EP0629234B1 - Lubricants for chain belt conveyors and their use - Google Patents

Lubricants for chain belt conveyors and their use Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0629234B1
EP0629234B1 EP93904003A EP93904003A EP0629234B1 EP 0629234 B1 EP0629234 B1 EP 0629234B1 EP 93904003 A EP93904003 A EP 93904003A EP 93904003 A EP93904003 A EP 93904003A EP 0629234 B1 EP0629234 B1 EP 0629234B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricants
carbon atoms
general formula
weight
water
Prior art date
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EP93904003A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0629234B2 (en
EP0629234A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Strothoff
Birgit Winkemann
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Ecolab GmbH and Co oHG
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/26—Amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to clear water-soluble chain conveyor belt lubricants containing amphoteric compounds of the general formula (I) and organic carboxylic acids and, if appropriate, water and additives and / or auxiliaries.
  • the invention further relates to the use of such lubricant combinations as chain conveyor lubricants in the food industry.
  • the lubricants according to the invention are used here for the lubrication, cleaning and disinfection of automatic chain conveyor systems, which are used when filling foodstuffs, preferably beverages, in glass and plastic bottles, cans, glasses, barrels, beverage containers (KEG), paper and cardboard containers and the like are used.
  • plate conveyor belts or chain conveyor belts are usually used for the transport of the corresponding containers, which are lubricated with suitable aqueous lubricant preparations via immersion lubrication systems or automatic belt lubrication systems and kept clean.
  • the chain lubricants previously used as lubricants are based on the one hand on fatty acids in the form of their water-soluble alkali or alkanolamine salts or on fatty amines in the form of their organic or inorganic salts.
  • the DE-A-23 13 330 describes soap-based lubricants, the aqueous mixtures of C 1 -C 6, 8-fatty acid salts and contain surfactants.
  • DE-A-36 31 953 describes a method for lubricating chain-shaped bottle conveyor belts in beverage bottling plants, particularly in breweries, and for cleaning the belts using a liquid cleaning agent, which is characterized in that the chain-shaped bottle conveyor belts are used with belt lubricants based on neutralized primary Fatty amines, which preferably have 12 to 18 carbon atoms and contain an unsaturated content of more than 10%, lubricate and clean the bottle conveyor belts with cationic cleaning agents, namely quaternary ammonium compounds such as alkyltrimethylammonium, dialkyldimethylammonium and alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chlorides or organic acids.
  • cationic cleaning agents namely quaternary ammonium compounds such as alkyltrimethylammonium, dialkyldimethylammonium and alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chlorides or organic acids.
  • the main disadvantages of these fatty amines are: The reaction with anions in water, in particular with sulfates, bicarbonates, phosphates and carbonates from alkaline waters and other water constituents; a strong reaction with carbonic acid dissolved in water to form poorly soluble ammonium carbonates, for example in the case of carbonated drinks; solution mediators must be used; cleaning of the spraying and distribution system is necessary at regular intervals; otherwise the entire system becomes blocked and becomes unusable.
  • EP-A-0 044 458 describes lubricant preparations which are practically free from fatty acid soaps and which also contain a carboxylated nonionic Contain surfactant and an acyl sarcosinate.
  • the pH of these products is 7 to 11 and is therefore preferably in the neutral to alkaline range.
  • DE-A-38 31 448 relates to aqueous, clear water-soluble, soap-free lubricant preparations, a process for their preparation and the use of the lubricant preparations according to the invention, in particular as a lubricant for the transport of glass bottles or polyethylene terephthalate bottles.
  • the essentially neutral aqueous lubricant preparations (pH in the range from 6 to 8) contain alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkoxylated alkanol phosphates and alkane carboxylic acids, if appropriate in addition to customary solubilizers, solvents, defoamers and disinfectants.
  • Lubricant compositions are known from US Pat. No. 3,574,100 which contain amphoteric compounds which, according to this publication, are referred to as N-fatty alkyl- ⁇ -aminopropionate and N-fatty alkyl- ⁇ -iminodipropionate.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing new, improved lubricant preparations, in particular clear water-soluble chain conveyor belt lubricants, which do not have the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • Lubricants of this type are said to have both a good coefficient of friction, that is to say an excellent lubricating action, a low foaming behavior, a good cleaning action and, if possible, a good microbicidal action.
  • amphoteric surfactant and organic carboxylic acid resulted in a chain conveyor lubricant with excellent properties.
  • the chain conveyor belt lubricants according to the invention are independent of the water quality.
  • the lubricant combinations are only slightly foaming at normal use concentrations. Particularly good properties were observed when assessing the emergency running properties.
  • the ingredients are readily biodegradable and have a good cleaning effect.
  • the lubricant combinations according to the invention show a very good coefficient of friction, a low foaming behavior, a good cleaning effect and good skin tolerance.
  • Moderate foaming behavior improves the lubricating effect in problem areas such as turntables, changers, etc .
  • high substantivity and thus high lubrication performance even under unfavorable operating conditions (e.g. belt lubrication); low toxicity; generally usable even with equipment deficiencies; good cleaning effect; high capillary activity and film formation on surfaces; effective even in the presence of organic loads and acids or alkalis and also non-corrosive as a concentrate; insensitive to a drink entry.
  • the lubricant combinations according to the invention are both independent of the water quality and low-foaming, stable in storage at low temperatures, not corrosive and particularly environmentally and skin-friendly.
  • the compounds of the general formula (I) to be used for the purposes of the present invention may contain one of the alkyl radicals mentioned below as the radical R 1 : hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl , Octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl or docosyl.
  • the corresponding mono- or polyunsaturated radicals or the corresponding branched isomers can also be used.
  • radicals can also be substituted by hydroxyl, amino, imino, carbonyl, halogen, preferably chlorine atoms, or carboxyl groups.
  • radical R 1 preference is given to those compounds of the general formula (I) which, as radical R 1, have a straight-chain, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular having 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • the radical R 2 in the general formula represents the radical - (CH 2 ) n -COOM, where n and M have the meanings mentioned above.
  • n and M have the meanings mentioned above.
  • the index "n” in the general formula (I) means an integer in the range from 1 to 6.
  • M denotes hydrogen or an alkali metal atom, sodium or potassium, in particular sodium, being preferred as alkali metals.
  • organic carboxylic acid (s) is less critical as long as the clear water solubility is ensured under the given circumstances. Accordingly, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the organic carboxylic acid is selected from acetic acid, citric acid and glycolic acid, the acetic acid being of particular importance.
  • Preferred chain conveyor belt lubricants contain 0.01 to 95% by weight of the compounds of the general formula (I) and 5 to 50% by weight of the organic carboxylic acids. It is thus possible that the chain conveyor belt lubricants can be obtained anhydrous in this form. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chain conveyor belt lubricants contain 5 to 25% by weight of the compounds of the general formula (I) and 10 to 15% by weight of the organic carboxylic acids. In addition to water, other additives and / or auxiliaries may also be considered as additional ingredients of the chain conveyor belt lubricants according to the invention.
  • the lubricants according to the invention can also contain N-fatty alkyl- ⁇ -aminopropionates, as described in US Pat. No. 3,574,100 cited above.
  • EP-A-0 372 628 is also to be cited, in which corresponding N-alkylaminocarboxylic acids are also disclosed in a broader form.
  • Such compounds may also be considered as additives for the lubricants according to the invention.
  • the amount of such additives, optionally the lubricant according to the invention can be added is generally in the range from 0 to 10% by weight, preferably in the range from 1 to 5% by weight, in each case based on the overall formulation.
  • the lubricant combinations according to the invention can contain solubilizers as auxiliaries for obtaining a homogeneous, clear water-soluble application solution.
  • solubilizers include: alcohols, polyalcohols, ethers or polyethers, in particular isopropanol, butyl glycol, butyl diglycol or ethylene glycol ether.
  • the amount of solubilizer to be used depends in each case on the betaine used, and the person skilled in the art will determine the required amount of solubilizer by trial and error in individual cases. In general, additions to solubilizers in the range from 1 to 20% by weight, based on the overall formulation, are sufficient.
  • auxiliaries within the meaning of the present invention are also anionic or nonionic surfactants, for example alkoxylated fatty amines, fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty alcohols, but also alkylbenzenesulfonates soluble in hydrophilic solvents. These surfactants can improve the wetting of the chains and plate conveyor belts, should this be necessary in individual cases. In general, surfactant additives in the range from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the total formulation, are sufficient for this.
  • Nonionic surfactants preferably fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide / propylene oxide adducts, in particular C 12/14 fatty acid koho! -5EO / 4PO adducts, are preferred here.
  • Biocidal active substances are also suitable as further auxiliaries for the purposes of the present invention.
  • quaternary ammonium compounds QAC
  • QAC quaternary ammonium compounds
  • benzyl radical which is optionally substituted by halogen atoms.
  • Cocasalkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride DODIGEN R 226, commercial product from Bayer AG may be mentioned here as an example.
  • the preferred biocidal active compounds to be mentioned are compounds of the alkylaminoethylene glycine type which have an alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular 10 to 16 carbon atoms, and preferably two aminoethylene groups.
  • Such types of compounds are also called TEGO ampholytes and are, for example, commercial products from Goldschmidt AG.
  • An example is [N-dodecyl-bis (aminoethylene)] - N'-glycine. (TEGO R 51 B, Goldschmidt AG).
  • Such biocidal active ingredients are generally added to the lubricants according to the invention in amounts of 0 to 10% by weight, in particular in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight, based in each case on the overall formulation.
  • defoamers can also be added to the lubricants according to the invention as further auxiliaries.
  • Such products include, for example, adducts of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with fatty alcohols and, in particular, end-capped fatty alcohol polyethylene glycol ethers.
  • the lubricant combinations according to the invention preferably have a pH in the range from 3 to 6. If the pH of the chain conveyor belt lubricant is not already in this range, it can be adjusted to the desired value by adding an acid, preferably an organic carboxylic acid as defined above, for example with acetic acid.
  • the lubricant combinations have a dynamic viscosity of less than 300 mPa.s, in particular less than 150 mPa.s and particularly preferably in the range from 5 to 100 mPa.s - each at 20 ° C - have.
  • a separate adjustment of the viscosity to the values mentioned is generally not necessary or is optionally carried out by adding suitable amounts of the preferred diluent water or a solubilizer.
  • lubricants according to the invention do not consist exclusively of compounds of the general formula (I) and organic carboxylic acids, they can be prepared by simply mixing these components with water, optionally with the addition of the additives and / or auxiliaries mentioned.
  • the present invention relates to the use of chain conveyor belt lubricants of the type described above as lubricants in the food industry, in particular for automatic chain conveyor belt systems.
  • the chain conveyor belt lubricants according to the invention are generally still diluted with water.
  • Such aqueous application solutions generally contain 0.01 to 1% by weight of compounds of the general formula (I), preferably 0.01 to 0.2% by weight and in particular 0.02 to 0.04% by weight of such connections.
  • the amounts of organic carboxylic acid to be used are obtained by simply converting the amounts of the concentrates from the amount of compounds of the general formula (I).
  • the products according to the invention do not cause stress corrosion cracking and can therefore be used without problems for PET and PC containers.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • Examples 1 to 9 according to the invention show formulations of lubricant concentrates and various application data which were determined using the corresponding dilute aqueous application solutions, these application solutions containing the respective concentrates in an amount of 0.4% by weight. More detailed explanations of the specific application data - friction resistance, foam behavior, clear water solubility and emergency running time - can be found below. Comparative examples 1 to 5 serve for comparison.
  • the coefficient of friction "u” given below is the quotient of the measured tensile stress for a bottle to the weight of the bottle in grams.
  • the coefficient of friction should be less than 0.15 for sufficient lubrication. If the value exceeds 0.15, the lubricating effect and thus the perfect transport will decrease significantly.
  • the clear water solubility of the application solutions should also be guaranteed over a longer test period in order to avoid deposits in ball valve filters, nozzles, spray and distribution systems, conveyor belts and transport goods.
  • a 0.4% by weight solution was stored in 16 ° d water for 72 h and then assessed visually.
  • the foam development should be low, since excessive foam not only interferes with the workflow (automatic bottle inspector) and occupational safety (risk of slipping), but also can soften the label and penetrate into the not yet sealed container. In addition, the coefficient of friction deteriorates due to excessive foaming tendency.
  • a low level of foaming is an advantage because it requires a better distribution of the lubricant on the conveyor belt.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Belt Conveyors (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Chain Conveyers (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
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Abstract

