the two pole pieces 1 and 2 have concave cylindrical zones, respectively 16 and 17, located in correspondence with the periphery of the cylindrical rotor 5 and providing an air gap 18.
  • the two closing flanges 14 and 15 have respective rings 19 and 20, serving as bearings for centering and guiding in rotation, around the horizontal axis 6, of two pins 21 and 22 provided at the two ends of the rotor 5.
  • the rotor 5 itself comprises a first piece of mild steel 23 and a second piece of mild steel 24, between which permanent magnets are inserted 25.
  • This rotor 5 has an asymmetrical structure: the first piece of mild steel 23 has a section in the form of a relatively small circle segment, and the second piece of mild steel 24 has a section in the form of a relatively large circle segment, which can be a little larger than a semicircle as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the permanent magnets 25, inserted between the two opposite mild steel parts 23 and 24, are magnets of the "rare earth” type, such as neodymium-iron-boron magnets.
  • the direction of magnetization of all these magnets 25 is orthogonal to the axis of rotation 6 of the rotor 5, so that the lines of force 26 of the magnetic field created by these magnets 25 pass through the two pieces of mild steel 23 and 24.
  • the rotor 5 In the "off" position, as shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 5 is angularly positioned so that its first piece of mild steel 23 is located at the top, while its second piece of mild steel 24 is located at the bottom, the magnets 25 lying in a horizontal plane.
  • the lines of force 26 of the magnetic field created by these magnets 25 then close in "short circuit” through the two pole pieces 1 and 2.
  • the attraction exerted by the lower ends 9 of these pole pieces 1 and 2 is zero. .
  • the rotor 5 occupies a different angular position, in which its magnets 25 are located in an inclined plane, forming an acute angle ⁇ relative to the vertical median plane 7.
  • the first part made of mild steel 23 of the rotor 5 is thus located opposite the concave zone 16 of the pole piece 1
  • the second piece of mild steel 24 of the rotor 5 is located opposite the concave area 17 of the other pole piece 2
  • the two pole pieces 1 and 2 thus form, by their respective lower ends 9, two active poles, one "North” and the other "South”; any piece 27 of ferromagnetic material can be attracted by these active poles, the lines of force 26 then closing by the pole piece 1, the attracted piece 27 and the other pole piece 2.
  • the magnetic carrier is provided with a manual switching device designated as a whole by the reference 28, and shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • a hub 29 linked in rotation with the pin 21 by a pin 30.
  • the hub 29 supports a radial tube 31, around which is fixed an operating handle 32.
  • a rod 33 Inside the tube 31 is slidably mounted a rod 33, pushed outwards by a spring 34, the outer end 35 of the rod 33 projecting slightly out of the tube 31 to form a push button.
  • the rod 33 Towards its inner end, the rod 33 carries a pin 36, which passes through longitudinal slots 37 of the wall of the tube 31 and which is engaged in a recessed area 38 of the external face of the closing flange 14.
  • the recessed area 38 has an outline 39 of generally circular shape, but having a notch 40 formed in a predetermined angular position, corresponding to the "on" position of the rotor 5.
  • the engagement of the pin 36 in the notch 40 indexes the rotor 5 in the "on” position. To leave this position, it is necessary to press on the outer end 35 of the rod 33, to make it slide against the force of the spring 34, so as to extract the pin 36 from the notch 40.
  • a indexing in the "off" position is not provided, because it is unnecessary.
  • the invention is not limited to the only embodiment of this magnetic carrier with permanent magnets which has been described above, by way of example; on the contrary, it embraces all of the variant embodiments and applications respecting the same principle.

