EP0626294B1 - Roof carrier for vehicles - Google Patents
Roof carrier for vehicles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0626294B1 EP0626294B1 EP94105603A EP94105603A EP0626294B1 EP 0626294 B1 EP0626294 B1 EP 0626294B1 EP 94105603 A EP94105603 A EP 94105603A EP 94105603 A EP94105603 A EP 94105603A EP 0626294 B1 EP0626294 B1 EP 0626294B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- roof
- support foot
- strips
- passage
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R9/00—Supplementary fittings on vehicle exterior for carrying loads, e.g. luggage, sports gear or the like
- B60R9/04—Carriers associated with vehicle roof
- B60R9/045—Carriers being adjustable or transformable, e.g. expansible, collapsible
Definitions
- the invention relates to a roof rack for vehicles with two fixed roof rails fixed to the roof surface, which run at least approximately parallel to each other along the side edges of the roof surface, each having an upper support surface and an elongated inner channel open to the outside of the bar, the channel opening is formed by inwardly arranged flanges in an engagement wall of the roof moldings, with a front and a rear adjustable crossbar mounted on the roof moldings, each slidably attached to the support surface of the roof moldings via support feet, and with fastening devices to attach the support feet to the roof moldings , each of which includes a clamping plate arranged within the channel and a cylinder screw, the threaded shaft of which extends through the channel opening is in threaded engagement with the clamping plate.
- a non-positive connection is provided between the roof strips and the crossbars, which is produced in each case by cylinder screws and clamping plates.
- the vehicle accelerates or decelerates strongly, which can occur, for example, as a result of a collision with another vehicle or an obstacle, or even as a result of full braking, high forces act on the roof rack and on the cargo attached to it due to the inertia.
- the clamp fastening does not always withstand this stress. Rather, in extreme cases, the roof load carrier can be torn from the vehicle roof, whereby the cross members and the goods to be transported initially slide in the longitudinal direction of the roof rails.
- Another roof rack which has become known from US Pat. No. 4,982,886, provides for holes to be formed in a row in a roof rail at a distance from one another and that each support leg carries a bolt which engages in one of the holes and acts under the action of a compression spring .
- the respective support foot is not fixed to the roof rail by means of a clamping plate and screw.
- the present invention is based on the object to take precautions in a roof rack of the type mentioned that the risk of slipping of the cross members along the roof rails is avoided with strong acceleration or deceleration.
- each support leg extends axially parallel to the threaded shaft, can be used in each of the holes locking pin, it is further provided that the locking pin is arranged at one end on a plate resting on the support leg and penetrates with its free end the narrower part of a stepped bore formed in the support leg, that the plate is held by the head of the cylinder screw in threaded engagement with the clamping plate, that the plate against the force of one, enclosing the safety pin, at one end against the ring surface of the stepped bore supporting helical compression spring can be moved against the support foot and that the cylinder screw carries a stop disk which ensures that it is pulled out of your support foot.
- the adjustability of the crossbeams along the roof strips is retained, but in particular it is achieved that the crossbeams are secured against shifting in the longitudinal direction of the roof strips by a positive connection, even after reducing the pretension when setting the material or when the tensioning is too low of the clamping plates.
- the drawing shows an end region of a crossbar 1 which is fastened to a roof rail 3 via a support leg 2.
- the roof rail 3 is in turn attached to the roof surface of a vehicle roof 4 in a manner not shown.
- the roof rack has two roof rails 3 fixed to the roof surface, which run at least approximately parallel to one another along the side edges of the vehicle roof 4 and two cross bars 1 that can be adjusted on the roof rails 3. Both the roof rails 3 and the cross bars 1 are for the sake of simplicity only one is shown, which also applies to the support feet 2 connecting the cross bars 1 to the roof strips 3.
- the roof molding 3 has an upper support surface 5 and an elongated inner channel 6 which is open to the outside of the molding 3, the channel opening being formed by inwardly arranged flanges 7 in an engagement wall of the roof molding 3.
- the support foot 2 sits on the support surface 5 of the roof rail 3 and is fastened here with a fastening device.
- the fastening device consists of a clamping plate 8 arranged within the channel 6 and of a cylinder screw 9, the threaded shaft of which extends through the channel opening is in threaded engagement with the clamping plate 8.
- holes 10 Parallel to the channel 6, holes 10, of which only one is shown in the drawing, are formed in the roof rail 3 at a distance from one another and in a row.
- a locking pin 11 arranged on the support foot 2 engages in a hole 10 and thus fixes the foot 2 to the roof strip 3 when the clamping plate 8 is tightened.