Chain conveyor lubricants, especially for the food industry, which form clear solutions in water and which contain in combinationa) at least one compound corresponding to formula (I): in whichR1 is a saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, which may optionally be substituted by an -OH, -NH2, -NH-, -CO-, halogen or a carboxyl group,R2 is a carboxyl group containing 2 to 7 carbon atoms,M is hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium, an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a benzyl group, andn is an integer of 1 to 6;b) at least one organic carboxylic acid selected from monobasic or polybasic, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated carboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms; and, optionally,c) at least one of water, additives, and auxiliaries.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft klarwasserlösliche Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel enthaltend amphotere Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (I) und organische Carbonsäuren sowie gegebenenfalls Wasser und Zusatz- und/oder Hilfsstoffe.The present invention relates to clear water-soluble chain conveyor belt lubricants containing amphoteric compounds of the general formula (I) and organic carboxylic acids and, if appropriate, water and additives and / or auxiliaries.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin die Verwendung derartiger Schmiermittelkombinationen als Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel in der Lebensmittelindustrie. Insbesondere finden die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel hier Verwendung zum Schmieren, Reinigen und Desinfizieren von automatischen Kettentransportband-Anlagen, die beim Abfüllen von Lebensmitteln, vorzugsweise Getränken, in Glas- und Kunststoffflaschen, Dosen, Gläser, Fässer, Getränkecontainer (KEG), Papier- und Pappbehälter und dergleichen eingesetzt werden.The invention further relates to the use of such lubricant combinations as chain conveyor lubricants in the food industry. In particular, the lubricants according to the invention are used here for the lubrication, cleaning and disinfection of automatic chain conveyor systems, which are used when filling foodstuffs, preferably beverages, in glass and plastic bottles, cans, glasses, barrels, beverage containers (KEG), paper and cardboard containers and the like are used.

In Flaschenkellern und Faßkellern von Getränkebetrieben sowie bei der Abfüllung von Lebensmitteln werden für den Transport der entsprechenden Gefäße üblicherweise Plattentransportbänder bzw. Kettentransportbänder benutzt, die mit geeigneten wäßrigen Schmiermittelzubereitungen über Tauchschmieranlagen oder über automatische Bandschmiersysteme geschmiert und sauber gehalten werden.In bottle cellars and barrel cellars of beverage companies as well as in the filling of foodstuffs, plate conveyor belts or chain conveyor belts are usually used for the transport of the corresponding containers, which are lubricated with suitable aqueous lubricant preparations via immersion lubrication systems or automatic belt lubrication systems and kept clean.

Während Tauchschmieranlagen kaum Probleme hinsichtlich der anwendungstechnischen Eigenschaften bei der Wahl des Schmiermittels bereiten, sind es Ausfällungen schwerlöslicher Salze und mikrobiologische Ablagerungen, die in den Düsen und Filtern der zentralen Schmieranlagen den kontinuierlichen Betrieb des Abfüllens von Lebensmitteln, insbesondere Getränken, beträchtlich stören können, so daß die Anlagen nach einer gewissen Betriebsdauer stets abgeschaltet und gereinigt werden müssen.While immersion lubrication systems pose hardly any problems with regard to the application properties when selecting the lubricant, it is precipitations of poorly soluble salts and microbiological deposits that can considerably disrupt the continuous operation of filling foodstuffs, in particular beverages, in the nozzles and filters of the central lubrication systems, so that the systems must always be switched off and cleaned after a certain period of operation.

Die bisher als Schmiermittel eingesetzten Kettengleitmittel basieren einerseits auf Fettsäuren in Form ihrer wasserlöslichen Alkali- oder Alkanolaminsalze oder auf Fettaminen in Form ihrer organischen oder anorganischen Salze.The chain lubricants previously used as lubricants are based on the one hand on fatty acids in the form of their water-soluble alkali or alkanolamine salts or on fatty amines in the form of their organic or inorganic salts.

Die DE-A-23 13 330 beschreibt Schmiermittel auf Seifenbasis, die wäßrige Mischungen von C1 6-C,8-Fettsäuresalzen und oberflächenaktiven Substanzen enthalten.The DE-A-23 13 330 describes soap-based lubricants, the aqueous mixtures of C 1 -C 6, 8-fatty acid salts and contain surfactants.