Abstract

Le porteur magnétique comprend une partie fixe avec deux pièces polaires (1,2), symétriques par rapport à un plan médian vertical (7), réunies l'une à l'autre par des éléments amagnétiques (3,4), et un rotor cylindrique (5) monté tournant autour d'un axe horizontal (6) entre les deux pièces polaires (1,2). Ces deux pièces polaires (1,2) vont en s'écartant l'une de l'autre vers le bas, de manière à augmenter la distance entre leurs extrémités inférieures (9) respectives constituant, en position "marche", des pôles actifs permettant l'attraction d'un objet en matériau ferromagnétique (27). Le rotor (5) possède une structure dissymétrique, avec deux pièces en acier doux (23,24) inégales, entre lesquelles sont insérées des aimants permanents (25), du type "terres rares". Application : manutention de pièces métalliques. <IMAGE>The magnetic carrier comprises a fixed part with two pole pieces (1,2), symmetrical with respect to a vertical median plane (7), joined to one another by non-magnetic elements (3,4), and a rotor cylindrical (5) mounted rotating around a horizontal axis (6) between the two pole pieces (1,2). These two pole pieces (1,2) move away from each other downward, so as to increase the distance between their respective lower ends (9) constituting, in the "on" position, active poles allowing the attraction of an object made of ferromagnetic material (27). The rotor (5) has an asymmetrical structure, with two uneven mild steel parts (23,24), between which are inserted permanent magnets (25), of the "rare earth" type. Application: handling of metal parts. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un porteur magnétique à aimants permanents, comprenant une partie fixe avec deux pièces polaires symétriques par rapport à un plan- médian vertical, réunies l'une à l'autre par des éléments amagnétiques, et un rotor de forme générale cylindrique monté tournant autour d'un axe horizontal entre les deux pièces polaires de la partie fixe, le rotor comprenant des aimants permanents insérés entre deux pièces en acier doux, et étant déplaçable en rotation entre une position angulaire "marche" et une position angulaire "arrêt" à l'aide d'un dispositif de manoeuvre.The present invention relates to a magnetic carrier with permanent magnets, comprising a fixed part with two pole pieces symmetrical with respect to a vertical median plane, joined to each other by non-magnetic elements, and a rotor of generally cylindrical shape mounted rotating around a horizontal axis between the two pole pieces of the fixed part, the rotor comprising permanent magnets inserted between two pieces of mild steel, and being movable in rotation between an angular position "on" and an angular position "off" using an operating device.

Dans un tel porteur magnétique à aimants permanents, les extrémités inférieures respectives des deux pièces polaires forment, en position "marche", des pôles actifs permettant l'attraction d'objets en matériau ferromagnétique, au travers desquels se referment alors les lignes de force du champ magnétique créé - par les aimants permanents du rotor. Par contre, dans la position "arrêt", ces lignes de force se referment en court-circuit à travers les seules pièces polaires, ce qui rend celles-ci inactives, On réalise ainsi un appareil adapté pour la manutention de pièces métalliques ferromagnétiques permettant la préhension, le déplacement et la pose de telles pièces, cet appareil étant suspendu à un engin de levage pour son utilisation.In such a magnetic carrier with permanent magnets, the respective lower ends of the two pole pieces form, in the "on" position, active poles allowing the attraction of objects made of ferromagnetic material, through which the lines of force of the magnetic field created - by permanent magnets of the rotor. On the other hand, in the "off" position, these lines of force close in short circuit through the pole pieces only, which makes them inactive. This produces an apparatus suitable for handling ferromagnetic metal parts allowing the gripping, moving and installing such parts, this device being suspended from a lifting device for its use.

Bien que des porteurs magnétiques du genre précité soient déjà connus, des raisons économiques conduisent encore aujourd'hui les constructeurs à réaliser plutôt des porteurs magnétiques associant des aimants permanents fixes à des aimants permanents mobiles, ces derniers étant montés dans un rotor. Les réalisations correspondantes restent relativement lourdes et encombrantes. A titre d'exemples de réalisations de ce type, on peut citer les brevets français N° 2523940 et N° 2675299, ou la demande de brevet européen N° 0090746, ou encore la demande de brevet allemand N° 2704118. Les réalisations connues sont généralement entièrement symétriques, par rapport à un plan médian vertical.Although magnetic carriers of the aforementioned kind are already known, economic reasons still lead manufacturers today to produce rather magnetic carriers associating fixed permanent magnets with mobile permanent magnets, the latter being mounted in a rotor. The corresponding embodiments remain relatively heavy and bulky. By way of examples of embodiments of this type, mention may be made of French patents N ° 2523940 and N ° 2675299, or European patent application N ° 0090746, or even the application for German patent N ° 2704118. The known embodiments are generally entirely symmetrical, with respect to a vertical median plane.