- the locking pin 11 can be arranged directly on the support leg 2 or, as shown, on a plate 12 and with its free end engaging in a hole 10 penetrate the narrower part of a stepped bore 13 formed in the support leg 2.
- the plate 12 from the head of the threaded insert with the clamping plate 8 Cylinder screws 9 is held on the support leg 2, can be moved against the support leg 2 against the force of a helical compression spring 14 which surrounds the securing pin 11 and supports itself at one end against the annular surface of the stepped bore 13.
- the support foot 2 is fastened on the roof rail 3 by means of the cap screw 9.
- a non-positive connection is created via the clamping plate 8.
- the plate 12 With the cylinder screw 9, the plate 12 is pressed against the compression spring 14 at the same time.
- the locking pin 11 is thus immersed in one of the holes 10 in the roof rail 3 and thus secures the crossbar 1 against displacement in the longitudinal direction.
- the cylinder screw 9 is loosened, the plate 12 with the locking pin 11 is moved upward via the compression spring 14, so that the crossbar 1 can be moved.
- On the cylinder screw 9 sits a stop disc 15, which prevents the compression spring 14 from pushing the plate 12 out of the receptacle provided in the support leg 2.
- the drawing shows with dash-dotted lines a pivotable about the pivot point 16 lid 17 with lock 18. Lid and lock form a useful anti-theft device.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Dachlastenträger für Fahrzeuge mit zwei ortsfest auf der Dachfläche befestigten Dachleisten, die zumindest annähernd parallel zueinander entlang der Seitenränder der Dachfläche verlaufen, jeweils eine obere Stützfläche und einen langgestreckten, zur Außenseite der Leiste offenen inneren Kanal aufweisen, wobei die Kanalöffnung durch einwärts angeordnete Flansche in einer Eingriffswand der Dachleisten gebildet ist, mit einem vorderen und einem hinteren einstellbar an den Dachleisten montierten Querstab, der jeweils verschiebbar an der Stützfläche der Dachleisten über Stützfüße angebracht ist, und mit Befestigungsvorrichtungen, um die Stützfüße an den Dachleisten zu befestigen, die jeweils eine innerhalb des Kanals angeordnete Klemmplatte und eine Zylinderschraube einschließen, deren sich durch die Kanalöffnung erstreckender Gewindeschaft mit der Klemmplatte im Gewindeeingriff steht.The invention relates to a roof rack for vehicles with two fixed roof rails fixed to the roof surface, which run at least approximately parallel to each other along the side edges of the roof surface, each having an upper support surface and an elongated inner channel open to the outside of the bar, the channel opening is formed by inwardly arranged flanges in an engagement wall of the roof moldings, with a front and a rear adjustable crossbar mounted on the roof moldings, each slidably attached to the support surface of the roof moldings via support feet, and with fastening devices to attach the support feet to the roof moldings , each of which includes a clamping plate arranged within the channel and a cylinder screw, the threaded shaft of which extends through the channel opening is in threaded engagement with the clamping plate.
Bei einem durch die US-A-4 501 385 bekanntgewordenen Dachlastenträger der gattungsgemäßen Art ist eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den Dachleisten und den Querstäben vorgesehen, die jeweils über Zylinderschrauben und Klemmplatten hergestellt wird. Erfährt das Fahrzeug eine starke Beschleunigung oder Verzögerung, was beispielsweise durch die Kollision mit einem anderen Fahrzeug oder einem Hindernis oder aber auch durch eine Vollbremsung eintreten kann, wirken am Dachlastenträger und an dem auf ihm befestigten Transportgut aufgrund der Massenträgheit hohe Kräfte. Die Klemmbefestigung hält dieser Beanspruchung nicht immer Stand. Vielmehr kann der Dachlastenträger im Extremfall vom Fahrzeugdach gerissen werden, wobei zunächst die Querträger nebst Transportgut in Längsrichtung der Dachleisten verrutschen.In a roof rack of the generic type which has become known from US-A-4 501 385, a non-positive connection is provided between the roof strips and the crossbars, which is produced in each case by cylinder screws and clamping plates. Experienced the vehicle accelerates or decelerates strongly, which can occur, for example, as a result of a collision with another vehicle or an obstacle, or even as a result of full braking, high forces act on the roof rack and on the cargo attached to it due to the inertia. The clamp fastening does not always withstand this stress. Rather, in extreme cases, the roof load carrier can be torn from the vehicle roof, whereby the cross members and the goods to be transported initially slide in the longitudinal direction of the roof rails.