Neben diesen Schmiermitteln auf Seifenbasis werden ansonsten hauptsächlich solche auf Basis von primären Fettaminen verwendet. So beschreibt die DE-A-36 31 953 ein Verfahren zum Schmieren von kettenförmigen Flaschentransportbändern in Getränkeabfüllbetrieben, insbesondere in Brauereien, sowie zum Reinigen der Bänder mittels eines flüssigen Reinigungsmittels, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß man die kettenförmigen Flaschentransportbänder mit Bandschmiermitteln auf Basis neutralisierter primärer Fettamine, die vorzugsweise 12 bis 18 C-Atome aufweisen und einen ungesättigten Anteil von mehr als 10 % enthalten, schmiert und die Flaschentransportbänder mit kationischen Reinigungsmitteln, nämlich quaternären Ammoniumverbindungen wie Alkyltrimethylammonium-, Dialkyldimethylammonium- und Alkyldimethylbenzylammoniumchloriden oder organischen Säuren reinigt.In addition to these soap-based lubricants, mainly those based on primary fatty amines are used. For example, DE-A-36 31 953 describes a method for lubricating chain-shaped bottle conveyor belts in beverage bottling plants, particularly in breweries, and for cleaning the belts using a liquid cleaning agent, which is characterized in that the chain-shaped bottle conveyor belts are used with belt lubricants based on neutralized primary Fatty amines, which preferably have 12 to 18 carbon atoms and contain an unsaturated content of more than 10%, lubricate and clean the bottle conveyor belts with cationic cleaning agents, namely quaternary ammonium compounds such as alkyltrimethylammonium, dialkyldimethylammonium and alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chlorides or organic acids.

Die Hauptnachteile dieser Fettamine sind: Die Reaktion mit Anionen des Wassers, insbesondere mit Sulfaten, Bicarbonaten, Phosphaten und Carbonaten aus alkalischen Wässern sowie anderen Wasserinhaltsstoffen; eine starke Reaktion mit in Wasser gelöster Kohlensäure zu schwerlöslichen Ammoniumcarbonaten, beispielsweise bei kohlensäurehaltigen Getränken; es müssen zwangsläufig Lösungsvermittler eingesetzt werden; die Reinigung des Sprüh- und Verteilsystems ist in regelmäßigen Abständen notwendig; ansonsten verstopft das gesamte System und wird somit unbrauchbar.The main disadvantages of these fatty amines are: The reaction with anions in water, in particular with sulfates, bicarbonates, phosphates and carbonates from alkaline waters and other water constituents; a strong reaction with carbonic acid dissolved in water to form poorly soluble ammonium carbonates, for example in the case of carbonated drinks; solution mediators must be used; cleaning of the spraying and distribution system is necessary at regular intervals; otherwise the entire system becomes blocked and becomes unusable.

Bei Schmiermitteln auf Basis von primären Fettaminen ist kein kontinuierlicher 24-Stunden-Betrieb möglich. Bei der Verwendung derartiger primärer Fettamine als Schmiermittel können die Anlagen nur mit einer geringen Flexibilität gefahren werden bzw. in vielen Fällen läßt sich dieses Verfahren nicht anwenden, da in bestehenden Anlagen oftmals Vormischbehälter vorhanden sind. Der Einsatz von primären Fettaminen und die hierfür erforderlichen zwei Verfahrensschritte - einerseits Schmieren, andererseits Reinigen - erfordern hohe apparative Investitionskosten. Schließlich ergibt sich durch den Einsatz der primären Amine und der niederen Alkancarbonsäuren, wie beispielsweise Essigsäure, die für den Reinigungsschritt erforderlich sind, auch eine erhebliche Geruchsbelästigung.Continuous 24-hour operation is not possible with lubricants based on primary fatty amines. When using such primary fatty amines as lubricants, the plants can only be operated with little flexibility or, in many cases, this method cannot be used, since premixing tanks are often present in existing plants. The use of primary fatty amines and the two process steps required for this - lubrication on the one hand and cleaning on the other - require high capital investment costs. Finally, the use of the primary amines and the lower alkane carboxylic acids, such as acetic acid, which are required for the cleaning step, also results in a considerable nuisance.

Die Hauptnachteile der oben genannten Verfahren sind somit einerseits die starke Wasserabhängigkeit der Schmiermittel auf Seifenbasis und die regelmäßig notwendige Systemreinigung beim Einsatz von Schmiermitteln auf Basis von primären Aminen. Die Ausfällungen, die in beiden Verfahren des Standes der Technik auftreten, müssen dabei entfernt werden. Zur Entfernung benutzt man eine einfache Säure-Base-Reaktion. Im Falle der Seifenprodukte auf Fettsäurebasis werden hierzu alkalische, komplexmittelhaltige Reiniger eingesetzt und als technische Äquivalente dazu werden bei Produkten auf Basis primärer Fettamine organische oder anorganische Säuren als Reiniger eingesetzt.The main disadvantages of the above-mentioned processes are, on the one hand, the strong water dependency of the soap-based lubricants and the regularly necessary system cleaning when using lubricants based on primary amines. The precipitates that occur in both prior art processes must be removed. A simple acid-base reaction is used for removal. In the case of soap products based on fatty acids, alkaline detergents containing complex agents are used for this purpose, and as technical equivalents, organic or inorganic acids are used as detergents in products based on primary fatty amines.

Schließlich sind im Stand der Technik weitere Kettenschmiermittel bekannt, die die vorstehend beschriebenen Nachteile nicht aufweisen. So beschreibt die EP-A-0 044 458 Schmiermittelzubereitungen, die praktisch frei von Fettsäureseifen sind und die weiterhin ein carboxyliertes nichtionisches Tensid und ein Acylsarcosinat enthalten. Der pH-Wert dieser Produkte beträgt 7 bis 11 und liegt somit vorzugsweise im neutralen bis alkalischen Bereich.Finally, other chain lubricants are known in the prior art which do not have the disadvantages described above. For example, EP-A-0 044 458 describes lubricant preparations which are practically free from fatty acid soaps and which also contain a carboxylated nonionic Contain surfactant and an acyl sarcosinate. The pH of these products is 7 to 11 and is therefore preferably in the neutral to alkaline range.

Die DE-A-38 31 448 betrifft schließlich wäßrige, klarwasserlösliche, seifenfreie Schmiermittelzubereitungen, ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittelzubereitungen, insbesondere als Schmiermittel zum Transport von Glasflaschen oder Polyethylenterephthalat-Flaschen. Die im wesentlichen neutralen wäßrigen Schmiermittelzubereitungen (pH im Bereich von 6 bis 8) enthalten Alkylbenzolsulfonate, alkoxylierte Alkanolphosphate und Alkancarbonsäuren, gegebenenfalls neben üblichen Lösungsvermittlern, Lösungsmitteln, Entschäumungsmitteln und Desinfektionsmitteln.Finally, DE-A-38 31 448 relates to aqueous, clear water-soluble, soap-free lubricant preparations, a process for their preparation and the use of the lubricant preparations according to the invention, in particular as a lubricant for the transport of glass bottles or polyethylene terephthalate bottles. The essentially neutral aqueous lubricant preparations (pH in the range from 6 to 8) contain alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkoxylated alkanol phosphates and alkane carboxylic acids, if appropriate in addition to customary solubilizers, solvents, defoamers and disinfectants.

Allerdings zeigen auch diese beiden oben beschriebenen Produkte noch folgende drei Nachteile:

  • 1. Sie sind mikrobiologisch ungünstig, da sie hervorragende Wachstumsbedingungen für Mikroorganismen schaffen.
  • 2. Weiterhin zeigen sie nur eine geringe Reinigungskraft.
  • 3. Schließlich weisen sie ein schwer zu kontrollierendes Schaumverhalten auf.
However, these two products described above also have the following three disadvantages:
  • 1. They are microbiologically unfavorable because they create excellent growth conditions for microorganisms.
  • 2. Furthermore, they show only a low cleaning power.
  • 3. Finally, they have a foam behavior that is difficult to control.

In der DE-A-39 05 548 werden Schmiermittel beschrieben, die mindestens ein sekundäres und/oder tertiäres Amin und/oder Salze derartiger Amine enthalten. Bei diesen Transportband-Hygieneprodukten zeigten sich jedoch in der praktischen Anwendung gewisse Probleme wegen der in einigen Fällen beobachteten Hautirritationen, die diesen Produkten zugeschrieben wurden, und wegen der Bildung toxischer Folgeprodukte bei unsachgemäßer Handhabung (Alkalisierung). Diese hydrophoben Verbindungen sind aufgrund der geringen Netzwirkung nur in optimalem Betriebszustand einer Bandschmieranlage einsetzbar. Durch organische Verschmutzungen oder Säuren, beispielsweise durch Phosphateintrag, tritt eine Neutralisation der Verbindungen auf.DE-A-39 05 548 describes lubricants which contain at least one secondary and / or tertiary amine and / or salts of such amines. With these conveyor belt hygiene products, however, there were certain problems in practical use because of the skin irritation observed in some cases, which was attributed to these products, and because of the formation of toxic secondary products when handled improperly (alkalization). Due to the low wetting effect, these hydrophobic compounds can only be used in the optimal operating condition of a belt lubrication system. Organic contamination or acids, for example due to the introduction of phosphate, leads to neutralization of the compounds.