La baisse récente du coût de certains aimants permanents à grande énergie volumique, tels que les aimants "Néodyme-Fer-Bore", permet d'envisager des porteurs magnétiques plus simples et plus légers, mais suffisamment puissants, comportant seulement des aimants au rotor, tandis que la partie fixe se limite à deux pièces polaires rapprochées, situées de part et d'autre du rotor et reliées l'une à l'autre par des éléments amagnétiques. Toutefois, si l'on conserve ici les conceptions traditionnelles, l'ensemble s'inscrit dans un volume parallélépipèdique. Ainsi, les pôles actifs respectifs des deux pièces polaires sont relativement rapprochés. Ceci peut s'avérer désavantageux, pour la prise d'objets de relativement grandes dimensions, la base de l'appareil étant de portée trop étroite au regard des exigences de sécurité. De plus, le porteur magnétique lui-même possède une stabilité insuffisante, et il est difficile de le retenir contre l'effet de basculement, notamment lors des manoeuvres de commutation "marche-arrêt" effectuées à l'aide d'un levier d'armement.The recent drop in the cost of certain permanent magnets with high volume energy, such as "Neodymium-Iron-Boron" magnets, makes it possible to envisage simpler and lighter, but sufficiently powerful magnetic carriers, comprising only magnets on the rotor, while the fixed part is limited to two close pole pieces, located on either side of the rotor and connected to each other by non-magnetic elements. However, if we keep the traditional conceptions here, the whole fits into a parallelepiped volume. Thus, the respective active poles of the two pole pieces are relatively close together. This can prove to be disadvantageous for taking objects of relatively large dimensions, the base of the device being too narrow in range with regard to security requirements. In addition, the magnetic carrier itself has insufficient stability, and it is difficult to retain it against the tilting effect, in particular during “on-off” switching maneuvers carried out using a lever. armament.

La présente invention vise à éviter ces inconvénients, en fournissant un porteur magnétique de réalisation simple et économique, mais puissant et adapté pour la manutention d'objets de grandes dimensions, et pouvant être aisément retenu contre l'effet de basculement.The present invention aims to avoid these drawbacks, by providing a magnetic carrier which is simple and economical to produce, but powerful and suitable for handling large objects, and which can be easily retained against the tilting effect.

A cet effet, dans le porteur magnétique à aimants permanents selon l'invention, du genre indiqué en introduction, les deux pièces polaires de la partie fixe vont en s'écartant l'une de l'autre vers le bas, la distance entre leurs extrémités inférieures respectives, constituant en position "marche" des pôles actifs, étant ainsi importante, et le rotor possède une structure dissymétrique, ses deux pièces en acier doux étant inégales.To this end, in the magnetic carrier with permanent magnets according to the invention, of the kind indicated in the introduction, the two pole pieces of the fixed part move away from one another downward, the distance between their respective lower ends, constituting active poles in the "on" position, thus being important, and the rotor has a structure asymmetrical, its two mild steel parts being uneven.

La dissymétrie du rotor permet ainsi de disposer les deux pièces polaires de la partie fixe de manière à augmenter la largeur du porteur magnétique à sa base, ce qui est avantageux pour la prise d'objets de relativement grandes dimensions. Cette configuration améliore aussi la retenue au basculement, lors de la commutation de l'appareil entre les positions "marche" et "arrêt".The asymmetry of the rotor thus makes it possible to arrange the two pole pieces of the fixed part so as to increase the width of the magnetic carrier at its base, which is advantageous for taking objects of relatively large dimensions. This configuration also improves the retention at tilting, when switching the device between the "on" and "off" positions.

Dans une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, les deux pièces polaires de la partie fixe du porteur magnétique sont réunies l'une à l'autre, à leur sommet et à leur base, par deux plaques de liaison amagnétiques, horizontales, avec une plaque de liaison supérieure de plus petite largeur, et une plaque de liaison inférieure de plus grande largeur. Avantageusement, la partie fixe comprend encore deux flasques de fermeture amagnétiques, de forme trapézoïdale, fixés verticalement contre les deux pièces polaires et les deux plaques de liaison, et portant les paliers du rotor.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the two pole pieces of the fixed part of the magnetic carrier are joined to each other, at their top and at their base, by two non-magnetic, horizontal connection plates, with an upper link plate of smaller width, and a lower link plate of larger width. Advantageously, the fixed part also comprises two non-magnetic closing flanges, of trapezoidal shape, fixed vertically against the two pole pieces and the two connecting plates, and carrying the bearings of the rotor.

L'ensemble du porteur magnétique selon l'invention présente ainsi une forme caractéristique, de section trapézoïdale, à la fois compacte, bien adaptée à la fonction du porteur, et esthétique.The assembly of the magnetic carrier according to the invention thus has a characteristic shape, of trapezoidal section, both compact, well suited to the function of the carrier, and aesthetic.

Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les deux pièces opposées en acier doux du rotor possèdent des sections inégales, en forme de segments de cercle, l'un relativement grand et l'autre relativement petit. Les aimants permanents, insérés entre ces deux pièces en acier doux, sont avantageusement des aimants du type "terres rares", notamment des aimants "Néodyme-Fer-Bore". On notera aussi que la dissymétrie du rotor à aimants permanents permet le passage de la position "marche" à la position "arrêt", et vice-versa, par une rotation de ce rotor autour de son axe horizontal sur un angle inférieur à 90°, alors que l'angle de commutation est égal à 90° dans les réalisations traditionnelles avec rotor de structure parfaitement symétrique.According to another aspect of the invention, the two opposite mild steel parts of the rotor have unequal sections, in the form of circular segments, one relatively large and the other relatively small. The permanent magnets, inserted between these two mild steel parts, are advantageously magnets of the "rare earth" type, in particular "Neodymium-Iron-Boron" magnets. It will also be noted that the asymmetry of the permanent magnet rotor allows the passage from the "on" position to the "off" position, and vice-versa, by a rotation of this rotor around its horizontal axis by an angle less than 90 °. , while the switching angle is 90 ° in traditional designs with perfectly symmetrical rotor structure.

Selon une caractéristique complémentaire, le dispositif de manoeuvre prévu pour commander la commutation "marche-arrêt" comprend, à l'extérieur de la partie fixe du porteur magnétique, un tube radial avec poignée qui est lié en rotation avec le rotor et dans lequel est montée coulissante une tige-poussoir repoussée vers l'extérieur par un ressort, la tige-poussoir portant un doigt ou une goupille qui traverse au moins une lumière longitudinale du tube précité et qui est engagée dans une partie évidée fixe, de contour circulaire présentant au moins une encoche pour l'indexage du rotor dans sa position angulaire "marche". La partie évidée précitée est, de préférence, une zone évidée dans la face externe de l'un des flasques de fermeture de la partie fixe. Le dispositif de commutation ainsi réalisé est simple et d'un maniement aisé, une simple pression sur l'extrémité de la tige-poussoir permettant de déverrouiller le rotor en position "marche", en dégageant la goupille de l'encoche correspondante, pour le faire tourner vers sa position "arrêt".According to an additional characteristic, the operating device provided for controlling the "on-off" switching comprises, outside the fixed part of the magnetic carrier, a radial tube with handle which is linked in rotation with the rotor and in which is slidingly mounted a push rod pushed outwards by a spring, the push rod carrying a finger or a pin which passes through at least one longitudinal opening of the aforementioned tube and which is engaged in a fixed hollow part, of circular outline having at minus a notch for indexing the rotor in its angular "on" position. The aforementioned recessed part is preferably a recessed area in the external face of one of the closing flanges of the fixed part. The switching device thus produced is simple and easy to handle, a simple pressure on the end of the push rod making it possible to unlock the rotor in the "on" position, by disengaging the pin from the corresponding notch, for the rotate to its "off" position.

De toute façon, l'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique annexé représentant, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme d'exécution de ce porteur magnétique à aimants permanents :

  • Figure 1 est une vue en coupe verticale d'un porteur magnétique conforme à la présente invention, en position "arrêt" ;
  • Figure 2 est une vue en coupe verticale du porteur magnétique de figure 1, en position "marche" ;
  • Figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de ce porteur magnétique, suivant III-III de figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4 est une vue de face, suivant la flèche F de figure 3, du flasque de fermeture associé au dispositif de commutation "marche-arrêt".
In any case, the invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawing representing, by way of nonlimiting example, an embodiment of this magnetic carrier with permanent magnets:
  • Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a magnetic carrier according to the present invention, in the "off"position;
  • Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the magnetic carrier of Figure 1, in the "on"position;
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of this magnetic carrier, according to III-III of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a front view, along arrow F of Figure 3, of the closing flange associated with the "on-off" switching device.

Le porteur magnétique représenté au dessin comprend une partie fixe, comprenant deux pièces polaires 1 et 2 et deux plaques de liaison 3 et 4, qui loge un rotor de forme générale cylindrique 5 monté tournant autour d'un axe horizontal 6.The magnetic carrier shown in the drawing comprises a fixed part, comprising two pole pieces 1 and 2 and two connecting plates 3 and 4, which houses a rotor of generally cylindrical shape 5 mounted rotating around a horizontal axis 6.