Bei einem anderen, durch die US-A 4 982 886 bekanntgewordenen Dachlastenträger ist vorgesehen, daß in einer Dachleiste sich mit Abstand in Reihe hintereinander erstreckende Löcher ausgebildet sind und jeder Stützfuß einen in jeweils eines der Löcher eingreifenden, unter der Wirkung einer Druckfeder stehenden Bolzen trägt. Bei diesem bekannten Dachlastenträger wird der jeweilige Stützfuß nicht mittels Klemmplatte und Schraube an der Dachleiste festgelegt.Another roof rack, which has become known from US Pat. No. 4,982,886, provides for holes to be formed in a row in a roof rail at a distance from one another and that each support leg carries a bolt which engages in one of the holes and acts under the action of a compression spring . In this known roof rack, the respective support foot is not fixed to the roof rail by means of a clamping plate and screw.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Dachlastenträger der eingangs genannten Art Vorsorge dafür zu treffen, daß die Gefahr des Verrutschens der Querträger längs der Dachleisten bei starker Beschleunigung oder Verzögerung vermieden wird.The present invention is based on the object to take precautions in a roof rack of the type mentioned that the risk of slipping of the cross members along the roof rails is avoided with strong acceleration or deceleration.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß parallel zum Kanal sich mit Abstand in Reihe hintereinander erstreckende Löcher in den Dachleisten ausgebildet sind und daß jeder Stützfuß einen sich achsparallel zum Gewindeschaft erstreckenden, in jeweils eines der Löcher einsetzbaren Sicherungsstift trägt, wobei weiterhin vorgesehen ist, daß der Sicherungsstift jeweils einendig an einer auf dem Stützfuß aufliegenden Platte angeordnet ist und mit seinem freien Ende den engeren Teil einer im Stützfuß ausgebildeten Stufenbohrung durchsetzt, daß die Platte vom Kopf der mit der Klemmplatte in Gewindeeingriff stehenden Zylinderschraube vom Stützfuß gehalten ist, daß die Platte gegen die Kraft einer den Sicherungsstift umschließenden, sich einendig gegen die Ringfläche der Stufenbohrung abstützenden Schraubendruckfeder gegen den Stützfuß bewegbar ist und daß die Zylinderschraube eine ein Herausziehen aus dein Stützfuß sichernde Anschlagscheibe trägt.This object is achieved in that parallel to the channel are spaced in rows successively extending holes in the roof moldings and that each support leg extends axially parallel to the threaded shaft, can be used in each of the holes locking pin, it is further provided that the locking pin is arranged at one end on a plate resting on the support leg and penetrates with its free end the narrower part of a stepped bore formed in the support leg, that the plate is held by the head of the cylinder screw in threaded engagement with the clamping plate, that the plate against the force of one, enclosing the safety pin, at one end against the ring surface of the stepped bore supporting helical compression spring can be moved against the support foot and that the cylinder screw carries a stop disk which ensures that it is pulled out of your support foot.
Durch diese erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen bleibt die Verstellbarkeit der Querträger längs der Dachleisten erhalten, insbesondere aber wird erreicht, daß die Querträger gegen ein Verschieben in Längsrichtung der Dachleisten durch eine formschlüssige Verbindung gesichert sind, auch nach Minderung der Vorspannung beim Setzen des Materials oder beim zu niedrigen Spannen der Klemmplatten.By means of these measures according to the invention, the adjustability of the crossbeams along the roof strips is retained, but in particular it is achieved that the crossbeams are secured against shifting in the longitudinal direction of the roof strips by a positive connection, even after reducing the pretension when setting the material or when the tensioning is too low of the clamping plates.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing.