Aus der US-A-3,574,100 sind Schmiermittelzusammensetzungen bekannt, die amphotere Verbindungen enthalten, die gemäß dieser Druckschrift als N-Fettalkyl-ß-aminopropionate und N-Fettalkyl-β-iminodipropionate bezeichnet werden.Lubricant compositions are known from US Pat. No. 3,574,100 which contain amphoteric compounds which, according to this publication, are referred to as N-fatty alkyl-β-aminopropionate and N-fatty alkyl-β-iminodipropionate.

Bei Verwendung dieser Verbindungen in Schmiermitteln wurden jedoch relativ hohe Reibwerte festgestellt. Darüberhinaus ist die Klarwasserlöslichkeit für den Einsatz in zentralen Schmiersystemen in der Lebensmittelindustrie, insbesondere fest installierten automatischen Systemen, nicht ausreichend.When using these compounds in lubricants, however, relatively high coefficients of friction were found. Furthermore, the solubility in clear water is not sufficient for use in central lubrication systems in the food industry, in particular in fixed automatic systems.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, neue, verbesserte Schmiermittelzubereitungen, insbesondere klarwasserlösliche Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel, bereitzustellen, die die Nachteile des Standes der Technik nicht aufweisen. Derartige Schmiermittel sollen sowohl einen guten Reibwert, also eine ausgezeichnete Schmierwirkung, ein geringes Schaumverhalten, eine gute Reinigungswirkung und möglichst eine gute mikrobizide Wirkung aufweisen.The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing new, improved lubricant preparations, in particular clear water-soluble chain conveyor belt lubricants, which do not have the disadvantages of the prior art. Lubricants of this type are said to have both a good coefficient of friction, that is to say an excellent lubricating action, a low foaming behavior, a good cleaning action and, if possible, a good microbicidal action.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft klarwasserlösliche Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel enthaltend in Kombination

  • a) wenigstens eine oder mehrere Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (I)
    Figure imgb0001
    wobei
    • R1 für einen gesättigten oder einfach oder mehrfach Ungesättigten, linearen oder verzweigten Alkylrest mit 6 bis 22 C-Atomen, der gegebenenfalls durch -OH, -NH2, -NH-, -CO-, Halogen oder einen Carboxylrest substituiert sein kann,
    • R2 für einen Carboxylrest mit 2 bis 7 C-Atomen,
    • M für Wasserstoff, Alkalimetall, Ammonium, einen Alkylrest mit 1 bis 4 C-Atomen oder einen Benzylrest und
    • n für eine ganze Zahl im Bereich von 1 bis 6 steht,
  • b) wenigstens eine organische Carbonsäure ausgewählt aus einbasigen oder mehrbasigen, gesättigten oder einfach oder mehrfach ungesättigten Carbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen,
  • c) gegebenenfalls Wasser und Zusatz- und/oder Hilfsstoffe.
The present invention relates to clear water-soluble chain conveyor lubricants containing in combination
  • a) at least one or more compounds of the general formula (I)
    Figure imgb0001
     in which
    • R 1 represents a saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear or branched alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, which may optionally be substituted by -OH, -NH 2 , -NH-, -CO-, halogen or a carboxyl radical,
    • R 2 represents a carboxyl radical with 2 to 7 C atoms,
    • M represents hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium, an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical and
    • n stands for an integer in the range from 1 to 6,
  • b) at least one organic carboxylic acid selected from monobasic or polybasic, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated carboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms,
  • c) optionally water and additives and / or auxiliaries.

Durch die Kombination von amphoterem Tensid und organischer Carbonsäure wurde ein Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel mit hervorragenden Eigenschaften erhalten. Die Schmierwirkung mit Reibbeiwerten von j1. kleiner oder gleich 0,12 wurde gegenüber den amphoteren Verbindungen allein deutlich verbessert.The combination of amphoteric surfactant and organic carboxylic acid resulted in a chain conveyor lubricant with excellent properties. The lubricating effect with friction coefficients of j1. less than or equal to 0.12 was significantly improved compared to the amphoteric compounds alone.

Die Einstellung eines Haut-pH-Wertes der Anwendungslösung ist möglich. Die erfindungsgemäßen Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel sind unabhängig von der Wasserqualität. Bei üblichen Einsatzkonzentrationen sind die Schmiermittelkombinationen nur gering schäumend. Besonders gute Eigenschaften wurden bei der Beurteilung der Notlaufeigenschaften beobachtet. Die Inhaltsstoffe sind gut biologisch abbaubar und weisen eine gute Reinigungswirkung auf.It is possible to set a skin pH of the application solution. The chain conveyor belt lubricants according to the invention are independent of the water quality. The lubricant combinations are only slightly foaming at normal use concentrations. Particularly good properties were observed when assessing the emergency running properties. The ingredients are readily biodegradable and have a good cleaning effect.

Hinsichtlich ihrer Anwendungseigenschaften zeigen die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittelkombinationen einen sehr guten Reibbeiwert, ein geringes Schaumverhalten, eine gute Reinigungswirkung sowie gute Hautverträglichkeit. Zusätzlich zu den genannten positiven Eigenschaften werden folgende Randbedingungen erfüllt: Mäßiges Schaumverhalten verbessert die Schmierwirkung an Problemzonen, wie Drehtellern, Wechslern usw.; hohe Substantivität und damit hohe Schmierleistung auch bei ungünstigen Betriebsbedingungen (z.B. Unterbandschmierung); geringe Toxizität; allgemein einsetzbar auch bei apparativen Unzulänglichkeiten; guter Reinigungseffekt; hohe Kapillaraktivität und Filmbildung an Oberflächen; auch in Gegenwart von organischen Belastungen und Säuren oder Alkalien wirksam und auch als Konzentrat nicht korrosiv; unempfindlich gegenüber einem Getränkeeintrag.With regard to their application properties, the lubricant combinations according to the invention show a very good coefficient of friction, a low foaming behavior, a good cleaning effect and good skin tolerance. In addition to the positive properties mentioned, the following boundary conditions are met: Moderate foaming behavior improves the lubricating effect in problem areas such as turntables, changers, etc .; high substantivity and thus high lubrication performance even under unfavorable operating conditions (e.g. belt lubrication); low toxicity; generally usable even with equipment deficiencies; good cleaning effect; high capillary activity and film formation on surfaces; effective even in the presence of organic loads and acids or alkalis and also non-corrosive as a concentrate; insensitive to a drink entry.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittelkombinationen sind beim Einsatz in der Getränkeindustrie im Gegensatz zu den bislang eingesetzten Kettenschmiermitteln sowohl unabhängig von der Wasserqualität als auch schaumarm, lagerstabil bei tiefen Temperaturen, nicht korrosiv und besonders umwelt- und hautverträglich.When used in the beverage industry, the lubricant combinations according to the invention, in contrast to the chain lubricants used hitherto, are both independent of the water quality and low-foaming, stable in storage at low temperatures, not corrosive and particularly environmentally and skin-friendly.

Die im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verwendenden Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (I) können als Rest R1 einen der nachfolgend genannten Alkylreste enthalten: Hexyl, Heptyl, Octyl, Nonyl, Decyl, Undecyl, Dodecyl, Tridecyl, Tetradecyl, Pentadecyl, Hexadecyl, Heptadecyl, Octadecyl, Nonadecyl, Eicosyl, Heneicosyl oder Docosyl. In gleicher Weise kommen hierfür auch die entsprechenden einfach oder mehrfach ungesättigten Reste oder die entsprechenden verzweigten Isomere in Frage. Ferner können die vorstehend genannten Reste auch durch Hydroxy-, Amino-, Imino-, Carbonyl-, Halogen-, vorzugsweise Chloratome, oder Carboxylgruppen substituiert sein. Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt sind solche Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (I), die als Rest R1 einen geradkettigen, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest mit 8 bis 18 C-Atomen, insbesondere mit 10 bis 18 C-Atomen, aufweisen.The compounds of the general formula (I) to be used for the purposes of the present invention may contain one of the alkyl radicals mentioned below as the radical R 1 : hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl , Octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl or docosyl. In the same way, the corresponding mono- or polyunsaturated radicals or the corresponding branched isomers can also be used. Furthermore, the abovementioned radicals can also be substituted by hydroxyl, amino, imino, carbonyl, halogen, preferably chlorine atoms, or carboxyl groups. According to the invention, preference is given to those compounds of the general formula (I) which, as radical R 1, have a straight-chain, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular having 10 to 18 carbon atoms.