Comme le montrent plus particulièrement les figures 1 et 2, les deux pièces polaires 1 et 2, réalisées en acier doux, sont disposées symétriquement par rapport à un plan médian vertical 7. Les deux pièces polaires 1 et 2 vont en s'écartant l'une de l'autre vers le bas, leurs parties supérieures 8 étant relativement rapprochées et leurs extrémités inférieures 9, écartées l'une de l'autre, se situant dans un même plan horizontal 10.As shown more particularly in Figures 1 and 2, the two pole pieces 1 and 2, made of mild steel, are arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical median plane 7. The two pole pieces 1 and 2 move away from each other. one from the other down, their upper parts 8 being relatively close together and their lower ends 9, separated from each other, lying in the same horizontal plane 10.

La plaque de liaison 3 supérieure, rectangulaire et relativement étroite, est soudée en 11 aux parties supérieures 8 respectives des deux pièces polaires 1 et 2. Au milieu de cette plaque de liaison supérieure 3, qui s'étend horizontalement, est fixé un anneau de levage 12.The upper connecting plate 3, rectangular and relatively narrow, is welded at 11 to the respective upper parts 8 of the two pole pieces 1 and 2. In the middle of this upper connecting plate 3, which extends horizontally, is fixed a ring of lifting 12.

La plaque de liaison 4 inférieure, rectangulaire et relativement large, est soudée en 13 aux deux pièces polaires 1 et 2, à une faible hauteur au-dessus de leurs extrémités inférieures 9 respectives. Cette plaque de liaison inférieure 4 s'étend horizontalement à une faible hauteur au-dessus du plan horizontal 10.The lower, relatively wide rectangular connection plate 4 is welded at 13 to the two pole pieces 1 and 2, at a low height above their respective lower ends 9. This lower connecting plate 4 extends horizontally at a low height above the horizontal plane 10.

Les deux plaques de liaison 3 et 4 sont réalisées en acier inoxydable amagnétique.The two connecting plates 3 and 4 are made of non-magnetic stainless steel.

Deux flasques de fermeture trapézoïdaux 14 et 15 aussi réalisés en matériau métallique amagnétique, sont soudés en position verticale de part et d'autre de la partie fixe, contre les deux pièces polaires 1 et 2 et contre les deux plaques de liaison 3 et 4 - voir aussi figures 3 et 4.Two trapezoidal closing flanges 14 and 15 also made of non-magnetic metallic material, are welded in vertical position on either side of the fixed part, against the two pole pieces 1 and 2 and against the two connection plates 3 and 4 - see also figures 3 and 4.

L'ensemble formé par les pièces polaires 1 et 2, par les plaques de liaison 3 et 4 et par les flasques de fermeture 14 et 15 délimite une cavité, dans laquelle est logé le rotor cylindrique 5. Les faces internes des deux pièces polaires 1 et 2 présentent des zones concaves cylindriques, respectivement 16 et 17, situées en correspondance avec la périphérie du rotor cylindrique 5 et ménageant un entrefer 18.The assembly formed by the pole pieces 1 and 2, by the connection plates 3 and 4 and by the closing flanges 14 and 15 delimits a cavity, in which is housed the cylindrical rotor 5. The internal faces of the two pole pieces 1 and 2 have concave cylindrical zones, respectively 16 and 17, located in correspondence with the periphery of the cylindrical rotor 5 and providing an air gap 18.

Les deux flasques de fermeture 14 et 15 comportent des bagues respectives 19 et 20, servant de paliers pour le centrage et le guidage en rotation, autour de l'axe horizontal 6, de deux tourillons 21 et 22 prévus aux deux extrémités du rotor 5.The two closing flanges 14 and 15 have respective rings 19 and 20, serving as bearings for centering and guiding in rotation, around the horizontal axis 6, of two pins 21 and 22 provided at the two ends of the rotor 5.

Le rotor 5 lui-même comprend une première pièce en acier doux 23 et une deuxième pièce en acier doux 24, entre lesquelles sont insérés des aimants permanents 25. Ce rotor 5 possède une structure dissymétrique : la première pièce en acier doux 23 possède une section en forme de segment de cercle relativement petit, et la deuxième pièce en acier doux 24 possède une section en fomre de segment de cercle relativement grand, pouvant être un peu plus étendu qu'un demi-cercle comme le montrent les figures 1 à 3.The rotor 5 itself comprises a first piece of mild steel 23 and a second piece of mild steel 24, between which permanent magnets are inserted 25. This rotor 5 has an asymmetrical structure: the first piece of mild steel 23 has a section in the form of a relatively small circle segment, and the second piece of mild steel 24 has a section in the form of a relatively large circle segment, which can be a little larger than a semicircle as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.