Die Zeichnung zeigt einen Endbereich eines Querstabs 1, der über einen Stützfuß 2 an einer Dachleiste 3 befestigt ist. Die Dachleiste 3 ist ihrerseits auf der Dachfläche eines Fahrzeugdachs 4 in nicht näher dargestellter Weise befestigt. Zum Dachlastenträger gehören zwei ortsfest auf der Dachfläche befestigte Dachleisten 3, die zumindest annähernd parallel zueinander entlang der Seitenränder des Fahrzeugdachs 4 verlaufen und zwei einstellbar an den Dachleisten 3 montierte Querstäbe 1. Sowohl von den Dachleisten 3 als auch von den Querstäben 1 ist der Einfachheit halber jeweils nur einer dargestellt, was auch für die, die Querstäbe 1 jeweils mit den Dachleisten 3 verbindenden Stützfüße 2 gilt.The drawing shows an end region of a
Die Dachleiste 3 weist eine obere Stützfläche 5 und einen langgestreckten, zur Außenseite der Leiste 3 offenen inneren Kanal 6 auf, wobei die Kanalöffnung durch einwärts angeordnete Flansche 7 in einer Eingriffswand der Dachleiste 3 gebildet ist. Der Stützfuß 2 sitzt auf der Stützfläche 5 der Dachleiste 3 auf und ist hier mit einer Befestigungsvorrichtung befestigt. Die Befestigungsvorrichtung besteht aus einer innerhalb des Kanals 6 angeordneten Klemmplatte 8 und aus einer Zylinderschraube 9, deren sich durch die Kanalöffnung erstreckender Gewindeschaft mit der Klemmplatte 8 im Gewindeeingriff steht.The roof molding 3 has an
Parallel zum Kanal 6 sind mit Abstand zueinander und Reihe hintereinander Löcher 10, von denen in der Zeichnung nur eins gezeigt ist, in der Dachleiste 3 ausgebildet. Ein am Stützfuß 2 angeordneter Sicherungsstift 11 greift in ein Loch 10 ein und legt damit den Fuß 2 bei angezogener Klemmplatte 8 verschiebesicher an der Dachleiste 3 fest.Parallel to the channel 6,
Der Sicherungsstift 11 kann unmittelbar am Stützfuß 2 oder auch, wie dargestellt, an einer Platte 12 angeordnet sein und mit seinem freien in ein Loch 10 eingreifenden Ende den engeren Teil einer im Stützfuß 2 ausgebildeten Stufenbohrung 13 durchsetzen. Die Platte 12, die vom Kopf der mit der Klemmplatte 8 im Gewindeeinsatz stehenden Zylinderschrauben 9 am Stützfuß 2 gehalten ist, ist gegen die Kraft einer den Sicherungsstift 11 umschließenden, sich einendig gegen die Ringfläche der Stufenbohrung 13 abstützenden Schraubendruckfeder 14 gegen den Stützfuß 2 bewegbar.The
Bei der Montage wird mittels der Zylinderschraube 9 der Stützfuß 2 auf der Dachleiste 3 befestigt. Über die Spannplatte 8 entsteht eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung. Mit der Zylinderschraube 9 wird gleichzeitig die Platte 12 gegen die Druckfeder 14 gedrückt. Der Sicherungsstift 11 taucht dadurch in eines der Löcher 10 der Dachleiste 3 ein und sichert somit den Querstab 1 gegen ein Verschieben in Längsrichtung. Beim Lösen der Zylinderschraube 9 wird über die Druckfeder 14 die Platte 12 mit dem Sicherungsstift 11 nach oben bewegt, so daß ein Verschieben des Querstabes 1 möglich wird. Auf der Zylinderschraube 9 sitzt eine Anschlagscheibe 15, die verhindert, daß die Druckfeder 14 die Platte 12 aus der dafür vorgesehenen Aufnahme im Stützfuß 2 drückt.During assembly, the
Die Zeichnung zeigt mit strichpunktierten Linien einen um den Drehpunkt 16 schwenkbaren Deckel 17 mit Schloß 18. Deckel und Schloß bilden eine sinnvolle Diebstahlsicherung.The drawing shows with dash-dotted lines a pivotable about the
Claims (1)
- A roof rack for vehicles with two stationary roof Strips (3), which are at least approximately parallel to each other and are fixed along the lateral edges of the roof surface, each strip being provided with an upper supporting surface (5) and an elongated internal passage (6), which opens towards the exterior of the strip (3), the opening of the passage being formed by internally directed flanges (7) in an insertion wall of the roof strips (3), with a front and rear adjustable transverse bar (1), which is mounted on the roof strips (3), and which is movable on the supporting surface (5) of the roof Strips (3) by means of support feet (2), and with fixing means for fixing the support feet (2) on the strips (3), each fixing means including a clamping plate (8) disposed inside the passage (6) and a cylindrical headed screw (9), whose threaded stem which extends through the passage opening is in threaded engagement with the clamping plate (8), characterized in that in the strips (3) are formed a plurality of successive holes (10) which are lined up in parallel with respect to the passage (6) at a certain distance from each other and in that each support foot (2) supports a locking pin (11) whose axis is parallel to the axis of the threaded stem and which is insertable in a respective one of the holes (10), wherein moreover the locking pin (11) is disposed on one end on a plate (12) which lies on the support foot (2), and the pin passes with its free end through the narrow section of a stepped hole (13), which is formed in the support foot (2), in that the plate (12) is fixed on the support foot (2) by means of the head of the cylindrical screw (9) which is in engagement with the clamping plate (8), the plate (12) being movable towards the support foot (2) against the force of a spiral pressure spring (14) which is supported on one end on the annular face of the stepped hole (13) and surrounds the locking pin (11) and the cylindrical head screw (9) supporting an abutment disc (15) which prevents an extraction from the support foot (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4313885A DE4313885A1 (en) | 1993-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | Roof rack for vehicles |