Ferner ist erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt, daß der Rest R2 in der allgemeinen Formel für den Rest -(CH2)n-COOM steht, wobei n und M die vorstehend genannten Bedeutungen aufweisen. Mit anderen Worten bedeutet dies, daß das Stickstoffatom des Fettaminrestes zweifach durch identische Gruppen alkyliert ist.It is further preferred according to the invention that the radical R 2 in the general formula represents the radical - (CH 2 ) n -COOM, where n and M have the meanings mentioned above. In other words, this means that the nitrogen atom of the fatty amine residue is alkylated twice by identical groups.

Der Index "n" in der allgemeinen Formel (I) bedeutet eine ganze Zahl im Bereich von 1 bis 6. Mithin handelt es sich bei der besagten Gruppe um Methylen-, Ethylen-, Propylen-, Butylen-, Pentylen-oder Hexylenreste, wobei die Werte n = 2 und n = 3 bevorzugt sind. Besondere Bedeutung kommt hierbei dem Ethylenrest (n = 2) zu. Erfindungsgemäß ist es ferner bevorzugt, daß M Wasserstoff oder ein Alkalimetallatom bedeutet, wobei als Alkalimetalle Natrium oder Kalium, insbesondere Natrium, vorzugsweise in Frage kommen.The index "n" in the general formula (I) means an integer in the range from 1 to 6. The group in question is therefore a methylene, ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene or hexylene radical, where the values n = 2 and n = 3 are preferred. The ethylene residue (n = 2) is of particular importance here. According to the invention, it is further preferred that M denotes hydrogen or an alkali metal atom, sodium or potassium, in particular sodium, being preferred as alkali metals.

Selbstverständlich können im Sinne der Erfindung auch Gemische von Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (I) Verwendung finden. Beispielhaft für die erfindungsgemäß einzusetzenden Verbindungen der Formel (I) seien hier genannt: Natrium-N-Lauryl-iminodipropionat, Natrium-N-Cocosalkyliminodipropionat oder Natrium-N-Oleyl-iminodipropionat. Die Herstellung derartiger Verbindungen kann analog den Angaben in der US-A-3 574 100 erfolgen. Zudem sind solche Verbindungen auch im Handel erhältlich, vergleiche beispielsweise DE-RIPHATR 160C der Henkel KGaA.Mixtures of compounds of the general formula (I) can of course also be used for the purposes of the invention. Examples of the compounds of the formula (I) to be used according to the invention are: sodium N-lauryl iminodipropionate, sodium N-cocoalkyl iminodipropionate or sodium N-oleyl iminodipropionate. Such compounds can be prepared analogously to the information in US Pat. No. 3,574,100. Such compounds are also commercially available, for example compare DE-RIPHAT R 160C from Henkel KGaA.

Die Auswahl der organischen Carbonsäure (n) ist weniger kritisch, solange die Klarwasserlöslichkeit unter den gegebenen Umständen sichergestellt ist. Dementsprechend besteht eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung darin, daß die organische Carbonsäure ausgewählt ist aus Essigsäure, Citronensäure und Glycolsäure, wobei der Essigsäure besondere Bedeutung zukommt.The selection of the organic carboxylic acid (s) is less critical as long as the clear water solubility is ensured under the given circumstances. Accordingly, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the organic carboxylic acid is selected from acetic acid, citric acid and glycolic acid, the acetic acid being of particular importance.

Bevorzugte Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel enthalten 0,01 bis 95 Gew.% der Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (I) und 5 bis 50 Gew.% der organischen Carbonsäuren. Somit ist es möglich, daß die Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel in dieser Form wasserfrei erhalten werden können. In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung enthalten die Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel 5 bis 25 Gew. % der Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (I) und 10 bis 15 Gew. % der organischen Carbonsäuren. Als zusätzliche Inhaltsstoffe der erfindungsgemäßen Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel kommen neben Wasser gegebenenfalls ferner weitere Zusatz-und/oder Hilfsstoffe in Frage.Preferred chain conveyor belt lubricants contain 0.01 to 95% by weight of the compounds of the general formula (I) and 5 to 50% by weight of the organic carboxylic acids. It is thus possible that the chain conveyor belt lubricants can be obtained anhydrous in this form. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chain conveyor belt lubricants contain 5 to 25% by weight of the compounds of the general formula (I) and 10 to 15% by weight of the organic carboxylic acids. In addition to water, other additives and / or auxiliaries may also be considered as additional ingredients of the chain conveyor belt lubricants according to the invention.

Als Zusatzstoffe für die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittelkombinationen kommen in erster Linie sekundäre und/ oder tertiäre Amine und/oder Salze derartiger Amine in Betracht, wie sie in der vorstehend genannten DE-A-39 05 548 beschrieben sind.Secondary and / or tertiary amines and / or salts of such amines, as described in the aforementioned DE-A-39 05 548, are primarily considered as additives for the lubricant combinations according to the invention.

Falls erwünscht können die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel ferner auch N-Fettalkyl-ß-aminopropionate enthalten, wie sie in der vorstehend zitierten US-A-3 574 100 beschrieben sind. In diesem Zusammenhang sei ferner auch die EP-A-0 372 628 angeführt, in welcher gleichfalls entsprechende N-Alkyl-aminocarbonsäuren in breiterer Form offenbart werden. Auch derartige Verbindungen kommen gegebenenfalls als Zusatzstoffe für die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel in Frage.If desired, the lubricants according to the invention can also contain N-fatty alkyl-β-aminopropionates, as described in US Pat. No. 3,574,100 cited above. In this context, EP-A-0 372 628 is also to be cited, in which corresponding N-alkylaminocarboxylic acids are also disclosed in a broader form. Such compounds may also be considered as additives for the lubricants according to the invention.

Die Menge an derartigen Zusatzstoffen, die gegebenenfalls den erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermitteln beigefügt werden können, liegt in der Regel im Bereich von 0 bis 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 1 bis 5 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf die Gesamtformulierung.The amount of such additives, optionally the lubricant according to the invention can be added, is generally in the range from 0 to 10% by weight, preferably in the range from 1 to 5% by weight, in each case based on the overall formulation.

Weiterhin können die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittelkombinationen als Hilfsstoffe Lösungsvermittler zum Erhalt einer homogenen, klarwasserlöslichen Anwendungslösung enthalten. Als solche kommen beispielsweise in Betracht: Alkohole, Polyalkohole, Ether oder Polyether, insbesondere Isopropanol, Butylglykol, Butyldiglykol oder Ethylenglykolether. Die Menge des zu verwendenden Lösungsvermittlers richtet sich im Einzelfall nach dem eingesetzten Betain, der Fachmann wird im Einzelfall die erforderliche Menge an Lösungsvermittler durch Ausprobieren ermitteln. Im allgemeinen sind Zusätze an Lösungsvermittler im Bereich von 1 bis 20 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Gesamtformulierung, hinreichend.Furthermore, the lubricant combinations according to the invention can contain solubilizers as auxiliaries for obtaining a homogeneous, clear water-soluble application solution. Examples include: alcohols, polyalcohols, ethers or polyethers, in particular isopropanol, butyl glycol, butyl diglycol or ethylene glycol ether. The amount of solubilizer to be used depends in each case on the betaine used, and the person skilled in the art will determine the required amount of solubilizer by trial and error in individual cases. In general, additions to solubilizers in the range from 1 to 20% by weight, based on the overall formulation, are sufficient.

Als weitere Hilfsstoffe im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung kommen ferner anionische oder nichtionische Tenside in Betracht, beispielsweise alkoxylierte Fettamine, Fettalkohole, alkoxylierte Fettalkohole, aber auch in hydrophilen Lösungsmitteln lösliche Alkylbenzolsulfonate. Diese Tenside können die Benetzung der Ketten und Plattentransportbänder verbessern, sofern dies im Einzelfall erforderlich sein sollte. Im allgemeinen sind Tensid-Zusätze im Bereich von 1 bis 10 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Gesamtformulierung, hierfür ausreichend. Bevorzugt werden hierbei nichtionische Tenside, vorzugsweise Fettalkohol-Ethylenoxid/Propylenoxid-Addukte, insbesondere C12/14-Fetta!koho!-5EO/4PO-Addukte.Other auxiliaries within the meaning of the present invention are also anionic or nonionic surfactants, for example alkoxylated fatty amines, fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty alcohols, but also alkylbenzenesulfonates soluble in hydrophilic solvents. These surfactants can improve the wetting of the chains and plate conveyor belts, should this be necessary in individual cases. In general, surfactant additives in the range from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the total formulation, are sufficient for this. Nonionic surfactants, preferably fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide / propylene oxide adducts, in particular C 12/14 fatty acid koho! -5EO / 4PO adducts, are preferred here.