Les aimants permanents 25, insérés entre les deux pièces opposées en acier doux 23 et 24, sont des aimants du type "terres rares", tels que des aimants Néodyme-Fer-Bore. Le sens d'aimantation de tous ces aimants 25 est orthogonal à l'axe de rotation 6 du rotor 5, de sorte que les lignes de force 26 du champ magnétique créé par ces aimants 25 traversent les deux pièces en acier doux 23 et 24.The permanent magnets 25, inserted between the two opposite mild steel parts 23 and 24, are magnets of the "rare earth" type, such as neodymium-iron-boron magnets. The direction of magnetization of all these magnets 25 is orthogonal to the axis of rotation 6 of the rotor 5, so that the lines of force 26 of the magnetic field created by these magnets 25 pass through the two pieces of mild steel 23 and 24.

En position "arrêt", comme le montre la figure 1, le rotor 5 est positionné angulairement de telle sorte que sa première pièce en acier doux 23 se situe en haut, tandis que sa deuxième pièce en acier doux 24 se situe en bas, les aimants 25 se trouvant dans un plan horizontal. Les lignes de force 26 du champ magnétique créé par ces aimants 25 se referment alors en "court-circuit" à travers les deux pièces polaires 1 et 2. L'attraction exercée par les extrémités inférieures 9 de ces pièces polaires 1 et 2 est nulle.In the "off" position, as shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 5 is angularly positioned so that its first piece of mild steel 23 is located at the top, while its second piece of mild steel 24 is located at the bottom, the magnets 25 lying in a horizontal plane. The lines of force 26 of the magnetic field created by these magnets 25 then close in "short circuit" through the two pole pieces 1 and 2. The attraction exerted by the lower ends 9 of these pole pieces 1 and 2 is zero. .

En position "marche", comme le montre la figure 2, le rotor 5 occupe une position angulaire différente, dans laquelle ses aimants 25 se situent dans un plan incliné, formant un angle aigu α par rapport au plan médian vertical 7. La première pièce en acier doux 23 du rotor 5 se situe ainsi en face de la zone concave 16 de la pièce polaire 1, et la deuxième pièce en acier doux 24 du rotor 5 se situe en face de la zone concave 17 de l'autre pièce polaire 2. Les deux pièces polaires 1 et 2 forment ainsi, par leurs extrémités inférieures 9 respectives, deux pôles actifs l'un "Nord" et l'autre "Sud" ; toute pièce 27 en matériau ferromagnétique peut être attirée par ces pôles actifs, les lignes de force 26 se refermant alors par la pièce polaire 1, la pièce attirée 27 et l'autre pièce polaire 2.In the "on" position, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 5 occupies a different angular position, in which its magnets 25 are located in an inclined plane, forming an acute angle α relative to the vertical median plane 7. The first part made of mild steel 23 of the rotor 5 is thus located opposite the concave zone 16 of the pole piece 1, and the second piece of mild steel 24 of the rotor 5 is located opposite the concave area 17 of the other pole piece 2 The two pole pieces 1 and 2 thus form, by their respective lower ends 9, two active poles, one "North" and the other "South"; any piece 27 of ferromagnetic material can be attracted by these active poles, the lines of force 26 then closing by the pole piece 1, the attracted piece 27 and the other pole piece 2.

Pour passer de la position "arrêt" à la position "marche", et vice-versa, le porteur magnétique est pourvu d'un dispositif de commutation manuelle désigné dans son ensemble par le repère 28, et montré aux figures 3 et 4.To move from the "off" position to the "on" position, and vice-versa, the magnetic carrier is provided with a manual switching device designated as a whole by the reference 28, and shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

Sur l'un des tourillons 21 du rotor 5, à l'extérieur de la partie fixe du porteur, est monté un moyeu 29 lié en rotation avec le tourillon 21 par une goupille 30. Le moyeu 29 supporte un tube radial 31, autour duquel est fixée une poignée de manoeuvre 32.On one of the pins 21 of the rotor 5, outside the fixed part of the carrier, is mounted a hub 29 linked in rotation with the pin 21 by a pin 30. The hub 29 supports a radial tube 31, around which is fixed an operating handle 32.