DE4313885 | 1993-04-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0626294A1 EP0626294A1 (en) | 1994-11-30 |
EP0626294B1 true EP0626294B1 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
Family
ID=6486578
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94105603A Expired - Lifetime EP0626294B1 (en) | 1993-04-28 | 1994-04-12 | Roof carrier for vehicles |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5400938A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0626294B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2905086B2 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4313885A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2097566T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105730350A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽万祥汽车用品销售有限公司 | Roof luggage rack convenient to install and stable in structure |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5732863A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1998-03-31 | Advanced Accessory Systems Llc | Article carrier assembly |
DE19649758A1 (en) * | 1996-11-30 | 1998-06-04 | Oris Fahrzeugteile Riehle H | Roof rail system for motor vehicles |
CA2232829A1 (en) * | 1998-03-23 | 1999-09-23 | Michael Moliner | Attachment mechanisms for securing utility racks to vehicles |
SE9804017D0 (en) * | 1998-11-23 | 1998-11-23 | Mont Blanc Ind Ab | Cargo carrier system for vehicles |
DE19948475A1 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-04-19 | Jac Products Deutschland Gmbh | Roof rails for vehicles and manufacturing processes |
DE19962245A1 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-06-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Luggage rack for clamping to the edge of a motor vehicle roof has support feet engaging with angled surface on wedge-shaped part fixed to roof via rubber part |
US7204396B1 (en) * | 2002-07-18 | 2007-04-17 | Sportrack Automotive | One-piece support with integrated rail attachment mechanism and interchangeable outer cover |
US6905053B2 (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2005-06-14 | Watermark Paddlesports, Inc. | Rack tower |
US20060273123A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-12-07 | Settelmayer Joseph J | Rack tower assemblies and rack systems |
WO2009158728A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-30 | Yakima Products, Inc. | Linkage devices for connecting vehicle rack support members to vehicles |
DE102012005888B4 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2020-08-13 | Audi Ag | Profile strip for a support structure on the vehicle side for fastening a roof load carrier device, roof carrier arrangement for fastening a roof load carrier device with the profile strip and method for controlling a driver assistance or driver stability program for a vehicle |
US10040403B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 | 2018-08-07 | Yakima Products, Inc. | Crossbar clamp actuator |
EP3858678B1 (en) * | 2020-01-30 | 2022-03-09 | Thule Sweden AB | Crossbar and coupling member for a crossbar |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1183819A (en) * | 1980-07-23 | 1985-03-12 | John A. Bott | Cross rail for vehicle luggage carrier |
US4618082A (en) * | 1985-05-24 | 1986-10-21 | Oliver Industries, Inc. | Luggage rack |
US4911348A (en) * | 1988-05-03 | 1990-03-27 | Huron/St. Clair Company | Adjustable cross rail for luggage carrier |
US5143267A (en) * | 1988-09-20 | 1992-09-01 | John A. Bott | Article carrier |
US4982886A (en) * | 1989-03-27 | 1991-01-08 | John A. Bott | Article carrier |
US4988026A (en) * | 1989-05-15 | 1991-01-29 | Huron/St. Clair Incorporated | Discretely adjustable support rail for luggage carriers |
US5104018A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1992-04-14 | Rola Roof Racks International, Inc. | Article carrying system |
US5232139A (en) * | 1990-11-06 | 1993-08-03 | John A. Bott | Slat assembly for vehicle article carriers |
US5170920A (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-12-15 | Masco Corporation | Luggage rack |
US5190198A (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1993-03-02 | John A. Bott | Vehicle article carrier |
-
1993
- 1993-04-28 DE DE4313885A patent/DE4313885A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-03-18 US US08/210,369 patent/US5400938A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-12 DE DE59401184T patent/DE59401184D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-12 ES ES94105603T patent/ES2097566T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-12 EP EP94105603A patent/EP0626294B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-27 JP JP6090033A patent/JP2905086B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105730350A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽万祥汽车用品销售有限公司 | Roof luggage rack convenient to install and stable in structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0626294A1 (en) | 1994-11-30 |
DE59401184D1 (en) | 1997-01-16 |
DE4313885A1 (en) | 1994-11-03 |
JP2905086B2 (en) | 1999-06-14 |
US5400938A (en) | 1995-03-28 |
JPH06321016A (en) | 1994-11-22 |
ES2097566T3 (en) | 1997-04-01 |
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