Als weitere Hilfsstoffe im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung kommen ferner biozide Wirkstoffe in Betracht. Erfindungsgemäß werden als solche insbesondere quaternäre Ammoniumverbindungen (QAV) eingesetzt, die mindestens einen langkettigen Alkylrest mit insbesondere 8 bis 16 C-Atomen und/oder mindestens einen - gegebenenfalls mit Halogenatomen substituierten - Benzylrest aufweisen. Beispielhaft sei hier Cocasalkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammoniumchlorid genannt (DODIGENR 226, Handelsprodukt der Bayer AG). In diesem Zusammenhang sind ferner als bevorzugt zu verwendende biozide Wirkstoffe Verbindungen vom Typ der Alkyl-aminoethylen-glycine zu nennen, die einen Alkylrest mit 6 bis 22 C-Atomen, insbesondere 10 bis 16 C-Atomen, und vorzugsweise zwei Aminoethylen-gruppierungen aufweisen. Derartige Verbindungstypen werden auch TEGO-Ampholyte genannt und sind zum Beispiel Handelsprodukte der Firma Goldschmidt AG. Beispielhaft sei hier [N-Dodecyl-bis(aminoethylen)]-N'-glycin genannt. (TEGOR51 B, Goldschmidt AG). Derartige biozide Wirkstoffe werden den erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermitteln im allgemeinen in Mengen von 0 bis 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere in Mengen von 1 bis 5 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf die Gesamtformulierung, zugesetzt.Biocidal active substances are also suitable as further auxiliaries for the purposes of the present invention. According to the invention, quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) in particular are used as such which have at least one long-chain alkyl radical with in particular 8 to 16 carbon atoms and / or at least one benzyl radical which is optionally substituted by halogen atoms. Cocasalkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride (DODIGEN R 226, commercial product from Bayer AG) may be mentioned here as an example. In this context, the preferred biocidal active compounds to be mentioned are compounds of the alkylaminoethylene glycine type which have an alkyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular 10 to 16 carbon atoms, and preferably two aminoethylene groups. Such types of compounds are also called TEGO ampholytes and are, for example, commercial products from Goldschmidt AG. An example is [N-dodecyl-bis (aminoethylene)] - N'-glycine. (TEGO R 51 B, Goldschmidt AG). Such biocidal active ingredients are generally added to the lubricants according to the invention in amounts of 0 to 10% by weight, in particular in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight, based in each case on the overall formulation.

Sofern erforderlich können den erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermitteln als weitere Hilfsstoffe auch Entschäumer zugesetzt werden. Als solche kommen beispielsweise Anlagerungsprodukte von Ethylenoxid und Propylenoxid an Fettalkohole sowie insbesondere endgruppenverschlossene Fettalkohol-Polyethylenglykolether in Frage.If necessary, defoamers can also be added to the lubricants according to the invention as further auxiliaries. Such products include, for example, adducts of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with fatty alcohols and, in particular, end-capped fatty alcohol polyethylene glycol ethers.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittelkombinationen weisen vorzugsweise einen pH-Wert im Bereich von 3 bis 6 auf. Sofern der pH-Wert des Kettentransportband-Schmiermittels nicht bereits in diesem Bereich liegt, kann er durch Zugabe einer Säure, vorzugsweise einer organischen Carbonsäure, wie vorstehend definiert, beispielsweise mit Essigsäure auf den gewünschten Wert eingestellt werden.The lubricant combinations according to the invention preferably have a pH in the range from 3 to 6. If the pH of the chain conveyor belt lubricant is not already in this range, it can be adjusted to the desired value by adding an acid, preferably an organic carboxylic acid as defined above, for example with acetic acid.

Im Hinblick auf eine optimale Dosiermöglichkeit ist es ferner von Vorteil, daß die Schmiermittelkombinationen eine dynamische Viskosität von weniger als 300 mPa.s, insbesondere von weniger als 150 mPa.s und besonders bevorzugt im Bereich von 5 bis 100 mPa.s - jeweils bei 20 °C - aufweisen. Eine gesonderte Einstellung der Viskosität auf die genannten Werte ist im allgemeinen nicht erforderlich bzw. erfolgt gegebenenfalls durch Zusatz geeigneter Mengen des bevorzugten Verdünnungsmittels Wasser oder eines Lösungsvermittlers.With regard to an optimal dosing option, it is also advantageous that the lubricant combinations have a dynamic viscosity of less than 300 mPa.s, in particular less than 150 mPa.s and particularly preferably in the range from 5 to 100 mPa.s - each at 20 ° C - have. A separate adjustment of the viscosity to the values mentioned is generally not necessary or is optionally carried out by adding suitable amounts of the preferred diluent water or a solubilizer.

Sofern die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel nicht ausschließlich aus Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (I) und organischen Carbonsäuren bestehen, lassen sie sich durch einfaches Vermischen dieser Komponenten mit Wasser, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz der genannten Zusatz-und/oder Hilfsstoffe, herstellen.If the lubricants according to the invention do not consist exclusively of compounds of the general formula (I) and organic carboxylic acids, they can be prepared by simply mixing these components with water, optionally with the addition of the additives and / or auxiliaries mentioned.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft schließlich die Verwendung von Kettentransportband-Schmiermitteln der vorstehend beschriebenen Art als Schmiermittel in der Lebensmittelindustrie, insbesondere für automatische Kettentransportband-Anlagen. Für diesen Anwendungszweck werden die erfindungsgemäßen Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel im allgemeinen noch mit Wasser verdünnt. Derartige wäßrige Anwendungslösungen enthalten in der Regel 0,01 bis 1 Gew.-% von Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (I), vorzugsweise 0,01 bis 0,2 Gew.-% und insbesondere 0,02 bis 0,04 Gew.- % derartiger Verbindungen. Die einzusetzenden Mengen an organischer Carbonsäure ergibt sich durch einfaches Umrechnen der Mengenangaben der Konzentrate aus der Menge an Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (I).Finally, the present invention relates to the use of chain conveyor belt lubricants of the type described above as lubricants in the food industry, in particular for automatic chain conveyor belt systems. For this purpose, the chain conveyor belt lubricants according to the invention are generally still diluted with water. Such aqueous application solutions generally contain 0.01 to 1% by weight of compounds of the general formula (I), preferably 0.01 to 0.2% by weight and in particular 0.02 to 0.04% by weight of such connections. The amounts of organic carboxylic acid to be used are obtained by simply converting the amounts of the concentrates from the amount of compounds of the general formula (I).

Die erfindungsgemäßen Produkte verursachen im Gegensatz zu Standard-Seifenprodukten keine Spannungsrißkorrosion und können daher für PET und PC-Gebinde problemlos eingesetzt werden. (PET = Polyethylenterephthalat, PC = Polycarbonat), sofern keine Tenside als Hilfsstoffe Verwendung finden, die bei derartigen Materialien zu Spannungsrissen führen.In contrast to standard soap products, the products according to the invention do not cause stress corrosion cracking and can therefore be used without problems for PET and PC containers. (PET = polyethylene terephthalate, PC = polycarbonate), provided that no surfactants are used as auxiliaries that lead to stress cracks in such materials.

BeispieleExamples

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird durch die nachfolgenden Beispiele näher erläutert. Die erfindungsgemäßen Beispiele 1 bis 9 zeigen Formulierungen von Schmiermittelkonzentraten sowie verschiedene anwendungstechnische Daten, die mit den entsprechenden verdünnten wäßrigen Anwendungslösungen ermittelt wurden, wobei diese Anwendungslösungen die jeweiligen Konzentrate in einer Menge von 0,4 Gew.-% enthielten. Nähere Erläuterungen zu den jeweils bestimmten anwendungstechnischen Daten - Reibwiderstand, Schaumverhalten, Klarwasserlöslichkeit und Notlaufzeit - finden sich nachstehend. Zum Vergleich dienen die Vergleichsbeispiele 1 bis 5.The present invention is illustrated by the following examples. Examples 1 to 9 according to the invention show formulations of lubricant concentrates and various application data which were determined using the corresponding dilute aqueous application solutions, these application solutions containing the respective concentrates in an amount of 0.4% by weight. More detailed explanations of the specific application data - friction resistance, foam behavior, clear water solubility and emergency running time - can be found below. Comparative examples 1 to 5 serve for comparison.

Alle Prozentangaben in den nachstehenden Formulierungs-Beispielen beziehen sich auf Gewichtsprozente.All percentages in the formulation examples below relate to percentages by weight.