A l'intérieur du tube 31 est montée coulissante une tige 33, repoussée vers l'extérieur par un ressort 34, l'extrémité extérieure 35 de la tige 33 dépassant légèrement hors du tube 31 pour former un bouton-poussoir. Vers son extrémité intérieure, la tige 33 porte une goupille 36, qui traverse des lumières longitudinales 37 de la paroi du tube 31 et qui est engagée dans une zone évidée 38 de la face externe du flasque de fermeture 14.Inside the tube 31 is slidably mounted a rod 33, pushed outwards by a spring 34, the outer end 35 of the rod 33 projecting slightly out of the tube 31 to form a push button. Towards its inner end, the rod 33 carries a pin 36, which passes through longitudinal slots 37 of the wall of the tube 31 and which is engaged in a recessed area 38 of the external face of the closing flange 14.

Comme le montre plus particulièrement la figure 4, la zone évidée 38 possède un contour 39 de forme générale circulaire, mais présentant une encoche 40 ménagée dans une position angulaire prédéterminée, correspondant à la position "marche" du rotor 5. L'engagement de la goupille 36 dans l'encoche 40 assure l'indexage du rotor 5 en position "marche". Pour quitter cette position, il convient d'appuyer sur l'extrémité extérieure 35 de la tige 33, pour la faire coulisser à l'encontre de la force du ressort 34, de manière à extraire la goupille 36 de l'encoche 40. Un indexage en position "arrêt" n'est pas prévu, car il s'avère inutile.As shown more particularly in FIG. 4, the recessed area 38 has an outline 39 of generally circular shape, but having a notch 40 formed in a predetermined angular position, corresponding to the "on" position of the rotor 5. The engagement of the pin 36 in the notch 40 indexes the rotor 5 in the "on" position. To leave this position, it is necessary to press on the outer end 35 of the rod 33, to make it slide against the force of the spring 34, so as to extract the pin 36 from the notch 40. A indexing in the "off" position is not provided, because it is unnecessary.

Bien entendu, l'invention ne se limite pas à la seule forme d'exécution de ce porteur magnétique à aimants permanents qui a été décrite ci-dessus, à titre d'exemple ; elle en embrasse, au contraire, toutes les variantes de réalisation et d'application respectant le même principe. C'est ainsi, notamment, que l'on ne s'éloignerait pas du cadre de l'invention par des modifications concernant le détail des formes des diverses pièces du porteur magnétique, ou le type d'aimants incorporés dans le rotor, ou encore la constitution du dispositif de commutation "marche-arrêt".Of course, the invention is not limited to the only embodiment of this magnetic carrier with permanent magnets which has been described above, by way of example; on the contrary, it embraces all of the variant embodiments and applications respecting the same principle. Thus, in particular, that one would not depart from the scope of the invention by modifications concerning the detail of the shapes of the various parts of the magnetic carrier, or the type of magnets incorporated in the rotor, or else the constitution of the "on-off" switching device.

Claims (8)