Die Versuche zur Messung des Reibungswiderstandes, im folgenden kurz "Reibbeiwert" genannt, sind auf einem Technikums-Flaschentransportband unter folgenden Bedingungen durchgeführt worden: Messung des Reibwiderstandes von 20 mit Wasser gefüllten 0,5 I Euro-Bierflaschen als Zugspannung mit einem Dynamometer. Flaschentransportgeschwindigkeit: ca. 1 m/s Besprühen des Flaschentransportbandes mit 0,4 Gew.-%iger Bandschmiermittellösung, wie in den Beispielen genannt. Sprühleistung der Düsen: 4 I/h, 1 Düse pro Band.The tests for measuring the frictional resistance, hereinafter referred to as "coefficient of friction", were carried out on a pilot bottle conveyor belt under the following conditions: Measurement of the frictional resistance of 20 0.5 liter Euro beer bottles filled with water as tensile stress using a dynamometer. Bottle transport speed: approx. 1 m / s spraying the bottle conveyor belt with 0.4% by weight belt lubricant solution, as mentioned in the examples. Spraying performance of the nozzles: 4 l / h, 1 nozzle per belt.

Der im folgenden angegebene Reibbeiwert "u" ergibt sich als der Quotient der gemessenen Zugspannung für eine Flasche zum Gewicht der Flasche in Gramm.The coefficient of friction "u" given below is the quotient of the measured tensile stress for a bottle to the weight of the bottle in grams.

Weiterhin wurden die Produkte mit Hartwasser (16 ° d) nach den Bestimmungen der DIN 53 902 getestet.Furthermore, the products were tested with hard water (16 ° d) according to the provisions of DIN 53 902.

Das Schaumverhalten wird nach folgenden Klassen beurteilt:

  • 0 = schaumfrei
  • 1 = vereinzelte Schaumblasen
  • 2 = geringes Schäumen, nicht störend
  • 3 = Schäumen, störend
  • 4 = starkes Schäumen, nicht akzeptabel, Schaum unter dem Band
The foam behavior is assessed according to the following classes:
  • 0 = foam-free
  • 1 = isolated foam bubbles
  • 2 = low foaming, not disturbing
  • 3 = foaming, disturbing
  • 4 = strong foaming, not acceptable, foam under the tape

Der Reibbeiwert sollte zur ausreichenden Schmierung unter 0,15 liegen. Bei Überschreiten von 0,15 läßt die Schmierwirkung und somit der einwandfreie Transport deutlich nach.The coefficient of friction should be less than 0.15 for sufficient lubrication. If the value exceeds 0.15, the lubricating effect and thus the perfect transport will decrease significantly.

Die Klarwasserlöslichkeit der Anwendungslösungen sollte auch über einen längeren Versuchszeitraum gewährleistet sein, um Ablagerungen in Kugelventilfiltern, Düsen, Sprüh- und Verteilsystem, Band und Transportgut zu vermeiden. Hierzu wurde eine 0,4 Gew.-%ige Lösung in 16 °d Wasser für 72 h gelagert und anschließend visuell beurteilt.The clear water solubility of the application solutions should also be guaranteed over a longer test period in order to avoid deposits in ball valve filters, nozzles, spray and distribution systems, conveyor belts and transport goods. For this purpose, a 0.4% by weight solution was stored in 16 ° d water for 72 h and then assessed visually.

Die Schaumentwicklung sollte gering sein, da übermäßiger Schaum nicht nur den Arbeitsablauf (automatischer bottle inspector) und die Arbeitssicherheit (Rutschgefahr) stört, sondern darüber hinaus auch das Etikett aufweichen und in das noch nicht verschlossene Gefäß dringen kann. Zusätzlich wird durch übermäßige Schaumneigung der Reibbeiwert verschlechtert. Eine geringe Schaumentwicklung ist hingegen von Vorteil, da sie eine bessere Verteilung des Schmiermittels auf den Transportbändern bedingt.The foam development should be low, since excessive foam not only interferes with the workflow (automatic bottle inspector) and occupational safety (risk of slipping), but also can soften the label and penetrate into the not yet sealed container. In addition, the coefficient of friction deteriorates due to excessive foaming tendency. A low level of foaming, on the other hand, is an advantage because it requires a better distribution of the lubricant on the conveyor belt.

Unter Versuchsbedingungen, die auch zur Ermittlung des Reibbeiwertes und des Schaumverhaltens verwendet wurden, wurde nach einer Laufzeit von 30 min die Dosierung der Kettentransportband-Schmiermittel abgestellt. Von diesem Zeitpunkt an werden die Flaschen nur durch anhaftendes Kettentransportband-Schmiermittels geschmiert. Es wurde die Zeit gemessen, in der die Schmierung ohne wesentliche Verschlechterung des Reibbeiwertes aufrechterhalten wurde. Das Ende des Versuchs (Notlaufzeit) wurde dadurch bestimmt, wenn der Reibbeiwert um 20 % gegenüber dem Ursprungswert abgenommen hatte.Under test conditions, which were also used to determine the coefficient of friction and the foaming behavior, the metering of the chain conveyor lubricants was stopped after a running time of 30 minutes. From this point on, the bottles are lubricated only by adhering chain conveyor lubricant. The time was measured during which the lubrication was maintained without a significant deterioration in the coefficient of friction. The end of the test (emergency running time) was determined when the coefficient of friction had decreased by 20% compared to the original value.

Beispiel 1example 1

  • 15 % Natrium-N-Lauryl-iminodipropionat15% sodium N-lauryl iminodipropionate
  • 14 % Essigsäure14% acetic acid
  • 71 % Wasser71% water
  • Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,10, Schaumverhalten = 2 Klarwasserlöslichkeit: annähernd klarCoefficient of friction: µ = 0.10, foam behavior = 2 Clear water solubility: almost clear
  • Notlaufzeit: 20 minEmergency run time: 20 min
Beispiel 2Example 2

  • 15 % Natrium-N-Lauryl-iminodipropionat15% sodium N-lauryl iminodipropionate
  • 14 % Essigsäure14% acetic acid
  • 68 % Wasser68% water
  • 3 % C12 -14 Fettalkohol mit 5EO/4PO3% C12 -14 fatty alcohol with 5EO / 4PO
  • Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,10, Schaumverhalten = 1 Klarwasserlöslichkeit: absolut klarCoefficient of friction: µ = 0.10, foam behavior = 1 Clear water solubility: absolutely clear
  • Notlaufzeit: 25 minEmergency run time: 25 min
Beispiel 3Example 3

  • 15 % Natrium-N-Lauryl-iminodipropionat15% sodium N-lauryl iminodipropionate
  • 13 % Citronensäure13% citric acid
  • 72 % Wasser72% water
  • Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,11, Schaumverhalten = 2 Klarwasserlöslichkeit: annähernd klarCoefficient of friction: µ = 0.11, foam behavior = 2 Clear water solubility: almost clear
  • Notlaufzeit: 15 minEmergency run time: 15 min
Beispiel 4Example 4

  • 15 % Natrium-N-Lauryl-iminodipropionat15% sodium N-lauryl iminodipropionate
  • 10 % Glycolsäure10% glycolic acid
  • 75 % Wasser75% water
  • Reibbeiwert: u = 0,11, Schaumverhalten = 1 Klarwasserlöslichkeit: annähernd klarCoefficient of friction: u = 0.11, foam behavior = 1 Clear water solubility: almost clear
  • Notlaufzeit: nicht untersuchtEmergency runtime: not examined
Beispiel 5Example 5

  • 86 % Natrium-N-Lauryl-iminodipropionat86% sodium N-lauryl iminodipropionate
  • 14 % Essigsäure14% acetic acid
  • Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,10, Schaumverhalten = 1 Klarwasserlöslichkeit: annähernd klarCoefficient of friction: µ = 0.10, foam behavior = 1 Clear water solubility: almost clear
  • Notlaufzeit: 20 min.Emergency run time: 20 min.
Beispiel 6Example 6

  • 15 % Natrium-N-Lauryl-iminodipropionat15% sodium N-lauryl iminodipropionate
  • 14 % Essigsäure14% acetic acid
  • 68 % Wasser68% water
  • 3 % Cocosalkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammoniumchlorid Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,10, Schaumverhalten = 1 Klarwasserlöslichkeit: absolut klar3% cocoalkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride coefficient of friction: µ = 0.10, foam behavior = 1 clear water solubility: absolutely clear
  • Notlaufzeit: 25 minEmergency run time: 25 min
Beispiel 7Example 7

  • 15 % Natrium-N-Lauryl-iminodipropionat15% sodium N-lauryl iminodipropionate
  • 14 % Essigsäure14% acetic acid
  • 68 % Wasser68% water
  • 3 % [N-Dodecyl-bis(aminoethylen)]-N'-glycin Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,10, Schaumverhalten = 1 Klarwasserlöslichkeit: absolut klar3% [N-dodecyl-bis (aminoethylene)] - N'-glycine coefficient of friction: µ = 0.10, foam behavior = 1 clear water solubility: absolutely clear
  • Notlaufzeit: 20 min.Emergency run time: 20 min.
Beispiel 8Example 8