Porteur magnétique à aimants permanents, comprenant une partie fixe avec deux pièces polaires (1,2), symétriques par rapport à un plan médian vertical (7), réunies l'une à l'autre par des éléments amagnétiques (3,4,14,15), et un rotor de forme générale cylindrique (5) monté tournant autour d'un axe horizontal (6) entre les deux pièces polaires (1,2) de la partie fixe, le rotor (5) comprenant des aimants permanents (25) insérés entre deux pièces opposées en acier doux (23,24), et étant déplaçable en rotation entre une position angulaire "marche" et une position angulaire "arrêt" à l'aide d'un dispositif de manoeuvre (28), caractérisé en ce que les deux pièces polaires (1,2) de la partie fixe vont en s'écartant l'une de l'autre vers le bas, la distance entre leurs extrémités inférieures (9) respectives, constituant en position "marche" des pôles actifs, étant ainsi importante, et en ce que le rotor (5) possède une structure dissymétrique, ses deux pièces en acier doux (23,24) étant inégales.Magnetic carrier with permanent magnets, comprising a fixed part with two pole pieces (1,2), symmetrical with respect to a vertical median plane (7), joined to one another by non-magnetic elements (3,4,14 , 15), and a generally cylindrical rotor (5) mounted rotating around a horizontal axis (6) between the two pole pieces (1,2) of the fixed part, the rotor (5) comprising permanent magnets ( 25) inserted between two opposite mild steel parts (23,24), and being movable in rotation between an angular position "on" and an angular position "off" using an operating device (28), characterized in that the two pole pieces (1,2) of the fixed part move away from one another downward, the distance between their respective lower ends (9), constituting in the "on" position active poles, being thus important, and in that the rotor (5) has an asymmetrical structure, its two parts the mild steel (23,24) being uneven. Porteur magnétique à aimants permanents selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux pièces polaires (1,2) de la partie fixe sont réunies l'une à l'autre, à leur sommet (8) et à leur base (9), par deux plaques de liaison amagnétiques (3,4), horizontales, avec une plaque de liaison supérieure (3) de plus petite largeur, et une plaque de liaison inférieure (4) de plus grande largeur.Magnetic carrier with permanent magnets according to claim 1, characterized in that the two pole pieces (1,2) of the fixed part are joined to one another, at their top (8) and at their base (9) , by two non-magnetic connection plates (3,4), horizontal, with an upper connection plate (3) of smaller width, and a lower connection plate (4) of greater width. Porteur magnétique à aimants permanents selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que sa partie fixe comprend deux flasques de fermeture amagnétiques (14,15), de forme trapézoïdale, fixés verticalement contre les deux pièces polaires (1,2) et les deux plaques de liaison (3,4), et portant les paliers (19,20) du rotor (5).Magnetic carrier with permanent magnets according to claim 2, characterized in that its fixed part comprises two non-magnetic closing flanges (14,15), of trapezoidal shape, fixed vertically against the two pole pieces (1,2) and the two plates of link (3,4), and carrying the bearings (19,20) of the rotor (5). Porteur magnétique à aimants permanents selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les deux pièces opposées en acier doux (23,24) du rotor (5) possèdent des sections inégales, en forme de segments de cercle, l'un relativement grand et l'autre relativement petit.Magnetic carrier with permanent magnets according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the two opposite mild steel parts (23, 24) of the rotor (5) have unequal sections, in the form of circular segments, one relatively large and the other relatively small. Porteur magnétique à aimants permanents selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les aimants permanents (25) du rotor (5) sont des aimants du type "terres rares".Magnetic carrier with permanent magnets according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the permanent magnets (25) of the rotor (5) are magnets of the "rare earth" type. Porteur magnétique à aimants permanents selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les aimants permanents (25) du rotor (5) sont des aimants "Néodyme-Fer-Bore".Magnetic carrier with permanent magnets according to claim 5, characterized in that the permanent magnets (25) of the rotor (5) are "Neodymium-Iron-Boron" magnets. Porteur magnétique à aimants permanents selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de manoeuvre (28) comprend, à l'extérieur de la partie fixe, un tube radial (31) avec poignée (32) qui est lié en rotation avec le rotor (5) et dans lequel est montée coulissante une tige-poussoir (33) repoussée vers l'extérieur par un ressort (34), la tige-poussoir (33) portant un doigt ou une goupille (36) qui traverse au moins une lumière longitudinale (37) du tube précité (31) et qui est engagée dans une partie évidée fixe (38), de contour circulaire (39) présentant au moins une encoche (40) pour l'indexage du rotor (5) dans sa position angulaire "marche".Magnetic permanent magnet carrier according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the operating device (28) comprises, outside the fixed part, a radial tube (31) with handle (32) which is linked in rotation with the rotor (5) and in which is slidably mounted a push rod (33) pushed outwards by a spring (34), the push rod (33) carrying a finger or a pin (36 ) which passes through at least one longitudinal lumen (37) of the aforementioned tube (31) and which is engaged in a fixed recessed part (38), of circular outline (39) having at least one notch (40) for indexing the rotor (5) in its angular "on" position. Porteur magnétique à aimants permanents selon l'ensemble des revendicatins 3 et 7, caractérisé en ce que la partie évidée précitée est une zone évidée (38) dans la face externe de l'un des flasques de fermeture (14) de la partie fixe.Magnetic carrier with permanent magnets according to all of the claims 3 and 7, characterized in that the aforementioned recessed part is a recessed area (38) in the external face of one of the closing flanges (14) of the fixed part.
EP94420115A 1993-06-24 1994-04-11 Magnetic carrier with permanent magnets Expired - Lifetime EP0631971B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR9307940A FR2706881B1 (en) 1993-06-24 1993-06-24
FR9307940 1993-06-24

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JP (1) JP2769432B2 (en)
DE (1) DE69404232T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2107159T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2706881B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2706881A1 (en) 1994-12-30
EP0631971B1 (en) 1997-07-16
JP2769432B2 (en) 1998-06-25
DE69404232D1 (en) 1997-08-21
FR2706881B1 (en) 1995-07-28
JPH0710453A (en) 1995-01-13
DE69404232T2 (en) 1997-11-06
US5382935A (en) 1995-01-17
ES2107159T3 (en) 1997-11-16

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