  • 15 % Natrium-N-Cocos-iminodipropionat15% sodium N-coconut iminodipropionate
  • 14 % Essigsäure14% acetic acid
  • 68 % Wasser68% water
  • 3 % Cocos-dimethyl-benzyl-ammoniumchlorid Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,12, Schaumverhalten = 0 Klarwasserlöslichkeit: absolut klar3% coco-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride coefficient of friction: µ = 0.12, foam behavior = 0 clear water solubility: absolutely clear
  • Notlaufzeit: 20 minEmergency run time: 20 min
Beispiel 9Example 9

  • 15 % Natrium-N-Cocos-iminodipropionat15% sodium N-coconut iminodipropionate
  • 1 % Natrium-N-Oleyl-iminodipropionat1% sodium N-oleyl iminodipropionate
  • 14 % Essigsäure14% acetic acid
  • 68 % Wasser68% water
  • 3 % Cocos-dimethyl-benzyl-ammoniumchlorid Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,11, Schaumverhalten = 0 Klarwasserlöslichkeit: absolut klar3% coco-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride coefficient of friction: µ = 0.11, foam behavior = 0 clear water solubility: absolutely clear
  • Notlaufzeit: 20 minEmergency run time: 20 min
Vergleichsbeispiel 1:Comparative Example 1:

(seifenhaltiges Kettengleitmittel)

  • 59 % Wasser
  • 10 % Butyldiglycol
  • 15 % Fettsäure (ÖI/Linol)
  • 9 % Ethylendiamintetraacetat-Na4
  • 4 % Monoethanolamin
  • 3 % Kaliumhydroxid
  • Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,12, Schaumverhalten: 3-4 Klarwasserlöslichkeit: bei 1 %igem Einsatz bis 12,5 ° d klar wasserlöslich
  • Notlaufzeit: 5 min
(soap-containing chain lubricant)
  • 59% water
  • 10% butyl diglycol
  • 15% fatty acid (oil / linole)
  • 9% ethylenediaminetetraacetate-Na4
  • 4% monoethanolamine
  • 3% potassium hydroxide
  • Coefficient of friction: µ = 0.12, foam behavior: 3-4 clear water solubility: with 1% use up to 12.5 ° d clearly water soluble
  • Emergency run time: 5 min

Vergleichsbeispiel 2:Comparative Example 2:

(alkylaminbasiertes Kettengleitmittel)

  • 4 % N,N-Dimethyl-N-laurylammoniumacetat
  • 8 % Laurylpropylendiammoniumacetat
  • 88 % Wasser
  • Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,10, Schaumverhalten = 1 Klarlöslichkeit: opak
  • Notlaufzeit: ca. 7 min
(alkylamine-based chain lubricant)
  • 4% N, N-dimethyl-N-laurylammonium acetate
  • 8% lauryl propylene diammonium acetate
  • 88% water
  • Coefficient of friction: µ = 0.10, foam behavior = 1 clear solubility: opaque
  • Emergency running time: approx. 7 min

Vergleichsbeispiel 3Comparative Example 3

(US-Patent 3,574,100)

  • 15 % N-Cocosalkyl-aminopropionsäure
  • 85 % Wasser
  • Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,14, Schaumverhalten = 2 Klarlöslichkeit: opak
  • Notlaufzeit: 10 min
(U.S. Patent 3,574,100)
  • 15% N-cocoalkyl aminopropionic acid
  • 85% water
  • Coefficient of friction: µ = 0.14, foam behavior = 2 Clear solubility: opaque
  • Emergency run time: 10 min

Vergleichsbeispiel 4Comparative Example 4

(US-Patent 3 574 100)

  • 15 % N-Cocosalkyl-aminopropionsäure
  • 3 % Lauryletherphosphorsäureester
  • 82 % Wasser
  • Reibbeiwert: µ = 0,13, Schaumverhalten = 4 Klarwasserlöslichkeit: opak
  • Notlaufzeit: 7 min
(U.S. Patent 3,574,100)
  • 15% N-cocoalkyl aminopropionic acid
  • 3% lauryl ether phosphoric acid ester
  • 82% water
  • Coefficient of friction: µ = 0.13, foam behavior = 4 Clear water solubility: opaque
  • Emergency run time: 7 min

Vergleichsbeispiel 5:Comparative Example 5:

  • 15 % Natrium-N-Lauryl-iminodipropionat15% sodium N-lauryl iminodipropionate
  • 85 % Wasser85% water
  • Reibbeiwert: 0,12, Schaumverhalten = 2Coefficient of friction: 0.12, foaming behavior = 2
  • Klarwasserlöslichkeit: opakClear water solubility: opaque
  • Notlaufzeit: 15 minEmergency run time: 15 min

Claims (12)

1. Chain conveyor lubricants forming clear solutions in water and containing in combination
a) at least one or more compounds corresponding to general formula (I):
Figure imgb0003
in which
R1 is a saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms which may optionally be substituted by -OH, -NH2, -NH- , -CO-, halogen or a carboxyl group,
R2 is a carboxyl group containing 2 to 7 carbon atoms,
M is hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium, an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a benzyl group and
n is an integer of 1 to 6,
b) at least one organic carboxylic acid selected from monobasic or polybasic, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated carboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms,
c) optionally water and additives and/or auxiliaries.
2. Lubricants as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that R2 in general formula (I) is the group -(CH2)n-COOM where n and M are as defined above.
3. Lubricants as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that n = 2 or 3, more particularly 2.
4. Lubricants as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that R1 in general formula (I) is a linear, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms and more particularly 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
5. Lubricants as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the carboxylic acid is selected from acetic acid, citric acid an glycolic acid, preferably acetic acid.
6. Lubricants as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 5 containing 0.01 to 95% by weight of the compounds corresponding to general formula (I) and 5 to 50% by weight of the organic carboxylic acid.
7. Lubricants as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 5 containing 5 to 25% by weight of the compounds corresponding to general formula (I) and 10 to 15% by weight of the organic carboxylic acid.
8. Lubricants as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that they contain solubilizers, nonionic or anionic surfactants, biocides and/or foam inhibitors as auxiliaries.
9. Lubricants as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that they contain quaternary ammonium compounds and/or alkyl aminoethylene glycines as biocides.
10. Lubricants as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that they have a pH value of 3 to 6.
11. Lubricants as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that they have a dynamic viscosity of less than 300 mPa.s and more particularly in the range from 5 to 100 mPa.s, as measured at 20 ° C.
12. The use of the lubricants claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 11, preferably in the form of dilute aqueous in-use solutions, as chain lubricants in the food industry, more particularly for automatic chain conveyor installations.
EP93904003A 1992-03-02 1993-02-22 Lubricants for chain belt conveyors and their use Expired - Lifetime EP0629234B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4206505 1992-03-02
DE4206505 1992-03-02
PCT/EP1993/000412 WO1993018120A1 (en) 1992-03-02 1993-02-22 Lubricants for chain belt conveyors and their use

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EP0629234A1 EP0629234A1 (en) 1994-12-21
EP0629234B1 true EP0629234B1 (en) 1995-11-15
EP0629234B2 EP0629234B2 (en) 2000-01-26

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EP (1) EP0629234B2 (en)
JP (1) JPH07504451A (en)
AT (1) ATE130360T1 (en)
AU (1) AU662604B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9306004A (en)
CA (1) CA2131388C (en)
CZ (1) CZ209694A3 (en)
DE (1) DE59300966D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0629234T4 (en)
ES (1) ES2079965T5 (en)
FI (1) FI943995A (en)
NO (1) NO942135D0 (en)
RU (1) RU94041745A (en)
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Also Published As

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NO942135L (en) 1994-06-08
DK0629234T4 (en) 2000-12-04
CA2131388C (en) 2002-07-23
JPH07504451A (en) 1995-05-18
WO1993018120A1 (en) 1993-09-16
CZ209694A3 (en) 1994-12-15
FI943995A0 (en) 1994-08-31
CA2131388A1 (en) 1993-09-16
EP0629234B2 (en) 2000-01-26
RU94041745A (en) 1996-08-10
ATE130360T1 (en) 1995-12-15
BR9306004A (en) 1997-10-21
US6372698B1 (en) 2002-04-16
FI943995A (en) 1994-08-31
ES2079965T5 (en) 2000-04-01
NO942135D0 (en) 1994-06-08
ES2079965T3 (en) 1996-01-16
EP0629234A1 (en) 1994-12-21
AU662604B2 (en) 1995-09-07
DE59300966D1 (en) 1995-12-21
AU3498493A (en) 1993-10-05
SK103694A3 (en) 1995-02-08
DK0629234T3 (en) 1996-03-25

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